Design of Beam for Shear I Moment I Torsion www.structsoftcentre.

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Centre (SSC)
DESIGN OF BEAM
(FOR FLEXURE + SHEAR + TORSION)
Design a simply supported beam, having effective span 4.3 m and section size 230 x 550
mm. Subjected to working moment of 101 KN-m, working SF of 41 KN and twisting
moment of 18 KN-m. Use M25 & Fe 500 materials.
SOLUTION
Section size of beam: Width (b) = 230 mm Depth (D) = 550 mm
Material Properties: Concrete (Fck) = 25 MPa Steel (Fy) = 500 MPa
Analysis Results: M = 101 KN-m V = 41 KN T = 18 KN-m
Mu = 1.5 x 101 = 151.5 KN-m Vu = 1.5 x 41 = 61.5 KN Tu = 1.5 x 18 = 27 KN-m
Assumptions: Clear Cover = 25 mm Dia. Main R/F = 20 mm Dia. of shear R/F = 10 mm
Available Eff. depth, d = 550 – 25 – 10 – (20/2) = 505 mm

D Vu Tu

D
L

b Mu B
Fig.(a) Section of Beam Fig.(b) Axis Consideration Fig.(c) Beam Element

Step 01 – Type of section to be designed as singly or doubly reinforced

The ultimate moment, Mu = 151.5 KN-m Fe 415…….. Mulim = 0.138 Fck bd2
Ultimate moment resisting capacity of section, Fe 500……. Mulim = 0.133 Fck bd2

Mu-lim = 0.133 x fck x b x d2 = 0.133 x 25 x 230 x 5052 = 195.03 KN-m

Therefore, Mu < Mu-lim Hence it will be designed as Singly Reinforced Section.

Step:2 - Equivalent shear force and bending moment as per IS 456-2000, Cl. 41.3
Tu
Ve = Vu + VT = Vu + (1.6 x )
b
27
Ve = 61.5 + (1.6 x ) = 249.326 KN
0.23
Tu D 27 550
MT = (1 + ) = (1 + ) = 53.86 KN − m We have Mu = 151.5 KN − m
1.7 b 1.7 230
Were, MT < Mu hence, no need to provide compression reinforcements Cl. 41.4.2.1
Equivalent Moment, Me = Mu + MT = 151.5 + 53.86
Me = 205.36 KN − m

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 Design of Beam for Shear I Moment I Torsion www.structsoftcentre.com
Centre (SSC)
Step 03 - Design for Flexural Reinforcements
0.5 x fck 4.6 Mu
Ast = [1 − √1 − ⁄ f x b x d2 ] x b x d
fy ck

0.5 x 25 6
Ast−required = [1 − √1 − 4.6 x 205.36 x 10 ⁄25 x 230 x 5052 ] x 230 x 505
500
Ast−required = 1171.70 mm2
As per IS 456-2000, Cl. 26.5.1.1
bxd 230 x 505
Ast−minimum = 0.85 x = 0.85 x = 197.455 mm2
fy 500
Ast−required > Ast−minimum
Providing T20 mm unit area of bar, AT = 314.16 mm2

Number of bars are required to provide, n = 1171.70 ⁄314.16 = 3.729 ≅ 4 numbers

Providing 4 - T20 mm Therefore, Ast provided = 4 x 314.16 mm2 = 1256.64 mm2

Ast 1256.64
Pt = = = 0.9939 %
bD 230 x 550

Step 04 - Design for Shear and determination of shear reinforcements Tc max

Ve 249.326 x 103
Nominal Shear Stress (Tve ) , = = = 2.146 MPa
bd 230 x 505 Tve
Tcmax = 0.63 √fck = 0.63 x √25 = 3.15 MPa
Tc
Tve < Tcmax d
Hence, the provided section (230 x 550 mm) is ok no need to revise the section Fig.(d) Shear Critical Section
As per IS 456 − 2000, Page. No. 73, Table 19
Provided % of reinforcement is pt = 0.9939 % and grade of concrete, fck = 25
Pt Tc
0.75 0.57
0.9939 ?
1 0.64
𝐓𝐜 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟑𝟖𝟑 𝐌𝐏𝐚
Since, Tve > Tc Hence need to design for shear and have to provide stirrups
as per IS 456 − 2000, Page. No. 75, Cl. 41.4.3
Tu x Sv Vu x Sv
Asv = +
0.87 fy d1 b1 0.87 fy d1 x 2.5
0.87 fy Asv d1
Simplyfied formula, Sv = Tu V
+ u
b1 2.5

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 Design of Beam for Shear I Moment I Torsion www.structsoftcentre.com
Centre (SSC)
Provide T10 mm 2-Legged Stirrups
π π
Asv = n x x ф2 = 2 x x 102 = 157.08 mm2
4 4
d1 = 550 − 45 − 45 = 460 mm
d1
b1 = 230 − 2 x (25 + 10 + 10) = 140 mm 11
0.87 x 500 x 157.08 x 460 4-T20
Sv = = 144.02 mm ⋍ 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝐦𝐦
27 x 106 61.5 x 103
140 + 2.5
b1
Fig. (e) Beam Section
Minimum shear reinforcement spacing
Asv (Tve − Tc )
≥
b Sv 0.87 fy
157.08 (2.146 − 0.6383)
≥
230 x Sv 0.87 x 500
Sv = 197.045 mm ⋍ 190 mm

Y1
Maximum spacing of stirrups
i) X1
X1 + Y1
ii)
4
X1
iii) 300 mm
Fig. (f) Beam Section
c
X1 & Y1 → distance of stirrups
c
фm−r фs−r 20 10
Y1 = d1 + 2 x ( + ) = 460 + 2 x ( + ) = 490 mm
2 2 2 2
фm−r фs−r 20 10
X1 = b1 + 2 x ( + ) = 140 + 2 x ( + ) = 170 mm
2 2 2 2
Hence,
i) X1 = 170 mm
X1 + Y1 170 + 490
ii) = = 165.00 mm
4 4
iii) 300 mm
Providing T10 mm 2-Legged @ 125 mm c/c.

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 Design of Beam for Shear I Moment I Torsion www.structsoftcentre.com
Centre (SSC)
5. SCHEDULE AND DETAILS
BOTTOM TOP SHEAR
SECTION
REINFORCEMENT REINFORCEMENTS REINFORCEMENTS
230 x 550 mm 4-T20 mm 2-T12 mm 2L-T10 @ 125 mm

2 - T12 mm

T10 @ 125
c/c

2L - T10 @ 125 mm 4 - T20 mm

c/c 4- T20 mm
4.3 m Fig. (h) Beam Section

Fig. (g) Showing R/f Detailing

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