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BUFR User’s Guide

Milan Dragosavac

Operations Department

AUGUST 2008
c Copyright 2008

European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts

Shinfield Park, Reading, RG2 9AX, United Kingdom

Literary and scientific copyrights belong to ECMWF and are reserved in all countries.

The information within this publication is given in good faith and considered to be true, but ECMWF accepts
no liability for error, omission and for loss or damage arising from its use.
CONTENTS

Contents

1 Introduction 3

2 BUFR format 4
2.1 Indicator section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 Identification section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3 Optional section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.4 Data description section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.5 Data section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.6 End section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3 BUFR software 8
3.1 Bufr tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.2 Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.3 Decoding and encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.3.1 Subroutine BUFREX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.3.2 Subroutine BUFREN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.4 Error codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.5 Partial expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.5.1 Subroutine BUSRQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.5.2 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.6 Printing routines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.6.1 To print Section 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.6.2 To print Section 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.6.3 To print Section 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.6.4 To print Section 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.6.5 To print data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.7 Bufr software tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.7.1 Subroutine BUS012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.7.2 Subroutine BUS0123 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.7.3 Subroutine BUSEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.7.4 Subroutine BUSEL2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

ECMWF Technical Notes 1

BUFR User’s Guide

3.7.5 Subroutine BUUKEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

3.7.6 Subroutine BUPKEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.7.7 Subroutine BUXDES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3.7.8 Subroutine BUBOX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.7.9 Subroutine BUPRTBOX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.7.10 Subroutine BUGET OPERA IMAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
3.8 Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

4 Quality control in BUFR 52

4.1 Quality control example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

5 Examples 66
5.1 To unpack and print data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
5.2 To expand data descriptors only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
5.3 To create bufr message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
5.4 An example of decoding Opera radar composite images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
5.5 An example of C program calling fortran bufr subroutines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

6 WMO observation templates 94

6.1 WMO AWS (automatic and manned station) template, one hour period . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
6.2 WMO SYNOP template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
6.3 WMO BUOY template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
6.4 WMO CLIMATE SYNOP template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
6.5 WMO SAREP template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
6.6 WMO TEMP template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

2 ECMWF Technical Notes

1 Introduction

FM-94 BUFR (Binary Universal Form for data Representation) has been designed to achieve efficient exchange
and storage of meteorological and oceanographic data. It is self defining, table driven and very flexible data
representation system, especially for huge volumes of data.
The User’s Guide is described in six sections.
Section 2 describes Bufr format in general, and it is useful for those who are not familiar with the Bufr concept.
Section 3 explains Bufr software usage. It contains FORTRAN subroutines for expanding and packing Bufr
data. A number of routines described shall be used as a tools.
A quality control representation in the Bufr is given in section 4.
Section 5 contains few example programs to decode/repack bufr data, create a new bufr message and expand
data descriptors only.
Useful WMO example templates are given in the section 6.

ECMWF Technical Notes 3

BUFR User’s Guide

2 BUFR format

A full definition of the BUFR form is given in WMO Manual on Codes, Volume I, International Codes,
Part B-Binary Codes, WMO-No.306, FM 94-IX Ext. BUFR. This section offers a brief description of the
basic structure and representation of the BUFR code.
The BUFR form is a binary representation of meteorological data. It is a continuous bit stream made up of a
sequence of octets (one octet is eight bits). The only part of BUFR where information does not end on byte
boundaries is the data section, where a length of BUFR table B elements can have any number of bits (although
it must not exceed the number of bits in a computer word for non-character data).
A BUFR message consists of six sections, some of which may be completely optional (section 2) or partially
optional (section 1).
The representation of data in the form of a series of bits is independent of any particular machine representation.
It is important to stress that the BUFR representation is not suitable for data visualisation without computer
interpretation.
The data section consists of one or more data subsets of related meteorological data which are defined, de-
scribed and represented by a single Bufr table D entry. For observational data, one subset corresponds to one
observation. The data section can be in compressed or uncompressed form.
Each section included in the message always contain an even number of octets. If necessary, sections must be
appended with bits set to zero to fulfil this requirement.
A BUFR message is comprised of the following sections:

• Indicator section

• Identification section

• Optional section

• Data description section

• Data section

• End section

2.1 Indicator section

Indicator section or Section 0 of a Bufr message has a fixed length of eight octets. Information about the total
size of the BUFR message in octets 5-7 is very useful for reading BUFR data from pure binary files. The
content of Section 0 is given in the Table 1.

2.2 Identification section

This section contains information relevant to data recognition without performing complete expansion of data.
Data type and observation date and time are the most important parts of it. In the case of multi-subset data
the time of the earliest observation should be packed into section 1. This section also contains all information
necessary do define the Bufr tables used.

4 ECMWF Technical Notes

2.3 Optional section

Table 1: Bufr Section - 0

Octet number Content

1-4 BUFR four letters in CCITT International Alphabet No.5
5-7 Total length of Bufr message in bytes
8 Bufr Edition number (currently 4)

The layout of the Identification section is given in Table 2.

Table 2: Bufr Section - 1

Octet number Content

1-3 Length of section 1
4 Bufr master table (zero if standard WMO FM 94-IX BUFR tables are used)
5-6 Identification of originating/generating centre
7-8 Identification of originating/generating sub-centre
9 Update sequence number (zero for original BUFR messages; incremented by
one for updates)
10 Bit 1 = 0 No optional section
Bit 1 = 1 Optional section follows
Bit 2-8 Set to zero ( reserved)
11 Data Category (Table A)
12 International data sub-category
13 Local sub-category
14 Version number of master table used (currently 12 for WMO FM 94-IX Ext.
BUFR tables)
15 Version number of local tables used to augment the master table in use
16-17 Year (4 digits)
18 Month
19 Day
20 Hour
21 Minute
22 second
23- Reserved for local use by ADP centres

2.3 Optional section

The presence of Section 2 of the Bufr message is indicated by a flag in the 8th byte of Section 1. This section
can be used locally by Automated Data Processing centres. This Section is used to keep the Report Data Base
key.
The layout of Section 2 is given in table 3.

ECMWF Technical Notes 5

BUFR User’s Guide

Table 3: Bufr Section - 2

Octet number Content

1-3 Length of section in bytes
4 Set to zero (reserved)
5- reserved for local use by ADP centres

2.4 Data description section

This section describes the data in the data section. The information which can be found in the first seven octets
is the number of subsets in the message, their form and the type of data (observation/non-observation). The
data descriptors start in the 8th octet of the section 3. Each descriptor is spread over two bytes and contains
three parts. If F = 0, the descriptor is an element descriptor and values of X and Y define entries in Bufr Table

Table 4: Descriptor reference

F X Y
2 bits 6 bits 8 bits

B. For F = 1, the descriptor is a replication descriptor. If F = 2, the descriptor is one of the operators from bufr
Table C. F = 3 means that the descriptor represents the sequence descriptor from Bufr Table D. The table D
entries contain a list of element descriptors, operators, and/or other sequence descriptors.
In an ideal situation, data in Section 4 should be described by one Bufr Table D entry only.
X stands for class of elements in the range from 0-63 and Y is an entry within class 0-255. Classes 48-63 are
reserved for local use and entries from 192-255 within all classes are also reserved for local usage.
Layout of Data description section is given in the Table 5.

Table 5: Data description section

Octet number Content

1-3 Length of section
4 set to zero (reserved)
5-6 Number of data subsets
7 Bit 1 = 1 Observed data
Bit 1 = 0 Other data
Bit 2 = 1 Compressed data
Bit 2 = 0 Non compressed data
Bits 3-8 set to zero ( reserved)
8- A collection of element descriptors, replication descriptors, operator descrip-
tors and sequence descriptors, which define the form and contents of individ-
ual data elements comprising one data subset in the data section.

6 ECMWF Technical Notes

2.5 Data section

The Data section, like all sections, starts with the length of Section 4 followed by a continuous stream of bits
from byte 5 onward.

Layout of Data section is given in the Table 6.

Table 6: Data section

Octet number Content

1-3 Length of section in bytes
4 set to zero (reserved)
5- Binary data as defined by sequence descriptors

2.6 End section

The End section is comprised of four ”7” characters in CCITT International Alphabet No.5 and this marks the
end of the Bufr message. The layout of the End section is given in the Table 7.

Table 7: End section

Octet number Content

1-4 ”7777” (coded according to the CCITTIA No 5)

ECMWF Technical Notes 7

BUFR User’s Guide

3 BUFR software

The first version of ECMWF Bufr software was designed and implemented in 1987. A great deal of experience
has been gathered in handling binary coded observations since. Bufr software is written in FORTRAN 77.

Versions for C90, VAX, IBM, SGi , SUN, HP and for all UNIX and LINUX based platforms are available. It
has been installed on Mac OSX as well.

