CBSE Board Question Paper Class 10

Board Question Paper 2024

General Instructions :
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them :
(i) This question paper contains 37 questions. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Question paper is divided into six sections – Section A, B, C, D, E and F.
(iii) Section A – Questions no. 1 to 20 are Multiple Choice type questions. Each ques-
tion carries 1 mark.
(iv) Section B – Questions no. 21 to 24 are Very Short Answer type questions. Each
question carries 2 marks. Answer to these questions should not exceed 40 words.
(v) Section C – Questions no. 25 to 29 are Short Answer type questions. Each ques-
tion carries 3 marks. Answer to these questions should not exceed 60 words.
(vi) Section D – Questions no. 30 to 33 are Long Answer (LA) type questions. Each
question carries 5 marks. Answer to these questions should not exceed 120 words.
(vii) Section E – Questions no. 34 to 36 are Case-based/Source-based questions with
three sub-questions. Each question carries 4 marks.
(viii) Section F – Question no. 37 is Map skill-based question with two parts – 37(a)
from History (2 marks) and 37(b) from Geography (3 marks). This question carries
total 5 marks.
SECTION A
(Multiple Choice Questions)
1. The German philosopher Johann Gottfried belonged to which one of the following
schools of thought?
(A) Socialist (B) Liberalist (C) Romanticist (D) Marxist
2. Two statements are given below. They are Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read
both the statements and choose the correct option.
Assertion (A): The Act of Union 1707’ between England and Scotland resulted in the
formation of ‘United Kingdom of Great Britain’. Reason (R): England wanted to im-
pose its influence on Scotland. Options:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explaination of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explaination of (A). (C) (A) is
true but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false but (R) is true.
3. Arrange the following events in chronological order and choose the correct option.
I. Treaty of Constantinople
II. Hamburg granted autonomy to Hungary
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III. Balkan Conflict
IV. Napoleonic Civil Code
Options:
(A) IV, II, I & III (B) III, II, IV & I (C) IV, I, II & III (D) I, IV, III & II
4. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?
List-I List-II
(Author) (Books)
(A) Jyotiba Phule Amar Jiban
(B) Sudarshan Chakra Sachhi Kavitayen
(C) Rash Sundari Debi Gulamgiri
(D) Kashi Baba Chotte aur Bade Sawal
5. Choose the correct option to fill the blank.

Non Metallic Mineral : Mica

.................
Energy Mineral :
(A) Natural Gas (B) Bauxite
(C) Manganese (D) Platinum
6. Read the following characteristics of a soil and identify the soil from the given options.

◊ It is widely spread and important soil.

◊ Northern plains are made of it.
◊ It consists of sand, silt and clay.

Options:
(A) Yellow soil (B) Black soil
(C) Laterite soil (D) Alluvial soil
7. Match Column-I with Column-II and choose the correct option :
Column-I Column-II
(Crop) (Type)
I. Wheat (a) Millet Crop
II. Ragi (b) Beverage Crop
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III. Tea (c) Food Crop
IV. Maize (d) Food & Fodder Crop
Options :
I II III IV

(A) d a c b

(B) c d b a

(C) c a b d

(D) d b a c
8. Read the following statements and choose the correct term mentioned in the Indian
Constitution from the given options :

◊ There is no official religion for the Indian State.

◊ There is freedom to profess, practise and propagare any religion in India.

Options : (A) Republic (B) Sovereign

(C) Socialist (D) Secular
9. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched ?
(Subject List in the Indian
Constitution) (Subject)
(A) Union List Subjects - Communication
(B) State List Subjects - Education
(C) Concurrent List Subjects - Adoption
(D) Residuary Subjects - Marriages
10. Read the following statements about power sharing arrangement in Belgium and
choose the correct option.
I. Brussels has a separate govt. with equal representation.
II. Dutch & French speaking ministers are equal in Central Govt.
III. Community Govt. is elected by People belonging to one language.
IV. Series of majoritarian measures adopted in Belgium.
Options:
(A) I, II and IV (B) I, III and IV (C) II, III and IV (D) I, II and III
11. Which one of the following countries has ‘one-party system’ ?

