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A Biomolecule

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Tasneem Amiril
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7 views1 page

A Biomolecule

Uploaded by

Tasneem Amiril
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A biomolecule, sometimes known as a biological molecule, is any of the many compounds created by

cells and living creatures. Biomolecules come in a variety of shapes and sizes, and they conduct a wide
range of tasks. Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins are the four primary categories of
biomolecules.

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are macromolecules that have the unique role of storing an
organism's genetic code—the nucleotide sequence that determines the amino acid sequence of
proteins, which are fundamental to life on Earth. There are 20 different amino acids that can occur
within a protein; the order in which they occur plays a fundamental role in determining protein
structure and function.

They also operate as transporters, transporting nutrients and other chemicals into and out of cells, as
well as enzymes and catalysts for the vast majority of chemical events in living organisms. Proteins are
also responsible for the formation of antibodies and hormones, as well as influencing gene activity.

A basic link between structure and function exists in all biomolecules, which is modified by factors such
as the environment in which they occur. Lipids, for example, are hydrophobic ("water-averse"), and
many spontaneously organize themselves in water so that the hydrophobic ends of the molecules are
shielded from the water while the hydrophilic ends are exposed. Lipid bilayers, or two layers of
phospholipid molecules, form the membranes of cells and organelles as a result of this arrangement.

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