THINKING, INTELLIGENCE

& CREATIVITY

Presented by Aysha hudha

1. Which of the following is not a metacognitive activity?
(A) Wondering how one could have been mistaken
(B) Reflecting on our own thinking process
(C) Theory of mind
(D) Communicating one's present postal address
(D) Communicating one's present postal address

Explanation
2. What is meant by theory of mind?
(a) People's idea about feelings perceptions and thoughts of self and others, and the behaviour
these might predict
(b) A term first coined by Daniel Goleman
(c) People's ideas about their own and other's mental states
(d) By the age of six months, children worldwide display an advanced level of theory of mind
acquisition
(e) People with autism are said to have an impaired theory of mind.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(A) (a), (c) only
(B) (a), (c), (e) only
(C) (a), (b) only
(D) (c), (e) only
(a) People's idea about feelings perceptions and thoughts of self and others, and the behaviour
these might predict
(c) People's ideas about their own and other's mental states
(e) People with autism are said to have an impaired theory of mind.
(B) (a), (c), (e) only

Explanation
• Theory of Mind (TOM), the term coined by Premack and Woodruff (1978)
• Children show the rudiments of theory of mind as toddlers, have a limited understanding of the
relation between belief and action by age 3, and can begin to infer false beliefs in others by
around age 4.
• is fully developed only at the age of 5
3. Robert Sternberg proposed a triarchic theory of following intelligence types
(a) Creative
(b) Analogical
(c) Analytical
(d) Emotional
(e) Practical
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(A) (a), (c), (e) only
(B) (a), (b), (d) only
(C) (a), (b), (c) only
(D) (a), (c), (d) only
(a) Creative
(c) Analytical
(e) Practical
(A) (a), (c), (e) only
4. Which of the following is true about a Phoneme?
(a) It refers to the disrupted language of a patient with aphasia
(b) Every language has its own set of phonemes
(c) A phoneme is a category of speech sounds
(d) It is the smallest unit of language that carries meaning.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(A) (a) only
(B) (b), (d) only
(C) (b), (c) only
(D) (d) only
(C) (b), (c) only
5. Step by step interaction of operating a mechanical gadget is an example of :
(A) Trouble shooting
(B) Algorithm
(C) Heuristic approach
(D) Means-end analysis
(B) Algorithm

Explanation:
Heuristics are methods or strategies which often lead to problem solutions but are not
guaranteed to succeed.
Algorithms, which are methods or procedures that will always produce a solution
sooner or later.
6. When a person who needs to use a tool in a novel way but cannot do, it is
attributed to:
(A) Lack of interest
(B) Lack of motor skill
(C) Functional fixedness
(D) Lack of motivation
(C) Functional fixedness

In a study, participants were given a candle, a box of tacks and a book of matches.
Participants were challenged to attach the candle to a wall so that it would not drip on
the floor. Instead of noticing that the tack box could be used on its own, they only saw
it as a storage box.
7. Which of the following examines information processing approach to intelligence?
(A) Overall success in living
(B) Structure of intelligence
(C) Functions of intelligence
(D) Processes underlying intelligent behaviour
(A) Overall success in living
(B) Structure of intelligence
(C) Functions of intelligence
(D) Processes underlying intelligent behaviour
8. Which of the following is a group decision-making technique?
(A) Brainstorming
(B) Ordinal group technique
(C) Risky shift
(D) Random shift
(A) Brainstorming : It involves spontaneously generating many ideas in a non-critical
environment. The goal is to produce a large number of novel and varied solutions to a
problem.
(C) Risky shift : a tendency for the decisions of individuals to be more risky following
group discussion.
9. Which of the following is true about linguistic-relativity hypothesis?
(a) Thought produces language
(b) Language shapes perception and understanding
(c) Language determines thought
(d) Thinking and language interact
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(A) (a) and (d) only
(B) (b) and (c) only
(C) (a) only
(D) (b), (c) and (d) only
(A) (a) and (d) only
(B) (b) and (c) only
(C) (a) only
(D) (b), (c) and (d) only

Proposed byBenjamin Lee Whorf and Edward Sapir.

