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CN Report

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7 views

CN Report

Bnj

Uploaded by

Ishika ishika
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Project Report

On
Topologies in Computer Networks
BACHELORES OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

(Session 2023-2026)

Submitted To: Submitted By:


Ms. Amanpreet Kaur Meetpal Singh
(Lecturer, Comp. Sc.)

PUNJAB COLLEGE OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION


BADDOWAL (LUDHIANA)
Declaration

I swore that the work being presented by me in the dissertation titled “Topologies” in partial
requirements for the fulfillment of degree of Bachelors Of Computer Applications (BCA) to be
submitted in Punjab College Of Technical Education (PCTE), Baddowal (Ludhiana)
affiliated to PTU,Jalandhar is authentic record of my own work carried out by me in BCA
under the supervision of Ms. Amanpreet Kaur (Faculty, PCTE), Ludhiana.

(Meetpal Singh)
Acknowledgement

On the very outset I would like to thank the almighty GOD for showering his blessing &
providing me with the courage, motivation & strength to complete my project.

Every seminar work demands a lot of hard work, time, patience and concentration. While working on
this seminar, apart from these aspects, I have developed necessary skills and attitude, which are always
required in a professional field. I am thankful to all those who helped me in completing this project.

I express my deep sense of gratitude & intentness towards my respected Project In-charge
Ms. Gurpreet Kaur, other faculty members of PCTE from whom I have learnt Web
Designing language without their guidance I would have found it really difficult to
undertake the project work. I would like to thank them for their ever available,
unconditional help & guidance that they made available throughout the project work.

I would also like to acknowledge the encouraging attitude of my friends & other staff
members of P.C.T.E family that helped me to complete the project work.

(Meetpal Singh)
Project on Computer Network
Topologies
This document provides an in-depth exploration of various
network topologies utilized in computer networking. From the
foundational bus and star configurations to the more complex
mesh, ring, and hybrid topologies, this guide aims to shed light on
the architecture and implementation of these network structures.
It also delves into the practical applications of each topology and
their significance in modern networking.

Types of Network Topologies


Network topologies are the foundation of any computer network, defining the way nodes are
interconnected. The following are the primary types of network topologies:

• Bus Topology

• Star Topology

• Ring Topology

• Mesh Topology

• Hybrid Topology
Bus Topology

The bus topology features a linear network where all network nodes are connected to a single
cable, known as the backbone. Data is transmitted in both directions, and the nodes receive the
data intended for them. While it's simple to implement and economical, it can suffer from data
collisions and has a limit on cable length.
Star Topology
Star topology connects all nodes to a central hub or switch, making it easy to install and manage. It
provides better performance as each node has its own dedicated connection to the central hub. However,
if the central hub fails, the entire network goes down, and it requires more cable than the bus topology.
Ring Topology
In a ring network, each node is connected to two other nodes, forming a circular pathway.
While easy to install and troubleshoot, it can be slow for large networks, and if one node
goes down, it can disrupt the entire network.

Mesh Topology
Mesh topology establishes a direct connection between all network nodes. This redundancy
means that if one connection fails, data can take an alternative path. It's highly reliable but
expensive and complex to install due to numerous connections.
Hybrid Topology

As the name suggests, hybrid topology is a combination of two or more different topologies. It
inherits the advantages and disadvantages of the included topologies, making it suitable for
large networks where multiple topologies are required.

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