ISM KE AQSAAM

Ism ke 4 Aqsaam hain:

Wus’at (‫)وسعت‬ Jins (‫)جنس‬ Adad (‫)عدد‬ E’raab (‫)اعراب‬

 WUSAT (CAPACITY)

Noun ‫اِسم‬

Definite Indefinite

The House ُ‫ا َ ْلب َ ْيت‬ A House ‫َب ْيت‬

The Book ‫ا َ ْل ِكت َاب‬ A Book ‫ِكتَاب‬
The Pen ‫ا ْلقَل َ ُم‬ A Pen ‫قَلَم‬
The Camel ‫ا َ ْل َج َمل‬ A Camel ‫َج َمل‬
 ‫‪Definite Noun‬‬ ‫‪Indefinite Noun‬‬
‫‪Indefinite Noun‬‬

‫‪The House‬‬ ‫ا َ ْلب َ ْيتُ‬ ‫ا َ ْل ‪ +‬بَ ْيتُ‬ ‫‪A House‬‬ ‫بَ ْيت‬
‫اب‬
‫َب ُ‬ ‫‪The Book‬‬
‫ا َ ْل ِكت َ ُ‬
‫اب‬ ‫ا َ ْل ‪ِ +‬كت َ ُ‬
‫اب‬ ‫‪A Book‬‬ ‫ِكت َاب‬
‫‪The Pen‬‬ ‫ا ْلقَل َ ُم‬ ‫ا َ ْل ‪ +‬قَلَ ُم‬ ‫‪A Pen‬‬ ‫قَلَم‬
‫َباب‬ ‫‪The Camel‬‬ ‫ا َ ْل َج َمل‬ ‫ا َ ْل ‪َ +‬ج َم ُل‬ ‫‪A Camel‬‬ ‫َج َمل‬

‫‪Definite Noun‬‬
‫ا َ ْلب َ ْيتُ‬ ‫ا َ ْل ‪ +‬بَ ْيتُ‬ ‫بَ ْيت‬
‫ا َ ْل َب ُ‬
‫اب‬
‫ا َ ْل ِكت َ ُ‬
‫اب‬ ‫ا َ ْل ‪ِ +‬كت َ ُ‬
‫اب‬ ‫ِكت َاب‬
‫ا َ ْل َباب‬ ‫ا ْلقَل َ ُم‬ ‫ا َ ْل ‪ +‬قَلَ ُم‬ ‫قَلَم‬
 WUSAT (CAPACITY)
❖ Har Ism nakirah hota hai jab tak uska Ma’rifah hona sabit na ho.

❖ MA’RIFAH KI ALAMATEIN

❖ ISKI SAAT 7 ALAMATEIN HAIN:

1. ISM-E-AALAM: khaas cheez shaks jagah ka naam

❖ • Eg: Zaid, Fatima, Makkah, Jahannum, Jannat

2. ISM-E-ZAMAER: ism ki jagah istemaal hone wale harf

❖ • Eg: zamaer ka istemaal karna

❖ ‫ھو ھي انت انا نحن‬

 3. ISM-E-ISHARAH: kisi ki taraf isharah karne wala hurf

❖ • Eg: ISM-E-ISHARAH ‫ھذا ذلک تلک ھذه‬

4. Ism-e-mausool:urdu me jo, jis keliye istemaal hone wala harf

❖ • Eg: ‫التي الذين الذي‬

5. MUARRAF-BIL-LAAM: ‫ ا ل‬Lagane se

❖ ‫ ا ل‬Daakhil karne se wo ism marefah banjayega

❖ • Eg: ‫الكتاب القلم‬

 6.MUZAAF–ILAL MA’RiFAH: Kisi ma’rifah ism ki taraf nisbat diya hua

❖ • Eg: ‫( كتاب زيد‬Zaid ki kitab)

❖ Zaid ek ism hai aur uski nisbat kitab ki taraf ki gayi hai jis ki wajah se kitab
ek marefah bangaya.

7.MUNAADA: Jisko bulaya jaye (‫ )يا‬dakhil karne se

❖ • Eg: ‫( يا هللا‬Aye Allah)

❖ Harf-e-nida yani ke (‫ )يا‬jo kisi ko bulane keliye istemaal hota hai uska
istemaal karne se wo ism ma’rifah hojata hai.
 JINS )‫(جنس‬
❖ Jins ke lihaaz se Ism ki 2 Qismein hain: 1.Muzakkar 2.Mu’annas

❖ Har Ism Muzakkar hoga jab tak uska Mu’annas hona sabit na
hojayega.

