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Arun Deep Chapter-05 Factorisation.

Factorisation

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15 views

Arun Deep Chapter-05 Factorisation.

Factorisation

Uploaded by

manojrkikani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Factorisation POINTS TO REMEMBER (a+b)? =a? +b? +2 ab or a +2 ab +b? (a— by? = a? + 6? - 2 ab or a*- 2 ab + b? (a+b) (a) (a + b) (a? — ab + b?) @ —b3 = (a—b) (a? + ab + b?) (eta) (x +b) =x2 + (at) x+ ab ax? + bx + ¢= ax? + px + qx +c, now we have to find p and q Aan EEE where pq =ac and p +4 =b. Factorise : =x(a-5)-y(a-5) Q. 1. 5.x? - 20 xy = (a—5) (x - y) Ans. Sol. 5 x? - 20 xy O.7.4@+y)-6@+ yy =5x(x-4 y) Ans. Sol. 4 (x + y)-6@ +»? Q. 2. 18 ab - 24 abe =2 (+ y) (2-36 + y} Sol. 18 ab ~ 24 abe =2 (+) (2-3 x-3 y) Ans. =6 ab (3 a—4c) Ans. Q.8. 6(2a+3 bP -8 (2at3d) Q. 3. 27:39 - 45 xt? Sol. 6 (2a +3 bP —8 (2a+3 4) Sol. 27 x33 - 45 x4y? =2(2a+3 5b) {3 (2a+35)-4} =9 8 3 y—5 x) Ans. =2(2a+36)(6a+9b~4) Ans. Q.4.5a(+c)-7hb +0) Q.9xe+yP-3xva+y) Sol. Sa(btc)-7b6 +0) Sol. x + yP-3 xy & +») = (b + ©) (5 a-75) Ans. =x (ety) {x +P -3 9} Q5.2xGR+P+4yP +7) =x(Qe+y) +P +2y-3 xy} Sol. 2x@+@)+4y—?+9) =x (x + y) @? + ¥— xy} Ans. =@+q)Qx+4y) Q. 10. a + 2a? + 5a + 10 = (p? +P) 2(«+2y) Sol. +2a*+5a+10 = 2 (p? + q?) +2 y) Ans. =a (a+ 2)+5 (a+2) Q.6.x(@-5)+y6-4) = (a + 2) (a? + 5) Ams. EXERCISE 5 (A) Es Sol. x (a- 5) +y (5 -@) ——————————————— SS —— Q. 1. x2 + xy- 222-2 yz Sol. x2 + xy- 222-2 yz =x(@et+y-2z2@+y) = («+ y) @—22) Ans. Q. 12, ab - a2 +5 ab-56 Sol. ab - ath +5 ab-5b = db (a-1)+56(@-1) = (a =|1) @b + 5.5) =(a-1)b @ +5) =b(a-1) @+5) Q. 13.2 +y-xy-x Sol. x2 + y-xy-x =-xy-xty =x@-y)-1e-y) = (e- y) @ 1) Ans. Q. 14. a(at+b-c)-be Sol, a (a+b-c)-be =a + ab — ac ~be =a(a+b)-c(a+b) = (a+b) (@- 0) Ans. Q. 15. (44-1? -8a+2 Sol. (4-17 -8a+2 =(4a-1-2 (44-1) =(4a-1) 4a-1-2) =(4a-1) (44-3) Ans. Q.16.8-4a-2a+a4 Sol. 8-44-20 +a4 4Q-a-@ 2-4) 2 - a) (4 - a3) Ans, Q.17. 