Data Science

Interview
Preparation
Data Science
Life Cycle
DBMS Gathering data,
cleansing data,
summarizing data and
analyzing data

Model Data
Deployment Visualization
Once Model is finalized, Data Insights and the
deploy this to production & pattern analysis to be
track performances and presented in more
reporting descriptive manner

Deep learning Predictive

and AI Modeling
Using pattern analysis can
predict the future
outcomes using
Develop actionable insights
through automated Machine Predictive modeling or
Advanced analytics
process of using ML and AI
techniques
Learning
https://towardsdatascience.com/data-science-life-cycle-101-for-dummies-like-me-e66b47ad8d8f
Q & A to a Data Scientist

1. What is happening to my business

2. Am I profitable. If not, why?
3. Can you get, why it is happening
4. What will happen to our future progress
5. Do you have any recommendation
6. How to implement it to a success
 Data Science Project

Team-1 Team-2 Team-3 Team-4

Using insights and patterns predict the future outcomes and develop automated actions
Data management and data governance Data analysis and Model validation and
Reporting Deployment

Data and Information MIS and Reporting Team Modeling Team Data Engineers
Management Team
How data gets generated?
Data gets generated both online and offline. Lets do understand from the below examples
Online ticket bookings

DataMart-1 Platform DBMS and Reporting and

OLTP ETL Data Mining Visualization
Platform
Platform

DataMart-2
Billing at stores Data gets generated from both online and
offline data entry. Unix is the
planform where
Here is an example of getting online data
data stores from
through ticket booking using Yatra.com,
database servers
Retail billing at super market, Telecom
as metadata form
usage data using IN database server and
also by manual entries.
Data gets generated stores into database
Telecom usage server
data at the backend.
Database server could be Oracle, SQL
server or
many DataMart-1
Platform
ETL
OLTP
DataMart-2
Manual data Unix is the
planform where
entry data stores from
database servers
as metadata form
Data Science Skills and Applications

