TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS PAPER 2

SPM 2011
3
(a) Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = −3𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝑥 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋.
[3 marks]

(b) Hence, use the same axes, sketch a suitable graph to find the number of solutions to the equation
𝜋 3
+ 3𝑠𝑖𝑛 = 0 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋. State the number of solutions.
𝑥 2
[3 marks]

𝜋 3 𝜋 3 𝝅
+ 3𝑠𝑖𝑛 = 0, = −3𝑠𝑖𝑛 , 𝒚 =
𝑥 2 𝑥 2 𝒙

The number of Solutions = 2

SPM 2014

(a) Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋.

[3 marks]

(b) Hence, using the same axes, sketch a suitable straight line to find the number of solutions for the equation
𝑥 + 𝜋𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥 = 0 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋.
[3 marks]

𝑥 + 𝜋𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥 = 0, 𝜋𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥 = −𝑥

𝜋𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥 𝑥 𝒙
+ 1 = − + 1 ,𝒚 = − + 𝟏
𝜋 𝜋 𝝅
SPM 2012
2
(a) Prove that 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥+1 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥.

[2 marks]

2 2(𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥) 2(𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥) 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥

= = = = + 1 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟏 = 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝒙.
𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 + 1 (2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 − 1) + 1 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥

(b)(i) Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 + 1 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋.

[3 marks]

(ii) Hence, using the same axes, sketch the suitable straight line to find the number of solutions to the equation
2 𝑥
= + 1 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋.
𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 4𝜋
[3 marks]

2 𝑥 2 𝑥
= +1, = +1
2
𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 4𝜋 2 4𝜋
( )
𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 + 1

𝒙
𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 + 1 = +𝟏
𝟒𝝅

The number of solutions = 4

SPM 2016

𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
(a) Prove that = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥.
𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥+2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥−𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥

[2 marks]

𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝒙

= = = = 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐𝒙
𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 2 2 2 2 2 2
+ 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 − 1 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 − 1 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝒙
(b) Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = |𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥| for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋.
[3 marks]

(c) Hence, using the same axes, sketch a suitable straight line to find the number of solutions for the equation
𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 𝑥
|𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥+2𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝑥−𝑠𝑒𝑐2 𝑥| + 2𝜋 = 1 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋.
[3 marks]

𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 𝑥
| |+ =1
𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 + 2 2
2𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 2𝜋

𝒙
𝑦 = |𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥| = − +𝟏
𝟐𝝅

The number of solutions = 8

SPM 2013

(a) Prove that 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 = 1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥.

[2 marks]

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥(2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) = (2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 = 1 − 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥

𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒙 = 𝟏 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝒙

1
(b) Hence, solve the equation 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 = 4 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋.
[4 marks]
1
1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 =
4

3
𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 = , 2𝑥 = 41.41°
4

2𝑥 = 41.41°, 318.59°, 401.41° , 678.59°

𝒙 = 𝟐𝟎. 𝟕𝟎°, 𝟏𝟓𝟗. 𝟑𝟎°, 𝟐𝟎𝟎. 𝟕𝟏°, 𝟑𝟑𝟗. 𝟑𝟎°

SPM 2015

(a) Prove that 2 cos(𝑥 + 45°) cos(𝑥 − 45°) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥.

[3 marks]

2[(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠45 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛45)(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠45 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛45)] = 2[𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 45 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛2 45]

1 1
2[𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 45 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛2 45] = 2[𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥( )2 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 ( )2 ] = 2(0.5𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 − 0.5𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥)
√2 √2

𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒙 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒙 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝒙

1
(b) Hence, solve the equation 2 cos(𝑥 + 45°) cos(𝑥 − 45°) = 2 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋.
[4 marks]
𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 = 0.5, 2𝑥 = 60°

2𝑥 = 60°, 300°, 420°, 660°

𝒙 = 𝟑𝟎°, 𝟏𝟓𝟎°, 𝟐𝟏𝟎°, 𝟑𝟑𝟎°

(c) Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋.

[3 marks]

SPM 2017

(a) Prove that 2𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃.

[2 marks]

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
2( ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝜽

(b) Hence, solve the equation 4𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 1 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋.

[2 marks]
2
2(2𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃) = 1 , 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 = 1, 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝜃 = 0.5

2𝜃 = 30°, 150°, 390°, 510°

𝜽 = 𝟏𝟓°, 𝟕𝟓°, 𝟏𝟗𝟓°, 𝟐𝟓𝟓°

(c)(i) Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋.

[3 marks]

(ii) Hence, using the same axes, sketch a suitable straight line to find the number of solutions for the equation
4𝜋𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 𝑥 − 2𝜋. State the number of solutions.
[3 marks]

4𝜋𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 𝑥 − 2𝜋

𝑥 − 2𝜋 𝑥
𝑦 = 2𝜋𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 = 𝑥 − 2𝜋 , 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 = = −1
2𝜋 2𝜋
𝒙
𝒚= −𝟏
𝟐𝝅

The number of solutions = 4