2 a? + be = 2 ab — ac Sol. 2 a + be — 2 ab — ac =2 @-2ab-ac+ be =2a(a-b)-c(a-) = (a- 5) Qa—c) Ans. Q.18.a(@-2b-c)+2bc Sol. a (a~2b-c) +2 be =@-2ab-act2be =a(a-26)-c(a = (a-25) (a—c) Ans. >) Q. 19. x2 -(a + b)x + ab Sol. x? — (a+ b)x + ab =x? - ax — bx + ab =x(c-a)-b (x-a) = (~ @) (x b) Ans. Q. 20. 3 ax — 6 ay— 8 by + 4 bx Q. 21. Sol Q. 22. Sol. Sol. |. 3 ax — 6 ay- 8 by + 4 bx =3 ax- 6 ay +4 bx - 8 by a(e-2y)+4b(@-2y) © —2y) Gat4 6) Ans. ab (x? + y) - xy (a? + 5) |. ab (x? + y2) — xy (a? +B) = abx2 + aby? = xya® — xyb? bx? — xya? — xyb? + aby? = ax (bx — ay) — by (bx - ay) = (bx ~ ay) (ax ~ by) Ans. ab (x2 + 1) + x (a? +B?) ab (2 + 1) +x (a? + 6) = abx2 + ab + Px + bx = abx? + atx + bx + ab = ax (bx + a) + b (bx + a) = (bx + a) (ax + b) Ans. |. a) + ab (1-2 a) - 2 0? a + ab (1-2 a)-2 0? =@ + ab-2a@b-257 =a (a + b)-2b (a? +b) = (@ + b) (@- 26) Ans. pid 3 x2 + ai axe D x ee sad EXERCISE 5 (B) Factorise : Q.1. 2-49 Sol. x2- 49 = (x)?- (7? =(e+7)(x-7) Ans. Q.2. 25x2- 64 7 Sol. 25 x — 64 y? = (5 x)? - (8)? =(Sx+8y)(5x-8)y) Ans. Q.3. 100-9? Sol. 100-9 p? = (10)? - (3 p)? =(10+3p)(10-3p) Ans. Q.4. 80-Sa? Sol. 80-5 a?=5 (16 —a?) =5 (4? -@} =5(4+a)(4-a) Ans. Q.5. 32x2-18)7 Sol. 32 x?- 18? =2(16x?-9y?) =2{4xP-GB yt =2(4x+3y)(4x-3y) Ans. Q.6. 3x3-48x Sol. 3x3 - 48 x= 3x (x?- 16) =3x{@P- 4} =3x(x+4)(@v-4) Ans. Q.7. x4-81 Sol. x4-81=(@?)?- (9) = (2 +9) (x29) 2 +9) (x)? 3)} = (x? +9) (x +3)(x-3) Ans. Q:8, 2x7—32 Sol. 2x4-32=2 (x4 - 16) {@P- (4) =2 (2 +4) (2-4) =2 (x2 +4) (@P- 27} =2 (x? +4) (+2) (x-2) Ans. Q.9, 8-5x2-x45 Sol. 3 -5x?-x+5 =x-x-5x24+5 Q10. Sol. Qin Sol. Q.12. Sol. Q. 13. Sol. Q.14. Sol. Qs. Sol. =x(?-1)-502-1) =(@?-I)@-5) ={@)? -()} @—5) = (+1) (-1)@-5) Ans. I(etaP—4x2 9@taP—4x2 =B@+a@P-Qx? =[B @+a)+2x] [3 @+a)-2x] =(@Gxt3a+2x)@Gxt+3a-2x) =(S5x+3a)(x+3.a) Ans. 9(b+2a)?-4a2 9(b+2aP?-4a2 =[3 6+2a)?-Qay? =[B 6+2a)+2a] [3 6+2a)-2a] =(36+6a+2a)(3b+6a-2a) =(3b+8a)Gb+4a) Ans. 3-12(a-5)* 3-12(a-b? =3 [1-4 (a-5P| =3 (0)? -(2(@-)P] =3 {(1+2(a-6)} {1-2 (a-2)} =3(1+2a-26)(1-2a+25) Ans. 50 a -2 (bc)? 50 a@-2(b-c)? =2[25 a-(b-c))] =2[(6 a?-@-c] =2(Sat+b-c)(Sa—b+c) Ans. 2-39-32 2(@-3)?