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(A) United States of America (B) United Kingdom
(C) India (D) China
12. Which one of the following is a fundamental principle of democracy?
(A) Rule of single individual (B) Rule with hereditary norms
(C) Rule of people with freedom (D) Rule of military chiefs
13. Which one of the following languages is included in Eighth Schedule in Indian Consti-
tution?
(A) Hariyanavi (B) Rajasthani
(C) Garhwali (D) Odia
14. Choose the correct option to fill the blank.
Literacy Rate measures the proportion of literate population in the_______
years and above age group.
(A) 10 (B) 7 (C) 5 (D) 8
15. Assume there are four families in a locality. If the incomes of these four families in a
week are ` 2,000, ` 5,000, ` 3,000 and ` 6,000, then the weekly average income of
the locality will be
(A) ` 4,000 (B) ` 5,000 (C) ` 2,000 (D) ` 1,000
16. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?
(Sector of the Economy) (Example)
(A) Primary Sector - Tailor
(B) Secondary Sector - Fisherman
(C) Tertiary Sector - Astronaut
(D) Primary Sector - Courier
17. Look at the given image. The work done in the image comes under which one of the
following sectors?

(A) Organized sector (B) Primary sector

(C) Unorganized sector (D) Public sector
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18. Which of the following is the primary purpose of loan activities offered by banks?
(A) To compete with other financial institutions
(B) To generate profits for the primary sector only
(C) To increase income of MNCs
(D) To support economic growth
19. Match the following aspects of globalization with their descriptions and choose the
correct option.
List List
(Global Aspect) (Description)
I. Technological Advancement a. Interaction of ideas, values and traditions
II. Liberalization of Trad b. Companies operating in many countries
III. Cultural Exchange c. Innovation in manufacturing, communica-
tion and information
IV. Multinational Corporations d. The removal of restriction on trade
Options :
I II II IV
(A) a b c d
(B) c d a b
(C) d c b a
(D) b a d c
20. Choose the correct option regarding ‘Body Mass Index’ (BMI) from the following.
(A) Assessment of Blood Pressure (B) Assessment of Blood Sugar Level
(C) Assessment of Body Composition (D) Assessment of under Nutrition
SECTION B
(Very Short Answer Type Questions)
21. “Conservative regimes set up in Europe in 1815 were autocratic.” Support the state-
ment by giving any two arguments.
22. How is horizontal power sharing different from vertical ? Explain.
23. (a) Differentiate between Primitive Subsistence and Commercial Farming.
OR
(b) Differentiate between Rabi and Kharif cropping seasons.

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24. How can a nation achieve a balance between economic growth and environment
sustainability? Explain by giving any two arguments.
SECTION C
(Short Answer Type Questions)
25. (a) How was the ‘Silk Route’ an example of vibrant pre-modern trade? Explain.
OR
(b) How did food promote long-distance cultural contacts in the pre-modern world?
Explain.
26. “India’s prosperity lies in expanding and diversifying its manufacturing industries.”
Justify the statement.
27. Explain any three responsibilities carried out by the political parties in a democracy.
28. Examine the significance of credit in economic development of the country.
29. “Tertiary sector has a pivotal role in the economy of the country.” Support your answer
with day-to-day examples.
SECTION D
(Long Answer Type Questions)
30. (a) “The Gandhian idea of Satyagraha, emphasized the power of truth and struggle
against injustice.” Explain the statement with examples.
OR
(b) How did people belonging to different communities, regions and language groups
develop a sense of collective belonging in the late nineteenth century India? Explain
with examples.
31. (a) “Promotion of energy conservation is important plank of sustainable energy.” Ex-
plain the statement with examples.
OR
(b) “Energy is required for all kinds of activities.” Explain this statement with examples.
32. (a) Democracy is a better form of govt. than dictatorship. Analyse.
OR

(b) Democracy accommodates social diversities. Analyse.

