5 Magnetic Effects of

Electric Current
Multiple choice questions (1 Mark)
1. The magnetic field lines due to a straight wire carrying a current are

Magnetic field around a straight

current carrying conductor
(1) straight (2) circular (3) parabolic (4) elliptical
Ans. Option (2)
The magnetic field around a straight current carrying conductor are inform of concentric circles.
2. A student places some iron fillings around a
magnet. The iron fillings strange themselves P Q
as shown in image. The student labelled four
different regions around the magnet. Where
would be the magnetic field the strongest? R
(1) S (2) R (3) Q (4) P S
Ans. Option (2)
The amount of iron filings that stick to a bar magnet depends on the strength of the magnet.
The magnetism of a bar magnet is maximum at its two poles and minimum in the middle.
3. A student learns that magnetic field strength around a bar magnet is different at every
point. Which diagram shows the correct magnetic field lines around a bar magnet?

(1)
(2)

(3) (4)

Ans.Option (2)
Figure in option (2) represent correct arrangement of magnetic field lines around a bar magnet.
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NCERT Course : Class 10
4. The direction of the force on a current carrying wire placed in a magnetic field depends on
(1) the direction of the current but not on the direction of the field
(2) the direction of field but not on the direction of the current
(3) the direction of the current as well as the direction of the field
(4) neither the direction of the current nor the direction of the fields
Ans. Option (3)
The direction of the force on a current carrying wire placed in a magnetic field depends on
the direction of current as well as field.
5. The image shows the magnetic field lines around a straight current carrying conductor.
If the direction of the current in the straight wire is changed, what change in the magnetic
field line will be observed?
Wire

Magnetic
field lines

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Ans. Option (1)

The figure shown in option (1) correct represent the change in the magnetic field lines
when the direction of the electric current in the straight wire is changed.
6. Which diagram shows the magnetic field lines around a current carrying circular loop?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Ans. Option (2)

Figure in option (2) Shows the magnetic field lines around a current carrying circular loop.
7. What is the direction of magnetic field at a point A above the wire carrying current I as
shown in figure? A•
(1) Out of page (2) Into the page
(3) Up the page (4) Dow the page I
Ans. Option (1)
Using right hand thumb rule, if we place our thumb in the direction of current, magnetic
field at point A will be out of the page.
8. According to international convention of colour coding in a wire.
(1) live is red, neutral is black and earth is green
(2) live is brown, neutral is blue and earth is green
(3) live is brown, neutral is green and earth is black
(4) live is red, neutral is yellow and earth is blue.
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Ans. Option (2)
According to international convention of colour coding in a wire live is brown, neutral is
blue and earth is green.
9. Column I contains some features of AC supply in India and column II contains their relevant
values/details. Match column I and II.
Column-I Column-II
(A) Value of the frequency of AC supply in India (p) Green (yellow)
(B) Colour of the earth wire in household wiring (q) 50
(C) Colour of the wire in which the ‘switch’ needs to be put in a (r) 15
domestic electric circuits.
(D) Rating of the fuse wire (in A) used in domestic power circuits (s) Red/Brown
(1) (A)→ p ; (B) → q ; (C) → r ; (D) → s (2) (A)→ r ; (B) → p ; (C) → q ; (D) → s
(3) (A)→ q ; (B) → p ; (C) → s ; (D) → r (4) (A)→ s ; (B) → r ; (C) → q ; (D) → p
Ans. Option (3)
(A)→ q ; (B) → p ; (C) → s ; (D) → r
10. A current through a horizontal power line flows in east to west direction. The direction of
magnetic field at a point directly below it is from
(1) North to South (2) South to North
(3) West to Easte (4) North to West
Ans. Option (1)
The current is in the east-west direction. Applying the right hand thumb rule, the direction
of magnetic field at a point directly below it is form North to South.
11. Appliances that have metal body are generally connected to the earthing wire. What is the
reason to earth these wires?
(1) to prevent excess of current
(2) to prevent the leakage of current
(3) to provide extra current to appliance
(4) to provide high resistance to the appliance
Ans. Option (2)
The metallic body of electric appliance is connected to the earth using earth wire so that
any leakage of electric current is transferred to the ground.
12. The strength of magnetic field inside a long current carrying straight solenoids is
(1) more at the ends than at the centre
(2) minimum in the middle
(3) same at all points
(4) found to increase from one end to the other
Ans. Option (3)
The strength of magnetic field lines inside a long current carrying long solenoid is same at
all points because the magnetic field lines are straight, equal-spaced and parallel.

