Inter-State Sale and Purchase

of RE & Conventional Power

International Workshop on “99+ Grid Availability for RE

Integration, Chennai 23rd Jan 2018

- S. Usha
DGM, WRLDC , Power System Operation Corporation,
Mumbai

1
 Indian Grid…Large Footprint

Jammu
Hydro
L u d h i an a

NR Delhi
NE P AL
S IK K IM

B HUT A N
R A P P Ja i p u r P a r t a b p ur
G u w a h a ti
Lucknow C H IC K E N
N EC K NER
Pa tn a
BANGLA
V i n d h y a ch al ER DESH

G a n d h in a ga r
Ko lka ta
In d o r e Bh o p a l K o rb a
Pip a va v
WR T a l c her /Ib V a ll ey

T a r a p ur
M umbai
Raipur B h u b a n e s wa r

LEGEND
Coal
Wind SR
Hy d e r a b a d
V i za g
S i mh a d r i
G e n e r at i on L o a d - Ce nt re

C oal

and KMo azhn igkaolo

Ka ig a

d er e
B a n g a l or e
K ris h n a p a tna m

Ennore
S o u th M a d ra s
Chennai
Hydro

Solar K a y a mk u l a m
T h iru v a n a nth ap u ram
Cuddalore L i g n it e

C o a s ta l
Courtesy: NASA
Ku d a n ku la m
CO L O MB O N u c le a r
SRI LANKA

Indian Power System Indian Power Market International

Interconnections
• Peak Demand ~ 160 GW • Licensed Traders - 43 Nos.
• Energy Met ~ 3.5 BUs/day • Market Participants > 3000 Nos. Nepal Bhutan
• Hydro Gen. ~ 712 MU/day (Max.) • Two Power Exchanges (PXs)
• Wind Gen. ~ 370 MU/day (Max.) • Indian Energy Exchange
• Installed Capacity – 330 GW • Power Exchange of India Ltd.
• Thermal: Coal-195 GW, Gas-25 GW • Open Access Volumes
• Hydro – 44 GW, Nuclear – 6.7 GW • Transactions ~ 55,000 Nos./yr.
• Wind-32 GW, Solar-12 GW, Bio-8 GW • Bilateral ~ 20,000 Nos.
• Gen. Stations: 1378 Nos, • Collective (PX) ~ 35,000 Nos.
• Units: 2730 Nos. • Energy ~ 100 BUs/yr.
• > 8800 Sub-stations, • Bilateral ~ 65 BUs
• 11 Nos. HVDC Bi-Pole/B2B & 1 MTDC • Collective (PX) ~ 35 BUs
• > 125 nos. 765 kV lines, • Short Term ~ 10 % Myanmar
• > 1475 nos. 400 kV lines
• IR capacity ~ 72 GW Bangladesh 2 2
Role of System Operators in Indian Power Sector

Statutory

Statutory

Statutory

Competition

Regulated

Regulated

Competition

‘Vital link’ between the administrators, planners & regulators on one end and physical
system and market players on the other end 3
 Electricity Act 2003 – An enabler to Power
Market
• Generation de-licensed – Sec. 7
• Trading, Transmission, Distribution are licensed – Sec. 14
• Open Access to Transmission / Distribution system for Generators and
Consumers - Section 38, 40, 42
• Determination of tariff by (competitive) bidding process based on
guidelines issued by GOI – Section 63
• Development of power markets including trading - Section 66
 The Appropriate Commission shall endeavour to promote the
development of a market (including trading) in power in such
manner as may be specified and shall be guided by the
National Electricity Policy referred to in Section 3 in this regard;

 NEP -15% of new capacities be sold outside Long-term PPAs

 NEP stipulates power exchanges
 Evolution of Power Market in India

2015: Ancillary Services

2015: RE Framework

2014: Deviation Settlement

April, 2012: Sub-Hourly Market

(15 Min Bidding in PX)
2011: Transmission Pricing (POC)