33. (a) “Rapid improvement in technology has been one major factor that has stimulated
the globalisation process.” Explain the statement with examples.
OR
(b) “Foreign trade and foreign investment policies are the aspects of liberalisation and
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globalisation.” Explain the statement with examples.
SECTION E
(Case-Based/Source-Based Questions)
34. Read the following source and answer the questions that follow :
Print and Censorship
The power of the printed word is most often seen in the way governments seek to
regulate and suppress print. The colonial government kept continuous track of all
books and newspapers published in India and passed numerous laws to control the
press.
During the First World War, under the Defense of India Rules, 22 newspapers had to
furnish securities. Of these, 18 shut down rather than comply with government orders.
The Sedition Committee Report under Rowlatt in 1919 further strengthened controls
that led to imposition of penalties on various newspapers. At the outbreak of the Sec-
ond World War, the Defense of India Act was passed, allowing censoring of reports of
war-related topics. All reports about the Quit India Movement came under its purview.
In August 1942, about 90 newspapers were suppressed.
(34.1) What method did the colonial government employ to keep track of Indian news-
papers ?
(34.2) How did the colonial government’s laws affect the press ?
(34.3) Analyse the impact of ‘Sedition Committee’ on Newspapers.
35. Read the following source and answer the questions that follow :
Project Tiger
Tiger is one of the key wildlife species in the faunal web. In 1973, the authorities real-
ized that the tiger population had dwindled to 1,827 from an estimated 55,000 at the
turn of the 20th century. The major threats to tiger population are numerous, such
as poaching for trade, shrinking habitat, depletion of prey base species, growing hu-
man population, etc. The trade of tiger skins and the use of their bones in traditional
medicines, especially in the Asian countries left the tiger population on the verge of
extinction. Since India and Nepal provide habitat to about two-thirds of the surviving
tiger population in the world, these two nations become prime targets for poaching
and illegal trading.
“Project Tiger”, one of the well publicised wildlife campaigns in the world, was launched
in 1973. Tiger conservation has been viewed not only as an effort to save an endan-
gered species but with equal importance as a means of preserving biotypes of size-
able magnitude. Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand, Sunderbans National Park
in West Bengal, Bandhavgarh National Park in Madhya Pradesh, Sariska Wildlife
Sanctuary in Rajasthan, Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam and Periyar Tiger Reserve in
Kerala are some examples of the tiger reserves in India.
(35.1) Why was ‘Project Tiger’ considered a significant step for Tiger Conservation ?
(35.2) What role did India play in the global tiger population?
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(35.3) Mention any two major threats to the wildlife species.
36. Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow :
Linguistic diversity of India
How many languages do we have in India? The answer depends on how one counts
it. The latest information that we have is from the Census of India held in 2011. This
census recorded more than 1300 distinct languages which people mentioned as their
mother tongues. These languages were grouped together under some major languag-
es. For example, languages like Bhojpuri, Magadhi, Bundelkhandi, Chhattisgarhi, Ra-
jasthani and many others were grouped together under ‘Hindi’. Even after this group-
ing, the Census found 121 major languages. Of these, 22 languages are now included
in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution and are therefore called ‘Scheduled
Languages’. Others are called ‘Non-Scheduled Languages’. In terms of languages,
India is perhaps the most diverse country in the world.
(36.1) How many languages were recorded as mother tongues in the 2011 Census of
India ?
(36.2) How were the languages grouped together in the Census report?
(36.3) How does the inclusion of languages in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Con-
stitution contribute to linguistic diversity? Explain.
SECTION F
(Map Skill-Based Questions)
37. (a) Two places A and B have been marked on the given political outline map of India.
Identify them with the help of the following information and write their correct names
on the lines drawn near them :
(i) The place where Gandhiji broke Salt Law.
(ii) The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held in 1920.
(b) On the same political outline map of India, locate and label any three of the follow-
ing with suitable symbols :
(i) Salal - Dam
(ii) Kalpakkam - Nuclear Power Plant
(iii) Bengaluru – Software Technology Park
(iv) Mormugao - Major Sea Port

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 CBSE Board Question Paper Class 10

