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Grammar Review - Sentence Types

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Grammar Review - Sentence Types

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tammynguyenenglish
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REVIEW – TYPES OF THE SENTENCES

Exercise 1: Is the following sentence a Simple sentence or a Compound


sentence?
1. Mrs. Musto and Mrs. Gambler ate an entire pizza during lunch.
2. I decided I really wanted to eat a pumpkin muffin, so I drove to the store to buy
one.
3. I went surfing during my summer vacation to California.
4. The amazing sprinter ran and jumped during his big race.
5. The second place prize is three hundred dollars, and the third place prize is one
hundred dollars.

Exercise 2: Is it a Complex sentence?


1. Because it wasn't cold enough, our snowman melted right away.
2. Morgan and Riley plan to enter their robot in an engineering competition.
3. If they place first, they might win five hundred dollars.
4. Morgan and Riley cannot wait until it is time for the competition.
5. When the competition is over, Rowdy will be kept in Mr. Blake's science class.

Exercise 3: Is the following clause Independent or Dependent?


1. Because I lost the big game last night.
2. It is important to study each and every night.
3. yet she was up early this morning
4. so you should know it!
5. After we learn the last type of sentence.

Exercise 4: Which is the best way to combine the following sentences?


1. The music is so loud. The loud music makes it difficult to talk.
A. Unless the music is loud, it is difficult to talk.
B. When the music is loud, it is difficult to talk.
C. The music is loud, and it is difficult to talk.
D. Although the music is loud, it is difficult to talk.
2. My parents are strict. My parents are loving.
A. As long as my parents are strict, they are loving.
B. While my parents are strict, my parents are loving.
C. My parents are strict yet loving.
D. My parents are strict for they are loving.

3. The play was cancelled. Half of the cast had strep throat.
A. The play was cancelled because half of the cast had strep threat
B. The play was cancelled, and half of the cost had strep throat
C. The play was cancelied so half of the cast had step throat
D. After the play was cancelled, half of the cast had strep throat

4. Do you want to name the puppy Olaf? Do you want to name the puppy Reggie?
A. Even though you want to name the puppy Olaf, you want to name him
Reggie.
B. Do you want to name the puppy Waf because his name is Reggie?
C. Do you want to name the puppy Olaf or Reggie?
D. So that you want to name the puppy Olaf, we will name him Regge

5. You can go to the concert with me. You have to be quiet.


A. You can go to the concert with me, but you have to be quiet.
B. As long as you go to the concert, you have to be quiet.
C. You can go to the concert with me, so you have to be quiet.
D. You can go to the concert with me whether you are quiet.
Unit
92 Relative clauses 1: clauses with who/that/which
A Study this example situation:
Last week we had a party and a lot of people came. Everybody enjoyed it.
Everybody who came to the party enjoyed it.
relative clause

A clause is a part of a sentence. A relative clause tells us which person or thing (or what kind of
person or thing) the speaker means:
the woman who lives next door to me
(‘who lives next door to me’ tells us which woman)
people who complain all the time
(‘who complain all the time’ tells us what kind of people)
We use who in a relative clause for people (not things):
The woman who lives next door to me is a doctor.
I don’t like people who complain all the time.
An architect is someone who designs buildings.
What was the name of the person who called?
Do you know anyone who wants to buy a car?
We also use that for people, but not which:
The woman that lives next door to me is a doctor. (not the woman which)
Sometimes you must use who (not that) for people – see Unit 95.

B When we are talking about things, we use that or which (not who) in a relative clause:
I don’t like stories that have unhappy endings.
or … stories which have unhappy endings.
Grace works for a company that makes furniture.
or … a company which makes furniture.
The machine that broke down is working again now.
or The machine which broke down …
In these examples that is more usual than which, but sometimes you must use which. See Unit 95.

C In relative clauses we use who/that/which, not he/she/they/it.


Compare:
I met a Canadian woman at the party. She is an English teacher. (2 sentences)
I met a Canadian woman who is an English teacher. (1 sentence)
I can’t find the keys. They were on the table.
Where are the keys that were on the table? (not the keys they were)

D What = the thing(s) that


Compare what and that:
What happened was my fault. (= the thing that happened)
but
Everything that happened was my fault.
(not Everything what happened)
The machine that broke down is now working again.
(not The machine what broke down)

184 Relative clauses 2–5 ➜ Units 93–96


Unit
Exercises 92
92.1 What do these words mean? Choose from the box and write sentences with who.
steals from a shop buys something from a shop
designs buildings pays rent to live somewhere
doesn’t tell the truth breaks into a house to steal things
is not brave expects the worst to happen

1 (an architect) An architect is someone who designs buildings.


2 (a customer)
3 (a burglar)
4 (a coward)
5 (a tenant)
6 (a shoplifter)
7 (a liar)
8 (a pessimist)

92.2 Make one sentence from two. Use who/that/which.


1 A girl was injured in the accident. She is now in hospital.
The girl who was injured in the accident is now in hospital.
2 A waiter served us. He was impolite and impatient.
The
3 A building was destroyed in the fire. It has now been rebuilt.
The
4 Some people were arrested. They have now been released.
The
5 A bus goes to the airport. It runs every half hour.
The

92.3 Complete the sentences. Choose from the box and use who/that/which.
happened in the past makes furniture
runs away from home can support life
cannot be explained has stayed there
developed the theory of relativity were hanging on the wall

1 Helen works for a company that makes furniture .


2 The movie is about a girl .
3 What happened to the pictures ?
4 A mystery is something .
5 I’ve heard it’s a good hotel, but I don’t know anyone .
6 History is the study of things .
7 Albert Einstein was the scientist .
8 It seems that Earth is the only planet .

92.4 Are these sentences right or wrong? Correct them where necessary.
1 I don’t like stories who have unhappy endings. stories that have
2 What was the name of the person who phoned? OK
3 Where’s the nearest shop who sells bread?
4 Dan said some things about me they were not true.
5 The driver which caused the accident was fined £500.
6 Do you know the person that took these pictures?
7 We live in a world what is changing all the time.
8 Gary apologised for what he said.
9 What was the name of the horse what won the race?

185

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