2010: Power Market, REC

2009: Grant of Connectivity,
LTA and MTOA
2009: Trading License

2009: Congestion Management

2009: Imbalance (UI)

2008: Power Exchange

2004: Open Access
1/17/2018 6
 Four Pillars of Market Design

Electricity Market

SCHEDULING ANCILLARY
& CONGESTION IMBALANCES
MANAGEMENT SERVICES
DISPATCH

“Making Competition Work in Electricity”

- Sally Hunt
5
 Control Area Jurisdiction
- for Scheduling & Despatch -
• Generators under RLDC control area (IEGC- 6.4.2):
a. All CGS (excl. those with 100% allocation to host state)
b. UMPPs and Wind/Solar Projects with ≥ 500 MW capacity
c. Gen. Station connected to ISTS (except for case-a)
d. For Generating station connected to both ISTS & State net
work : SLDC will have jurisdiction only if the state has > 50%
share in that station
NB.: For a generating station connected only to state network –
SLDC will do scheduling & energy accounting (excl. case-a);

11
Products for Sale/Purchase of Inter-State power

>7 Years 5 Years –

< 3 Months
3 Months

Medium Short
Long TermAccess
Term Term

Products in the Short Term Market

Bilateral Day - Contingency

Bilateral - - FCFS PX
Ahead
Advance

http://www.cercind.gov.in/2016/regulation/10.pd
http://www.cercind.gov.in/2016/regulation/11.pdf
 Grid Access for inter-state Sale/Purchase
Access is subject to compliance of • Connectivity
Standards / Regulations – CEA Technical Standards
– CERC Regulations
• IEGC/Connectivity
• LVRT Compliance order
– CTU (Procedures)
• Access (LTA/MTOA/STOA) • Compliance Requirements
– CTU : LTA & MTOA – RLDC User Registration
– RLDC : STOA – First Charging Procedure
– Scheduling is subject to Access • Metering/Telemetry/Protection/
• Reliability/Statutory Approval
– CERC Regulations
• Connectivity, LTA, MTOA – Trial Operation & COD
• Open Access & Power Market – Scheduling/DSM/Congestion
– Way Ahead…..GNA (Draft) – Pool Membership (Reg. Entity)
8
Additional Compliance norms for RE as per CERC Approved Procedure 03.03.17
 Scheduling of Inter-State Power
• LTA & MTOA –
– Nodal Agency: CTU
– Scheduling : RLDC
– Accounting : RPC
– Disbursal : CTU

• STOA – Collective (PX)

• STOA Bilateral
– Nodal Agency: PXs
– Nodal Agency: RLDCs
– Scheduling: NLDC,RLDCs
– Scheduling: RLDC
– Accounting: RPC
– Accounting: RPC
– Disbursal: NLDC
– Disbursal: RLDC
Commencement of scheduling is subject to Trial Run & COD
10
Forecasting & Scheduling for RE w.r.t. CERC Approved Procedure 03.03.17 & IEGC
 Exemption(s) to Wind/Solar Generators
 DSM delinked from Frequency { Rs.0(f=>50.05) to
Rs.8.24/kwh(f<49.7)} and linked with Absolute %
Error and Fixed PPA Rate/APPC( Rs.3.40/kwh)
 Connectivity eligibility is as low as 5MW compared
to 250MW for Conventional.

• Solar/Wind-Transmission Charge & Loss exempted, if

– Awarded through Competitive bidding &
– Having PPA with DISCOM for RPO compliance &
– COD during : 01.0717-01.12.19 (for Solar Generator)
– COD during : 30.09.17-31.03.19 (for Wind Generator)