3.1 Bufr tables

BUFR is a table driven system. It uses three main tables.

• Bufr Table B - classification elements

• Bufr Table C - text and meaning of all code/flag tables

• Bufr Table D - list of common sequences

Bufr Tables B and D are used to collect all necessary information to pack/unpack Bufr data. Which table is to
be loaded is decided at runtime using information from Section 1 of the Bufr message. The naming convention
for Bufr binary tables is as follows:

Bssswwwwwxxxxxyyyzzz.TXT Cssswwwwwxxxxxyyyzzz.TXT Dssswwwwwxxxxxyyyzzz.TXT where

• sss - Master table number (zero for WMO meteorological tables)

• wwwww - Originating sub-centre

• xxxxx - Originating centre

• yyy - Version number of master table used

• zzz - Version number of local table used

ECMWF is currently using B0000000000098013001.TXT, C0000000000098013001.TXT and D0000000000098013001.TXT

tables. Keep in mind that Bufr Table C in this software is a code table. Bufr has Table C in its definition, where
Bufr Operators are defined. If standard WMO tables are used, the Originating centre xxxxx will be set to
00000 .

Current version of the software will keep in memory up to JTMAX=10 versions of tables in the round robin
fashion.

3.2 Defaults

Integer missing value indicator:

8 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.2 Defaults

NVIND = 2147483647

Real missing value indicator:

RVIND = 1.7D38

Default path for Bufr Tables is hard coded in the software. To change the path set environmental variable
BUFR TABLES :

export BUFR TABLES=/.../

The path must end with ”/”

During decoding Bufr table path and the names are printed. If user doeas not want that, set: VARIABLE
PRINT TABLE NAMES=false

export PRINT TABLE NAMES=false

During decoding code/flag tables could be read if code figure meaning is needed. If user want to use code and
flag tables set: VARIABLE USE TABLE C=true

export USE TABLE C=true

ECMWF Technical Notes 9

BUFR User’s Guide

3.3 Decoding and encoding

3.3.1 Subroutine BUFREX

Purpose

Decodes Bufr message into fully expanded form, returning information relevant to all Bufr Sections, expanded
values, Bufr Table B element names and units.

Interface

CALL BUFREX(KBUFL,KBUFF,KSUP,KSEC0,KSEC1,KSEC2,KSEC3,KSEC4,
KELEM,CNAMES,CUNITS,KVALS,VALUES,CVALS,KERR)

where:

• Integer variables are denoted by first letter K.

• Real variables are denoted by first letter V.

• Character variables are denoted by first letter C.

Input arguments

• KBUFL - An INTEGER variable containing length of Bufr message in words.

• KBUFF - An INTEGER array containing Bufr message.

• KELEM - An INTEGER variable containing expected number of expanded elements

• KVALS - An INTEGER variable containing expected number of data values.

Output arguments

• KSEC0 - An INTEGER array (size 3) containing Bufr Section 0 information.

• KSEC1 - An INTEGER array of at least 40 words containing Bufr Section 1 information. When Section
1 contains data for local use, KSEC1 should be sized accordingly.

• KSEC2 - An INTEGER array of 4096 words containing Bufr Section 2 information. ECMWF uses this
section to store Report Data Base key.

• KSEC3 - An INTEGER array of 4 words containing Bufr Section 3 information.

• KSEC4 - An INTEGER array of 2 words containing Section 4 information.

• KSUP - An INTEGER array (size 9) containing supplementary information.

10 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.3 Decoding and encoding

• CNAMES - CHARACTER*64 array of KELEM words containing element names.

• CUNITS - CHARACTER*24 array of KELEM words containing element units.
• VALUES - REAL*8 array of KVALS words containing element values.
• CVALS - CHARACTER*80 array of KVALS containing CCITT IA No.5 element entries.
• KERR - An INTEGER containing an error code.

KSEC0 - An INTEGER array (size 3) containing Bufr Section 0 information

Array index Word content

1 Length of section 0 in bytes
2 Total length of Bufr message in bytes
3 Bufr Edition number (currently 4)

KSEC1 - An INTEGER array of at least 40 words containing Bufr Section 1 information

Array index Word content

1 Length of section 1 in bytes
2 Bufr Edition number (currently 4)
3 Originating centre
4 Update sequence number
5 Flag (presence of Section 2 in the message)
6 Bufr message type ( Bufr Table A)
7 Bufr message subtype (local use)
8 Version number of local table used
9 Year
10 Month
11 Day
12 Hour
13 Minute
14 Bufr Master Table used
15 Version number of Master table used
16 Originating sub-centre
17 International sub-category
18 Second
19- Local ADP centre information (byte by byte)

KSEC2 - An INTEGER array of 4096 words containing Bufr Section 2 information

Array index Word content

1 Length of Section 2 in bytes
2- Report Data Base key in packed form

ECMWF Technical Notes 11

BUFR User’s Guide

KSEC3 - An INTEGER array of 4 words containing Bufr Section 3 information

Array index Word content

1 Length of Section 3 in bytes
2 Reserved
3 Number of subsets
4 Flag (data type, compression)

KSEC4 - An INTEGER array of 2 words containing Section 4 information

Array index Word content

1 Length of Section 4 in bytes
2- Reserved

KSUP - An INTEGER array (size 9) containing supplementary information

Array index Word content

1 Dimension of KSEC1 array
2 Dimension of KSEC2 array
3 Dimension of KSEC3 array
4 Dimension of KSEC4 array
5 Real number of expanded elements
6 Number of subsets
7 Real number of elements in CVALS array
8 Total Bufr message length in bytes
9 Dimension of KSEC0 array

Method

A Bufr message passed as an argument to this routine is decoded section by section. Before Section 3 ex-
pansion Bufr tables are loaded using KSEC1 information to create table names. The loaded Bufr tables are
kept in memory and swapped only if the next message is requesting different tables.

Section 3 Data descriptors are unpacked and expanded applying all necessary operators in force and creating a
list of Bufr Table B elements which correspond one to one to the data in the Data section of the Bufr message.
Word and bit pointers are calculated for each element in the message.
Having all this information, unpacking of the data is performed applying reference value and scaling to get the
final value for one element in the Bufr message. Unpacked data are stored in VALUES array. The correspond-
ing element names and units are stored in the CNAMES and CUNITS arrays respectively.
To achieve efficiency, original Data descriptors are saved for the following comparison. If the Data descriptors
for the next observation are not different from the previous, the former word and bit pointers to the elements
are used saving time for data descriptors expansion.

12 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.3 Decoding and encoding

If a Bufr Table B element is type character, the corresponding VALUES element contains a real number which,
when truncated to an integer represents

index * 1000 + length

where:

• index - subscript of the element in CVALS where character string is stored.

• length - number of characters represented.

In the case of multi subset data, the one dimensional array VALUES contains all subsets of data. The formula
to find the index to the VALUES array of the i-th element of observation is:

index=i + (nsub-1)*KELEM

so start of next subset is KELEM apart.

Current version of the Bufr software can handle KELEM up to 160000 and KVALS up to 4096000.

Externals

BUEXS0 - Expands Section 0 of Bufr message

BUEXS1 - Expands Section 1 of Bufr message
BUEXS2 - Expands Section 2 of Bufr message
BUEXS3 - Expands Section 3 of Bufr message
BUGBTS - Loads Bufr tables
BUEXS4 - Expands Section 4 of Bufr message
BUEXS5 - Expands Section 5 of Bufr message

Reference

WMO -No. 306 Manual on Codes Volume I, Part B - Binary Codes: J.K. Gibson and M. Dragosavac 1988:
Decoding Data Represented in FM 94-IX Ext. BUFR

ECMWF Technical Notes 13

BUFR User’s Guide

3.3.2 Subroutine BUFREN

Purpose

Creates a packed Bufr message from the information contained in the arguments of the subroutine.

Interface

CALL BUFREN(KSEC0,KSEC1,KSEC2,KSEC3,KSEC4,
KTDLEN,KTDLST,KDLEN,KDATA,KELEM,KVALS,
VALUES,CVALS,KBUFL,KBUFF,KERR)

where

• Integer variables are denoted by first letter K.