10. Match List I with List II

List I List II

(a) Thurstone (I) Triarchic Theory

(b) Gardner (II) Set of seven primary mental

abilities

(c) Sternberg (III) Multiple intelligence

(d) J.P. Das (IV) Pass Model

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) (a)-(IV), (b)-(I), (c)-(II), (d)-(III)
(B) (a)-(II), (b)-(I), (c)-(III), (d)-(IV)
(C) (a)-(II), (b)-(III), (c)-(I), (d)-(IV)
(D) (a)-(II), (b)-(III), (c)-(IV), (d)-(I)
Match List I with List II

List I List II

(a) Thurstone (I) Triarchic Theory

(b) Gardner (II) Set of seven primary mental

abilities

(c) Sternberg (III) Multiple intelligence

(d) J.P. Das (IV) Pass Model

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) (a)-(IV), (b)-(I), (c)-(II), (d)-(III)
(B) (a)-(II), (b)-(I), (c)-(III), (d)-(IV)
(C) (a)-(II), (b)-(III), (c)-(I), (d)-(IV)
(D) (a)-(II), (b)-(III), (c)-(IV), (d)-(I)
12. After being robbed by a boy recently the shopkeeper says “beware of teenagers in
our community”. Which of the following explains his reactions?
(A) Algorithm
(B) Availability Heuristic
(C) Representative Heuristic
(D) Gambler’s fallacy
(C) Representative Heuristic

Gambler’s fallacy: is the false belief that If an event has occurred several times before in the past, it
will occur less often in the future.
13. As per threshold hypothesis there exists
(A) Modest positive relationship between intelligence and creativity when IQ is above
the threshold.
(B) Modest positive relationship between intelligence and creativity when IQ is below
the threshold.
(C) Weak positive relationship between intelligence and creativity when IQ is below
the threshold.
(D) Weak positive relationship between intelligence and creativity when IQ is above
the threshold.
(B) Modest positive relationship between intelligence and creativity when IQ is below
the threshold.

Explanation:
• Intelligence is necessary but not sufficient for creative thinking.
• Studies indicated that the correlation between creativity and intelligence tends to
drop when IQ scores are higher than 120 (Getzels & Jackson, 1962).
14. Match List I with List II

List I List II

(a) Inductive reasoning (I) Inferring specific instances from general

principles or rules.
(b) Deductive reasoning (II) Cognitive short-cuts that provide
adequately accurate inferences for most of the
time
(c) Heuristics (III)Inferring general principles or rules from
specific facts
(d) Algorithm (IV) A procedure that consists of a series of
steps to solve a problem

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) (a)-(III), (b)-(IV), (c)-(II), (d)-(I)
(B) (a)-(I), (b)-(II), (c)-(IV), (d)-(III)
(C) (a)-(IV), (b)-(III), (c)-(II), (d)-(I)
(D) (a)-(III), (b)-(I),(c)-(II), (d)-(IV)
Match List I with List II

List I List II

(a) Inductive reasoning (I) Inferring specific instances from general

principles or rules.
(b) Deductive reasoning (II) Cognitive short-cuts that provide
adequately accurate inferences for most of the
time
(c) Heuristics (III)Inferring general principles or rules from
specific facts
(d) Algorithm (IV) A procedure that consists of a series of
steps to solve a problem

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) (a)-(III), (b)-(IV), (c)-(II), (d)-(I)
(B) (a)-(I), (b)-(II), (c)-(IV), (d)-(III)
(C) (a)-(IV), (b)-(III), (c)-(II), (d)-(I)
(D) (a)-(III), (b)-(I),(c)-(II), (d)-(IV)
15. The 'Product' approach to creativity primarily focuses on
(A) What type of people are creative?
(B) How does environment shape creativity?
(C) How do people arrive at creative ideas?
(D) What is considered to be creative?
(D) What is considered to be creative?
16. Match List I with List II:
List I (Concepts) List II (Process)
(a) Heuristics (I) Breaking whole into manageable part
(b) Analysis (II) An existing model for representing a problem
(c) Synthesis (III) Mean-end analysis
(d) Mental Set (IV) Putting together elements into a useful whole

