Q. 2.

Find the class marks of the classes 15 – 35 and 160-165 10

45 – 60. A [CBSE OD Set-II, 2020]
15 + 35 165-170 8
Sol. Class mark of 15 – 35 =
2 170-175 9
50 175-180 5
= = 25 ½
2 Find the upper limit of the median class in the
45 + 60 given data. A [CBSE SQP 2020-21]
and Class mark of 45 – 60 =
2 Sol.
105
= = 52.5. ½ Heights No. of Cumulative
2
(in cm) students frequency
Q. 3. Find the class marks of the classes 20 – 50 and
35 – 60. A [CBSE OD Set-III, 2020] 150-155 15 15
20 + 50 155-160 13 15 + 13 = 28
Sol. Class mark of 20 – 50 =
2
160-165 10 28 + 10 = 38
70
= = 35 ½
2 165-170 8 38 + 8 = 46
35 + 60 170-175 9 46 + 9 = 55
and Class mark of 35 – 60 =
2
175-180 5 55 + 5 = 60
95
= = 47.5. ½ Since total frequency is 60.
2
N
Q. 4. Consider the following frequency distribution of = 30
the heights of 60 students of a class. 2

Heights (in cm) No. of students And cumulative frequency greater than or equal to
30 lies in class 160-165.
150-155 15 So, median class is 160-165.
155-160 13 \ Upper limit of median class is 165. 1

Q. 5. Following distribution gives cumulative frequencies of 'more than type' :

Marks obtained More than or More than or More than or More than or
equal to 5 equal to 10 equal to 15 equal to 20
Number of students 30 23 8 2
(cumulative frequency)
Change the above data to a continuous grouped frequency distribution. U [CBSE Term- 1, 2015]
Sol.
C.I. 5 – 10 10–15 15–20 More than 20
f 7 15 6 2
[CBSE Marking Scheme, 2015] 1
Q. 6. In the following frequency distribution, find the median class.

Height (in cm) 140 – 145 145 – 150 150 – 155 155 – 160 160 – 165 165 – 170
Frequency 5 15 25 30 15 10
U [CBSE Term- 1, 2015]
Sol.

Height Frequency c.f.

140 – 145 5 5
145 – 150 15 20
150 – 155 25 45
155 – 160 30 75
160 – 165 15 90
165 – 170 10 100
N = Sf = 100 ½
 N = 100
N 100
⇒ = = 50
2 2
The cumulative frequency just greater than 50 is 75 and the corresponding class is 155 – 160. ½
Hence, median class is 155 – 160.
Q. 7. Find the median of the data, using an empirical relation when it is given that Mode = 12.4 and Mean = 10.5.
U [CBSE Term- 1, 2015]
1 2
Sol. Median = Mode + Mean
3 3
1 2
= (12.4) + (10.5)
3 3
12. 4 21
= +
3 3
12. 4 + 21 33. 4
= =
3 3
33. 4
= = 11.13 (Approx) 1
3

Short Answer Type Questions-I 2 marks each

Q. 1. Find the mean of the following distribution :

Class 3–5 5–7 7–9 9 – 11 11 – 13
Frequency 5 10 10 7 8
A [CBSE Delhi Set-I, 2020]
Sol.
Class Frequency (f) Mid-Value (x) f×x
3–5 5 4 20
5–7 10 6 60
7–9 10 8 80
9 – 11 7 10 70
11 – 13 8 12 96
∑f= 40 ∑fx = 326
Sfx 1
\ mean =
Sf
326
= = 8.15. 1
40
Q. 2. Find the mode of the following data:
Class 0 – 20 20 – 40 40 – 60 60 – 80 80 – 100 100 – 120 120 – 140
Frequency 6 8 10 12 6 5 3
A [CBSE Delhi Set-I, 2020]
Sol. Since the modal class is the class having the maximum frequency.
\ Modal class = 60 – 80 ½
f1 - f0
\ Mode = l + ×h ½
2 f1 - f0 - f2