• Real variables are denoted by first letter V.
• Character variables are denoted by first letter C

Input arguments

• KSEC0 - An INTEGER array (size 3) containing Bufr Section 0 information

• KSEC1 - An INTEGER array of at least 40 words containing Bufr Section 1 information. When Section
1 contains data for local use, KSEC1 should be sized accordingly.
• KSEC2 - An INTEGER array of 4096 words containing Bufr Section 2 information. ECMWF uses this
section to store Report Data Base key.
• KSEC3 - An INTEGER array of 4 words containing Bufr Section 3
• KSEC4 - An INTEGER array of 2 words containing Section 4 information.
• KTDLEN - An INTEGER variable containing the number of data descriptors to be packed in Section 3
of Bufr message
• KTDLST - An INTEGER array containing the list of KTDLEN data descriptors
• KDLEN - An INTEGER variable containing the dimension of KDATA array
• KDATA - An INTEGER array containing the delayed replication factors which which appear in the Data
section of Bufr message
• KELEM - An INTEGER variable containing the expected number of expanded elements
• KVALS - An INTEGER variable containing the expected number of data values
• VALUES - REAL*8 array of KVALS words containing element values.
• CVALS - CHARACTER*80 array of KVALS containing CCITT IA No.5 element entries.

14 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.3 Decoding and encoding

KSEC0 An INTEGER array (size 3) containing Bufr Section 0 information

Array index Word content

1 Length of section 0 in bytes
2 Total length of Bufr message in bytes
3 Bufr Edition number (currently 4)

KSEC1 An INTEGER array of at least 40 words containing Bufr Section 1

Array index Word content

KSEC2 An INTEGER array of 4096 words containing Bufr Section 2

A basic approach when this software was designed to have a one to one correspondence between expanded
data descriptors and the data itself.

The input arguments have to be filled in before packing,. The lengths of the Sections and the total Bufr
message length are set by the software. The lengths of the Section 1 and 2 must be supplied by the user. The
other Section lengths ought to be set to zero. The default size of the Section 1 is 18 octets and 22 octets for
Bufr Edition 4, if there are no local entries. The Section 2 is optional section, and ECMWF uses it to store
Report Data Base key. In this case the length of the Section 2 is 52 octets.
Before setting values in the VALUES array, it is recommended to initialise it with the MISSING value indicator.
The Optional Section 2 and a local part of Section 1 must be in the packed form because encoder packs these
information in byte by byte manner.
The Data descriptors stored in the KTDLST array are expanded taking delayed replication factor values from
KDATA array if needed. The order of replication factor values must be as they appear in the data. If 203YYY
change reference value operator is used a reference value shall be in KDATA array.
The VALUES array must be filled in correspondence with previously described data elements. In the case of
multi subsets, the pointer of the ith element in VALUES array is:

index=i +(nsub-1)*KELEM

which implies that the first element of the second subset begins at KELEM+1 position even if the number of
elements in the observation is less then KELEM.

For character information or elements having CCITT IA No.5 as units, VALUES array element contains a real
number which, when truncated to an integer represents

16 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.3 Decoding and encoding

value=isub*1000+length

where isub is a subscript of the element in CVALS array, where the character string is stored and the length
represents number of bytes/character occupied by this element.

To find out what one observation should look like, the BUXDES routine can be used. This routine expands
data descriptors for the user. The procedure to print an expanded list of the data descriptors is the same as to
print Section 3 of Bufr message.

Externals

BUENS0 - Packs Section 0 of Bufr message

BUENS1 - Packs Section 1 of Bufr message
BUENS2 - Packs Section 2 of Bufr message
BUENS3 - Packs Section 3 of Bufr message
BUETAB - Loads required Bufr tables
BUENS4 - Packs Section 4 of Bufr message
BUENS5 - Packs Section 5 of Bufr message

Reference

WMO -No. 306 Manual on Codes Volume I, Part B - Binary Codes: J.K. Gibson and M. Dragosavac 1988:De-
coding Data Represented in FM 94-IX

ECMWF Technical Notes 17

BUFR User’s Guide

3.4 Error codes

The errors returned by the Bufr decoding/encoding routines can be zero, negative and positive. The zero
returned error code means no errors detected, negative error is a warning error which can occur during packing.
If the value to be packed is too big, BUFREN will pack the truncated value and return a negative error code.
The hard errors are positive.
The Error codes are given in Table 8.

Table 8: Return error codes

Error number Meaning

1 Start of BUFR message not found
2 End of BUFR message not found
3 Array to receive BUFR message too small
4 JSEC1 parameter too small. Local ADP centre information skipped
5 JSEC2 parameter too small. Local ADP centre information skipped
6 Error during read BUFR table B
7 Error during read BUFR table C
8 Error during read BUFR table D
9 Open error
10 Error during closing BUFR table B
11 Error during close BUFR table C
12 Error during close BUFR table D
13 Number of bits to be extracted greater than number of bits per computer word
14 Argument KVALS too small
15 Increment value for compressed data too big
16 JSUBS parameter too small
17 JWORK parameter too small
18 Replication factor equal to zero
19 Delayed replication factor too big.
20 Table D reference not found
21 Data descriptors operator not found
22 BUFR Operator name not found
23 Table B reference not found
24 Augmented table B reference not found
25 KELEM argument too small
26 Word pointer out of range
27 Too many subsets to be packed
28 Number to be packed too big
continued on next page

18 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.4 Error codes

continued from previous page

Error number Meaning
29 Number of descriptors KTDLEN too big
30 Number of elements greater than JELEM
31 Too few elements in KDATA array
32 Number of subsets equal to zero
33 Negative value to be packed
34 Number of bits to be packed greater than number of bits per computer word
35 Not used
36 Bad order of data descriptors
37 Wrong data descriptors
38 Partial expansion on total message not supported
39 Can not recognise feedback data in this message
40 Request flag illegal
41 Bit map not set
42 This element must be data present indicator
43 Table B element must follow bit map
44 Requested subset does not exist
45 There is no one requested element in the data
46 Input array is too small to receive information

ECMWF Technical Notes 19

BUFR User’s Guide

3.5 Partial expansion

It is possible to expand only the requested subset of elements without unpacking the whole Bufr message. This
method is called partial expansion.
To do partial expansion, the request has to be set by calling the BUSRQ routine before calling BUFREX.

3.5.1 Subroutine BUSRQ

Purpose

Sets flags and Bufr table B reference numbers of the requested elements for partial expansion.

Interface

CALL BUSRQ(KREQ,KRQL,KRQ,RQV,KERR)

where:

• Integer variable are denoted by first letter K.

• Real variables are denoted by first letter R.

Input arguments

• KREQ - An INTEGER array of 2 containing flags.

KREQ(1) - 0 All elements

1 All original observation without quality control
2 All original elements with quality control
2 All original elements with quality control
3 Only feedback information

KREQ(2) - Flag of 6 bits

Bit number Meaning

1 0 not used
2 0 - No partial expansion
1 - Partial expansion
3 0 - No quality control
1 - quality control
4 0 - No statistics
1 - Statistics
5 0 - No difference statistics
1 - Difference statistics

20 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.5 Partial expansion

6 0 - No substituted values
1 - Substituted values

Bit number 1 is right most bit.

• KRQL - An INTEGER containing the number of requested elements

• KRQ - An INTEGER array containing the list of requested elements (Bufr table B reference numbers)

• RQV - A REAL*8 array of KRQL containing a list of values signifying requested elements

Output arguments

• KERR - Error code

Method

The lists of flags and Bufr Table B reference numbers are used to designate requested Bufr elements. The
elements from class 7 and 8 are possible qualifiers for the other elements if supplied with corresponding
values.
The partial expansion is not supported for the whole analysis feedback Bufr messages ( includes original
observation and analysis variables followed by the statistics e.t.c.)
The list of the requested elements and corresponding word and bit pointers are created before expansion. These
pointers are used to extract data from the Data section of the Bufr message.
The KRQ and RQV arrays have to be initialised by missing value indicators NVIND and RVIND respectively.
The KREQ(1) is useful to split the feedback Bufr message into original, quality control and analysis feed back
data.

Externals

BUNPCK - Unpacks bit pattern

BUNPKS - Unpacks bit pattern in repeated way.

Reference

None

ECMWF Technical Notes 21

BUFR User’s Guide

3.5.2 Example

Running BUFR program and answering prompts as below, 500 mb level information is unpacked by the
BUFREX routine.

