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Itcma Week 3 Notes

These are notes in the course digital electronics and microcontrollers

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lethabomakinta38
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16 views

Itcma Week 3 Notes

These are notes in the course digital electronics and microcontrollers

Uploaded by

lethabomakinta38
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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10/15/24, 3:11 PM 7.1.

Notes [ ± 60 min ] | Eduvos

Eduvos (Pty) Ltd (formerly Pearson Institute of Higher Education) is registered with
the Department of Higher Education and Training as a private higher education
institution under the Higher Education Act, 101, of 1997. Registration Certificate
number: 2001/HE07/008.

Date: Tuesday, 15 October 2024, 3:11 PM

Digital Electronics and Microcontrollers


7.1. Notes [ ± 60 min ]

1. Learning outcomes

By the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

Apply knowledge and skills in relation to memory devices and implement counters.

Prescribed Reading
Dukish, B. 1st Edition. 2020. Digital Electronics with Arduino: Learn How To Work With
Digital Electronics And Microcontrollers. BPB Publications. ISBN: 9789389423761.

Chapter 3

Section 3.1-3.7

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2. Converting between number systems

Computers can do a few things very well. They can make fast, simple decisions based on the logic circuits
presented in the last chapter, and they can perform math computations with circuits we will outline in this
chapter. Before we go farther, however, it is necessary to gain a better understanding of the relationships
between number systems. We will look at a beautiful circuit which can help us make sense of the conversion
processes. It utilizes a 74LS47 IC that converts Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) numbers to read from a 7-
segment display.

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10/15/24, 3:11 PM 7.1. Notes [ ± 60 min ] | Eduvos

3. More on Digital logic

The logic functions of NOT, AND, and OR are extremely common in microcontroller coding. We use them in
conditional tests to evaluate specific input conditions that may require an output event. The other logic
functions NAND and NOR are more hardware oriented, but the logic may also sometimes be useful in
coding. The exclusive functions were briefly mentioned in the previous chapter, but now we will look more

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10/15/24, 3:11 PM 7.1. Notes [ ± 60 min ] | Eduvos

deeply at their usefulness.

4. The Exclusive OR gate

Figure 3.4 shows the logic diagram for the exclusive OR (XOR, sometimes also called EOR). The diagram
looks similar to a standard OR gate except for the semicircle symbol drawn across the inputs:

The two-input TTL IC is the 74LS86. There are four gates housed within the fourteen pin IC DIP package.
The IC is called a quad XOR Gate. The International IEEE logic diagram may also be shown with the “= 1”
symbol, inside of a square.

If you closely compare the standard OR gate truth table with the one just presented for the XOR gate, you
will only notice a slight difference. The last possibility where both inputs are ones produces an output of zero
with the XOR gate. A cleaver way of describing the logic is to think that there is only an output when the
inputs are at different logic levels. The Boolean Algebra expression for XOR is:

X = A⨁B

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4.1. The Half Adder

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4.2. The Full adder

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4.3. Activity

Activity
Implement a full adder in Arduino
Uno

Activity Memo

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