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Respiratory System

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5 views

Respiratory System

Uploaded by

Janna Aguila
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RESPIRATORY

SYSTEM
Parts and Functions
What is Respiratory System?
➢ it is the system of the body
that deals with the
exchange of gases in and
out of the body.
RESPIRATION
➢ is a gas exchange process
by which oxygen is obtained
from the environment and
delivered to the cells, and
carbon dioxide gas is
transported and removed from
the body.
RESPIRATION INVOLVES:
➢ INHALING – taking in of air
➢ EXHALING – taking out of air
The part of the body involved
in the process of respiration is
called the RESPIRATORY TRACT.

Divided into three parts:


➢ Upper Respiratory Tract
➢ Respiratory Airways
➢ Lungs
Respiration involves the
following processes:
➢ Breathing
the exchange of air
between the atmosphere and
the air sacs of the lungs.
➢ Diffusion
the transfer of oxygen and
carbon dioxide across
respiratory membranes.
➢ Transport of gases
wherein oxygen is carried
into the cells and carbon dioxide
is delivered from the cells to the
lungs and out of the body.
the cell.

TYPES of RESPIRATION
➢ Cellular Respiration
is the biochemical oxidation of
glucose and consequent synthesis
of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

➢ Internal Respiration
is an exchange of oxygen (O2)
and carbon dioxide (CO2) between
the internal body fluids (e.g., blood)
and individual cells.
➢ External Respiration
involves the exchange of
oxygen and carbon dioxide
between the environment and
the organism.
PARTS AND
FUNCTIONS of
RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
➢ LUNGS
▪ The primary organs of
respiration.
▪ The lungs are located side
by side in the thoracic
cavity, which is separated
from the abdominal cavity
by the muscular partition
called diaphragm.
➢ LUNGS
➢ LUNGS
▪ It is covered by a thin tissue
called pleura.
▪ The lungs are divided into
lobes.
▪ Right lung has three lobes;
superior lobe, middle lobe and
inferior lobe.
▪ Left lung has only two lobes;
superior lobe and inferior lobe.
➢ LUNGS
➢Nasal Cavities
▪ Nostrils, the openings of
the nose where the air enter
first.
▪ Nasal Cavity, the pair of
passages way inside the
nostrils which is separated
from each other by a bony
partition called Nasal
Septum.
➢Nasal Cavities
➢Nasal Cavities
▪ Cilia, hairlike projections
which lined the nasal cavities.
▪ Cilia filter the air and trap dust
and other particles.
➢ Pharynx
▪ also called throat.
▪ Passageway that is divided
into two smaller passages.
▪ One allows entry of air into
the respiratory tract.
▪ The other food and liquid
into the esophagus and the
digestive system.
➢ Pharynx

Food
Air
➢ Larynx
▪ Commonly known as voice
box.
▪ Located between the
pharynx and the trachea.
▪ Place where voice is
produced through vocal
cords.
▪ The space between the
vocal cords is called glottis.
➢ Larynx
➢ Epiglottis
▪ A flap of elastic tissue that
forms a cover on top of the
larynx.
▪ This structure ensures that
food and air enter the body
through different pathways.
▪ The space between the
vocal cords is called glottis.
➢Epiglottis
➢ Trachea
▪ also called windpipe.
▪ The main passageway of
air into the lungs
▪ It is supported by C-shaped
rings of cartilage that
prevent it from collapsing
during inhalation
➢Trachea
➢ Bronchi
▪ The two main stems which
lead to the lungs.
▪ The right bronchus is larger
in diameter than the left.
▪ Each bronchus enters the
lung at a depression called
the hilus or hilum.
➢ Bronchi
➢ Bronchioles
▪ Are the smallest
conducting tubes inside the
lungs.
▪ Primary bronchioles
▪ Secondary bronchioles
▪ Tertiary bronchioles
➢ Bronchioles
➢ Alveoli
▪ also known as air sacs.
▪ There are millions of alveoli
in each lung, providing a
large surface area for the
exchange of gases.
▪ Place where exchange of
gases occur.
➢ Alveoli
Oxygen-rich air from
Bronchioles Bronchi
the environment

Alveoli
Nasal cavities Trachea
(Exchange of gases)

Pharynx Bronchioles Pharynx

Trachea Bronchi Nasal Cavities


Respiratory
Diseases of the
Respiratory
System
➢Asthma
▪A respiratory disorder
characterized by restriction in
the movement of air due to
recurring episodes of
contractions of the bronchial
smooth muscle.
➢Asthma
➢ Bronchitis
▪ An inflammation of the
bronchi that may result in
swelling of the bronchial
lining, narrowing of the air
passages, and shortness of
breath.
➢ Emphysema
▪ Often referred to as chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease.
▪ Results from the gradual
destruction of walls of the
alveoli.
▪ As a result, gas exchange is
decreased and air is retained in
the lungs in most cases.
➢ Lung Cancer
▪ Uncontrolled or
unregulated division of the
cells lining the respiratory
tract which resulted to
tumors that can grow and
multiply.
Taking Care of Respiratory
System
➢ Do not smoke.
➢ Breath in some fresh air.
➢ Practice deep breathing.
➢ Breath with the mouth
closed.
➢ Prevent the accumulation of
carbon monoxide.
➢ Prevent air pollution.
➢ Exercise regularly.
For questions and
clarification:
Just send me a message
in our FB group.
Thank you!

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