DO YOU WANT TO PRINT( Y/N ) :y

CODE TABLES TO BE PRINTED ( Y/N ) :n
DO YOU WANT ENCODING( Y/N ) :n
RECORD NUMBER TO START FROM :1
REQUESTED ELEMENT : 007004
REQUESTED VALUE : 50000.
REQUESTED ELEMENT : 008001
REQUESTED VALUE :
REQUESTED ELEMENT : 010003
REQUESTED VALUE :
REQUESTED ELEMENT : 012001
REQUESTED VALUE :
REQUESTED ELEMENT : 012003
REQUESTED VALUE :
REQUESTED ELEMENT : 011001
REQUESTED VALUE :
REQUESTED ELEMENT : 011002
REQUESTED VALUE :
REQUESTED ELEMENT :
REQUESTED VALUE :
REQUESTED FLAG 1 : 1
REQUESTED FLAG 2 : 2

DO YOU WANT TO PRINT SECTION 0-3( Y/N ) :y

This is the output from the program:

ECMWF

BUFR DECODING SOFTWARE VERSION - 7.1

07 June 2005.

Your path for bufr tables is :

/home/ma/maa/bigtmp/wmo_bufr_crex_000250/bufr_000270/bufrtables
BUFR TABLES TO BE LOADED B0000000000098006001,D0000000000098006001
1
BUFR SECTION 0

LENGTH OF SECTION 0 (BYTES) 8

TOTAL LENGTH OF BUFR MESSAGE (BYTES) 1406
BUFR EDITION NUMBER 3
1
BUFR SECTION 1

LENGTH OF SECTION 1 (BYTES) 18

BUFR EDITION NUMBER 3
ORIGINATING SUB-CENTRE 0
ORIGINATING CENTRE 98
UPDATE SEQUENCE NUMBER 1
FLAG (PRESENCE OF SECTION 2) 128
BUFR MESSAGE TYPE 2
BUFR MESSAGE SUBTYPE 101
VERSION NUMBER OF LOCAL TABLE 1
YEAR 5
MONTH 5
DAY 9
HOUR 10
MINUTE 0

22 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.5 Partial expansion

VERSION NUMBER OF MASTER TABLE 6

BUFR MASTER TABLE 0
1
BUFR SECTION 2

LENGTH OF SECTION 2 52

REPORT DATA BASE KEY

RDB DATA TYPE 5

RDB DATA SUBTYPE 101
YEAR 2005
MONTH 5
DAY 9
HOUR 10
MINUTE 0
SECOND 0
LATITUDE 1 51.20
LONGITUDE 1 -1.80
IDENTIFER 03743
TOTAL BUFR MESSAGE LENGTH 1406
DAY (RDB INSERTION) 9
HOUR (RDB INSERTION) 10
MINUTE (RDB INSERTION) 53
SECOND (RDB INSERTION) 7
DAY (MDB ARRIVAL) 9
HOUR (MDB ARRIVAL) 10
MINUTE (MDB ARRIVAL) 50
SECOND (MDB ARRIVAL 20
CORRECTION NUMBER 1
PART OF MESSAGE 1
CORRECTION NUMBER 1
PART OF MESSAGE 1
CORRECTION NUMBER 0
PART OF MESSAGE 0
CORRECTION NUMBER 0
PART OF MESSAGE 0
QUALITY CONTROL % CONF 70
1
BUFR SECTION 3

LENGTH OF SECTION 3 (BYTES) 40

RESERVED 0
NUMBER OF DATA SUBSETS 1
FLAG (DATA TYPE/DATA COMPRESSION) 128

DATA DESCRIPTORS (UNEXPANDED)

1 309007
2 104000
3 031001
4 007004
5 008001
6 011061
7 011062
8 222000
9 101000
10 031002
11 031031
12 001031
13 001032
14 101000
15 031002
16 033007

DATA DESCRIPTORS (EXPANDED)

ECMWF Technical Notes 23

BUFR User’s Guide

1 007004 PRESSURE
2 008001 VERTICAL SOUNDING SIGNIFICANCE
3 010003 GEOPOTENTIAL
4 012001 TEMPERATURE/DRY BULB TEMPERATURE
5 012003 DEW POINT TEMPERATURE
6 011001 WIND DIRECTION
7 011002 WIND SPEED

STARTING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : 1

ENDING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : 1

EXPANDED BUFR MESSAGE

1 PRESSURE 0.5000000000E+05 PA
2 VERTICAL SOUNDI 0.3600000000E+02 FLAG TABLE 008001
3 GEOPOTENTIAL 0.5374000000E+05 M**2/S**2
4 TEMPERATURE/DRY 0.2475000000E+03 K
5 DEW POINT TEMPE 0.2245000000E+03 K
6 WIND DIRECTION 0.3050000000E+03 DEGREE TRUE
7 WIND SPEED 0.2600000000E+02 M/S

The equivalent request in batch mode will be:

KREQ(1)=1
KREQ(2)=2
KRQL=7

KRQ(1)=007004 RQV(1)=50000.
KRQ(2)=008001 RQV(2)=RMISS
KRQ(3)=010003 RQV(3)=RMISS
KRQ(4)=012001 RQV(4)=RMISS
KRQ(5)=012003 RQV(5)=RMISS
KRQ(6)=011001 RQV(6)=RMISS
KRQ(7)=011002 RQV(7)=RMISS

where RMISS is missing value indicator RMISS=1.7E38

CALL BURQS(KREQ,KRQL,KRQ,RQV,KERR)

getting the same result as previously.

24 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.6 Printing routines

Bufr form is a binary representation of meteorological data and as such is not suitable for visualization. After
expanding Bufr data using the BUFREX routine a number of printing routines can be used to print different
parts of the Bufr message.

3.6.1 To print Section 0

CALL BUPRS0(KSEC0)

3.6.2 To print Section 1

CALL BUPRS1(KSEC1)

3.6.3 To print Section 2

Section 2 of the Bufr message is an optional section and every ADP centre can pack any information in this
section. The Bufr software decodes this local information and stores it into KSEC2 array. ECMWF is storing
RDB key in the Section 2 of the Bufr messages. To print content of the Section 2, subroutine BUUKEY must
be called before the BUPRS2 routine.
For other cases, special routines have to be written to unpack this information.

CALL BUUKEY(KSEC1,KSEC2,KEY,KSUP,KERR)

CALL BUPRS2(KSUP,KEY)

where

• KEY - An INTEGER array containing RDB key information

• The other arguments were described in previous routines.

KEY - An INTEGER array containing RDB key information

Array index Word content

1 Length of Section 2 in bytes
2 RDB type
continued on next page

ECMWF Technical Notes 25

BUFR User’s Guide

continued from previous page

Array index Word content
3 RDB subtype
4 Year
5 Month
6 Day
7 Hour
8 Minute
9 Second
10 Longitude 1
10 Latitude 1
12 Longitude 2
13 Latitude 2
14 Number of subsets
15 Ident (numeric as satellite number)
16 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
17 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
18 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
19 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
20 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
21 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
22 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
23 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
24 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
25 Total Bufr message length in bytes
26 Day (RDB insertion)
27 Hour (RDB insertion)
28 Minute (RDB insertion)
29 Second (RDB insertion)
30 Day (MDB insertion)
31 Hour MDB insertion)
32 Minute (MDB insertion)
33 Second (MDB insertion)
34 Correction number
35 Part received (for TEMP/PILOT observations)
36 Not used
37 Correction number
38 Part received (for TEMP/PILOT observations)
39 Not used
40 Correction number
continued on next page

26 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.6 Printing routines

continued from previous page

Array index Word content
41 Part received (for TEMP/PILOT observations)
42 Not used
43 Correction number
44 Part received (for TEMP/PILOT observations)
45 Not used
46 The lowest quality control % confidence

3.6.4 To print Section 3

Prior to calling the BUPRS3 routine, the BUSEL or BUSEL2 routine has to be called to get lists of unexpanded
and fully expanded Data descriptors. In the case of multi-subset uncompressed bufr data the expanded list of
descriptors might be different for different subsets.

CALL BUSEL(KTDLEN,KTDLST,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,KERR)

CALL BUSEL2(KSUBSET,KELEM,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,CUNITS,KERR)

CALL BUPRS3(KSEC3,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,KELEM,CNAMES)

3.6.5 To print data

CALL BUPRT(K,KSUB1,KSUB2,KELEM,CNAMES,CUNITS,CVALS,
KVALS,VALUES,KSUP,KSEC1,KERR)

where:

• K - An INTEGER set to 0 - No Code table entry

1 - Code table entry

• KSUB1 - An INTEGER containing the starting subset to print.

• KSUB2 - An INTEGER containing the ending subset to print.

• KELEM - An INTEGER containing the expected number of expanded elements.

• CNAMES - A CHARACTER*64 array containing the element names.

• CUNITS - A CHARACTER*24 array containing the units.

• CVALS -A CHARACTER*80 array containing character values.

• KVALS -An INTEGER containing the expected number of data values.

• VALUES - A REAL*8 array containing the expanded values.

ECMWF Technical Notes 27

BUFR User’s Guide

• KSUP - AN INTEGER array containing supplementary information.

• KSEC1 -An INTEGER array containing Section 1 information.

• KERR - An INTEGER containing an error code.

28 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.7 Bufr software tools

3.7.1 Subroutine BUS012

Purpose

Expands only Sections 0, 1 and 2 of Bufr message.

Interface

CALL BUS012(KBUFL,KBUFF,KSUP,KSEC0,KSEC1,KSEC2,KERR)

where

• Integer variables are denoted by first letter K.

Input arguments

• KBUFL - An INTEGER variable containing the length of Bufr message in words.