Hence, l = 60, f1 = 12, f0 = 10, f2 = 6 and h = 20 ½

12 - 10
Mode = 60 + × 20
2 ´ 12 - 10 - 6
 2 ´ 20
= 60 +
24 - 16
40
= 60 +
8
= 60 + 5
= 65. ½
Q. 3. Compute the mode for the following frequency distribution :
Size of items 0–4 4–8 8 – 12 12 – 16 16 – 20 20 – 24 24 – 28
(in cm)
Frequency 5 7 9 17 12 10 6
A [CBSE OD Set-I, 2020]
Sol. Here, Modal class = 12 – 16
\ l = 12, f1 = 17, f0 = 9, f2 = 12 and h = 4 1
⎛ f1 − f0 ⎞
Mode = l + ⎜ ×h
⎝ 2 f1 − f0 − f2 ⎟⎠

⎛ 17 − 9 ⎞
= 12 + ⎜ ×4
⎝ 2 × 17 − 9 − 12 ⎟⎠
8´4
= 12 +
13
= 12 + 2.46 = 14.46. (Approx) 1
Q. 4. Find the mode of the following frequency distribution :
Class 15 – 20 20 – 25 25 – 30 30 – 35 35 – 40 40 – 45
Frequency 3 8 9 10 3 2
Sol. Here, modal class = 30 – 35
\ l = 30, f0 = 9, f1 = 10, f2 = 3 and h = 5
⎛ f1 − f0 ⎞
Mode = l + ⎜ ×h 1
⎝ 1 − f0 − f2 ⎟⎠
2 f

⎛ 10 − 9 ⎞
= 30 + ⎜ ×5
⎝ 2 × 10 − 9 − 3 ⎟⎠

5
= 30 + = 30 + 0.625
8
= 30.625. 1
Q. 5. Find the mode of the following distribution :
Class 25 – 30 30 – 35 35 – 40 40 – 45 45 – 50 50 – 55
Frequency 25 34 50 42 38 14
U [CBSE Outside Delhi Set-I, 2019]

Sol. Maximum frequency = 50, class (modal) = 35 – 40.

½
⎛ f1 − f0 ⎞
Mode = l + ⎜ ×h
⎝ 2 f1 − f0 − f2 ⎟⎠

50 − 34
= 35 + ×5 1
100 − 34 − 42
16
= 35 + × 5 = 38.33 (Approx) [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2019] ½
24
Q. 6. Find the unknown values in the following table :
Class Interval Frequency Cumulative Frequency
0 – 10 5 5
10 – 20 7 x1
20 – 30 x2 18
30 – 40 5 x3
40 – 50 x4 30
U [Board Term- 1, 2016]

Sol. x1 = 5 + 7 = 12
x2 = 18 – x1 = 18 – 12 = 6
x3 = 18 + 5 = 23
and x4 = 30 – x3 = 30 – 23 = 7 [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2016] ½ × 4 = 2
Q. 7. The mean and median of 100 observations are 50 and 52 respectively. The value of the largest observation is
100. It was later found that it is 110 not 100. Find the true mean and median. A [CBSE Term- 1, 2016]

Σfx
Sol. Mean =
Σf
Σfx
⇒ 50 =
100
⇒ Sfx = 5000
Correct, Sfx' = 5000 – 100 + 110 = 5010 1
5010
\ Correct Mean =
100
= 50.1 1
Median will remain same i.e. median = 52. [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2016]
Q. 8. The data regarding marks obtained by 48 students of a class in a class test is given below:

Marks obtained 0–5 5 – 10 10 – 15 15 – 20 20 – 25 25 – 30 30 – 35 35 – 40 40 – 45 45 – 50

Number of students 1 0 2 0 0 10 25 7 2 1

Calculate the modal marks of students. A [CBSE Term- 1, 2015]

Sol. Modal class is 30 – 35, l = 30, f1 = 25, f0 = 10, f2 = 7 and h = 5

⎛ f1 - f0 ⎞ 25 - 10
Mode = l + ⎜⎝ 2 f - f - f ⎟⎠ × h ⇒ Mode = 30 + 50 - 10 - 7 × 5
1 0 2

= 30 + 2.27 or 32.27 approx. [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2015] 2

Q. 9. Given below is the distribution of weekly pocket money received by students of a class. Calculate the pocket
money that is received by most of the students.