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NCERT Course : Class 10
13. For a current in a long straight solenoid N and S poles are created at the two ends. Among
the following statement, the incorrect statement is
(1) The field lines inside the solenoids are in the form of straight lines which indicate that
the magnetic field is same at all points in the solenoid
(2) The strong magnetic field produced inside the solenoid can be used to magnetise a
piece of magnetic material, when soft iron is placed inside the coil.
(3) The pattern of magnetic field associated with the solenoid is different from the pattern
of the magnetic field around a bar magnet.
(4) The N and S poles exchange positions when the direction of current through the
solenoid is reversed.
Ans. Option (3)
Statement (3) is not correct as the pattern of magnetic field lines associated with the
solenoid is same as the pattern of magnetic field lines around a bar magnet.
14. If the key (K) in the arrangement (figure) is taken out (i.e., circuit is made open) and the
magnetic field lines are drawn over the horizontal plane ABCD, the lines are
Variable resistance
– (A )+
+
A Long straight
conductor –
D O B
C
( )
•
K
(1) concentric circles
(2) elliptical in shapes
(3) straight lines parallel to each other
(4) concentric circles near the point 0, but of
elliptical shapes as we go away from it
Ans. Option (3)
If key is taken out, then current will stop and no magnetic field exists due to the conductor.
Therefore, at point O, there will be earth’s magnetic field and they will be straight lines
parallel to each other.
15. A metal rod PQ is placed in the magnetic field. The ends of the rod are connected with a
battery using wires. Where will the rod move?
Magnetic field
Rod

P Q

+ –
(1) Into the field (2) Upward (3) Downwards (4) Out of the field

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Ans. Option (4)
According to Fleming’s left-hand rule the rod will move out of the plane. The left hand’s
forefinger, middle finger, and thumb should all be stretched out so that they are
perpendicular to one another.

16. A circular loop placed in a plane perpendicular to O the plane of paper carries a current
when the key (K) is ON. The current as seen from points A and B (in the plane of paper
and on the axis of the coil) is anticlockwise and clockwise respectively. The magnetic field
line point from B to A. The North pole of the resultant magnet is on the close to
A B
s
+ –

Variable
resistance

+ –
A ( )
•
K

(1) A
(2) B
(3) A if current is small and B if current is large
(4) B if current is small and A if current is large.
Ans. Option (A)
According to given situation the magnetic field lines point from B to A.
17. An electron enters a magnetic field at right angles to it, as shown in figure. The direction of
force acting on the electron will be

Magnetic field

Electron

(1) to the right (2) to the left

(3) out of the page (4) into the page
Ans. Option (4)
According to Flemings left hand rule, direction of current is taken opposite to the direction
of motion of electrons, thus force will be directed into the page.

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NCERT Course : Class 10
18. Which diagram shows the domestic electric circuit?

Live wire

220 V
(1)
Neutral wire
Electricity Electricity
Board's fuse meter
Distribution box
Containing main
switch and fuse
for each circuit

Neutral wire

220 V
(2)
Live wire
Electricity Electricity
Board's fuse meter
Distribution box
Containing main
switch and fuse
for each circuit

Livewire

Earth wire
220 V

(3)
Neutral wire
Electricity Electricity
Board's fuse meter
Distribution box
Containing main switch
and fuse for each circuit

Earth wire

Live wire
220 V

(4) Neutral wire

Electricity Electricity
Board's fuse meter
Distribution box
Containing main
switch and fuse
for each circuit
Ans. Option (4)
Figure in option (4) correct represent the house wiring in domestic electric circuit.