DBMS Programming Skills Data Visualization Skills

Data Mining Skills

Companies and Industry
Classifications
Banking (BFSI) Retail

Service Base
Company

Telecom
Companies and Data Scientist
Responsibilities
Responsibilities:
 We are looking for experienced analytics professional, who can handle commercial Desired Profile:
analytics projects, specifically marketing mix, customer and brand performance  Proficiency in handling small and large datasets through Excel/VBA, MS Access /
analytics projects with proficiency. SQL Server, SAS/Python
 Candidate should be able to leverage various technology platforms (R/Python) and  Experience required 8-12 Years
statistical / data science packages expertise to deliver a variety of analytics projects  Knowledge of handling data from Web analytics platforms like Google / Adobe
 Types of advanced analytics problems may include: Analytics and marketing automation platforms like Marketo, Adobe etc. Will be a
o Promotion Response & Marketing Mix Modeling plus, if experience in data visualization platforms like Tableau, Power BI
o Customer Segmentation – basic and advanced methodologies  Knowledge of statistics and ability to run predictive / machine learning
o ROI / m-ROI / Impact analytics models in R/Python/SAS
o Marketing Mix Optimization  Ability to automate dashboards / processes per client requirements in Excel /
o Scenario building and recommendations PPT or other platforms
 Create realistic and actionable metrics for marketing, brand and digital ops  Ability to perform advance analytics analyses such as, regression analysis,
managers, including collation and delivery of brand, sales and marketing activity KPI clustering (K-Mean, Random forest, Deciling etc.), time series modeling etc.
reports  Experience in pharmaceutical/retail commercial analytics
 Knowledge of digital / web and campaign analytics tracking is preferable Deliver
projects end-to-end, from requirements gathering / understanding to project
planning to project delivery and recommendations, with appropriate guidance from
senior managers
 Lead client communication, providing clients with periodic updates and insights /
recommendations through appropriate channels (conference calls / emails)
 Proactively communicate, internally and externally with senior stakeholders within
the team, ensuring that any issues / concerns are handled in a timely manner
 Provide technical and business leadership/ mentorship to junior team members;
groom them for additional responsibilities
 Handle small and large datasets on projects efficiently and figure out the right
technology to use for processing the data (e.g. Excel/VBA, SQL, SAS, Python
etc.) and delivering the analyses (Excel/VBA, R, Python, SAS). Be a champion on
analytics technologies within the team.
 Develop expertise in pharmaceutical datasets and be a champion within the team
 Meaningfully communicate insights and information to a broad group of stakeholders
through excellent oral and written communication
 Prior experience in Pharma and/or Retail domain is preferable
Companies and Data Scientist
Responsibilities Job Description :
 Strong understanding of Credit analysis and policies. Good understanding of Risk
Management principles.
 Sound statistical knowledge in standard techniques: Logistic Regression, Accountable for managing the end-to-end development and ongoing delivery of marketing
Classification models, Cluster Analysis, Neural Networks, Random measurement analysis & tracking reports for all regional and country campaigns
Forests, Ensembles, etc. Work closely with the Big Data Implementation, product, Business Analysis & Insights, and
 Familiarity with database technologies and tools (SQL/R/SAS/Python etc.), data modeling teams to understand pipeline of new campaign launch, and ensure tracking of these
transformation and processing. Work experience with real data for customer insights, campaigns
business and market analysis will be advantageous.
Enable the transformation of the campaign tracking function to bring more analytical rigor
 Experience with a visualization tool such as Tableau, Spotfire, Power BI, etc.
 A passion for helping organizations understand how to solve problems through including but not restricted to working closely with the analytics leaders to ensure
analytics appropriate Test-control set-up is in place for tracking new campaigns
 Ability to manage simultaneous tasks in a fast-paced, technology-oriented Recommend strategic changes in marketing execution, and influence key stakeholders
environment towards improving marketing outcomes
 Has problem solving skills and attention to details
 Good analytical, communications and interpersonal skill The ideal candidate would have:
 Ability to cope under stress Excellent marketing ecosystem & commercial awareness
 Proficiency in use of MS Word, Excel, PowerPoint and MS office tools
Depth of expertise in marketing analytics, especially related to marketing campaigns tracking,
 Possesses excellent written and oral communication skills
 Has the ability to deliver results by influencing team members Design of Experiments & attribution
 Develop and enhance the Credit Risk Modeling & Monitoring framework which meets Ability to influence stakeholders through coherent and clear presentation & communication
the requirements of various external & internal stakeholders. Ensure timely and skills
accurate delivery of Credit Risk models / reports. Interpret the information and Extensive knowledge of analytics/reporting tools (e.g. Google Analytics, Adobe Analytics,
suggest actions for consideration by Senior Management etc.), Excel, query languages such as SQL, and programming languages such as Python and R
 Perform pro-active on-going credit monitoring and risk management at customer as Extensive experience with A/B and multivariate testing.
well as portfolio level
Knowledge of / experience with multi-channel and cross-channel attribution
 Ensure on-going compliance with regulatory requirements.
 Communicating findings to stakeholders and providing recommendations Experience with in-depth marketing analytics and problem solving, ability to think
to business for improving business performance. Ensure that data and analysis strategically while being detail and execution-oriented, and success in managing competing
is presented in a format that is appropriate for a varied audience using data priorities Expertise in creating and driving quantifiable metrics/KPIs and leverage consumer
visualization, dashboards, or other methods. data to find quality customers to acquire, engage, retain and reactivate through various
 Utilize strong database skills to work with large, complex data sets to marketing channels
extract insights Hands-on experience of working with marketing and digital data and combining them with
 Flexible to cater to global teams
sales funnel data (Salesforce, Marketo) and Adtech/Martech
8-11 years of experience in marketing analytics roles with exposure of working in financial
services
Strong Knowledge of marketing analytics techniques & platforms including digital tools such as
Companies and Data Scientist
Responsibilities
Job Description :
Job Description :
Hands-on experience of working with marketing and digital data and combining
Accountable for managing the end-to-end development and ongoing delivery of them with sales funnel data (Salesforce, Marketo) and Adtech/Martech
marketing measurement analysis & tracking reports for all regional and 8-11 years of experience in marketing analytics roles with exposure of working in
country campaigns financial services
Work closely with the Big Data Implementation, product, Business Analysis & Strong Knowledge of marketing analytics techniques & platforms including digital
Insights, and modeling teams to understand pipeline of new campaign launch, and tools such as Adobe site catalyst, SAS & SQL
ensure tracking of these campaigns
2-3 years of experience in leading 5+ member teams and proven ability to manage
Enable the transformation of the campaign tracking function to bring more
cross functional projects
analytical rigor including but not restricted to working closely with the analytics
leaders to ensure appropriate Test-control set-up is in place for tracking new
campaigns
Recommend strategic changes in marketing execution, and influence key
stakeholders towards improving marketing outcomes

The ideal candidate would have:

Excellent marketing ecosystem & commercial awareness
Depth of expertise in marketing analytics, especially related to marketing
campaigns tracking, Design of Experiments & attribution
Ability to influence stakeholders through coherent and clear presentation &
communication skills
Extensive knowledge of analytics/reporting tools (e.g. Google Analytics, Adobe
Analytics, etc.), Excel, query languages such as SQL, and programming
languages such as Python and R
Extensive experience with A/B and multivariate testing.
Knowledge of / experience with multi-channel and cross-channel attribution
Experience with in-depth marketing analytics and problem solving, ability to think
strategically while being detail and execution-oriented, and success in managing
competing priorities
Expertise in creating and driving quantifiable metrics/KPIs and leverage
consumer data to find quality customers to acquire, engage, retain and
reactivate through various marketing channels
Data Science Resume
Interview Process
How to answer consultant or HR call when
you receive after resume update
Hi this is Ramya from ABC consulting an executive Hi You are talking to Manas
research
firm. Am I taking to Manas?.

Hi Manas, I have a job opportunity with my client for

Yes, I am
Sr.Data Analyst position in Bangalore. Are you looking for a
change?

Thanks Manas. My client is looking Sr.Data analyst with

strong DBMS and Reporting background having strong hold in Yes, I will
SQL and SAS Programming along with data visualization skills
like Tableau and Power BI. Would you be interested to apply
for this?
Cont…..

Manas, could you please brief me about your profile Manas will take him/her
through his experience

Ok Manas, I will forward your resume to the hiring

Sure. Thanks
manager and if it gets shortlisted will update you the next
step

Once resume get shortlisted HR will call and request for your
available time. Base on which he/she will schedule a
meeting and will give the mail confirmation or message
confirmation
Further question to be answered
2. How to start your introduction
3. How to answer your salary or compensation breakup
4. How to answer your Organization's Hierarchy
5. How to answer your reason for a change
6. How to answer where do you want to 5 years down the line
7. How to answer your project management skill
8. How to answer your team conflict questions
9. How to answer your notice period
10. How to answer your salary expectations
11. How to answer a stress questions on your ability to
overcome past performance
 Fresher 1-5 YOE 5+ YOE
1. Your Name 1. Start with number of year 1. Start with number of year
2. Highest Qualification of experience of experience
3. Your Internship 2. Highest Qualification 2. Highest Qualification
4. Your Project Details 3. Your Current skills set 3. Your Current skills set
5. Skills been used 4. Your Current company and 4. Your Current company
6. Your aspiration Project and Project
7. Your preparation 5. Project details along with 5. Project details along with
technical skills in the end technical skills in the end
6. If require go to previous 6. People Management
Experience and Project
Management in brief
7. If require go to previous
Experience
 How to manage
your introduction
Transforming
you
for [D]ata
[S]cience
Interview
 Transforming you

Start with your name

Number of years pf Experience
Highest educational
qualification Current
organisation and the project
(Choose project which you are confident)
Prior to experience companies if any
End with your Technical and Functional Skills
Step-1 Start with your name , years of experience and
educational background Transforming you
My name is Rakesh Sahoo and I am having 5 years of experience in data science. I do have my
highest
qualification in MBA (IT).

Step-2 About your company and past experience if any, along with responsibilities
Currently I am working with XYZ company as a data analytics consultant into Banking Credit
Risk/ Retail Marketing Analytics domain. Prior to this I was working with XYZ company as an
analytics consultant into Telecom/Retail/Banking as domain experience. In my current role I
am working on project-1, project-2.
Explain objective of the project, how do you solve it and who are the stakeholders (limit this up
to 45-60 seconds). Select the project which you are confident and explain what is your day to
day job. Also explain about previous experience projects if that relates to the current company
you are interviewing for
Remember - Do not speak everything you know and everything you have done for. Let the interviewer ask question & you should use your knowledge of
the project to answer those questions. If you tell everything upfront, interviewer has nothing left to ask & he ends up asking difficult / complex questions

Step-3 In the end explain the technical skills you are using from completing your day to day job
and automation process if any
In my current role I have been involved almost 80% into technical 20 % into functional. In order to
accomplish technical skills I do use
1. Data management programming in SAS/VBA/SQL/R/Python
2. Data Insights and presentation using Advanced Data Visualization application like Tableau/Qliksense/Power BI
3. Data Mining using SAS/R/Python
Ex:1 Transforming you
Hi my name is Rakesh Sahoo and I am having 5 years of experience in data science. Currently I
am working with XYZ company as an analytics consultant and my role is aligned to Credit Risk
reporting and strategy building for customer acquisition and portfolio monitoring. Prior to this I
was working for XYZ company into Retail Analytics domain and my responsibility was to prepare
customer and product analytical insights for go to market strategy building and customer
acquisition and retention analysis over time