• KBUFF -An INTEGER array containingthe Bufr message.

Output argument

• KSUP - An INTEGER array size 9 containing supplementary information

• KSEC0 - An INTEGER array size 3 containing Bufr Section 0 information

• KSEC1 - An INTEGER array of at least 40 words containing Bufr Section 1 information. When Section
1 contains data for local use, KSEC1 should be sized accordingly.

• KSEC2 - An INTEGER array of 4096 words containing Bufr Section 2 information. ECMWF uses this
section to store Report Data Base key.

• KERR - An Integer containing an error code.

ECMWF Technical Notes 29

BUFR User’s Guide

KSUP AN INTEGER array containing supplementary information

Array index Word content

KSEC0 An INTEGER array size 3 containing Bufr Section 0 information

Array index Word content

1 Length of section 0 in bytes
2 Total length of Bufr message in bytes
3 Bufr Edition number (currently 4)

KSEC1 An INTEGER array of at least 40 words containing Bufr Section 1

Array index Word content

30 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.7 Bufr software tools

KSEC2 An INTEGER array of 4096 words containing Bufr Section 2

Array index Word content

1 Length of Section 2 in bytes
2- Report Data Base key in packed form

Method

None.

Externals

BUEXS0 - Expands Section 0 of Bufr message

BUEXS1 - Expands Section 1 of Bufr message

BUEXS2 - Expands Section 2 of Bufr message

Reference

None.

ECMWF Technical Notes 31

BUFR User’s Guide

3.7.2 Subroutine BUS0123

Purpose

Expands only Sections 0, 1, 2 and 3 of Bufr message.

Interface

CALL BUS0123(KBUFL,KBUFF,KSUP,KSEC0,KSEC1,KSEC2,KSEC3,KERR)

where

• Integer variables are denoted by first letter K.

Input arguments

• KBUFL - An INTEGER variable containing the length of Bufr message in words.

• KBUFF -An INTEGER array containingthe Bufr message.

Output argument

ECMWF Technical Notes 33

BUFR User’s Guide

KSEC2 An INTEGER array of 4096 words containing Bufr Section 2

Array index Word content

1 Length of Section 2 in bytes
2- Report Data Base key in packed form

KSEC3 - An INTEGER array of 4 words containing Bufr Section 3 information

Array index Word content

1 Length of Section 3 in bytes
2 Reserved
3 Number of subsets
4 Flag (data type, compression)

Method

None.

Externals

BUEXS0 - Expands Section 0 of Bufr message

BUEXS1 - Expands Section 1 of Bufr message

BUEXS2 - Expands Section 2 of Bufr message

BUEXS3 - Expands Section 3 of Bufr message

Reference

None.

34 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.7 Bufr software tools

3.7.3 Subroutine BUSEL

Purpose

Returns lists of unexpanded and expanded data descriptors from the Bufr message. The lists contains Bufr
Table D sequence numbers, and the Bufr Table B reference numbers.

Interface

CALL BUSEL(KTDLEN,KTDLST,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,KERR)

where

• Integer variables are denoted by first letter K.

Input arguments

None.

Output arguments

• KTDLEN - An INTEGER variable containing number of data descriptors in KTDLST array

• KTDLST - An INTEGER array containing the list of KTDLEN data descriptors

• KTDEXL - An INTEGER variable containing number of expanded data descriptors

• KTDEXP - An INTEGER array containing the list of KTDEXL data descriptors

• KERR - An INTEGER containing error code.

Method

None

Externals

None

Reference

None

ECMWF Technical Notes 35

BUFR User’s Guide

3.7.4 Subroutine BUSEL2

Purpose

Returns lists of unexpanded and expanded data descriptors from the Bufr message for particular sebset.

Interface

CALL BUSEL2(KSUBSET,KELEM,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,CUNITS,KERR)

where

• Integer variables are denoted by first letter K.

Input arguments

• KSUBSET - Subset number

• KELEM - Number of expected elements

Output arguments

• KTDLEN - An INTEGER variable containing number of data descriptors in KTDLST array

• KTDLST - An INTEGER array containing the list of KTDLEN data descriptors
• KTDEXL - An INTEGER variable containing number of expanded data descriptors
• KTDEXP - An INTEGER array containing the list of KTDEXL data descriptors
• CNAMES - CHARACTER array containing element name
• CUNITS - CHARACTER array containing element unit
• KERR - An INTEGER containing error code.

Method

None

Externals

None

Reference

None

36 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.7 Bufr software tools

3.7.5 Subroutine BUUKEY

Purpose

Unpacks ECMWF Report Data Base Key.

Interface

CALL BUUKEY(KSEC1,KSEC2,KEY,KSUP,KERR)

where: zz

• Integer variables are denoted by first letter K.

Input arguments

KSEC1 An INTEGER array of at least 40 words containing Bufr Section 1

continued from previous page

Array index Word content
10 Latitude 1
12 Longitude 2
13 Latitude 2
14 Number of subsets
15 Ident (numeric as satellite number)
16 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
17 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
18 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
19 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
20 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
21 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
22 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
23 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
24 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
25 Total Bufr message length in bytes
26 Day (RDB insertion)
27 Hour (RDB insertion)
28 Minute (RDB insertion)
29 Second (RDB insertion)
30 Day (MDB insertion)
31 Hour MDB insertion)
32 Minute (MDB insertion)
33 Second (MDB insertion)
34 Correction number
35 Part received (for TEMP/PILOT observations)
36 Not used
37 Correction number
38 Part received (for TEMP/PILOT observations)
39 Not used
40 Correction number
41 Part received (for TEMP/PILOT observations)
42 Not used
43 Correction number
44 Part received (for TEMP/PILOT observations)
45 Not used
46 The lowest quality control % confidence

Method

The latitudes and longitudes are unpacked and stored as integers. To get real values apply the following

ECMWF Technical Notes 39

BUFR User’s Guide

calculation:

RLAT1 = (KEY(11) - 9000000)/100000.

RLON1 = (KEY(10) - 18000000)/100000.
RLAT2 = (KEY(13) - 9000000)/100000.
RLON2 = (KEY(12) - 18000000)/100000.

Externals

BUNPCK - Unpack Bit pattern

BUNPKS - Unpacks bit pattern in repeated way

Reference

None.

40 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.7 Bufr software tools

3.7.6 Subroutine BUPKEY

Purpose

Packs ECMWF RDB Key into KSEC2 array.

Interface

CALL BUPKEY(KEY,KSEC1,KSEC2,KERR)

where:

• Integer variables are denoted by first letter K.

Input arguments

• KEY - An INTEGER array of 46 words containing unpacked RDB

• KSEC1 - An INTEGER array of at least 40 words containing Bufr Section 1 information. When Section
1 contains data for local use, KSEC1 should be sized accordingly.

• KSEC2 - An INTEGER array of 4096 words containing Bufr Section 2.

KEY An INTEGER array of 46 words containing unpacked RDB key.

Array index Word content

Array index Word content
1 Length of Section 2 in bytes
2 RDB type
3 RDB subtype
4 Year
5 Month
6 Day
7 Hour
8 Minute
9 Second
10 Longitude 1
10 Latitude 1
continued on next page

ECMWF Technical Notes 41

BUFR User’s Guide

continued from previous page

Array index Word content
12 Longitude 2
13 Latitude 2
14 Number of subsets
15 Ident (numeric as satellite number)
16 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
17 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
18 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
19 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
20 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
21 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
22 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
23 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
24 Ident (CCITTIA5) one character
25 Total Bufr message length in bytes
26 Day (RDB insertion)
27 Hour (RDB insertion)
28 Minute (RDB insertion)
29 Second (RDB insertion)
30 Day (MDB insertion)
31 Hour MDB insertion)
32 Minute (MDB insertion)
33 Second (MDB insertion)
34 Correction number
35 Part received (for TEMP/PILOT observations)
36 Not used
37 Correction number
38 Part received (for TEMP/PILOT observations)
39 Not used
40 Correction number
41 Part received (for TEMP/PILOT observations)
42 Not used
43 Correction number
44 Part received (for TEMP/PILOT observations)
45 Not used
46 The lowest quality control % confidence

42 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.7 Bufr software tools

KSEC1 The content od the KSEC1 array is given in the following Table:
Array index Word content
1 Length of section 1 in bytes
2 Bufr Edition number (currently 4)
3 Originating centre
4 Update sequence number
5 Flag (presence of Section 2 in the message)
6 Bufr message type ( Bufr Table A)
7 Bufr message subtype (local use)
8 Version number of local table used
9 Year
10 Month
11 Day
12 Hour
13 Minute
14 Bufr Master Table used
15 Version number of Master table used
16 Originating sub-centre
17 International sub-category
18 Second
19- Local ADP centre information (byte by byte)

KSEC2 The content od the KSEC2 array is given in the following Table:
Array index Word content
1 Length of Section 2 in bytes
2- Report Data Base key in packed form

Output arguments

• KERR - Error code

Method

The integer values in the KEY array for latitude and longitude must be calculated as:

KEY(10) = NINT (RLON1 * 100000. + 18000000)

KEY(11) = NINT (RLAT1 * 100000.+ 9000000
KEY(12) = NINT (RLON2 * 100000. + 18000000)
KEY(13) = NINT (RLAT2 * 100000. + 9000000)

Externals

BUPCK - Packs bit pattern

ECMWF Technical Notes 43

BUFR User’s Guide

3.7.7 Subroutine BUXDES

Purpose

A basic principle in encoding Bufr data is to have a one to one correspondence between data descriptors and
the values to be packed.
This routine is a tool to achieve this requirement. It expands Data descriptors and prints unexpanded and
expanded lists. The Unexpanded list should be part of Section 3 of the Bufr message and the VALUES array
ought to be filled with element values corresponding to the expanded data descriptors.