http://www.cercind.gov.in/2017/regulation/137_N.pdf
5th amednment of POC regulation 14/12/2017 13
 RE Generators
• Eligibility for Connectivity • LVRT Compliance mandated for
a. Individual Capacity ≥ 50 MW a. All WTG of capacity ≥500 kW,
b. Individual capacity < 50 MW but connected at ≥ 66 kV
aggregate capacity ≥ 50 MW b. All Solar Generators at ≥ 11 kV
with a Lead generator on behalf c. Exemption allowed for -
of all such generators seeking
connectivity at a single point on • ‘Stall type' WTG
ISTS (Pooling Station) • WTG useful life expires by
c. Eligible conventional generator 04.01.2021
(exportable capacity ≥ 250 MW) • Telemetry : SLDCs to ensure
developing RE based availability of telemetered data at
generation of ‘capacity ≥ 5 MW RLDC for all wind/solar generators
but < 50 MW,’ in its existing under its jurisdiction.
generating station
• (Ref. CERC Order in
d. Any company authorized by the
Central Govt. as Solar/Wind 420/MP/2014 dated 05.01.2016)
Power Park Developer

Connectivity is granted by CTU subject to compliance of applicable CEA 9

Standards & CERC Regulations
 Transaction Cost to Generator*
• Application/Reg. Fees
– Connectivity(2 to 9 Lakhs)
– LTA & MTOA(2 to 9Lakhs)&
(1-4Lakhs)
– STOA ( 5000/-)
– RLDC Registration(0.5 to 10Lakh)

• Start-up Power/infirm injection • Tr. & Operating charge

– Transmission Charge (PoC) – STOA /PX
– DSM Charge – RLDC Fees & Charges
– Congestion charge
– Applicable Tr. Charge
– DSM/Congestion Charge

12
* Applicable as per CERC Regulations
14
STU Rates Rs/MWh
State Effective date Rate
PSEB 24-Oct-17 1640 (Max.)
HPSEB 23-Nov-17 17 (Min.)

SLDC Rates Rs/Day

State Effective date Rate

Meghalaya SLDC 26-May-15 3500 (Max.)

Tamilnadu SLDC 25-May-15 660 (Min)

RLDC Rates Rs/Day

State Effective date Rate

RLDC 26-May-15 1000

1/29/2018
 POC Zone Slab ..Injection/ Drawal Rate for
15
STOA and LTA/MTOA
POC Zone Effect. Date POC Rate for POC rate for
STOA… LTA/MTOA…..
RS/MWh RS/MW/MONTH *

I 02-Nov-17
283 293699
II 02-Nov-17 253.5 266088
III 02-Nov-17 224 238477
IV 02-Nov-17 194.5 210866
V 02-Nov-17 165 183255
VI 02-Nov-17 135.5 155644
VII 02-Nov-17 106 128033
VIII 02-Nov-17 76.5 100422
IX 02-Nov-17 46.9 72811

“*” Note: In addition to this Reliability Support Charge of Rs.24271 and HVDC
charge of Rs 36093(NR),Rs.14113(SR),Rs.7459(NER,ER & WR) also to be paid
to Transmission Licensee
Slab rate for POC losses would be based upon the average losses of each
region computed from the SEM data of previous week. The slab rate for POC
losses for each region for the period 01.01.2018–07.01.2018 would be as
follows:

Region POC Losses Slab

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX

Northern 4.03 3.78 3.53 3.28 3.03 2.78 2.53 2.28 2.03

Western 2.62 2.37 2.12 1.87 1.62 1.37 1.12 0.87 0.62

Eastern 2.6 2.35 2.1 1.85 1.6 1.35 1.1 0.85 0.6

North-East 2.1 1.85 1.6 1.35 1.1 0.85 0.6 0.35 0.1

Southern 2.22 1.97 1.72 1.47 1.22 0.97 0.72 0.47 0.22
Case III : Long/Medium Term
Transactions Involving Wheeling
Region Zone Modera
100 MW Contract ted
Loss
STAT (%)
E_B WR
GEN_A-inj 2
STATE_B-drawal 3
95.06 MW
NR

98 MW
ER

GEN_A
98 MW 100 MW

1/29/2018 17
 Case VIII : Intra-Regional Short Term
/PX Transactions (embedded to
Moderated
embedded) Zone
Loss (%)
STATE_A-inj 2
100 MW Contract
EM 92.15 STATE_B- 3
_B drawal
WR
STATE_B STU LOSS
STU_1 4
97 MW STU_2 5
NR
100 MW
EM
_A