Pocket money (in `) 0 – 20 20 – 40 40 – 60 60 – 80 80 – 100 100 – 120 120 – 140

Number of students 2 2 3 12 18 5 2
A [CBSE Term- 1, 2015]
Sol.

Class Interval Frequency

0 – 20 2
20 – 40 2
40 – 60 3
60 – 80 12
 80 – 100 18
100 – 120 5
120 – 140 2
Total 44
Here, Modal Class = 80 – 100
l = 80, f1 = 18, f2 = 5, f0 = 12 and h = 20
⎛ f1 - f0 ⎞
\ Mode = l + ⎜ ×h
⎝ 2 f1 - f0 - f2 ⎟⎠

18 - 12 ⎞
= 80 + ⎛⎜ × 20
⎝ 36 - 12 - 5 ⎟⎠
6
= 80 + × 20
19
= 80 + 6.31
= 86.31 (approx.)
Hence, mode = 86.31. 2
Q. 10. The mean of the following frequency distribution is 25. Find the value of p.

Class interval 0 – 10 10 – 20 20 – 30 30 – 40 40 – 50
Frequency 4 6 10 6 p
U [CBSE Term- 1, 2015]
Sol.

Class-Interval Mid-Point xi fi fixi

0 – 10 5 4 20
10 – 20 15 6 90
20 – 30 25 10 250
30 – 40 35 6 210
40 – 50 45 p 45p
∑fi = 26 + p ∑fixi = 570 + 45p
∑ fi xi
Mean, x =
∑ fi

570 + 45 p
⇒ 25 =
26 + p

⇒ 650 + 25p = 570 + 45p

⇒ 650 – 570 = 45p – 25p
\ p = 4 (Approx) [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2015] 2

Short Answer Type Questions-II 3 marks each

Q. 1. The median of the following data is 16. Find the missing frequencies a and b, if the total of the frequencies is
70.
Class 0–5 5 – 10 10 – 15 15 – 20 20 – 25 25 – 30 30 – 35 35 – 40
Frequency 12 a 12 15 b 6 6 4
A [CBSE SQP, 2020-21]
Sol.
Class Frequency (f) Cumulative frequency (c.f.)
0–5 12 12
5 – 10 a 12 + a
10 – 15 12 24 + a
15 – 20 15 39 + a
20 – 25 b 39 + a + b
25 – 30 6 45 + a + b
30 – 35 6 51 + a + b
35 – 40 4 55 + a + b
Total 70 1
According to question, 55 + a + b = 70
a + b = 15 ...(i) ½
N
- cf
Q Median = l + 2 ´h ½
f

35 - 24 - a
\ 16 = 15 + ´5
15
11 − a
1=
3
a =8 ½
Substituting the value of a in equation (i), we get
8 + b = 15
⇒ b = 15 – 8
⇒ b = 7. ½
Q. 2. The mode of the following data is 67. Find the missing frequency x.
Class 40 – 50 50 – 60 60 – 70 70 – 80 80 – 90
Frequency 5 x 15 12 7
Sol. From the table of given question, the modal class is the class having the maximum frequency,
i.e., modal class = 60 – 70
Then, l = 60, f1 = 15, f0 = x, f2 = 12 and h = 10
f1 - f0
\ Mode = l + ´h ½
2 f1 - f2 - f0

15 - x
67 = 60 + ´ 10 ½
30 - 12 - x
15 - x
7= ´ 10 ½
18 - x
7 × (18 – x) = 10(15 – x) ½
126 – 7x = 150 – 10x
3x = 150 – 126 ½
3x = 24
x = 8. ½
Q. 3. Find the mode of the following frequency distribution.

Class 0 – 10 10 – 20 20 – 30 30 – 40 40 – 50 50 – 60 60 – 70
Frequency 8 10 10 16 12 6 7
A [CBSE Delhi Set- I, 2019] [Board Term-I, 2016]
 Sol. Modal class is 30 – 40 ½
⎛ f1 − f0 ⎞
\ Mode = l + ⎜ ×h
⎝ 2 f1 − f0 − f2 ⎟⎠
16 − 10 ⎞
= 30 + ⎛⎜ × 10 2
⎝ 32 − 10 − 12 ⎟⎠
= 36. [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2019] ½
Detailed Solution:
Class Frequency
0 – 10 8
10 – 20 10
20 – 30 10
30 – 40 16
40 – 50 12
50 – 60 6
60 – 70 7
Modal-class = 30 – 40
⇒ l = 30, f0 = 10, f1 = 16, f2 = 12, h = 10
æ f1 - f0 ö
Mode = l + ç h
è 2 f1 - f0 - f2 ÷ø

