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Lecture 01 - ME3320

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Lecture 01 - ME3320

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MECHATRONICS

Introduction
(ME 3320)

Dr. Rajagopalan Thiruvengadathan


[email protected]
435-865-8328
OUTLINE

• Introduction - Mechatronics and Mechatronics Methodology


• Measurement system
• Control systems
Syllabus
Unit 01 - Sensors and Transducers

✓ Performance Terminology
✓ Temperature Sensors – Thermocouples, Bi-metallic
Strip; RTD (Resistance temperature Detectors)
✓ Rotation Sensors (Potentiometer; Encoders;
Tachogenerator; Angular Motion Sensors)
✓ Linear Motion Sensors, Proximity Sensors; Limit
Switches
✓ Sensors - Force; Pressure, Orientation and Flow
✓ Audio and Video Sensors
Syllabus

Unit 02 – Some Fundamentals – Analog and Digital Signals and


Signal Processing
✓ Number Representation
✓ Analog and Digital Basics and Analog to Digital
Conversion
✓ Signal Conditioning and Signal Processing – Filters;
Aliasing and Nyquist Theorem
✓ Serial and Parallel Communications
✓ Digital Logic Gates and Basic Circuits
Syllabus

Unit 03 – Actuators and Output Devices


✓ Relays; Solenoids
✓ Electric Motors – Different types – Brushless DC motor;
Stepper Motor; Servo Motor; RC Servo Motor; Induction
Motor
✓ Hydraulic Pumps; Hydraulic Cylinders; Hydraulic Motors
✓ Visual Output Devices – Lights; Displays; LED, LCD;
OLED
✓ Audio Output Devices – Buzzers and Speakers
Syllabus

Unit 04 – Essentials of Control Systems


✓ Microprocessors
✓ Microcontrollers
✓ Programmable Logic Controllers – Basics
✓ Introduction to Ladder Logic
Syllabus

Unit 05 – Computer Science

✓ Computer Science Basics


✓ Basic System Models
✓ Dynamic System Modeling – First and Second Order Systems
Unit 06 – More on Control Theory

✓ Laplace Transforms
✓ Transfer Functions
✓ PID Control and related essentials
✓ Some advanced topics on Control Theory – Robust Control;
Adaptive Control
✓ State Estimation
✓ AI and Machine Learning – Some Basic Concepts
✓ Bayesian Inference – Bayes Theorem
MECHATRONICS - DEFINITION

The Yasakawa Electric Company, in their trademark application document in 1969, defined
mechatronics as; the word which is composed of mecha from mechanism and tronics from
electronics.

To begin with. the technologies and developed products incorporating electronics more and
more into the mechanism, intimately and organically and making it impossible to tell where
one ends and whether where the other begins.

There is another definition given by Harashima, Tomizuka and Fukada in 1996. They said
that, a mechatronics is the synergistic integration of mechanical engineering with electronic
and intelligent computer control in the design and manufacturing of industrial products and
processes.

As per the definition of William Bolton, a mechatronic system is not just a marriage of
electrical and mechanical systems and is more than just a control system; it is a complete
integration of all of them.
What is Mechatronics?

https://youtu.be/tT66OCgv6c8
Real life applications: Household thermostat

Older Version Newer Version is based on


mechatronics concept. How?
Description of older version of thermostat

What is the purpose? Control


temperature to a desired value?

What we need to know? Present


temperature

What is the part used to set the


temperature to a desired value?

What other parts are needed?


THERMOSTAT: CONVERSION to MECHATRONIC DESIGN

Mechatronic Design

LCD display - user feedback

user input - tactile switches with up


arrow and bottom arrow indication

Temperature sensor - TC1047A the


switch to turn on the heater, a
MOSFET.
Older Version
Finished
Regulated Power and Control unit - Design
PIC16F913.
Classification of Mechatronics Products

✓ More Features
✓ Higher Precession
✓ User Friendly
✓ More Flexible
✓ Lower Cost
✓ Efficient
✓ Environment
Friendly
✓ Smaller Geometry
- Miniaturization
✓ Enhanced
Reliability
✓ Improved Safety
Acknowledgement for the Image: Cited from Vorwerk-Handing, G., Gwosch, T., Schork, S. et al. Classification and examples of
next generation machine elements. Forsch Ingenieurwes 84, 21–32 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10010-019-00382-1
MECHATRONIC SYSTEM COMPONENTS
KEY TERMINOLOGY OF MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS
MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

A black box used for making measurements.

Measurement system has the input quantity, which is being measured and the output for
the measured parameter.
CONTROL SYSTEM – OPEN LOOP and CLOSED LOOP

Example: Central Heating System – Input – Required Temperature and Output – Temperature of the Set Value

The open loop system basically


has got no facility for
feedback.

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