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) (a)-(II), (b)-(III), (c)-(IV), (d)-(I)
(B) (a)-(III), (b)-(I), (c)-(IV), (d)-(II)
(C) (a)-(IV), (b)-(II), (c)-(III), (d)-(I)
(D) (a)-(III), (b)-(I), (c)-(II), (d)-(IV)
Match List I with List II:
List I (Concepts) List II (Process)
(a) Heuristics (I) Breaking whole into manageable part
(b) Analysis (II) An existing model for representing a problem
(c) Synthesis (III) Mean-end analysis
(d) Mental Set (IV) Putting together elements into a useful whole

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A) (a)-(II), (b)-(III), (c)-(IV), (d)-(I)
(B) (a)-(III), (b)-(I), (c)-(IV), (d)-(II)
(C) (a)-(IV), (b)-(II), (c)-(III), (d)-(I)
(D) (a)-(III), (b)-(I), (c)-(II), (d)-(IV)
17. When a target is defined by just one distinctive feature which is available on its
feature map and it calls attention to itself is known as: -
(A) Binding effect
(B) Pop-out effect
(C) Conjunction effect
(D) Orienting effect
(B) Pop-out effect : an element of feature search that characterizes the
target's ability to stand out from surrounding distractors due to its
unique feature.

Binding Problem : the theoretical issue of how the brain perceives and represents different features,
or conjunctions of properties, as one object or event. This is problematic because different
attributes of a stimulus (e.g., hue, form, spatial location, motion) are analyzed by different areas of
the cerebral cortex and yet are experienced in consciousness as a unity

Conjunction Search: a search task in which the target has two or more relevant features. According
to feature-integration theory, conjunction search proceeds in a serial manner.

Orienting Response: a behavioral response to an altered, novel, or sudden stimulus, such as

turning one’s head toward an unexpected noise.
18. Cattell proposed his theory of fluid and crystallized intelligences on the basis of
which of the following?
(A) First order factors of abilities
(B) Second order factors of abilities
(C) Third order factors of abilities
(D) Higher order factors of abilities
(A) First order factors of abilities: in factor analysis, any of the latent variables (factors)
that are derived from the correlation among the manifest variables
(B) Second order factors of abilities : a latent construct that emerges from a further
factor analysis (i.e., a second-order factor analysis) of the primary dimensions
derived from correlations among a set of items or variables.
19. Which of the following statements are true?
(a) All intelligent persons are creative
(b) Creativity is also known as divergent thinking
(c) Creativity is genetically determined
(d) Research is not conclusive about the relationship between intelligence and
creativity.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) (a) and (b) only
(B) (b) and (c) only
(C) (a) and (d) only
(D) (b) and (d) only
Which of the following statements are true?
(a) All intelligent persons are creative
(b) Creativity is also known as divergent thinking
(c) Creativity is genetically determined
(d) Research is not conclusive about the relationship between intelligence and
creativity.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) (a) and (b) only
(B) (b) and (c) only
(C) (a) and (d) only
(D) (b) and (d) only
20. Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) measures: -
(A) Perceiving emotions
(B) Using emotions to facilitate thought
(C) Understanding emotions
(D) Implicit motivation
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) (A) and (B) only
(B) (C) and (D) only
(C) (A), (B) and (C) only
(D) (B), (C) and (D) only
(C) (A), (B) and (C) only
• The term emotional intelligence was coined by two researchers, Peter Salavoy and
John Mayer in their article “Emotional Intelligence” in 1990.
• It was later popularized by
Daniel Goleman in his 1995
book Emotional Intelligence.