-32 =2 [(@e-3)?- 16] =2[@-3%- 7] =2[x-3+4] [x-3-4] =2(x+1)@-7) Ans. at (b+e)-(b +6? a@(b+e)-(b+e) =(b+0) [a- (b+ 0?) =(b+c)(at+b+¢)(a—b-c) Ans. Q. 16. Sol. Q.17. Sol. Q. 18. Sol. Q. 19. Sol. Q. 20. Sol. Q.21. Sol. Q. 22. t-1-2a-@ xt-1-2a-a =2-@+2a+l) =@P-(a+ 1? =(xtatl1)(x-a-1) Ans, Boyt tank? eay~t2y-2 =2-(7-2y2+2) =@)'-@=27 =(e+y-2)(e-y+z) Ans. -P-4xzt 427? -P-4xzt 42 =P-4uzt42-y = (PP -2 xxx 224(2z)?-()? =(x-227- 0? =(x-2z+y)(e-22-y) =(et+y—22)@e-y-22) Ans. xe-4xt4y-yp w-4xtdy-y? =xt-~-4xt4y = @P-OF-4-») =@+)@-y)-46-y) =(r-y)(e+y-4) Ans. x-y-x+y x-y-2+y =@-»)-@-y) =@-y)-@+y@-») =(r-y)(1-x-y) Ans. x(x+2)-y(v+z2) x(x +z2)-y +2) axdti-y-y2 =2-~+xz-yz =@+y) &-y)+2@-») =(-y)(e+y+2) Ans. x@-2)-yO-2) . x(x-2)-y@-2) “=x-2x-y+2y Q.23. Sol. Q. 24. Sol. Q. 26. Sol. Q.27. Sol. -y-Ixt2y =(x+y)@-y)-2@-y) =(x-y)(@+y-2) Ans, . 4x27 y-9 4xty-9y9 =y42-9y'] [2x?- Gy] =y(Qx+3y)Qx-3y) Ans. 9x42 - 12.x-36 9x4-x2-12.x-36 =9x4- (2 +12 x+36) = (Bx2P — {x2 +2 xx 6+ (67} xP -(x+ 6)? =(3x2+x+6)(3x?-x-6) Ans. 1 . x2 4+—-11 = 1 Saree =[* +5-2)-9 Pe 2 -(-J-0 x wer tea} (meds) sae x x + 5224-0 xA45x2+9 =x4+ 6x74+9-x2 [Add and subtract x?] = (22 +2 xx? 3 +(3)?- (x)? aGt 3G)? =(7+3 +x) (Q?+3-x) =(2+x+3)(?-x+3) Ans. +b 2-d+2ab-2ed @+b-2-P+2ab-2ed =@+b+2ab-2-P-2cd = (a? +b? +2 ab) -(c2 + +2 cd) =(a+b)-(¢+d? =(a+b+c+d)(atb-c-d) Ans. Q.28. Sol. Q. 30. Sol. (@-B)(2-#)=4 abcd (@— 8) (2@-#) -4 abed =A aa hb 2+ Bb — 4 abed =@ +B P-2abed-a b = 6? 2 =2 abed = [(ac)? + (bd)? -2 * ac x bd) = [(ad)? + (be)? +2 * ad x Be] = (ac = bd)? — (ad + be = (ac -—bd+ ad+ bc) (ac—bd-ad-be) Ans. . 4x2 12ax-y?-22-2yz+ 9a? =(4x2-12ax+9a)-(2 +22 +252) = {(2x?-2%2x*3at 3a)} -(tz? =(2x-3a)?-(yt+zP =(2x-3atyt2) (2x-3a-y-2) Ans. 9a?+3a-8b- 646? 9a +3q-8b-640? =9 646? +3a-85 = {(3a)?-(8b)*} +1 (3 a-8d) =(3a+8b)(3a-8b)+1(3.a-85) =(3a-8b)(Gat+8b+1) Ans. . Express (x? + 8 x— 15) (x?- 8x-15) as the difference of two squares. |. (x2 + 8.x + 15) (x? - 8 x- 15) = {@2) + (Bx + 15)} {@7)-(8x+15)} = (27 -(8x+15)? Ans. . Evaluate : @ Sol. (674)? = G26)" [(18-6)?