In order to accomplish this responsibility I am involved 80% technically and 20% functionally. In
my technical skills I use

• Database Management programming from data processing to data model designing and
automation in
SAS/SQL/R/Python/VBA/Bigdata framework
• Data Insights and presentation using advanced data visualization application like
Excel/Tableau/Power
BI/Qliksense
• Data Mining for strategy building using predictive modelling and machine learning
techniques using SAS/R/Python
Ex:2 Transforming you
Hi This is Rahul Kesari and I got around 5 years of experience in data analytics. I have worked
across Telecom, Banking Credit risk analytics domain and currently I am working with Wipro as an
analytics consultants into credit risk analytics. I have got hands on experience in DBMS reporting
using EXCEL,VBA,SAS,SQL and R and equally good in Data Visualization using Qlikview, Qliksense
and Tableau

My expertise in managing large database system and developing complex data model design to
support regular and Adhoc data analysis and reporting. Also developed data insights using
advanced data visualization tools like Excel, Tableau , Qlikview and Qliksense.

In my current role I am working on Banking Credit Risk Analytics and my responsibility to

provide data analysis in risk associated to portfolios and existing customer base. Prepare
periodic reports and strategy development for risk monitoring

If they ask you further to explain your current role or previous , then give your full explanation
 Why
[D]ata [S]cience
Transforming
you as a career
change
 Transforming you

Data Science is a field where we get an exposure to learn

- DBMS skills to identify from data management and analysis of what is happening to my business
- Data Visualization skills to present insights of why it is happening to my business
and finally
- Data Mining skills to learn from past pattern to predict future outcomes of what will happen and
based on
which we will create an action using Machine learning and AI approaches

In this skill no industry/no domain constraint and more over it is an evolving logical approach which
eventually
leads to a decision making support. Hence having this skills, I prefer to see a good progressive
career in
 How to Rate
Transforming
your [D]ata
you
[S]cience
Technical Skills
 Transforming you
Step-1 Never rate 9 or 10 out of 10
Always see your strong area and ask yourself how much confident you are. If you feel you are 70% confident say
7 out of 10.
If you get further question like why 7 why not 10. Say it’s a learning process and I am still confident what I have
learnt and used till date. However, I would request if you can ask certain questions and get my confidence level

Step-2 How to rate by each technical skills

Rate yourself starting with your strength area like
If you are strong in this sequence Excel, SQL, SAS, Python, VBA and R

Rate
Excel- 8 out of 10
SQL- 8 out of 10
SAS- 8 out of 10
Python- 7 out of 10
R- 6 out of 10
VBA- 6 out of 10

Always start with your strength and ends with weakness

 How to
answer
about your
Transforming you

Organisation
al hierarchy
Step-1 Understand how data
analytics team hierarchy in Transforming you

your organisation AVP

(7-10 YOE)
Director
(15-20 YOE)

Manager Sr. Manager VP-Head

Director (15-20 YOE)
(5-7 YOE) (7-10 YOE) (13-18 YOE)

Asst. Manager (3-5 YOE)

VP
(10-15 YOE)

Analyst
(0-3 YOE)
 How many
members are
there in your
Transforming
you

team. Whom do
you report?
 Transforming you
My team is mix of analysts, asst-managers, managers and we report to our AVP and AVP reports to
our VP
Next questions

Who does present your analysis and work?

Ans- I do present my analysis and work to my AVP, VP and offshore business partners

How often you speak to your offshore team?

Ans- We used to have a call on Monday about the week target and then on Thursday about the
week status
with offshore partner
Sometimes if we have any Adhoc request comes we do instant meeting with partners

How do you manage your errors?

Ans- Yes, when I joined I used to work on all reports and first send this to my manager for
review and then send it to offshore partners. Though I have spent quite a time now and I do
take care of quality and error free reporting to partners directly
 How to explain
about your
Transforming you
data
processing
steps into
analytics
solution
How data gets generated?
Data gets generated both online and offline. Lets do understand from the Transforming you
below examples
Online ticket bookings Platform
DBMS and Reporting and
OLTP ETL DataMart-1 Data Mining Visualization
Platform Platform

DataMart-2
Billing at stores Data gets generated from both online and
offline data entry. Unix is the
planform where
Here is an example of getting online data
data stores from
through ticket booking using Yatra.com,
database servers
Retail billing at super market, Telecom
as metadata form
usage data using IN database server and
also by manual entries.
Data gets generated stores into database
Telecom usage server
data at the backend.
Database server could be Oracle, SQL
server or
many DataMart-1 Platform
ETL
OLTP