Answers
1. (C) 2. (A) 3. (C) 4. (B) / (D) 5. (A)
6. (D) 7. (C) 8. (D) 9. (A) / C) 10. (D)
11. (D) 12. (C) 13. (D) 14. (B) 15. (A)
16. (C) 17. (C) 18. (D) 19. (B) 20. (C)
21. Conservative regimes setup in Europe in 1815 were autocratic. Support the statement
by giving any two arguments.
(i) Conservatives wanted to restore traditional institutions of state and society.
(ii) Conservative regimes did not tolerate criticism and dissent.
(iii) They sought to curb activities that questioned the legitimacy of these govern-
ments.
(iv) Most of them imposed censorship laws to control what was said in newspaper,
books etc.
(v) Any other relevant point.
Any two arguments to be mentioned.
22. Horizontal power sharing
(i) Power is shared among different organs of the government such as legislature,
executive and judiciary.
(ii) It allows different organs of government placed at the same level to exercise differ-
ent powers.
(iii) Such a separation ensures that none of the organ exercises unlimited powers.
Vertical Power Sharing
(i) Powers is shared among governments at different levels such as General or Union
Government for the entire country and government at provincial or regional level.
(ii) The constitution clearly lays down the powers of different levels of government.
This is called federal division of power.
(iii) Different level exercise their powers independent of each other.
(iv) Any other relevant point of difference.
Any two points to be explained.
23. Primitive subsistence
(i) Primitive subsistence agriculture is practiced on small patches of land with the help
of primitive tools like hoe, dao and digging sticks and family / community labour.
(ii) This type of farming depends upon monsoons, natural fertility of the soil and suit-

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 CBSE Board Question Paper Class 10
ability of other environmental conditions to the crops grown.
(iii) It is ‘slash and burn’ agriculture. Farmers clear a patch of land and produce crops.
When soil fertility decreases, the farmers shift and clear a fresh patch of land for cul-
tivation.
(iv) Crops are produced to sustain the family.
(v) It is labour intensive farming, since most of the activities are done by human la-
bour.
(vi) Land fertility is low as fertilizers are not used.
(vii) This type of shifting allows nature to replenish the fertility of soil through natural
process.
Commercial Farming
(i) In this type of farming higher dose of modern inputs is used.
(ii) High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides
etc. are used obtain higher productivity.
(iii) The degree of commercialization of agriculture varies from one region to another.
For example, rice is a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab and it is a subsistence
crop in Odisha.
(iv) Commercial farming is done with the view to sell the crops and gain profit.
(v) It is capital intensive since it depends on machines to get the work done.
(vi) Land productivity is high.
(vii) Does not allow nature to replenish the soil fertility through natural process.
(viii) Any other relevant points.
Any two points to be differentiated.
OR
(b) Rabi Crops
(i) Rabi crops are sown in winter from October to December and harvested in summer
from April to June.
(ii) Some of the important rabi crops are wheat, barley, peas, gram and mustard.
(iii) Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand and Uttar
Pradesh are important for the production of rabi crops.
(iv) Require warm climate for germination and cold climate to grow. Availability of
precipitation during winter months due to the western temperate cyclones help in the
success of these crops.
Kharif Crops