Interface

CALL BUXDES(K,KSEC1,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KDLEN,KDATA,KELEM,
KTDEXL,KTDEXP,CNAMES, CUNITS,KERR)

where:

• Integer variables are denoted by first letter K.

• Character variables are denoted by first letter C.

Input arguments

• K - An INTEGER variable containing 0 - no print 1 - print

• KSEC1 - An INTEGER array of at least 40 words containing Bufr Section 1 information. When Section
1 contains data for local use, KSEC1 should be sized accordingly. The following words of KSEC1 must
be filled:
KSEC1(2) - Bufr Edition number (currently 4) KSEC1(3) - Originating centre KSEC1(8) - Version
number of local tables used KSEC1(15)- Version number of Master table used

• KTDLEN - An INTEGER containing number of data descriptors

• KTDLST - An INTEGER array containing data descriptors for Bufr Section 3

• KDLEN - An INTEGER containing dimension of array KDATA

• KDATA - An INTEGER array containing delayed replication factors in the order they appear in the
expanded list

• KELEM - An INTEGER containing expected number of expanded elements

44 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.7 Bufr software tools

Output arguments

• KTDEXL - An INTEGER containing number of expanded elements.

• KTDEXP - An INTEGER array containing list of expanded elements.

• CNAMES - CHARACTER*64 array containing list names of expanded

element

• CUNITS -Character*24 array containing list of units for expanded elements

• KERR - Return error code.

Method

None.

Externals

BUETAB - Loads required Bufr tables.

BUEDD - Expands data descriptors

Reference

None.

ECMWF Technical Notes 45

BUFR User’s Guide

3.7.8 Subroutine BUBOX

Purpose

The expanded Bufr message can be very lengthy containing many bit maps referring backwards to the data.
This routine resolves bit maps for the user, returning two dimensional arrays containing the expanded obser-
vation and the corresponding applications (quality controls, statistics, differences e.t.c).
Every application appears as a new column. A new data are following each other in the first column, starting
with the generating centre/application information.

Interface

CALL BUBOX(KSUB,KSUP,KELEM,KWTR,CNAMES,CUNITS,KVALS,
VALUES,KBOX,KAPP,KLEN,KBOXR,VALS,CBOXN,CBOXU, KERR)

where:

• Integer variables are denoted by first letter K.

• Real variable are denoted by first letter V.

• Character variables are denoted by first letter C.

Input arguments

• KSUB - An INTEGER containing subset number.

• KSUP - An INTEGER array size 9 containing supplementary information.

• KELEM - An INTEGER variable containing expected number of expanded. elements. It must be the
same as used in BUFREX routine previously called.

• KWTR - An INTEGER array containing list of expanded Bufr table B reference numbers (KTDEXP
output from BUSEL routine).

• CNAMES - A CHARACTER*64 array of KELEM words containing element names.

• CUNITS - A CHARACTER*24 array of KELEM words containing element units.

• KVALS - An INTEGER variable containing expected number of data values.

• VALUES - A REAL*8 array of KVALS words containing element values.

46 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.7 Bufr software tools

Output arguments

• KBOX - An INTEGER containing number of elements in first column of box.

• KAPP - An INTEGER containing number of applications

• KLEN - An INTEGER containing max index for number of rows. The next column starts at KLEN +1
element or index=i + (KAPP - 1)*KLEN to address any value in the box.

• KBOXR - An INTEGER array of 80000 containing Bufr table B reference numbers.

• VALS - A REAL*8 array of 80000 containing boxed values.

• CBOXN - A CHARACTER*64 array of 80000 containing boxed element names.

• CBOXU - A CHARACTER*24 array of 80000 containing boxed units.

• KERR - An INTEGER containing error code

Method

The expanded Bufr message is passed in the subroutine to resolve backward reference bit maps associating
all applications to the particular element. The output arrays containing boxed data are one dimensional arrays
containing information as two dimensional table.
The first column contains in first 6 rows reserved information and the original observation starts at the index
7. Columns 2- KAPP are different generating applications corresponding through bit maps to the data in the
column 1. Column 1 contains KLEN elements. Index to the i-th element can be calculated as:
index = i + (KAPP-1) * KLEN
The first raw, columns 2 to KAPP contain quality control operators (222000, 225000 e.t.c) Rows 2 to 6,
columns 2 to KAPP contain generating centre, generating application, statistics, incremental update number
and minimisation simulation number respectively.

Externals

BUERR - Prints error

Reference

None.

ECMWF Technical Notes 47

BUFR User’s Guide

3.7.9 Subroutine BUPRTBOX

Purpose

Prints boxed expanded Bufr message.

Interface

CALL BUPRTBOX(KBOX,KAPP,KLEN,KBOXR,VALS,CBOXN,CBOXU)

Input arguments

• KBOX - An INTEGER containing number of elements in first column of box.

• KAPP - An INTEGER containing number of applications

• KLEN - An INTEGER containing max index for number of rows. The next column starts at KLEN +1
element or index=i + (KAPP –1)*KLEN to address any value in the box.

• KBOXR - An INTEGER array containing Bufr table B reference numbers.

• VALS -A REAL*8 array containing boxed values.

• CBOXN -A CHARACTER*64 array containing boxed element names.

• CBOXU - A CHARACTER*24 array containing boxed units.

Output arguments

None.

Method

None.

Externals

None.

Reference

None.

48 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.7 Bufr software tools

3.7.10 Subroutine BUGET OPERA IMAGE

Purpose
Applies delayed repetition to create full image. The routine can be called after call to bufrex and busel2
routines. It will return image array and imahe meta-data information.

Interface

BUGET_OPERA_IMAGE(KSEC1,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,CUNITS,
KELEM,,KVALS,VALUES,CVALS,
KTDEXL_IMG,KTDEXP_IMG,CNAMES_IMG,CUNITS_IMG,
KVALS_IMG,VALUES_IMG,CVALS_IMG,IMAGE,KERR)

Input arguments

• KSEC1 - An INTEGER array of at least 40 words containing Bufr Section 1

• KTDEXL - An INTEGER variable containing number of expanded data descriptors

• KTDEXP - An INTEGER array containing the list of KTDEXL data descriptors

• CNAMES - A CHARACTER*64 array of kelem containing element names

• CUNITS - A CHARACTER*24 array of kelem containig bufr table B units

• KELEM - An INTEGER containing expected number of expanded elements

• KVALS - An INTEGER containing expected number of data elelemnts

• VALUES - A REAL*8 array containing expanded values

• CVALS - A CHARACTER*80 array containing character values

Output arguments

• KTDEXL IMG - An INTEGER variable containing number of expanded data descriptors

• KTDEXP IMG - An INTEGER array containing the list of KTDEXL IMG data descriptors

• CNAMES IMG - A CHARACTER*64 array of kelem containing element names

• CUNITS IMG - A CHARACTER*24 array of kelem containig bufr table B units

• KVALS IMG - An INTEGER containing expected number of data elelemnts

• VALUES IMG - A REAL*8 array containing expanded values

• CVALS IMG - A CHARACTER*80 array containing character values

• IMAGE - INTEGER array containing image ( pixel values)

• KERR - RETURN error code

ECMWF Technical Notes 49

BUFR User’s Guide

Method

None.

Externals

None.

50 ECMWF Technical Notes

3.8 Performance

The speed to decode Bufr messages is proportional to the number of messages. Since the same number of the
same kind of observations can be packed into Bufr form in many ways, it is recommended to use multi subsets
in compressed form when- ever possible. To get the best performance from the software it is recommended
that:

• The input file for expansion should contain Bufr messages sorted according to their types.

• Avoid usage of delayed data descriptor replication factors if possible.

• Avoid usage of Operator 203yyy to change reference values.