STATE_A
106.29
102.04MW
100MW
ER

1/29/2018 18
References:
1. CERC(Indian Electricity Grid Code) Regulations 2010 and Amendments thereof .
2. CEA( Technical standard for Connectivity to the Grid) Regulation, 2007 and any Amendments thereof..
3. CEA( Installation of Operation of Meters) Regulation 2006 and any Amendment thereof.
4. CEA (Measures Relating to Safety and Electric Supply) Regulations, 2010 any Amendment thereof.
5. CERC(Grand of Connectivity, Long Term Access and Medium Term Open Access in Inter State
Transmission and related matters) Regulation 2009 and any Amendment thereof.
6. CERC Approved Procedure for making application for Grant of Connectivity 2009 & amendments
7. CERC ( Deviation Settlement Mechanism and Related matters) Regulation 2014 and Amendments thereof.
8. CERC Approved Procedure for drawal of start-up power under Deviation Settlement Mechanism 2014
9. CERC ( Measures to relieve congestion in real time operation) Regulation, 2009 and Amendments
10. CERC ( Open access in inter-state transmission)Regulation 2008 and further Amendments thereof.
11. CERC (Fees and Charges of Regional Load Despatch Centre) Regulation 2015 and Amendmentsthereof.
12. CERC (Sharing of Inter State Transmission Charges and Losses) Regulation 2010 and Amendments
13. CERC (Terms & Conditions of Tariff) Regulation 2014 and Amendments
14. CERC (Power Market Regulations) 2010 & amendments
15. NLDC Procedure for New Transmission Element Integration & Certification
16. CERC Order dated 05.01.2016 in Petition No 420/MP/2014 on LVRT implementation
17. CERC(Communication System for Inter-state Transmission of Electricity)Regulations2017
18. CERC Approved Procedure dated 03.03.2017 for ‘Implementation of the Framework on Forecasting,
Scheduling, Imbalance handling of Renewable Energy Generating Stations including power parks based
on Wind and Solar at Interstate level’.

14
Thank You !
 Case I : Intra-Regional Long /Medium
Term Transactions Moderated
Zone
100 MW Contract Loss (%)
GEN_A-inj 2
STATE_B-drawal 3
WR
As per POC regulation
STATE_B drawee beneficiaries will
continue to bear the
injection loss &
95.06 MW GEN_A withdrawal loss for long
term and medium term
100 MW transactions.

1/29/2018 21
 Case II : Inter Regional Long/Medium
Term Transactions Zone Moderate
d Loss
100 MW Contract (%)
GEN_A-inj 2
WR STATE_B-drawal 3
STATE_B

ER
95.06MW
GEN_A

98 MW
100 MW

1/29/2018 22
 Case IV : Intra-Regional Short Term
/PX Transactions Moderated
Zone
100 MW Contract Loss (%)
STATE_A-inj 2
STATE_B- 3
drawal
WR
STATE
_B

STATE
97 MW _A

102.04 MW

1/29/2018 23
 Case V : Inter Regional Short Term
/PXTransactions Zone Moderated
100 MW Contract Loss (%)
STATE_A-inj 2
STATE_B- 3
drawal
STATE NR
_B
WR
97 MW
STATE
_A
100 MW
102.04 MW

1/29/2018 24
 Case VI : Inter Regional Short Term
/PX Transactions Zone Moderated
100 MW Contract Loss (%)
STATE_A-inj 2
NR STATE_B-
STATE 3
_B drawal

97 MW
ER

WR
100 MW

STATE
_A
100MW
102.04 MW

1/29/2018 25
Case VII : Intra-Regional Short Term
/PX Transactions (embedded to
embedded) Zone Moderated
Loss (%)
100 MW Contract
STATE_A-inj 2
STATE_B- 3
drawal
EM
_B
92.15 WR
STU LOSS
STATE_B
Stu_1 4
EM
_A
106.29
Stu_2 5
97 MW STATE_A

102.04 MW

1/29/2018 26