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Comp Hardware

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Alizay Ali Shah
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25 views2 pages

Comp Hardware

Uploaded by

Alizay Ali Shah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Basic computer hardware components include the following:

1. **Central Processing Unit (CPU):** The CPU is the brain of the computer. It performs most of the
actual data processing and executes instructions from programs. Modern CPUs are typically multi-core,
which means they have multiple processing units on a single chip.

2. **Motherboard:** The motherboard is the main circuit board of the computer. It connects and allows
communication between the CPU, RAM, storage devices, and other hardware components. It also
provides connectors for external peripherals.

3. **Memory (RAM):** Random Access Memory (RAM) is the computer's short-term memory. It stores
data and instructions that are currently in use by the CPU. The more RAM a computer has, the more
programs and data it can work with simultaneously.

4. **Storage Devices:**

- **Hard Disk Drive (HDD):** HDDs are traditional storage devices that use spinning disks to store data.

- **Solid State Drive (SSD):** SSDs are faster and more reliable than HDDs. They use flash memory to
store data and are commonly used for the operating system and frequently accessed files.

5. **Power Supply Unit (PSU):** The PSU provides electrical power to all components of the computer.
It converts AC power from the wall outlet into DC power that the computer's components can use.

6. **Graphics Processing Unit (GPU):** The GPU, also known as a graphics card, is responsible for
rendering images and videos. It's essential for gaming, video editing, and graphic design tasks. Some
CPUs have integrated graphics, but dedicated GPUs offer better performance.

7. **Optical Drive:** Optical drives, like DVD or Blu-ray drives, are used for reading and writing optical
discs (e.g., DVDs or CDs). They are becoming less common as digital distribution and USB drives have
become more popular.
8. **Cooling System:** Computers generate heat, so a cooling system is necessary to prevent
overheating. This includes fans, heat sinks, and sometimes liquid cooling systems.

9. **Computer Case:** The case or chassis houses all the internal components, providing physical
protection and organization. It also typically has connectors for external peripherals like USB devices and
audio jacks.

10. **Input Devices:**

- **Keyboard:** Used for typing text and issuing commands.

- **Mouse:** Provides a pointing device for navigating the graphical user interface.

- **Touchpad, Trackball, or Stylus:** Alternative input devices.

- **Gamepad or Joystick:** Used for gaming.

11. **Output Devices:**

- **Monitor:** Displays visual output from the computer.

- **Speakers or Headphones:** Provides audio output.

- **Printer:** Produces hard copies of documents or images.

12. **Network Interface Card (NIC):** Allows the computer to connect to a network, either wired
(Ethernet) or wireless (Wi-Fi).

These are the fundamental hardware components of a typical desktop or laptop computer. Specialized
systems, like servers or gaming PCs, may have additional components or variations of these components
to meet specific requirements.

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