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Assertion and Reason questions
The following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer
these questions.
(1) Both A and R are true anad R is the correct explanation of A.
(2) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(3) A is true but R is false.
(4) A is false but R is true.
19. Assertion (A) : The magnitude of the magnetic field at a point on the axis of a current
carrying solenoid is inversely proportional to the current flowing through the solenoid.
Reason (R) : The magnitude of the magnetic field at a point on the axis of a current carrying
solenoid is directly proportional to the number of turns per unit length of a solenoid.
Ans. Option (4)
The magnitude of the magnetic field at a point on the axis of a current carrying solenoid is
directly proportional to the current.
20. Assertion (A) : A compass needle is placed near a current carrying wire. The deflection of
the compass needle decreases when the magnitude of an electric current in the wire is
increased.
Reason (R) : Strength of a magnetic field at a point near the conductor increases on
increasing the current.
Ans. Option (4)
The deflection of the compass increases when current increases.
21. Assertion (A) : A compass needle is placed near a current carrying wire. The deflection of
the compass needle decreases when the compass needle is displaced away from the wire.
Reason (R) : Strength of magnetic field decreases as one moves away from a current
carrying conductor.
Ans. Option (1)
22. Assertion (A) : The strength of the magnetic field produced at the centre of current
carrying circular coil increases on increasing the radius of the circular coil.
Reason (R) : Magnetic field strength is inversely proportional to the radius of the circular coil.
Ans. Option (4)
The strength of the magnetic field produced at the centre of a current carrying coil
decreases on increasing the radius of circular coil.
23. Assertion (A) : The strength of the magnetic field produced at the centre of a current
carrying circular coil increases on increasing the number of turns of the circular coil.
Reason (R) : Magnetic field strength is directly proportional to the number of turns of the
circular coil.
Ans. Option (1)
The strength of the magnetic field produced at the centre of a current carrying circular coil
increases on increasing the number of turns of the circular coil and magnetic field strength
is directly proportional to the number of turns of the circular coil.
24. Assertion (A) : On freely suspending a current-carrying solenoid, it comes to rest in N-S
direction just like a bar magnet.
Reason (R) : One end of current carrying straight solenoid behaves as a North pole and
the other end as a South pole.
Ans. Option (1)
On freely suspending a current-carrying solenoid, it comes to rest in N-S direction just like
a bar magnet and one end of current carrying straight solenoid behaves as a North pole
and the other end as a South pole.
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NCERT Course : Class 10
25. Assertion (A) : Alternating current is used in household supply.
Reason (R) : AC electric power can be transmitted over long distances without much loss
of energy.
Ans. Option (1)
Alternating current is used in household supply and transmitting alternating current leads
to lower energy losses than direct current.
Very short answer type questions (1 mark)
26. How can we find out the direction of magnetic field at a point on the magnetic field line?
Ans. We can find the direction of magnetic field at a point on the magnetic field line by placing
a magnetic compass at that point or drawing a tangent to the magnetic field line at that
point.

A
S N Direction of magnetic field at A
(a tangent at A)
figure 1 figure 2
27. Why does a compass needle get deflected when brought near a bar magnet?
Ans. Magnetic field of the bar magnet applies force on the compass needle (which is itself a small
bar magnet) when brought near it. This force on needle deflects the needle.
28. Draw the pattern of magnetic field lines around a straight current carrying conductor.

Ans.

N
S
I

29. On what factors does the magnetic field due to a current carrying straight conductor depends?
Ans. The magnetic field due to a current carrying straight conductor depends on
1
(i) magnitude of electric current (B  I) (ii) distance from the conductor (B  )
r
30. When will a current carrying conductor experience no force when placed in a magnetic
field?
Ans. The force experienced by a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field is zero
when the conductor is placed such that the direction of current in it is parallel or
antiparallel to the direction of magnetic field.
31. An alternating current has frequency of 50 Hz. How many times does it change its direction
in one second?
OR
How many time does AC used in India change direction in one second?
Ans. Since frequency is 50 Hz, so a.c. completes 50 cycles in 1 second. Therefore, it reverses its
direction 100 times in one second.

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Short answer type questions (2 marks)
32. What are the factors on which the magnetic field at the centre of the current carrying
circular coil depends?
Ans. Magnetic field at the centre of the current carrying circular coil depends on the following
factors
(i) Inversely on the radius of the coil.
(ii) Directly on the strength of current flowing through the coil.
(iii) Directly on the number of turns in the coil.
33. On what factors does the magnetic field produced by a current carrying solenoid depend?
Ans. (i) the strength of the current flowing through the solenoid.
(ii) the number of turns of the wire of the solenoid.
(iii) the nature of the material inside the solenoid.
34. Current is flowing clockwise in a circular coil lying in the plane of a table. Using Right Hand
Thumb rule, state the direction of the magnetic field inside and outside the coil.
State right hand thumb rule.
OR
Consider a circular loop of wire lying in the plane of a table. Let the current pass through
the loop clockwise. Apply the right hand rule to find the direction of the magnetic field
inside and outside the loop.
Ans. Magnetic field inside the coil is perpendicular to the plane of the
table and in the downward direction. However, outside the coil, the
magnetic field is perpendicular to the plane of the table and in the
upward direction.
Right hand thumb rule : ‘Imagine that you are holding a current-
carrying straight conductor in your right hand and the thumb is N
stretched along the direction of current, then, your fingers will S
wrap around the conductor in the direction of the field lines of the I
magnetic field’.