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 CBSE Board Question Paper Class 10
(i) Kharif crops are grown with the onset of monsoon in different parts of the country
and these are harvested in September-October.
(ii) Important crops grown during this season are paddy, maize, jowar, bajra, tur (ar-
har), moong, urad, cotton, groundnut and soyabean.
(iii) Some of the important rice growing regions are Assam, west Bengal, coastal re-
gions of Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Maharashtra,
particularly the Konkan coast with Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
(iv) Kharif crops require hot weather and good rainfall.
(v) Any other relevant point.
Any two points to be differentiated.
24. (i) Sustainable development is environment friendly economic development which
advocates for conserving resources for future generations.
(ii) Development can be sustained in any economy by using renewable resources
such as hydel energy, wind energy and solar energy.
(iii) Non-renewable resources are those which get exhausted after years of use. We
have a fixed stock of these on earth which cannot be replenished. So their use should
be reduced.
(iv) Renewable resources are replenished by nature. However, even these resources
may be overused. For example, in case of groundwater, if we use more than what is
being replenished by rain then we would be overusing these resources. So they also
should be used wisely.
(v) Use of public transport, conservation of resources, reducing, recycling and reusing
of resources.
(vi) Any other relevant point.
Any two arguments to be explained.
25. (i) There were several silk routes over land and sea, knitting together vast regions of
Asia with Europe and Northern Africa.
(ii) West bound Chinese silk cargoes passed through these routes.
(iii) Chinese pottery, textiles and spices from India and Southeast Asia travelled the
silk routes.
(iv)In return, Precious metals-gold and silver-flowed from Europe to Asia.
(v) Any other relevant point.
Any three points to be explained.
OR
(b) (i) Traders and travelers introduced new foods/crops to the lands they travelled.
(ii) Noodles travelled from China to western countries to become spaghetti.
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 CBSE Board Question Paper Class 10
(iii) Arab traders took pasta to Sicily (now parts of Italy)
(iv) Potatoes, tomatoes, soya, groundnuts, maize, chillies, sweet potatoes etc. were
introduced in Europe and Asia after discovery of the Americas.
(v) Many of our common foods came from America’s original inhabitants-the American
Indians.
(vi) Any other relevant point.
Any three points to be explained.
26. (i) Manufacturing industries help in modernizing agriculture, which forms the back-
bone of our economy, they also reduce the heavy dependence of people on agricul-
tural income by providing them jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors.
(ii) Industrial development is a precondition for eradication of unemployment and pov-
erty from our country.
(iii) It aims at bringing down regional disparities by establishing industries in tribal and
backward areas.
(iv) Export of manufactured goods expands trade and commerce, and brings in much
needed foreign exchange.
(v) Countries that transform their raw materials into a wide variety of finished goods of
higher value are prosperous.
(vi) Any other relevant point.
Any three points to be explained.
27. (i) Political Parties contest elections.
(ii) Parties put forward different policies and
programmes and the voters choose from them.
(iii) Parties play a decisive role in making laws for a country.
(iv) Parties form and run the government.
(v) Parties recruit and train the leaders.
(vi) Parties play the role of opposition.
(vii) Parties shape public opinion.
(viii) Parties provide people access to government machinery and welfare schemes
implemented by governments.
(ix) Any other relevant point. Any three points to be explained.
28. (i) A large number of transactions in our day–to-day activities involve credit in some
form or the other.
(ii) Credit refers to an agreement in which the lender supplies the borrower with mon-