According to Mayer and Salovey’s

1997 model
21. Arrange in correct sequence, the first five intelligences given by Gardner:
(A) Linguistic Intelligence
(B) Logico-mathematical Intelligence
(C) Spatial Intelligence
(D) Kinesthetic Intelligence
(E) Natural intelligence
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) A, B, C, D, E
(B) B, A, C, E, D
(C) C, B, A, D, E
(D) D, C, E, B, A
(A) A, B, C, D, E
22. Which of the following indicate aspects of language development?
(a) Pragmatics
(b) Syntax
(c) Imprinting
(d) Semantics
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) (a), (b) and (c) only
(B) (a) and (b) only
(C) (a), (b) and (d) only
(D) (b) and (c) only
Which of the following indicate aspects of language development?
(a) Pragmatics
(b) Syntax
(c) Imprinting
(d) Semantics
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) (a), (b) and (c) only
(B) (a) and (b) only
(C) (a), (b) and (d) only
(D) (b) and (c) only
23. Jensen’s Level I and Level II abilities can be best understood in terms of which of
the following?
(A) Difficulty and complexity of tasks
(B) SES Differences
(C) Racial Differences
(D) Gender Differences
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: -
(A) (A) and (B) only
(B) (C) and (D) only
(C) (A), (B) and (C) only
(D) (B), (C) and (D) only
(C) (A), (B) and (C) only

• Level I involves rote learning and

primary memory ability
• Level II involves transformation, mental
manipulation, or reasoning
• Jensen found that there was no racial disparity in Level I cognitive abilities. However,
Level II abilities are more concentrated in middle-class Anglo-American
populations than in lower-class black populations
• His studies emphasized genetic differences in intelligence among people from
different races, nationalities, and social classes.
24. Which of the following are features of Metacognition?
(A) Encoding
(B) Regulation
(C) Monitoring
(D) Evaluation
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:-
(A) (A), (B) and (C) only
(B) (A) and (B) only
(C) (C) and (B) only
(D) (B), (C) and (D) only
(D) (B), (C) and (D) only
25. The cognitive theory contends dependency behaviours to be arising, from and
being maintained by cognitive distortions and maladaptive thought processes.
Which of the following are associated with cognitive distortions?
a) Availability
b) Hindsight bias
c) Flexible attribution
d) Illusion of control
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) a, b, c and d only
(B) a, b and c only
(C) b, c and d only
(D) c and d only
(A) a, b, c and d only

• The availability heuristic occurs when we judge the likelihood of an event based on
how easily we can recall similar events.
• Hindsight bias, also known as the knew-it-all-along phenomenon or creeping
determinism, is the common tendency for people to perceive past events as having
been more predictable than they were.
• Attribution bias is a cognitive bias that refers to the systematic errors made when
people evaluate or try to find reasons for their own and others' behaviors.
• The illusion of control is the tendency for people to overestimate their ability to
control events. It was named by U.S. psychologist Ellen Langer and is thought to
influence gambling behavior and belief in the paranormal.
26. Which of the following are comprised in executive functions?
a) Planning
b) Attention
c) Set shifting
d) Declarative memory
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) a, band c only
(B) a, b and d only
(C) a, c. and d only
(D)b, c and d only
(A) a, band c only

Executive functions include control functions related to the shifting mental sets,
monitoring and regulating performance, updating task demands, goal maintenance,
planning, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, among others. It enable humans
to achieve goals, adapt to novel everyday life situations, and manage social
interactions.

Set shifting, also known as cognitive flexibility, involves switching between tasks or
mental sets
27. The Four Stage theory of creativity was proposed by Joseph Wallas. Arrange these
stages in a sequence.
(a) Preparation
(b) Incubation
(c) Illumination
(d) Verification
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) (a), (c), (b), (d)
(B) (a), (b), (c), (d)
(C) (a), (d), (b), (c)
(D) (a), (c), (d), (b)
(B) (a), (b), (c), (d)
28. Which one of the following models proposes that there are three major functional
units of the brain : focussing on sustaining attention; receiving and storing information
and planning and self-monitoring?
(A)PASS model
(B) Kar and Parrila's model
(C) Atkinson and Shiffrin model
(D)Hunt's model
(A)PASS model
29. Several types of heuristics have been identified by researchers. Which of these are
included in it?
a) Lexicographic strategy
b) Satisficing strategy
c) Mental set
d) Elimination by aspects
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) a, b and c only
(B) a, b and d only
(C) a, c and d only
(D) b, c and d only
a) Lexicographic strategy: A lexicographic strategy is a decision-making approach
where alternatives are evaluated based on a specific order of attributes or criteria.
b) Satisficing strategy: decision-making strategy that aims for a satisfactory or
adequate result, rather than the optimal solution (satisfy and suffice).
d) Elimination by aspects: a choice is reached through a series of eliminations.