æ 16 - 10 ö
= 30 + ç ´ 10
è 2 ´ 16 - 10 - 12 ÷ø

æ 6 ö
= 30 + ç ´ 10
è 32 - 22 ÷ø

æ 6ö
= 30 + ç ´ 10
è 10 ÷ø

= 30 + 6
Q. 4. The mean of the following distribution is 53. Find the missing frequency k ?
Class 0 – 20 20 – 40 40 – 60 60 – 80 80 – 100
Frequency 12 15 32 k 13
U [CBSE Delhi Set-II, 2019]
Sol.
Class
Class Frequency
Marks fixi
Interval (fi)
(xi)
0 – 20 12 10 120
20 – 40 15 30 450
40 – 60 32 50 1600
60 – 80 k 70 70k
80 – 100 13 90 1170 1½
Sfi = 72 +k Sfi = 3340 + 70k
Given, median = 53
S fi xi
\ Median =
S fi
3340 + 70 k
⇒ 53 = 1
72 + k
⇒ 53(72 + k) = 3340 + 70k
= 3816 + 53k = 3340 + 70k
 ⇒ 70k – 53k = 3816 – 3340
⇒ 17k = 476
⇒ k = 28 ½
Hence, value of k is 28. [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2019]
Q. 5. The marks obtained by 100 students in an examination are given below :

Marks 30 – 35 35 – 40 40 – 45 45 – 50 50 – 55 55 – 60 60 – 65
Number of Students 14 16 28 23 18 8 3
Find the mean marks of the students. A [CBSE OD, Set-I, 2019]

Sol.
xi 32.5 37.5 42.5 47.5 52.5 57.5 62.5 ½
fi 14 16 28 23 18 8 3 Sfi = 110 ½
ui –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3
fiui –42 –32 –28 0 18 16 9, Sfiui = –59 1

59 × 5
Mean = 47.5 – = 47.5 – 2.68 = 44.82 1
110
Note: If N is taken as 100, Ans. 44.55 Accept.
If some one write, data is wrong, give full 3 marks. [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2019]
Detailed Solution:

Number of students xi - A
Marks Mid Values (xi) ui = fiui
(fi) h

30 – 35 14 32.5 –3 –42
35 – 40 16 37.5 –2 –32
40 – 45 28 42.5 –1 –28
45 – 50 23 47.5 0 0
50 – 55 18 52.5 1 18
55 – 60 8 57.5 2 16
60 – 65 3 62.5 3 9
N = Sfi = 110 Sfiui = –59

2
Here, Assumed mean, A = 47.5
Sfi ui
Mean = A + ´h
N
( -59 )
= 47.5 + ×5
110

= 47.5 – 2.682
= 44.818 1
Q. 6. A class teacher has the following absentee record of 40 students of a class for the whole term. Find the mean
number of days a student was absent. A [CBSE Delhi, 2019]

Number of days 0–6 6 – 12 12 – 18 18 – 24 24 – 30 30 – 36 36 – 42

Number of students 10 11 7 4 4 3 1
 Topper Answer, 2019

Sol.

Q. 7. The table below show the salaries of 280 persons :

Salary 5 – 10 10 – 15 15 – 20 20 – 25 25 – 30 30 – 35 35 – 40 40 – 45 45 – 50
(in thousand `)
No. of Persons 49 133 63 15 6 7 4 2 1
Calculate the median salary of the data. U [CBSE Delhi/OD 2018]
Sol.

Salary No. of Persons c.f.