- (1-4)7] (i) (674)? — G26 = (674 +326) (674 - 326) {-@— 6? = (a+b) (a-6)} = 1000 x 348=348000 Ans. (i) (18-6)? - (1-4)? = (18:6 + 1-4) (186 - 1-4) {. ab? = (a+b) (a-5)} Ea = 20-0 «17-2 =344 Ans. Q. 33. Factorise : (x4 +x? 7 + y4) Sol. Qu. Sol. Q2. Sol. xe ary yh extt2cyty-ry (Adding and subtracting x? y?) = (02)? +27 F + GP] - Gy? = (2+? Go? =? ty +2y) +P —3) =(2+xy+y?) (2 -xy+)?) Ans. EXERCISE 5 (C) Factorise : +64 x + 64 ices +4) (@)P—x% 4+ (47) =(x+4)(x?-4x+16) Ans. 8a+270 8a +2708 =(2a+(3b) a+3b) {(2a)®-2ax 3b +3 b)*} =(2a+35)(4a?-6ab+957) Ans. Q.3. 743 +56 43 Sol. 73 +565? =7(@+83)=7 {(@)? + (2 bY} =7(a+26) {(@)2- ax 2b + (25)7} =7(a+2b)(@-2ab+4 6?) Ans. Q.4. 8 +x? Sol. x° +x? =22 (8 +1) =x7{@P +0} =x? (e+ 1) {@P-x* 141} =x? (~+1)G2-x41) Ans. Q.5. 16x4+54x Sol, 16x4+54x =2x {8x3 +27} =2x (2x)? + B)} =2x(2x+3) {(2x)?-2x*3+(G)} =2x(2x+3)(4x2-6x+9) Ans. Q. 7. Sol. Qs Sol. Qo Sol. Q. 10. Sol. Qu. 1 216x3 +L enh a 1 3 6x3+— = 3 1) |, 216x3 +5— = (6x) +(4 ” (sx+3) {ios ~«mn3(3)| 1 1 -(s«+3) (3682 -2x43) Bas: af +b a + BS =(@y +o = (a? +b) {(a2)? = a? x Bt + (6?7} = (a? + bY) (at— a? b? + B4) Ans. a +3434 +3434 =a (a@ +343) =a {(a)? +(7)} =a(at7) {(a@)-ax 7+ (1?} =a(a+7)(a@-7a+49) Ans. 125x3+1 1253 +1 =Gx)'+ay =(Sx+1) {xP-5x%1+(1)} =(Sx+1)Q5x2-S5x+1) Ans. 2a+1653-3a-66 2@+1663-3a-66 =2(@ +859)-3(a+26) =2 {(@)3 + (2 5)3} -3 (@+ 26) =2 (at 2b) {(a?-ax 26+ (25)} -3(a+26) =2(a+2) (@?-2 ab +4 6%) -3(a+26) =(a+26) {2 (@-2 ab +4 b?)- 3} =(a+2b)(2a*-4.ab+8b?-3) Ans, @-125-2a+10 @-125-2a+10 = {(@)?- (5)}—2(a- 5) —— me =(a-5) {(@? +ax5+(5P} -2(a-5) = (a-5) (a +5.a+25)-2 (a-5) -5) (a? +5a+25-2) =(a-5) (a +5a+23) Ans. Q.12, x3 - 125 Sol. x3 - 125 = (x8 - (5 =(@-5) {@P +x *5+(5)*} =(x-5)(@@?+5x+25) Ans. 1 8 ss Qi13, 82° 55755 1 Rep Sab 2763 3 Seayt{( ae) iad (4) 2 1 Pea -(26-$) a0? «20-35+(35) } J th 2 : alee #2) Ans. Q.15. a-8.ab3 Sol. a-8 ab? =a(1-8 5°) =a {(1)>-(26)°) =a(1-26) {(1)?+1x 25+ (25)} =a(1-26)(1+26+45?) Ans. Q.16, 8-1 Sol. x6— 1 = (3)? - (1)? =841)@-1) = {G+ UP} {GP -(} =(x#1)@?