• Encode data into Bufr form in multi subset compressed form.

Here are some figures of real times used on IBM RS6000, single processor computer to expand:

• All conventional data for one analysis cycle (56945 Bufr messages, 197696 subsets) 18 seconds.

• All AIRS data for one analysis cycle (70 Mbytes, 7775 bufr messages with 80563 subsets) 122 seconds.

ECMWF Technical Notes 51

BUFR User’s Guide

4 Quality control in BUFR

A quality control information in the Bufr shall be represented using Quality control operators from the Bufr
Table C. Table 9 contains definition of possible operators and their usage.
Table 9: Bufr Tables C quality control operators

Table Operand Operator Operation definition

Reference name
FX
2 22 000 Quality informa- The Class 33 quality information which follows relates
tion to the following N fully expanded (including all repli-
cations) data descriptors; this operator shall be followed
by a replication operator and the data present indicator
(031031); the replication factor shall define N, while the
bit map defined within the data by the replicated 031031
descriptor shall indicate those elements for which quality
control information is given.
2 23 000 Substituted values The substituted values which follow relate to the previous
operator N fully expanded (including all replications) data descrip-
tors; this operator shall be followed by a replication oper-
ator and the data present indicator (031031); the replica-
tion factor shall define N, while the bit map defined within
the data by the replicated 031031descriptor shall indicate
those elements for which substituted values are given
2 23 255 Substituted value This operator shall indicate the relative position of the
marker operator data element in the data stream where the descriptor(s)
indicated as relevant by the 031031 descriptor shall have
effect. This device allows for additional descriptors (and
data) to be placed after the 031031 descriptor (and its as-
sociated bit map in the data) without losing the correspon-
dence between the original descriptors and the substituted
values.
2 24 000 First order statisti- The statistical values which follow relate to the previous
cal values follow N fully expanded (including all replications) data descrip-
tors; this operator shall be followed by a replication oper-
ator and the data present indicator (031031); the repli-
cation factor shall define N, while the bit map defined
within the data described by the replicated 031031 de-
scriptor shall indicate those elements for which statisti-
cal values are given; each statistical value shall be repre-
sented in the data according to the scheme described by
the corresponding data descriptor, as possibly modified
by any operator having scope over that descriptor when
first used.
continued on next page

52 ECMWF Technical Notes

continued from previous page
Table Operand Operator Operation definition
Reference name
FX
2 24 255 First order statisti- This operator shall indicate the relative position of the
cal values marker data element in the data stream where the descriptor(s)
operator indicated as relevant by the 031031 operator shall have
effect. This device allows for additional descriptors (and
data) to be placed after the 031031 descriptor (and its as-
sociated bit map in the data) without loosing the corre-
spondence between the original descriptors and the sta-
tistical values.
2 25 000 Difference statisti- The statistical values which follow relate to the previous
cal values follow N fully expanded (including all replications) data descrip-
tors; this operator shall be followed by a replication oper-
ator and the data present indicator (031031); the replica-
tion factor shall define N, while the bit map defined within
the data by the replicated 031031 descriptor shall indicate
those elements for which statistical values are given; each
statistical value shall be represented in the data accord-
ing to the scheme described by the corresponding data
descriptor, as possibly modified by any operator having
scope over that descriptor when first used, but with a ref-
erence value of -2n and data width of (n+1), where n is the
data width given by the original descriptor. This special
reference value allows the statistical difference values to
be centred around zero.
2 25 255 Difference statisti- This operator shall indicate the relative position of the
cal values marker data element in the data stream where the descriptor(s)
operator indicated as relevant by the 031031 operator shall have
effect. This device allows for additional descriptors (and
data) to be placed after the 031031 descriptor (and its as-
sociated bit map in the data) without loosing the corre-
spondence between the original descriptors and the sta-
tistical values.
2 32 000 Replaced/ retained The replaced retained values which follows relate to the
values follow previous N fully expanded (including all replications)
data descriptors; this operator shall be followed by a repli-
cation operator and the data present indicator (031031);
the replication factor shall define N, while the bit map de-
fined within the data by the replicated 031031 descriptor
shall indicate those elements for which replace/retained
values are given.
continued on next page

ECMWF Technical Notes 53

BUFR User’s Guide

continued from previous page

Table Operand Operator Operation definition
Reference name
FX
2 32 255 Replaced/retained This operator shall indicate the relative position of the
value marker data element in the data stream where the descriptor(s)
operator indicated as relevant by the 031031 operator shall have
effect. This device allows for additional descriptors (and
data) to be placed after the 031031 descriptor (and its
associated bit map in the data) without loosing the cor-
respondence between the original descriptors and the re-
placed/retained values.
2 35 000 Cancel backward This operator terminates all previously define backward
data reference references.
2 36 000 Define backward This operator is used when defining backward reference
reference bit map bit maps which are likely to be reused; this operator shall
be followed by a replication operator and the data present
indicator (031031); the replication factor shall define N,
while the bit map defined within the data by the replicated
031031 descriptor shall indicate the elements selected.
2 37 000 Used defined bit This operator may be used instead of the sequence
map ”replication operator followed by data present indicator
(031031)”; use of this operator shall indicate that the bit
map defined by the operator 236000 be used again.
2 37 255 Cancel use defined This operator cancels the reuse of a previously defined bit
bit map map.

54 ECMWF Technical Notes

4.1 Quality control example

Bufr message containing analysis feedback data was expanded. List of descriptors in the section 3 shows
how to use quality control operators to represent various quality controls and statistics. The output contains
following information:

ECMWF

BUFR DECODING SOFTWARE VERSION - 7.1

07 June 2005.

Your path for bufr tables is :

/home/ma/maa/bigtmp/wmo_bufr_crex_000250/bufr_000270/bufrtables
BUFR TABLES TO BE LOADED B0000000000098006001,D0000000000098006001
1
BUFR SECTION 0

LENGTH OF SECTION 0 (BYTES) 8

TOTAL LENGTH OF BUFR MESSAGE (BYTES) 3572
BUFR EDITION NUMBER 3
1
BUFR SECTION 1

LENGTH OF SECTION 1 (BYTES) 18

BUFR EDITION NUMBER 3
ORIGINATING SUB-CENTRE 0
ORIGINATING CENTRE 98
UPDATE SEQUENCE NUMBER 1
FLAG (PRESENCE OF SECTION 2) 128
BUFR MESSAGE TYPE 4
BUFR MESSAGE SUBTYPE 142
VERSION NUMBER OF LOCAL TABLE 1
YEAR 4
MONTH 5
DAY 20
HOUR 3
MINUTE 1
VERSION NUMBER OF MASTER TABLE 6
BUFR MASTER TABLE 0
1
BUFR SECTION 2

LENGTH OF SECTION 2 52

REPORT DATA BASE KEY

RDB DATA TYPE 7

RDB DATA SUBTYPE 142
YEAR 2004
MONTH 5
DAY 20
HOUR 3
MINUTE 1
SECOND 0
LATITUDE 1 -33.10
LONGITUDE 1 -169.55
LATITUDE 2 61.00
LONGITUDE 2 174.40
NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS 37
IDENTIFIER 0
TOTAL BUFR MESSAGE LENGTH 3572
DAY (RDB INSERTION) 0
HOUR (RDB INSERTION) 0
MINUTE( (RDB INSERTION) 0
SECOND (RDB INSERTION) 0
DAY (MDB ARRIVAL) 0
HOUR (MDB ARRIVAL) 0
MINUTE (MDB ARRIVAL) 0
SECOND (MDB ARRIVAL 0
CORRECTION NUMBER 0
PART OF MESSAGE 0
CORRECTION NUMBER 0
PART OF MESSAGE 0
CORRECTION NUMBER 0
PART OF MESSAGE 0
CORRECTION NUMBER 0
PART OF MESSAGE 0
QUALITY CONTROL % CONF 0
1
BUFR SECTION 3

LENGTH OF SECTION 3 (BYTES) 434

RESERVED 0
NUMBER OF DATA SUBSETS 37
FLAG (DATA TYPE/DATA COMPRESSION) 192

ECMWF Technical Notes 55

BUFR User’s Guide

DATA DESCRIPTORS (UNEXPANDED)

1 311001
2 222000
3 101018
4 031031
5 001031
6 001032
7 101018
8 033007
9 001031
10 001032
11 033220
12 033232
13 033222
14 033233
15 235000
16 001031
17 001032
18 007004
19 011003
20 011004
21 010195
22 012001
23 222000
24 236000
25 101005
26 031031
27 001031
28 001032
29 101005
30 033209
31 222000
32 237000
33 001031
34 001032
35 101005
36 033208
37 222000
38 237000
39 001031
40 001032
41 101005
42 033207
43 222000
44 237000
45 001031
46 001032
47 101005
48 033206
49 222000
50 237000
51 001031
52 001032
53 101005
54 033205
55 222000
56 237000
57 001031
58 001032
59 101005
60 033236
61 222000
62 237000
63 001031
64 001032
65 101005
66 033249
67 222000
68 237000
69 001031
70 001032
71 101005
72 033238
73 222000
74 237000
75 001031
76 001032
77 101005
78 033234
79 222000
80 237000
81 001031
82 001032
83 101005
84 033250
85 222000
86 237000
87 001031
88 001032