(in thousand `)
5 – 10 49 49
10 – 15 133 = f 182
15 – 20 63 245
20 – 25 15 260
 25 – 30 6 266
30 – 35 7 273
35 – 40 4 277
40 – 45 2 279
45 – 50 1 280
N 280
= = 140. 1
2 2
Median class = 10 – 15.
hæN ö
Median = l + çè - c. f . ÷ø
f 2

5
= 10 + (140 – 49) 1
133
5 × 91
= 10 +
133
= 13.42
Hence, median salary is ` 13.42 thousand or ` 13420 (approx). [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2018] 1
Detailed Solution:

Topper Answer, 2018

Q. 8. If the mean of the following data is 14.7, find the values of p and q.
Class 0–6 6 – 12 12 – 18 18 – 24 24 – 30 30 – 36 36 – 42 Total
Frequency 10 p 4 7 q 4 1 40
U [CBSE Term-I, 2016]
Sol.
Class xi fi xi f i
0–6 3 10 30
6 – 12 9 p 9p
 12 – 18 15 4 60
18 – 24 21 7 147
24 – 30 27 q 27q
30 – 36 33 4 132
36 – 42 39 1 39
Total Sfi = 26 + p + q = 40 Sxifi = 408 + 9p + 27q
Given, Sfi = 40
⇒ 26 + p + q = 40
⇒ p + q = 14 ...(i) ½
Σxi fi
\ Mean, x = ½
Σfi
408 + 9 p + 27 q
⇒ 14.7 =
40
⇒ 588 = 408 + 9p + 27q 1
⇒ 180 = 9p + 27q
⇒ p + 3q = 20 ...(ii)
Subtracting eq. (i) from eq. (ii),
2q = 6
⇒ q =3 ½
Putting the value of q in eq. (i),
p = 14 – q = 14 – 3 = 11 ½
Hence, p = 11, q = 3
Q. 9. Find the mean of the following distribution :

Height (in cm) Less than 75 Less than 100 Less than 125 Less than 150 Less than 175 Less than 200

No. of students 5 11 14 18 21 28

Height (in cm) Less than 225 Less than 250 Less than 275 Less than 300

No. of students 33 37 45 50
U [CBSE Term- 1, 2016]
Sol.

ui = xi - a
Class-Interval Frequency
xi fiui
Height (in cm) fi h
50 – 75 5 62.5 –5 – 25
75 – 100 6 87.5 –4 – 24
100 – 125 3 112.5 –3 –9
125 – 150 4 137.5 –2 –8
150 – 175 3 162.5 –1 –3
175 – 200 7 187.5 = a 0 0
200 – 225 5 212.5 1 5
225 – 250 4 237.5 2 8
250 – 275 8 262.5 3 24
275 – 300 5 287.5 4 20
∑ fi = 50 ∑ fiui = –12
2
Here, ∑ fiui = – 12; N = 50 and h = 25
∑ fi ui
Mean = a + ×h
N
-12
Mean = 187.5 + × 25 = 187.5 – 6 = 181.5. 1
50
Q. 10. The mean of the following distribution is 48 and sum of all the frequencies is 50. Find the missing frequencies
x and y.
Class 20 – 30 30 – 40 40 – 50 50 – 60 60 – 70
Frequency 8 6 x 11 y
U [CBSE Term- 1, 2016, 2015]
Sol.
xi - a
C.I. fi xi ui = fiui
h
20 – 30 8 25 –2 – 16
30 – 40 6 35 –1 –6
40 – 50 x 45 = a 0 0
50 – 60 11 55 1 11
60 – 70 y 65 2 2y
Total Sfi = 25 + x + y Sfiui = 2y – 11
Sfi ui
Mean = a + ×h
Sfi
2 y − 11
⇒ 48 = 45 + × 10
50
2 y − 11
Þ 48 – 45 = 1
5
3×5 = 2y – 11
⇒ 15 = 2y – 11
⇒ y = 13
Also Sfi = 25 + x + y = 50 1
⇒ x+y = 25
⇒ x = 25 – 13 = 12
\ x = 12 and y = 13. [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2016] 1
Q. 11. Find the median of the following data :
Height (in cm) Less than 120 Less than 140 Less than 160 Less than 180 Less than 200
Number of students 12 26 34 40 50

U [CBSE Term- 1, 2015]