-xt1)@-1) @?+x+1) =(x+1)@-1)Q?-x+1)@?+x4+1) Ans. Q.17. a - 0-064 Sol. a - 0-064 = (a) - (0-4) = (a—0-4) {(a)? + ax (0-4) + (0-4)7} = (a—0-4) (a2 +0-4a+0:16) Ans. Q.18. 24x4-375x Sol. 24 x*-375 x =3 x (8x3 - 125) =3 x (2x) (5))} =3.x(2x-5) {(2xP?+2x+5+(5)*} =3x(2x-5)(4x7+10x+25) Ans. Q.19. 3476-81 at bt Sol. 3.a7b-81 a4b4 =3 ath (@-276) =3a*b {(aP- 3b} =3 ah (a-3b) {(@ +ax3b +Gd)} =34'b (a-38) (@+3ab+9) Ans. 1 2 3 Beale ora Q.20. 4 a+? bch ee a a a Q.21. 2x7=128x Sol. 2x7-128x =2x(x5— 64) =2x (@)- (8) =2x (23 +8) @3- 8) x{@)P + 2} (6) - QP} =2 x(x +2) {)-x%2+(2)P7} (= 2) {@P +x*2+ QP} =2x(x+2)(@2-2x+4)@-2) (2 4+2x4 4) =2x(e+2)@-2)@?-2x+4) (2 +2x+4) Ans. Q. 22, 250 (ab +2 Sol. 250 (a-b)3 +2 =2 {125 (a—b)3 + 1} =2[{5 (a—B)}3 +1) =2{5(a-6) +1} [5 (@-b)P-5 @-5) x1 + (1) =2(5a-55+1) {25 (a—b) -5 (a-b) +1} =2(5a-5b+1) {25 (a2 +b? -2.ab)-Sa+5b+1} =2(Sa—5b+1) (25a? +25 6? -50ab-Sat+5b+1) Ans. Q.23. 8a — 53 4ax+2 dx Sol. 8 a3 - 53-4 ax+2 bx = (2.4) -(6)8} -2x (2a-5) =(2a—b) {((2ay+2a% b+ (b)*}, ~2x(2a-5) =(2a—b) (4a?+2 ab +b?) -2x(2a-5) =(2a-b)(4a?+2ab+b?—2x) Ans. »Q. 25. Sol. Q.26. Sol. Qi. Sol. Q2 Sol. . @- 2763 +2 a2 b- 6 ab? |. a — 2783 +2 a? b - 6 ab? = {(a) - Bb} + 2.ab (a3 b) =(a-3) {((@? +ax3b+(3b)} +2ab(a-3b) =(a-35) (a +3 ab +96?) +2 ab (a—35) =(a-3 6) (a? +3 ab+9b? +2 ab) =(a-3b) (a? +5.ab+9b?) Ans. 32a -8? x3 32PS-Rbo =83 (4-3?) =8x3 ((2.a)?- 6} =8x3 (2a+b)(2a—5) Ans. (a+b) + (a—5)3 (a+b3+(a-bP Let a+b=x and q-b=y (at+bP+@-bp=xe+y¥ =@ety) @-axyty) =(a+b+a-5) {(a+b)?-(a+b) (@- 6) + @-b} =2a{(atby+(a-by-@-8?)} = 2a {2 (a +62) - (a? - 6)} =2a(2a?+2b?- a? +b} =2a(@+352) Ans. Factorise : xP+9x418 P+ 9x+18 =x2+3xt+6x+18 hr 92346 { W300} =x(xt+3)+6(x+3) =(x+3)(«+6) Ans. -5x-6 w2-Sx-6=x7-6xtx-6 faeesseti} Q3. Sol. a4 Sol. Q5. Sol. Q.6. Sol. Q7. Sol. =x(x-6) +1 (x-6) =(x-6)(x+1) Ans. we +6x-7 z 2 +6x+7=2+7x-x-7 6 =7-1 { 72x} =x(x+7)-1(e+7) =(¥+7)(@-1) Ans. +7 x-18 +7x-18 =x2+9x-2x-18 =(r+9)(r-2) Ans. w-3x-54 x-3x- 54 =x2-9x+6x-54 =x(x-9) +6(x-9) =(e-9)(x+6) Ans. 33-17 x— 84 x? -17x- 84 =x2-21x+4x- 84 fie 7g o2* 4) -84 = -21x4 =x(x-21) +4 (e-21) =(e-21) (+4) Ans, 6x7 +11 x-10 6x2 +11x-10 =6x2+15x-4x-10 =3x(2x+5)-2(2x+5) =(2x+5)(3x-2) Ans. "6x (-10) = - 60 © M=15-4 = 60 = 15x (-4) : <4x-7 Sol. 3xt-4x-7 =3x2-Txt3x-7 =x@x-7)+1@Gx-7) Q.13. =(3x-7)(@+1) Ans. Sol Q.9. 