35. A coil of insulated wire is connected to a galvanometer. What would be seen if a bar magnet
with its south pole facing the plane of the coil is
(a) moved quickly towards it ? (b) moved quickly away from it?
(c) placed near coil's one face? (d) name the phenomena involved.
Ans. (a) There is deflection in the needle of the galvanometer.
(b) There is deflection in the needle of the galvanometer but in opposite direction.
(c) There is no deflection in the needle of the galvanometer.
(d) Electromagnetic induction.
36. A horizontal power line carries current in east to west direction. What is the direction of
the magnetic field due to the current in the power line at a point above and at a point below
the power line?
Ans. According to right-hand thumb rule :
(i) the direction of magnetic field at a point above the power lines is from south to north,
(ii) the direction of magnetic field at a point below the power line is from north to south.
Power line N
W E
S
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NCERT Course : Class 10
37. What is a solenoid? Draw the pattern of magnetic field lines of a solenoid through which a
steady currents flows. What does the pattern of field lines inside the solenoid indicate?
Ans. Solenoid : A coil of many circular turns of insulated copper wire wrapped in the shape of
cylinder is called solenoid.

S N

+ –
K

The pattern of magnetic field lines inside the solenoid indicates that the magnetic field is
the same at all points inside the solenoid. That is, the field is uniform inside the solenoid.
Short answer type questions (3 marks)
38. Find the direction of magnetic field due to a current carrying circular coil held :
(i) Vertically in North-South plane and an observer looking it from East sees the current
to flow in anti-clockwise direction.
(ii) Vertically in East-West plane and an observer looking it from South sees the current
to flow in anti-clockwise direction.
(iii) Horizontally and an observer looking at it from below sees current to flow in clockwise
direction.
Ans. (i) When the coil is kept in the North-South plane and the current is flowing anti-
clockwise through the loop while observed from east, then the magnetic field is in the
West to East direction.
(ii) When the coil is in vertically East-West plane and current through the coil is in anti-
clockwise direction, then the magnetic field is in the North to South direction.
(iii) When a circular coil carrying current is placed horizontally and the direction of the
current is clockwise as seen by observer below coil, then the direction of the field for
the observer positioned below the coil is in the upward direction.
39. (a) Draw a schematic labelled diagram of a domestic wiring circuit which includes
(i) a main fuse (ii) a power meter (iii) one light point (iv) a power output socket
(b) In this circuit, on which wire of the circuit is the mains on/off switch connected?
Ans. (a) Schematic labelled diagram of a domestic wiring
Live Main Meter Consumer’s
wire fuse 274 fuse
S
L F 8kW F To fan
N h
Neutral wire
The live wire E
and neutral Earth Earth Bul S T
wire are S
connection wire b 2
coming form the Switch
1
Switch
electric pole for bulb for socket Socket
Domestic electric wiring from electric pole to a room
(b) As shown in this circuits, mains on/off switch is connected with live wire and neutral wire.