❖ Mu’annas ki 2 Qismein hain:

1. MU’ANNAS HAQEEQI:
Wo jis ke muqabile me koi Muzakkar ho. Jaise: ‫ام‬, ‫اخت‬

2. MU’ANNAS LAFZI:
Wo jo mu’annas ke taur par istemaal kiya jata hai. Jaise: ‫شمس‬
 MU’ANNAS LAFZI KE AQSAAM
1. MU’ANNAS QAYASI ALAMATI 2. MU’ANNAS SAMAYI

❖ Wo jis me Mu’annas ki alaamat ❖ Wo lafz jise ahle zubaan Mu’annas maante hai.
payi jaye. ❖ MUANNAS SAMAYI KE AQSAAM
❖ MU’ANNAS QAYASI KE AQSAAM: ❖ Muannas samayi ke kuch aqsaam:
❖ Mu’annas ki alamatein

❖ hawaon ke naam
❖ (‫ )ة‬Taa-e-Marbutah
❖ sharaab ke naam
❖ (‫ )اء‬Alif Mamdudah
❖ aag ke naam
❖ (‫ )ى‬Alif Maqsurah
❖ jism ke wo a’azaa jo 2 hain
❖ mutafarriq asma
 MUZAKKAR AUR MU’ANNAS KI PAHCHAN

MU’ANNAS KE NAAM TAA (‫ )ة‬SE KHATAM HOTE HAI

ُ ‫َخ ِد ْي َجة‬ ُ‫شة‬

َ ‫عَا ِئ‬ ُ‫آمنَة‬
ِ ُ َ‫َزيْن‬
‫ب‬

❑ Khawateen ke naam Tanween (Double sign) ko Accept nahi karte.

❑ Khawateem ke naam sirf Harakat (vowel sign) ko Accept karte hai

❑ Mardon ke naam Tanween ko Accept karte hai.

Feminine Names Feminine Nouns Masculine Names

‫آمنَة‬
ِ ُ‫آمنَة‬
ِ ‫سيَّا َرة‬
َ ِ ‫يَا‬
‫سر‬
‫َزيْنَب‬ ُ َ‫َزيْن‬
‫ب‬ ‫ساعَة‬
َ ‫َحا ِمد‬
 MUZAKKAR AUR MU’ANNAS
MASCULINE NAME VS FEMININE NAME

Can you spot the difference?

MASCULINE NAME FEMININE NAME

ُ‫اط َمة‬
ِ َ‫ف‬ ‫ُم َح َّمد‬
ُ َ‫َزيْن‬
‫ب‬ ‫سر‬ ِ ‫يَا‬
ُ‫آمنَة‬
ِ ‫َحا ِمد‬
‫َم ْريَ ُم‬ ‫َخا ِلد‬
ُ‫شة‬
َ ِ‫عَائ‬ ‫ع َّمار‬
َ
ُ‫ُرقَ َّية‬ ‫ع ِل‬
َ
ُ ‫َخ ِد ْي َجة‬ ‫س ِع ْيد‬
َ
 GENDER INTRODUCTION
❖ All nouns in Arabic are either masculine or feminine

❑ Usually a masculine noun can be changed to a

feminine, by:

1. Adding a ‫( ة‬closed ta - ‫ )التاء المربوطة‬at the end and, ‫ُمد َِرس‬ َ ‫ُمد َِر‬
‫سة‬

2. Putting a ‫( فتحة‬fatha) on the letter before ‫ة‬ ‫َطا ِلب‬ ‫َطا ِلبَة‬
‫اِ ْبن‬ ‫ِب ْنت‬
Two feminine nouns with a ‫( ت‬open ta- ‫ التاء المف توحة‬ending
‫اَخ‬ ‫ا ُ ْخت‬
Not all feminine nouns have a ‫ ة‬or ‫ ت‬ending ‫اُم‬ ‫ش ْمس‬
َ

Not all nouns ending with a ‫ ة‬or ‫ ت‬are feminine ‫َح ْم َزة‬ ‫بَ ْيت‬
GENDER OF BODY MEMBERS

Single members are Double members are

usually masculine usually feminine

‫َرأْس‬ (Head) ‫َيد‬ (Hand)

‫أ َ ْنف‬ (Nose) ‫عيْن‬

َ (Eye)

‫فَم‬ (Mouth) ‫ِر ْجل‬ (Leg)

‫َو ْجه‬ (Face) ‫أُذُن‬ (Ear)