Manual data DataMart-2

Unix is the planform where data stores from database servers as metadata form
entry
 How to answer
Transforming
you
your instability in
your job
Step-1 Start with your realization Transforming you

If you have a quick jump in job in the past and you have recently applied for this job change,
definitely the
interviewer will be sceptical about your position and

stability If you get a question on your instability

Ans politely

Yes, I am aware of this and I have realized the importance of job stability. I made few changes
in job due to certain circumstances and also some mis-match to my skillset before. Hence, I
have all prepared to see my stability for long in my current change

Step-2 Winning confidence of the interviewer

After giving above explanation also sometimes interviewer may not satisfy ,so apply next step of
explaining about the current role and what you have done research about the current company
which you have been interviewing for. Bring confidence that current role satisfaction and
commitment for stability in this role and how confident you are
 How to explain
your Fix and
Variables in
Transforming
you

current
compensation
Remember CTC (Cost to company) as the whole package of
your salary Transforming you
EX:
Your CTC is 10,00,000 and it may includes a variable or may
not

What is Variable?
It’s the bonus amount that company provides you in the year end and half yearly. Bonus varies
based on your
performance and company financial performance

If I say my salary is 10,00,000 and its all fixed. That means I get bonus extra over 10,00,000
CTC and most of the company now a days they give CTC as fix and do provide extra bonus
over it.

How a salary is break down to take home ?

1. CTC is 10,00,000
2. From CTC company will deduct the PF from employer and employee contribution (ex. PF
contribution is 4000 pm from employee, then it would be the same to employer as well. So
total PF deduction from your salary will be 8000 pm and annually 96000). This amount
deducts from your CTC
3. Gratuity is another component of 4% of basic and will come around 40000 annually to
deduct from your CTC
4. Your take home salary will be 1000000-96000(PF)- 40000 (Gratuity annually)-
72000Tax (on rest balance)=7,92,000/12 pm take home salary of (66,000)- Tax
 How to answer
Transforming
how much you are
expecting
you
If you are looking for a change in 1 year or Transforming you

less
Never negotiate salary and simply say as per company standard. If consultant asks to give a figure
in mind.
Though you are looking for a change in short experience , you can always go with company
standard

If you are looking for a change in 1-2 years in the current

company experience
Never negotiate salary and simply say as per company standard. If consultant asks to give a figure
in mind.
Say, you need 30-40% hike

If the company is big and you are aware of their pay scale, never negotiate salary and
simply say as per company standard. If consultant asks to give a figure in mind. say,
number of years of experience and multiply into 2.5 lacs and say that or 50-70% hike
which ever is less
Next question- Are you holding any offer?
Say, as of now I started looking for opportunities and few interviews are in final discussions. Never
disclose
company name unless HR asks who are they
 How to answer
what was your last
rating and what
Transforming
you

does your
manager advice
 Transforming you
In my Organization rating based on 2 aspects
1. Behavioral
2. Performance

In Behavioral I was rated the Top

In Performance I was rated Strong

My manager suggested me to have cross functional activity to create my visibility

 How to How
Transforming
you soon you
can join
 Transforming you

As per my company I need to serve 3 months/ 2 months notice period. However, I can talk
to my manager if he can leave me early

Just in case, company looks immediate join

Say, my project is finished and I am waiting for a new project to be in. I can talk to my
manager for early relieve

Never give any confirmed date. Always say I will speak to my manager and let you know
 How to explain
Transforming
your [D]ata
you
[S]cience Projects
 Transforming you
Explain the project objective and the problem area (Define the goal)
Explain step by step data analysis process (Data gathering and cleaning)
 Starting from sourcing data files to analysis and insights generation(Data
Visualization) What variables were included in data set and what was the target
variable
What features you used in building your base model and how you improved model
accuracy by adding new features
What algorithm you used, how you tuned the parameters of algorithm (in case having if any)
What was your strategy while solving the
problem How much accuracy you achieved
Presentation (whom did you present)
 [K]ey [P]oints
Transforming you
 Transforming you

Try to think of simple answers to any questions asked

If you are not able to answer, tell that "I am aware of this, but not able solve this or recollect this
right
now"
Never SAY "I DONT KNOW" unless its a completely ALIEN topic you are asked a question on
Always ask back question if you are not able to understand the Interviewer's
question Try to use an example to explain answers wherever possible
At the end of the interview, spend 1-2 mins to ask back questions on the role, give your opinion
on what
you think this role you think should be and how you can bring value to this role.

NEVER LEAVE without asking a question

Transforming you
Hope this helps