(B) a, b and d only

30. Who among the following is credited with proposing the investment theory of
creativity?
(A)Gatzels and Jackson
(B) Kaufman
(C) Wallach and Kogan
(D)Sternberg
(D)Sternberg

Sternberg and Lubart (2006) have proposed an investment theory to understand

creativity. According to the investment theory, creativity requires a confluence of six
distinct but interrelated resources: intellectual abilities, knowledge, styles of thinking,
personality, motivation, and environment. Although levels of these resources are
sources of individual differences, often the decision to use a resource is a more
important source of individual differences
31. The central aspect of rational thinking involves
(a) Deduction
(b) Induction
(c) Conduction logic
(d) Reduction approach
(e) Paradigm
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) (a) and (d) only
(B) (a) and (b) only
(C) (b) and (d) only
(D) (d) and (e) only
The central aspect of rational thinking involves
(a) Deduction
(b) Induction
(c) Conduction logic
(d) Reduction approach
(e) Paradigm
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) (a) and (d) only
(B) (a) and (b) only
(C) (b) and (d) only
(D) (d) and (e) only
32. Which of the following are the components of Metacognition?
a) Metacognition knowledge
b) Metacognition experience
c) Metacognition control
d) Metacognition regulation
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) a and b only
(B) a and d only
(C) a, b and c only
(D) a, b and d only
Which of the following are the components of Metacognition?
a) Metacognition knowledge
b) Metacognition experience
c) Metacognition control
d) Metacognition regulation
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) a and b only
(B) a and d only
(C) a, b and c only
(D) a, b and d only
33. Making decisions by the use of mental short cuts that focus on one aspect of a
problem, while ignoring others refers to which one of the following?
(A)Framing
(B) Belief perseverance
(C) Heuristics
(D)Mental set
Making decisions by the use of mental short cuts that focus on one aspect of a
problem, while ignoring others refers to which one of the following?
(A)Framing
(B) Belief perseverance
(C) Heuristics
(D)Mental set
34. Which of the following is correct about cognitive perspective?
(a) Thinking and understanding about the world
(b) Information processing
(c) Overt behaviour only
(d) Similarity of thinking and working of a computer
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(A) (a) and (d) only
(B) (c) and (d) only
(C) (a), (b) and (d) only
(D) (a) and (b) only
Which of the following is correct about cognitive perspective?
(a) Thinking and understanding about the world
(b) Information processing
(c) Overt behaviour only
(d) Similarity of thinking and working of a computer
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(A) (a) and (d) only
(B) (c) and (d) only
(C) (a), (b) and (d) only
(D) (a) and (b) only
35. Gardner's theory of intelligence posits that a person who is introspective, self-
reflective, understands the strengths and weaknesses tends to have higher level of
________.
(A) Intrapersonal intelligence
(B) Naturalist intelligence
(C) Interpersonal intelligence
(D) Linguistic intelligence
Gardner's theory of intelligence posits that a person who is introspective, self-
reflective, understands the strengths and weaknesses tends to have higher level of
________.
(A) Intrapersonal intelligence
(B) Naturalist intelligence
(C) Interpersonal intelligence
(D) Linguistic intelligence
36. Crystallized intelligence includes __________.
(A) Learned knowledge and skills
(B) Novel ideas
(C) Divergent thinking
(D) Emotional Skills
(A) Learned knowledge and skills
37. The linguistic relativity hypothesis states that
(A) Language depends on thought processes.
(B) Thinking is shaped by language.
(C) Language and thought follow independent pathways of development.
(D) Language and thought are related in an interdependent fashion.
The linguistic relativity hypothesis states that
(A) Language depends on thought processes.
(B) Thinking is shaped by language.
(C) Language and thought follow independent pathways of development.
(D) Language and thought are related in an interdependent fashion.
38. Making a reference to a respected person believed to be well informed, when
one's own logic or reasoning is called:
(A) Arguing in circles
(B) False Analogy
(C) Appeal to authority
(D) Overgeneralization
Making a reference to a respected person believed to be well informed, when one's
own logic or reasoning is called:
(A) Arguing in circles
(B) False Analogy
(C) Appeal to authority
(D) Overgeneralization