Sol.
Height (in cm) Frequency c.f.
less than 120 12 12
120 – 140 14 26
140 – 160 8 34
160 – 180 6 40
180 – 200 10 50
Total N = 50
Here, N = 50
N
⇒ Median =
2
50
= = 25
2
So, Median Class = 120 – 140.
⎛N ⎞
- c. f .
⎜ 2 ⎟
Median = l + ⎜ ⎟ ×h
f
⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
 ⎛ 25 - 12 ⎞
= 120 + ⎜ × 20
⎝ 14 ⎟⎠
260
= 120 +
14
= 120 + 18.57
\ Median = 138.57. [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2015] 3

Long Answer Type Questions 5 marks each

Q. 1. The median of the following data is 525. Find the values of x and y, if total frequency is 100.
Class Frequency
0 – 100 2
100 – 200 5
200 – 300 x
300 – 400 12
400 – 500 17
500 – 600 20
600 – 700 y
700 – 800 9
800 – 900 7
900 – 1000 4
A [CBSE Delhi Set-I, 2020]
Sol.
Class Interval Frequency Cumulative frequency
0 – 100 2 2
100 – 200 5 7
200 – 300 x 7+x
300 – 400 12 19 + x
400 – 500 17 36 + x
500 – 600 20 56 + x
600 – 700 y 56 + x + y
700 – 800 9 65 + x + y
800 – 900 7 72 + x + y
900 – 1000 4 76 + x + y
Total N = 100 1
Also, 76 + x + y = 100
⇒ x+y = 100 – 76 = 24 ...(i) 1
Given, Median = 525, which lies between class 500 – 600.
⇒ Median class= 500 – 600
N
− c. f .
Now, Median = l + 2 ×h 1
f

⎡ ⎤
⎢ 100 − ( 36 + x ) ⎥
⇒ 525 = 500 + ⎢⎢ 2 ⎥ × 100
⎥
20
⎣ ⎦
 ⇒ 25 = (50 – 36 – x) 5
25
⇒ 14 – x = =5
5
⇒ x = 14 – 5 = 9 1
Putting the value of x in eq. (i), we get
y = 24 – 9 = 15 1
Hence, x = 9 and y = 15.
Q. 2. The mean of the following distribution is 18. Find the frequency f of the class 19 – 21.

Class 11 – 13 13 – 15 15 – 17 17 – 19 19 – 21 21 – 23 23 – 25
Frequency 3 6 9 13 f 5 4
U [CBSE OD Set-I, 2020] [CBSE Delhi/O.D. 2018]
Sol.
Class Class mark (x) Frequency (f) fx
11 – 13 12 3 36
13 – 15 14 6 84
15 – 17 16 9 144
17 – 19 18 13 234
19 – 21 20 f 20 f
21 – 23 22 5 110
23 – 25 24 4 96
Sf = 40 + f Sfx = 704 + 20f
1
Sf = 40 + f 1
Sfx = 704 + 20f 1
704 + 20 f
Mean = 18 = 1
40 + f
⇒ 720 + 18 f = 704 + 20 f 1
⇒ f =8 [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2018]
Detailed Solution:

Topper Answer, 2018

 5

Q. 3. Daily wages of 110 workers, obtained in a survey, are tabulated below :

Daily Wages (in `) 100 – 120 120 – 140 140 – 160 160 – 180 180 – 200 200 – 220 220 – 240
Number of Workers 10 15 20 22 18 12 13
Compute the mean daily wages and modal daily wages of these workers. A [CBSE SQP, 2020-21]
Sol.
Daily Wages (in `) Number of xi ui fiui
Workers (f1)
100 – 120 10 110 –3 – 30
120 – 140 15 130 –2 – 30
140 – 160 20 150 –1 – 20
160 – 180 22 170 = A 0 0
180 – 200 18 190 1 18
200 – 220 12 210 2 24
220 – 240 13 230 3 39
Total 110 1
1
1
Mean daily wages = 170 + × 20 = ` 170.19 (approx.) 2
110
22 - 20
Mode = 160 + × 20 = ` 166.67 (approx.) [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2020] 2
44 - 20 - 18