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ey, goods or services in return for the promise of future payment.
(iii) The credit helps people to meet the ongoing expenses of production, complete
production on time and thereby increase his earnings.
(iv) Credit plays a vital and positive role in case people need working capital for pro-
duction. Like crop production involves considerable costs on seeds, fertilizers, pesti-
cides, water, electricity, repair of equipment etc.
(v) Farmers usually take crop loans at the beginning of the season and repay the
loans after harvest.
Repayment of the loan is crucially dependent on the income from farming.
(vi) Any other relevant point.
Any three points to be examined.
29. (i) Tertiary sector is the third category of activities after primary and secondary sec-
tors.
(ii) The activities of tertiary sector help in the development of the primary and tertiary
sector.
(iii) These activities by themselves do not produce a good but they are an aid or a
support for the production process.
(iv) Tertiary sector provides services like transport, banking, communication, storage,
trade etc.
(v) Since these activities generate services rather than goods, the tertiary sector is
also called service sector.
It includes some essential services that may not directly help in production of goods.
For traders and doctors etc.
(vi) Tertiary sector provides employment to a large number of people.
(vii) The share of tertiary sector in GDP is the highest in our country.
(viii) Tertiary sector also helps in bringing the muchrequired foreign reserves.
(ix) Any other relevant point.
Any three examples to be explained.
30. (a) (i) The idea of satyagraha highlighted the power of truth and the need to search for
the truth.
(ii) Satyagraha was a novel method of mass agitation,
(iii) It stressed the principle of truth, tolerance, nonviolence and peaceful protests.
(iv) Satyagraha according to Gandhiji is not physical force but requires intense activ-
ity.
(v) The idea was to resist injustice without use of force.
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(vi) Gandhiji made people aware of their rights and encouraged them to fight for them
without using violence.
(vii) He organized Satyagrahas against oppressive plantation system in Champaran.
(viii) Organised satyagraha to help people in Kheda adversely affected by crop failure
who were demanding relaxation of revenue collection.
(ix) Organised satyagraha movement to help cotton mill workers in Ahmedabad.
(x) Later, he extended the practice of satyagraha in all major movements like Rowlatt
Satyagraha, Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement and Quit In-
dia Movement.
(xi) Any other relevant point. Any five points to be explained.
OR
(b) (i) With the growth of nationalism the identity of India was associated with the im-
age of Bharat Mata.
(ii) The image was first created by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. In the 1870s he
wrote ‘Vande Mataram’ as a hymn to the motherland. Later it was included in his novel
Anandmath and widely sung during the Swadeshi movement in Bengal.
(iii) During Swadeshi movement, Abanindranath Tagore painted his famous image
of Bharat Mata. In this painting Bharat Mata is portrayed as an ascetic figure; she is
calm, composed, divine and spiritual.
(iv) Ideas of nationalism also developed through a movement to revive Indian folklore.
(v) In late-nineteenth-century India, nationalists like Rabindra Nath Tagore and Na-
tesa Sastri began recording folk tales sung by bards and they toured villages to gather
folk songs and legends.
(vi) It was essential to preserve this folk tradition in order to discover one’s national
identity and restore a sense of pride in one’s past.
(vii) During the Swadeshi movement in Bengal, a tricolour flag was designed. It had
eight lotuses representing eight provinces of British India, and a crescent moon, rep-
resenting Hindus and Muslims.
(viii) Gandhiji designed a Swaraj flag. It was a tricolour flag with a spinning wheel in
the centre.
(ix) Another means of creating a feeling of nationalism was through reinterpretation of
History. By the end of the nineteenth century, many Indians began feeling, that to instil
a sense of pride in the nation; Indian history had to be thought about differently and
began looking into the past to discover India’s great achievement.
(x) Any other relevant point. Any five points to be explained.
31. (a) (i) Judicious use of limited energy resources.
(ii) For example, as concerned citizens we can do our bit by using public transport
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systems instead of individual vehicles.
(iii)Switching off electricity when not in use.
(iv) Using power saving devices.
(v) Using non-conventional sources of energy.
(vi) Any other relevant point. Any five points to be explained with examples.
OR
(b) (i) Energy is a basic requirement for economic development as it is needed for all
types of activities.
(ii) In agriculture, energy is required for water pumps, tractor and other harvesting
machines.
Green revolution further increased need of energy for using modern farming methods.
(iii) No industry can run without energy. With growth of industrial sector the need of
energy is rapidly rising all over the country.
(iv) Transport sector has high consumption of energy.
(v) Commercial and domestic sectors of the economy need inputs of energy.
(vi) Any other relevant point. Any five points to be explained with examples.
32. (a) (i) In democracy people have right to choose their rulers and have control over
rulers whereas in dictatorship people cannot exercise this right.
(ii) There are regular free and fair elections, open public debates on major policies in
democracy whereas in dictatorship people don’t get these rights.
(iii) Citizens’ right to information about government and its functioning ensures ac-
countability of government whereas this accountability is missing in dictatorship.
(iii) In democracy decision making is based on the idea of deliberation and negotia-
tions whereas in dictatorship, rulers do not bother about public opinion.
(iv) Democratic governments attend to the needs of people as they want to be elected
again. In dictatorship, rulers don’t have to bother about elections.
(v) Democratic governments follow norms and procedures.
Citizens have rights and means to examine the process of decision making.
This feature is missing in dictatorship.
(vi) Democratic governments accommodate various social divisions.
(vii) Equal political rights, freedom of speech and expression enhance dignity of citi-
zens and transform them from the status of subject into that of a citizens.
(viii) Any other relevant point. Any five points to be analyzed
OR
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(b) Democracy can better accommodate various social divisions
(i) Accommodation of social diversity in democracy helps the citizens to lead a peace-
ful and harmonious life. For example, Belgium successfully negotiated differences
among ethnic populations.
(ii) Democracies usually develop a procedure to accommodate competition amongst
various social groups.
(iii) Democracies are better able to evolve mechanism to handle and negotiate the
social differences, divisions and conflicts.
(iv) Majority works with minority so that governments function to represent general
view.
(v) It is tried that rule of majority doesn’t become rule of majority community in terms
of religion, race or language etc.
(vi) Every citizen gets a chance of being in majority at some point of time.
(vii) Any other relevant point. Any five points to be analyzed.
33. (a) i. Rapid improvement in technology has been one major factor that has stimulated
the globalisation process.
ii. For instance, the past fifty years have seen several improvements in transportation
technology.
iii. This has made much faster delivery of goods across long distances possible at
lower costs.
iv. Even more remarkable have been the developments in information and commu-
nication technology. In recent times, technology in the areas of telecommunications,
computers, Internet has been changing rapidly.
v. Telecommunication facilities (telegraph, telephone including mobile phones, fax)
are used to contact one another around the world.
vi. Any other relevant point. Any five points to be explained.
OR
(b) Foreign Trade and Foreign investment are main channels of connecting countries.
(i) Foreign Trade creates opportunities for producers to reach beyond domestic mar-
kets and invest outside for better returns.
(ii) Gives consumers more choices at less cost across the countries.
(iii) Liberal policies of government i.e. removing barriers on imports and exports facili-
tate foreign trade and foreign investment.
(iv) Liberalisation leads to expansion of foreign trade resulting in connecting of mar-
kets of various countries.
(v) Multinational Corporations expand their production and invest capital in various

