Formwork Design Calculation

Codes & References

British Standards:
BS 1139-1.2: 1990 Metal scaffolding
BS 2482: 2009 Timber scaffold boards
BS 5950-1: 2000 Structural use of steelwork in building
BS 5973: 1993(1) Access and working scaffolds and special scaffold
structures in steel BS 5974: 2010 Temporary suspended access equipment
BS 5975: 2008 +A1: 2011 Temporary works procedures and the permissible stress
design of falsework BS 6399-2: 1997(1) Wind loads
BS EN 12810-1:2003 Façade scaffolds made of prefabricated components
BS EN 12811-1:2003 Temporary works equipment Scaffolds Performance requirements
and general design BS EN 13374:2004 Temporary edge protection systems. Product
specification, test methods
BS EN 1991-2: 2003 Eurocode 1. Actions on structures. Traffic loads on bridges
BS EN 39: 2001 Loose steel tubes for tube and coupler scaffolds. Technical delivery conditions

Page 2 of 12
 Static Check for Slab Formwork
Design assumptions
Weight of Fresh Concrete: 25 kN/m3
Live Load: 4 kN/m2
Formwork Weight: 0.50 kN/m2
Load Computation.
Load Concrete Thickness Live Load Formwork Computed
Concrete Thickness (kN/m2) Formwork Computed
(kN/m3) (m) Weight Load(kN/m2)
(kN/m2)
Slab 25 0.15 4.0 0.5 11.13

Total Dead Load = 1𝑚 𝑥 1𝑚 𝑥 0.15𝑚 𝑥 25 + 0.5 = 3.8 𝑘𝑁/𝑚

Total Live Load = 4 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
Ultimate Design Load = 1.35 𝑥 3.8 + 1.5 𝑥 4 = 11.13 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
Element Data
Beams (Please refer Technical Data Sheet) mm
W = 80 mm
EI = 500 KN-m2
Permissible Shear = 11 KN
Permissible Moment = 5 KN.m
Flex System
Prop Load Capacity = 20 kN minimum (Please refer Technical Data Sheet)
Shoring System
Leg Load Capacity = 55.4 kN (Please refer Technical Data Sheet)
Analysis:

Details from the drawings

 Slab thickness- 150 mm

 Max. Spacing for secondary beams- 600 mm c/c
 Max. Spacing of Primary beams- 1000 mm c/c

Page 3 of 12
  Max. Spacing of Props- 1000 mm c/c

Check on 18mm Plywood

From the Deflection diagram,

Max. Deflection for the spacing of 500mm = 1.5 mm

Permissible Deflection = L/300 = 500/300 = 1.67 mm

Therefore, Max. Deflection is less than the permissible deflection. Hence H20 Timber beam is
safe for 18mm thick plywood to withstand the load of 11.13 kN/m2

Check On Secondary Beam Spaced @ 500 mm C/C.

Max. Support (Primary beam) spacing= 1.00 m

Load on Secondary beams = Load on Plywood x Secondary spacing

= 11.13x0.6 = 6.678 kN/m

Page 4 of 12
 Figure 1. Maximum bending moment on secondary beam

Figure 2. Maximum shear force on secondary beam

From attached drawing and analysis,

Max. Shear = 2.9 kN < 11 kN OK

Page 5 of 12
 Max. Moment = 0.7 kN-m < 5.0 kN.m. OK

Check On Primary Beam Spaced @ 1000 mm C/C.

Load on Primary= Max. Reaction on Secondary/Secondary Spacing

= 5.79/0.5 = 11.58 kN/m

Analysis:

Figure 3. Maximum shear force on primary beam

Page 6 of 12
 Figure 4. Maximum bending moment on primary beam

From attached drawing and analysis,

Max. Shear = 5.8 KN < 11.0 KN OK

Max. Moment = 1.45 KN-m < 5.00 KN-m OK

Check On Props

Prop Spacing = 1.00 m

From the primary beam analysis, max. Reaction = 11.61 kN

Prop Load = 11.61 KN < 27.00 KN OK. (Refer Technical Data Sheet for Props)

Conclusion

Therefore, we conclude that all the load bearing elements are statically checked and are safe to
withstand the applied load as per the designed spacing.