Detailed Solution:
1. Calculation of mean:
Daily Wages Class mark No. of Workers fi . xi
(Class interval) (xi) (fi)
100 – 120 110 10 1100
120 – 140 130 15 1950
140 – 160 150 20 3000
160 – 180 170 22 3740
180 – 200 190 18 3420
200 – 220 210 12 2520
220 – 240 230 13 2990
Total ∑fi = 110 ∑fi xi = 18720 1
å fi xi 18720
Mean, x = = = 170.182 1
å fi 110
Hence, mean daily: wages are ` 170.182 (Approx) ½
2. Calculation of mode
Daily Wages (in `) 100 – 120 120 – 140 140 – 160 160 – 180 180 – 200 200 – 220 220 – 240
Number of Workers 10 15 20 → f1 22 → fm 18 → f2 12 13
Here, maximum frequency, fm = 22.
So, corresponding class 160 – 180 is modal class. ½
l = lower boundary of modal class = 160
fm = maximum frequency = 22.
f1 = frequency of pre-modal class = 20.
f2 = frequency of past modal class = 18.
h = width of modal class = 180 – 160 = 20
⎡ fm - f1 ⎤
\ Mode = l + ⎢ ⎥h 1
⎣ fm - f1 - f2 ⎦
é 22 - 20 ù
= 160 + ê ú ´ 20
ë 2(22) - 20 - 18 û
2
= 160 + × 20
6
= 160 + 6.67
\ Mode = 166.67
Therefore, modal wages of workers is ` 166.67. (Approx) 1
Q. 4. If the median of the following frequency distribution is 32.5. Find the values of f1 and f2.
Class 0 – 10 10 – 20 20 – 30 30 – 40 40 – 50 50 – 60 60 – 70 Total

Frequency f1 5 9 12 f2 3 2 40

A [CBSE Delhi Set-I, 2019]

Sol.
Class Frequency Cumulative frequency
0 – 10 f1 f1
10 – 20 5 f1 + 5
20 – 30 9 f1 + 14
30 – 40 12 f1 + 26
40 – 50 f2 f1 + f2 + 26
50 – 60 3 f1 + f2 + 29
60 – 70 2 f1 + f2 + 31
40 1
Median = 32.5 ⇒ median class is 30 – 40. 1
10
Now 32.5 = 30 + ( 20 − 14 − f1 ) 1
12
⇒ f1 = 3 1
Also f1 + f2 + 31 = 40
⇒ f2 = 6 [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2019] 1
Detailed Solution:

Cumulative
Class Frequency (f)
Frequency (c.f.)
0 – 10 f1 f1
10 – 20 5 f1+5
20 – 30 9 f1+14
30 – 40 12 f1+26
 40 – 50 f2 f1+f2+26
50 – 60 3 f1+f2+29
60 – 70 2 f1+f2+31

N = Sf = 40 1
Now, f1 + f2 + 31 = 40
⇒ f1+f2 = 9
⇒ f2 = 9 – f 1 ...(i) ½
Given that median is 32.5, which lies in 30 – 40
Hence, median class = 30 – 40.
N 40
Here; l = 30, = = 20, f = 12 and c.f. = 14 + f1 ½
2 2
Now, median = 32.5

⎛ N −c f ⎞
. .
⎜ 2 ⎟
⇒ l+ ⎜ ⎟ × h = 32.5 1
f
⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠

é 20 - ( 14 + f1 ) ù
⇒ 30 + ê ú × 10 = 32.5
ë 12 û
æ 6 - f1 ö
⇒ çè 12 ÷ø ×10 = 2.5

60 - 10 f1
⇒ = 2.5
12
⇒ 60 – 10 f1 = 30
⇒ 10 f1 = 30
⇒ f1 = 3 1
From eq (i), we get f2 = 9 – 3 = 6
Hence, f1 = 3 and f2 = 6

COMMONLY MADE ERROR

 Some candidates use incorrect formula for median. Some get confused that which formulae has
to be applied to find median.

ANSWERING TIP

 Students should read the question carefully and keep in mind the known and unknown data.