2x2-7x-39 Sol. 23?-7x~ 39 =2x?-13x+6x-39 =x(2x-13)+3 (2x-13) =(2x-13)(@e+3) Ans. Q14. 2x30) = 778 Sole 4 oo7=-1 bt iaxs Q. 10. 2x7 +3x- Sol. 2x7+3x-90 =2x2+15x-12x-90 =x (2x+15)-6(2x+15) =(2x+15)(e-6) Ans. 0.15 2x a) te Sol. 5 = Stee 13K 12) Q.11. 222+5x-3 .- Sol. 2x2+5x-3 =2x2+6x-x-3 =2x(¢+3)-1@+3) =(e+3)(2x-1) Ans. Q16. Sol. Q.12, 10+3x-27 Sol. 10+3x-x? =10+5x-2x-x* =5(2+x)-x(2+x) =(2+x)(5-x) Ans. f 1x0) =-10 -10= 5x (-2) 7-12x-4x2 7-12x-42 =7=l4xt+2x-4x? =7(1-2x)+2x(1-2x) =(1-2x)(7+2x) Ans. 5-4y-127 5-4y-l¥ =5-l0y+6y-12y =5(1-2y)+6y (1-29) =(1-2y)(5+6y) Ans. 5x (-12) = - 60 2 -4=-10+6 -60 =-10x6 1- 182-632 1- 182-63 2? -21z+32-632 1(1-212)+3z(1-212) =(1-212)(1+3z) Ans. Lx (+63) =-63 2. -18=-2143 -63=-21%3 x? —3 ax- 88 a® x23 ax— 88 a? x21 ax+8 ac—88 a? =x(e-11 a) +8a(x- 11a) =(c-lla)(@@+8a) Ans. (eceayey xGtTX f $x(-12) = +60 Sol. 3-x(4+7x) 17= 20-3 | 3 60 = 20x (-3) =3-4x-72 Put =3-7xt3x-72 =1G=7x+xG-7x) =(3-7x)(1+x) Ans. Q.22. 5BatsP?+6Batb)-8 Sol. 5(3a+bP+6(3atb)-8 Let3.a+b=x, then SGatbP+bGatb)-8 f: a" =Sx?+6x-8 ah 2=-7x3 =Sx2+10x-4x-8 Q.18. 24294377 -Sx =Sx(x+2)—4(x+2) | Sol. 24.23 +3727 -Sx =(x+2)(Sx-4) =x(24x2+37x-5) Substituting the value of x, =x(24x2+40x-3x-5) =(3at+b+2){5Gatb)-4} =x (8x @x+5)-1Gx+5)) =@atb+2)(1Sa+5b-4) Ans. =x(@Qx+5)(8x-1) Ans. 24x (-5) = -120 37=40-3 120 = 40x (-3) Q.23. 3(2a-b)?-19(2a—b) + 28 Q.19, x27 -12xy- 45 Sol. Let 2a—6 =x, then - Sol, 77 - 129-45 3 (2a-b)?-19(2a-6) +28 =P y-Sxyt3xy-45 =3x2=19x+28 — say Gy-15)+3 Gy- 15) =3x2-12x-7x+28 _ = @y-15) Gy +3) Ans. =3x(x-4)-7@-4) (iar -is+3) =(e-4)Gx-7) =15x3. ‘Now substituting the value of x, =(2a-b-4) (3 (2a-b)-7} ar =(2a-6-4)(6a-35-7) Ans. okay 3x 28 = 84 ) nte-2ayty-9 a 12-7 | _ 2x@e-y+ye-») Bax)

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