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40. Explain what is short circuiting and overloading in an electric supply.
Ans. Short circuiting : Whenever live and neutral wires come in direct contact with each other,
the incident is called short circuiting. In this case, resistance of circuit decreases to a very
small value. The decreasing of resistance increases the current in the electric circuit. Due
to this increased current, the wires get heated. This extreme heat may cause fire in the
building.
Overloading : Every supply has a capacity to bear a maximum load, i.e., the power that can
be supplied has a limit. Sometimes, the number of appliances which are switched on at the
same time have power more than the capacity of the line. This is called overloading. In this
situation, wires of the supply get heated due to extremely large current flowing through
them and the circuit may catch fire. To avoid this fire, we use an electric fuse in the circuit.
Long answer type questions (5 marks)
41. Explain, why electric power is transmitted at high voltage and low currents to distant
places?
Ans. (a) First, keep in mind that for transmitting electrical power -
(i) A transformer is used at each sending and receiving end of transmission line.
(ii) Power to be transferred is aimed to be kept constant.
(iii) Current flowing in a transmission line in same through.
(iv) Loss of power is a function of current and resistance, NOT voltage and resistance
because power losses occur only when there is flow of charge i.e. current flow.
So, to minimize the losses of power during its transmission, a step up transformer is
used at sending end of transmission line. The step up transformer provides higher
voltage and lower current flow as an output from sending end which reduces the
power loss (I2R) during power transmission through the conductors.
At the receiving end, the step down transformer changes the level of voltage from
higher to down as per the voltage level needed there. Obviously, the step down
transformer reduces the voltage level and increases the current flow.
Another important reason is weight. In order to transmit more current and keep losses
under control, one would need a bigger wire, with a larger sectional area.
Such a wire would weight a lot more than the thinner wire that can transmit lower
currents. Heavier cables use more metal, are more expensive, and limit the cable span
(the distance between the towers), requiring more towers to be erected over the same
distance. So, conductors with lesser cross sections are used.
42. A student fixes a sheet of white paper on a drawing board. He place a bar magnet in the
centre of it. He sprinkles some iron filings uniformly around the bar magnet. Then he taps
the board gently and observes that the iron filling arrange themselves in a particular
pattern.
(a) Why do the iron fillings arrange in a pattern?
(b) What does the crowding of iron fillings at the end of the magnet indicate?
(c) What does the lines along which the iron filings align represent?
(d) Draw a neat diagram to show the magnetic field lines around a bar magnet.
(e) Write any two properties of magnetic field lines.
Ans. (a) The arrangement of iron fillings in a pattern indicates the magnetic field lines of the
bar magnet.
(b) Magnetic field is strongest at the poles.
(c) Magnetic field lines.

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(d) Magnetic field lines of a bar magnet.
(e) Properties of magnetic lines of force (any two)
(1) In a magnet, magnetic field lines arise from north
pole in the surrounding space and enter the south
pole.
(2) Magnetic field lines can never intersect each other
S N
because if they intersect at a point, magnetic field at
that point will have two directions which is not
possible. (If we put a magnetic needle at such a point,
it will point in two directions, that is impossible !!)
(3) The relative strength of the magnetic field is shown
by the degree of closeness of the field lines. The
crowded lines represent strong magnetic field while
distant lines represent weak magnetic field.
(4) The magnetic field lines are continuous or closed curves, they are directed south to
north within the material of the magnet.
43. Current-time graph from two different sources are shown in the following diagram.
Now, answer the following questions.
(i) Name the type of current shown by graph A and
graph B.

Current
Current

(ii) Name any one source of the current shown by

graph A and graph B. 0.01 0.02
Time Time
(iii) What is the frequency of current in case A and B? (in second) (in second)
(iv) Write two difference between the current shown (A) (B)
by graph A and B.
OR
Write one difference between A.C. and DC
Ans. (i) Graph A represents direct current (DC). Graph B represents alternating current (AC).
(ii) A dry cell is the source of current shown by graph A. An AC generator is the source of
current shown by the graph B.
(iii) The frequency of DC (graph A) is always zero. From graph B, time period, T = 0.02 s.
1 1
Therefore, frequency of AC, f = = = 50 Hz.
T 0.02
(iv) Differences between AC and DC are :
Direct current Alternating current
The magnitude of direct current is The magnitude of AC changes with time and
constant and it flows in one direction direction of alternating current reverses
only. periodically.
Direct current cannot be used for large Alternating current is used for large scale supply
scale supply of electricity for of electricity both for house hold and industrial
household purpose. purposes.
The frequency of direct current is zero. Frequency of alternating current in India is 50
Hz.