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 CBSE Board Question Paper Class 10
countries and produce the goods globally.
(vi) For operating smoothly they need favourable government policies(libaralisation).
(vii) Any other relevant point. Any five points to be explained
34. 34.1 (i) Colonial Government passed Vernacular Press Act and other rules to control
the press.
(ii) Imposition of penalties.
(iii) Government kept regular track of the vernacular newspapers.
(iv) Censoring of reports of war related topics.
(v) Any other relevant point. Any one point to be mentioned
34.2 (i) During the First World War, under the Defence of India Rules 22 newspapers had
to furnish securities and 18 of these shut down.
(ii) There were strong protest by Indians.
(iii) Liberty of Press was lost.
(iv) Many people were imprisoned when they broke these laws.
(v) Any other relevant point. Any one point to be mentioned.
34.3 (i) When a report was judged as seditious, the newspaper was warned.
(ii) If the warning was ignored, the press was liable to be seized and the printing ma-
chinery to be confiscated.
(iii) Any other relevant point.
35. 35.1 Why was ‘Project Tiger’ considered a significant step for Tiger Conservation?
(i) ’Project Tiger’ is an effort to save a single species on a large scale.
(ii) Project aimed to address the decline in tiger numbers caused by threats like poach-
ing, habitat loss, depletion of prey species and human encroachment.
(iii) Played vital role in safeguarding the tiger population while indirectly protecting
entire ecosystems.
(iv) Any other relevant point. Any one point to be mentioned
35.2 (i) Wildlife Protection Act for protecting Habitat
(ii) Ban on hunting
(iii) Restriction on trade in wildlife
(iv) National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuary
(v) India and Nepal provide habitat to about two-third of the surviving tiger population
in the world.
(vi) Project Tiger was launched to protect tigers and their habitats.
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 CBSE Board Question Paper Class 10
(vii) There are 39 tiger reserves in India.
(viii) Any other relevant point. Any one point to be mentioned
35.3 (i) Poaching for trade: Illegal hunting of tigers for their valuable skin and bones used
in traditional medicines.
(ii) Habitat Loss: Human activities like deforestation, urban expansion and agricultural
activities etc.
(iii) Depletion of prey base species: Reduction in the number of animals that tiger prey
upon, resulting in food scarcity.
(iv) Any other relevant point. Any two points to be mentioned.
36. 36.1 (1) The census of India recorded more than1300 distinct languages as mother
tongues.
36.2 The languages like Bhojpuri, Magadhi, Bundelkhandi, Chhattisgarhi, Rajasthani were
grouped under the category of “Hindi”.
36.3 (i) It recognizes their cultural and linguistic significance.
(ii) It helps protect and promote these languages, ensuring that speakers have access
to education and government services in their native languages.
(iii) Most of these languages are also the official languages of their respective states.
(iv)Any other relevant point. Any two points to be mentioned

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 CBSE Board Question Paper Class 10
37.

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