Q. 5. Find the mode of the following distribution of marks obtained by the students in an examination :
Marks obtained 0 – 20 20 – 40 40 – 60 60 – 80 80 – 100
Number of students 15 18 21 29 17
Given the mean of the above distribution is 53, using empirical relationship estimate the value of its median.
U [CBSE SQP, 2017-18]
Sol. Modal class = 60 – 80
f1 − f0
\ Mode = l + ×h 1
2 f1 − f0 − f2
 Here, l = 60, f1 = 29, f0 = 21, f2 = 17 and h = 20 ½
29 − 21
Mode = 60 + × 20 1
2 × 29 − 21 − 17
8
= 60 + × 20
58 − 38
= 60 + 8 = 68 ½
Empirical relationship, Mode = 3 median – 2 mean 1
Mode = 68 and mean = 53 (given)
\ 3 median= mode + 2 mean
3 median= 68 + 2 × 53
174
Median = = 58 1
3
Hence, median = 58.
Q. 6. Literacy rates of 40 cities are given in the following table. If it is given that mean literacy rate is 63.5, then find
the missing frequencies x and y.

Literacy rate (in %) 35 – 40 40 – 45 45 – 50 50 – 55 55 – 60 60 – 65 65 – 70 70 – 75 75 – 80 80 – 85 85 – 90

Number of cities 1 2 3 x y 6 8 4 2 3 2
U [CBSE Term- 1, 2016]

xi - 62.5
Sol. C.I. xi ui = fi fiui
5

35 – 40 37.5 –5 1 –5
40 – 45 42.5 –4 2 –8
45 – 50 47.5 –3 3 –9
50 – 55 52.5 –2 x – 2x
55 – 60 57.5 –1 y –y
60 – 65 62.5 = a 0 6 0
65 – 70 67.5 1 8 8
70 – 75 72.5 2 4 8
75 – 80 77.5 3 2 6
80 – 85 82.5 4 3 12
85 – 90 87.5 5 2 10
Total Sfi =31 + x + y Sfiui = 22 – 2x – y 2
Here, Sfi = 31 + x + y = 40
⇒ x+y =9 ...(i) ½
Sfiui = 22 – 2x – y
Σf u
\ Mean = a + i i × h 1
Σfi
( 22 − 2 x − y )
⇒ 63.5 = 62.5 + ×5
40
⇒ 2x + y = 14 ...(ii) 1
Solving eqns, (i) and (ii), we get x = 5 and y = 4. [CBSE Marking Scheme, 2016] ½
Q. 7. Monthly expenditures on milk in 100 families of a housing society are given in the following frequency
distribution :
Monthly
0 – 175 175 – 350 350 – 525 525 – 700 700 – 875 875 – 1050 1050 – 1225
expenditure (in `)
Number of families 10 14 15 21 28 7 5
Find the mode and median for this distribution. A [CBSE Term-1 2016]
Sol.
C.I. f c.f.
0 – 175 10 10
175 – 350 14 24
350 – 525 15 39
525 – 700 21 60
700 – 875 28 88
875 – 1050 7 95
1050 – 1225 5 100
N = 100 1
N
Median =
2
100
= = 50
2
\ Median class = 525 – 700
N
− c. f .
2
Median = l + ×h
f
50 − 39
= 525 + × 175 1
21
11
= 525 + × 175
21
175
\ Median = 525 + × [50 – 39]
21
= 525 + 91.6
= 616.6 (Approx)
and Modal class = 700 – 875.
⎛ f1 − f0 ⎞
Mode = l + ⎜ 1
⎝ 2 f − f − f ⎟⎠
1 0 2

l = 700, f0 = 21, f1 = 28, f2 = 7 and h = 175

⎛ 28 − 21 ⎞
Mode = 700 + ⎜ × 175 1
⎝ 2 × 28 − 21 − 7 ⎟⎠
7
= 700 +
× 175
28
= 700 + 43.75
= 743.75. 1
Q. 8. On annual day of a school, 400 students participated in the function. Frequency distribution showing their ages
is as shown in the following table :
Age (in years) 05 – 07 07 – 09 09 – 11 11 – 13 13 – 15 15 – 17 17 – 19
Number of students 70 120 32 100 45 28 5
Find mean and median of the above data. A [CBSE Term- 1, 2015]
Sol.
xi − a
C. I. fi c.f. xi ui = fiui
h
05 – 07 70 70 6 –3 –210
07 – 09 120 190 8 –2 –240
09 – 11 32 222 10 –1 –32
11 – 13 100 322 12 = a 0 0
13 – 15 45 367 14 1 45
15 – 17 28 395 16 2 56
17 – 19 5 400 18 3 15
Sf = 400 Sfiui = – 366