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44. A fuse wire is a safety device to protect the electric circuit. Ashok used a fuse rated as 5 A
in a circuit in which an electric heater of 2 kW was connected with the main supply of 220
V. The heater was not operating as the fuse wire melted on switching. Ashok was puzzled
and he discussed the problem with his friend Ram. Ram suggested him to use a fuse rated
10 A in the circuit. The problem of Ashok was solved as the heater was now working.
(i) How much current was flowing in the circuit with the fuse rated 10 A?
(ii) What is the role of fuse used in series with any electrical appliance? Why should a fuse
with defined rating not be replaced by one with a larger rating?
P 2000
Ans. (i) I = = = 9.09 A.
V 220
(ii) Fuse is used for protecting appliances due to short-circuiting or overloading. The fuse
is rated for a certain maximum current and blows off when a current more than the
rated value flows through it. If a fuse is replaced by one with larger ratings, the
appliances may get damaged while the protecting fuse does not burn off. This practice
of using fuse of improper rating should always be avoided.
45. (i) Briefly explain an activity to plot the magnetic field lines around a straight current
carrying conductor. Sketch the field pattern for the same, specifying current and field directions.
(ii) What happens to the field, (a) if the strength of the current is decreased? (b) if the
direction of the current is reversed?
Ans. (i) The pattern of magnetic field lines around a straight conductor carrying current can
be described by the following activity.
–A Compass Current
Ammeter
+ needle
+
–
Plastic board
Rh Key
(a) Insert vertically a long straight wire carrying an electric current so that it passes
through the centre of a horizontal piece of plastic board as shown in figure.
(b) Take care that the plastic board is fixed and does not move up and down. Now, sprinkle
some iron filings onto the plastic board to show the shape of the field.
(c) You will notice that the iron filings get arranged round the wires in the shape of circles.
This is due to the reason that the magnetic field lines around the current carrying
straight conductor are circular. The iron filings align along these field lines.
(d) On reversing the direction of flow of current, we observe that the iron fillings arrange
themselves again in circles around the wire showing that the magnetic field lines are
still circular in nature.
The direction of the magnetic field can be obtained by using a compass. If the current
direction is reversed, the direction of the magnetic field is also reversed.
(ii) (a) When current through the wire is decreased, field strength also gets reduced.
(b) When the current is reversed, field also gets reversed in direction.
Case Study/Source Based Question
46. Read the following passage. Answer the following questions.
The diagram show a beam of electrons about to enter a magnetic field. The direction of the
field is into the page.
× × × ×
×
Electron beam ×
× × × Magnetic field
× × × into page
× × × ×

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NCERT Course : Class 10
(a) What will be the direction of current as electron beam enters from left to right and
magnetic field is into the field as shown in diagram ?
(b) A positive charge is moving upwards in a magnetic field directed towards north. In which
direction the particles will be deflected?
(c) Which rule is applied to determine the direction of deflection, if any, as the beam passes
through the magnetic field (as shown in diagram) ?
(d) State the conclusion that can be drawn from the observation that a current carrying wire
deflects a magnetic needle placed near it.
Ans. (a) The direction of current is from right to left.
(b) The particles will be deflected in west direction.
(c) As, the beam passes through magnetic field, the direction of deflection is determined by
Fleming’s left hand rule. According to Fleming’s left hand rule, force is perpendicular to
the flow of current.
(d) Current carrying wire exhibits properties of magnetism which indicate that electricity
and magnetism are related phenomena.
47. Read the following passage. Answer the following questions.
In India, alternating current is supplied for domestic purposes by power distribution
companies. Two separate wires live wire and neutral wire are used for this purpose. Live
wire is maintained at 220 V, while the neutral wire is at 0 V. As a result, a potential difference
of 220 V is maintained across these two wires. A third wire called earth wire is also used in
domestic circuits as a safety measure.
We know that in domestic circuits, all the appliances are connected in parallel and are
designed to handle a limited amount of electricity. In parallel circuits, if we add more and
more appliances with too many branches, more current is drawn from the amin supply. The
circuit will become overloaded’ connecting wires heat up and may cause fire. This is the
great disadvantage of parallel circuits.
Dimming lights when you turn on other appliances, warming of switch covers etc. are the
indicators for overloading of circuits. The most important indication for overloading is
blown of fuse or tripping of circuit breaker. This breaks the continuous pathway of the
circuit and circuit becomes inactive. The professional electrician diagnoses the problem and
fixes it and than rest the circuit breaker or fuse.
(a) What precautions should be taken to avoid overloading of domestic circuits?
(b) When current exceeds the fuse rating, fuse gets blown off. Why ?
(c) Mention the insulation colour of wires used in domestic circuits.
Ans. (a) The precautions that should be taken to avoid overloading of domestic circuits are –
(i) Too many appliances should not be connected to a single socket at the same time.
(ii) High power rating electrical device should not be used at the same time.
(b) Fuse element has high resistance and low melting point. It is connected in series with
live wire. When current flows exceed the fuse rating, its temperature increases. This
make it overheated (H = I2Rt). As a result, fuse element will melt and breaks the
connection that was completing the entire circuit.
(c) The insulation colour of wire used in domestic circuit :
(i) Red colour insulation wire – Live wire
(ii) Black colour insulation wire – Neutral wire
(iii) Green colour insulation wire – Earth wire

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