Steel Prop Calculation

Steel prop, its maximum height for use is 3.5 meters, minimum height is 2 meters,

Page 7 of 12
intubation dimension is ø48x3.0,

L=1894mm,

section area A1=4240mm2, inertia moment I1=107800mm4, gyration radius r1=15.94mm；

The steel casing dimension is ø60x3.0,

L=1694mm，

Section area A2=537mm2，inertia moment I2=218800mm4, gyration radius r2=20.18mm.

Calculation Of Stability In Compression Of The Steel Prop

According to the national standard we can determine the steel prop allowable load according to
the stability required of axial compression.

μ∙l
λ=
r2

Steel prop Slenderness ratio：

l = the length of steel prop which can be used (mm）；Maximum 3.5m，Minimum 2m

r2= gyration radius of the steel casing (mm）；25.5mm.

μ= conversion coefficient of length Calculation when the steel casing and intubation have the
different inertia moment.

1+n
μ= √ Therefore,
2

I2
n= I1

In the formula above:

I1= the inertia moment of intubation（mm4）； I1=248617mm4

I2= the inertia moment of the steel casing（mm4）； I2=440873mm4

So,

Page 8 of 12
 I2 218800
n= = = 2.03
I1 107800

The maximum height l=2750mm , r2=20.18mm

1 + 2.03
μ= √ = 1.23
2

The slenderness ratio

1.23 ∙ 2750
λ= = 167.6
20.18

Look up the steady coefficient, we can see ϕ = 0 253;

Allowable load:

N = ∅ ∙ A2 ∙ f = 0.253 ∙ 537 ∙ 215 = 29.21 kN

f The pressure resistance intensity design value of the steel prop, f = 215 N/mm2

The minimum height is 2.0 meters, the slenderness ratio

1.23 ∙ 2000
λ= = 121.9
20.18

Look up the steady coefficient, we can see ϕ = .0 446

Allowable load:

N = ∅ ∙ A2 ∙ f = 0.446 ∙ 537 ∙ 215 = 51.49 kN

f The pressure resistance intensity design value of the steel prop, f = 215 N/mm2

Pipe wall compression intensity:

The allowable load [N] of the steel pipe wall under pressure according to empirical formula:

[N] = fce ∙ A

In the formula above:

Page 9 of 12
fce The design value of pressure resistance intensity on steel pipe wall section fce = 320 N/mm2

A Wall pressure area of two bolt hole (mm2)

d 14
A = 2a ∙ ∙ π = 2 ∙ 3.0 ∙ ∙ 3.14 = 131.88 mm2
2 2

The allowable load of the steel pipe wall:

[N] = fce ∙ A = 320 ∙ 131.88 = 4.2x104 N

Shear force calculation of the bolt:

The allowable load [N] of the bolt under shear force according to empirical formula:

[N] = fv ∙ 2Ac

In the formula above:

fv The design value of Shear force resistance intensity, 125N/mm2

Ac Bolt section area (254.3 mm2)

So,

[N] = fv ∙ 2Ac = 125 ∙ 2 ∙ 153.86 = 3.9x104 N

According to the result above, choose the smallest value of the three checking computations’
result. So, the allowable load is 29.21KN when Steel prop reaches the maximal used length.
Steel prop is used to withstand the vertical load from the main beam, the disadvantage load is N
＝26KN/m3×3.4m×4.5m×0.25m/4=24.86KN﹤Nmax=29.21KN. Therefore, capacity of the
Steel prop can meet the conditions required.

Page 10 of 12
 Figure 5. Permissible loads for steel props

Load Capacity of the Scaffolding

The total design load on the scaffold is 11.13 kN/m as calculated above. However, the tube and
coupler scaffolds, with dimensions of 6ft. x 6ft. of heavy duty scaffolds capable of carrying load
of 75lbs/ft2.

Page 11 of 12
 Figure 6. Load capacity of tube and coupler scaffolds

Therefore, load capacity of the scaffold shall be,

75𝑙𝑏𝑠/𝑓𝑡2 ∙ 6𝑓𝑡. 6𝑓𝑡. = 2700 𝑙𝑏𝑠 ≈ 13176 𝑘𝑔/𝑚2

As the ultimate design load of 11.13kN/m is less than the capacity of the 6ft. x 6ft scaffold, the
1m x 1m scaffolding arrangement is satisfy the stability of the system.

Page 12 of 12