56 ECMWF Technical Notes

4.1 Quality control example

89 101005
90 033251
91 224000
92 237000
93 001031
94 001032
95 008023
96 101005
97 224255
98 224000
99 237000
100 001031
101 001032
102 008023
103 101005
104 224255
105 224000
106 237000
107 001031
108 001032
109 008023
110 101005
111 224255
112 224000
113 237000
114 001031
115 001032
116 008023
117 101005
118 224255
119 224000
120 237000
121 001031
122 001032
123 008023
124 101005
125 224255
126 225000
127 237000
128 001031
129 001032
130 008024
131 101005
132 225255
133 225000
134 237000
135 001031
136 001032
137 008024
138 033210
139 033211
140 101005
141 225255
142 225000
143 237000
144 001031
145 001032
146 008024
147 033210
148 033211
149 101005
150 225255
151 225000
152 237000
153 001031
154 001032
155 008024
156 033210
157 033211
158 101005
159 225255
160 225000
161 237000
162 001031
163 001032
164 008024
165 033210
166 033211
167 101005
168 225255
169 225000
170 237000
171 001031
172 001032
173 008024
174 033210
175 033211
176 101005
177 225255
178 225000
179 237000
180 001031
181 001032

ECMWF Technical Notes 57

BUFR User’s Guide

182 008024
183 033210
184 033211
185 101005
186 225255
187 225000
188 237000
189 001031
190 001032
191 008024
192 033210
193 033211
194 101005
195 225255
196 225000
197 237000
198 001031
199 001032
200 008024
201 033210
202 033211
203 101005
204 225255
205 225000
206 237000
207 001031
208 001032
209 008024
210 033210
211 033211
212 101005
213 225255

177 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
178 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
179 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
180 FIRST ORDER STA 0.3500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008023
181 PRESSURE MISSING PA
182 U-COMPONENT 0.3300000000E+01 M/S
183 V-COMPONENT 0.3300000000E+01 M/S
184 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
185 TEMPERATURE/DRY 0.1200000000E+01 K
186 FIRST ORDER STA 0.0000000000E+00
187 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
188 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
189 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
190 FIRST ORDER STA 0.3300000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008023
191 PRESSURE MISSING PA
192 U-COMPONENT 0.3300000000E+01 M/S
193 V-COMPONENT 0.3300000000E+01 M/S
194 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
195 TEMPERATURE/DRY 0.1200000000E+01 K
196 FIRST ORDER STA 0.0000000000E+00
197 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
198 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
199 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
200 FIRST ORDER STA 0.3400000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008023
201 PRESSURE MISSING PA
202 U-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
203 V-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
204 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
205 TEMPERATURE/DRY MISSING K
206 FIRST ORDER STA 0.0000000000E+00
207 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
208 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
209 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
210 FIRST ORDER STA 0.3600000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008023
211 PRESSURE MISSING PA
212 U-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
213 V-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
214 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
215 TEMPERATURE/DRY MISSING K
216 FIRST ORDER STA 0.0000000000E+00
217 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
218 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
219 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
220 FIRST ORDER STA 0.3200000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008023
221 PRESSURE MISSING PA
222 U-COMPONENT 0.2000000000E+01 M/S
223 V-COMPONENT 0.2000000000E+01 M/S
224 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
225 TEMPERATURE/DRY 0.5000000000E+00 K
226 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.0000000000E+00
227 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
228 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
229 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
230 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.3200000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008024
231 PRESSURE MISSING PA
232 U-COMPONENT -0.1400000000E+01 M/S
233 V-COMPONENT -0.1000000000E+00 M/S
234 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
235 TEMPERATURE/DRY 0.1000000000E+00 K
236 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.0000000000E+00
237 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
238 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
239 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
240 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.3300000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008024
241 INCREMENTAL VAR 0.1000000000E+01 NUMERIC
242 MINIMISATION SI 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
243 PRESSURE MISSING PA
244 U-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
245 V-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
246 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
247 TEMPERATURE/DRY MISSING K
248 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.0000000000E+00
249 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
250 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
251 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
252 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.3300000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008024
253 INCREMENTAL VAR 0.1000000000E+01 NUMERIC
254 MINIMISATION SI 0.1001000000E+04 NUMERIC
255 PRESSURE MISSING PA
256 U-COMPONENT -0.1400000000E+01 M/S
257 V-COMPONENT -0.1000000000E+00 M/S
258 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
259 TEMPERATURE/DRY 0.1000000000E+00 K
260 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.0000000000E+00
261 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
262 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
263 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
264 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.3300000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008024
265 INCREMENTAL VAR 0.1000000000E+01 NUMERIC
266 MINIMISATION SI 0.1002000000E+04 NUMERIC
267 PRESSURE MISSING PA
268 U-COMPONENT MISSING M/S

64 ECMWF Technical Notes

4.1 Quality control example

269 V-COMPONENT MISSING M/S

270 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
271 TEMPERATURE/DRY MISSING K
272 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.0000000000E+00
273 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
274 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
275 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
276 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.3300000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008024
277 INCREMENTAL VAR 0.1000000000E+01 NUMERIC
278 MINIMISATION SI 0.9990000000E+03 NUMERIC
279 PRESSURE MISSING PA
280 U-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
281 V-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
282 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
283 TEMPERATURE/DRY MISSING K
284 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.0000000000E+00
285 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
286 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
287 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
288 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.3300000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008024
289 INCREMENTAL VAR 0.2000000000E+01 NUMERIC
290 MINIMISATION SI 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
291 PRESSURE MISSING PA
292 U-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
293 V-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
294 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
295 TEMPERATURE/DRY MISSING K
296 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.0000000000E+00
297 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
298 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
299 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
300 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.3300000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008024
301 INCREMENTAL VAR 0.2000000000E+01 NUMERIC
302 MINIMISATION SI 0.1001000000E+04 NUMERIC
303 PRESSURE MISSING PA
304 U-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
305 V-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
306 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
307 TEMPERATURE/DRY MISSING K
308 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.0000000000E+00
309 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
310 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
311 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
312 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.3300000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008024
313 INCREMENTAL VAR 0.2000000000E+01 NUMERIC
314 MINIMISATION SI 0.1002000000E+04 NUMERIC
315 PRESSURE MISSING PA
316 U-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
317 V-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
318 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
319 TEMPERATURE/DRY MISSING K
320 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.0000000000E+00
321 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
322 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
323 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
324 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.3300000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008024
325 INCREMENTAL VAR 0.2000000000E+01 NUMERIC
326 MINIMISATION SI 0.9990000000E+03 NUMERIC
327 PRESSURE MISSING PA
328 U-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
329 V-COMPONENT MISSING M/S
330 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
331 TEMPERATURE/DRY MISSING K
332 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.0000000000E+00
333 USE PREVIOUSLY 0.0000000000E+00
334 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
335 GENERATING APPL 0.6500000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001032
336 DIFFERENCE STAT 0.3300000000E+02 CODE TABLE 008024
337 INCREMENTAL VAR 0.9000000000E+01 NUMERIC
338 MINIMISATION SI 0.9990000000E+03 NUMERIC
339 PRESSURE MISSING PA
340 U-COMPONENT -0.1400000000E+01 M/S
341 V-COMPONENT -0.4000000000E+00 M/S
342 HEIGHT(HIGH ACC MISSING M
343 TEMPERATURE/DRY 0.0000000000E+00 K

ECMWF Technical Notes 65

BUFR User’s Guide

5 Examples

5.1 To unpack and print data

This program is an interactive version to expand Bufr data. It can decode and encode unpacked data as a single
or multi-subset Bufr messages. It calls BUBOX and BUPRTBOX routines to resolve the bit map.
The outputs of the expanded AIREP data using Bufr print routines and BUPRTBOX are attached.

PROGRAM BUFR
C
C**** *BUFR*
C
C
C PURPOSE.
C --------
C EXAMPLE OF USING BUFR UNPACKING/PACKING SOFTWARE.
C
C
C** INTERFACE.
C ----------
C
C NONE.
C
C METHOD.
C -------
C
C NONE.
C
C
C EXTERNALS.
C ----------
C
C CALL BUSEL2
C CALL BUFREX
C CALL BUFREN
C CALL BUPRS0
C CALL BUPRS1
C CALL BUPRS2
C CALL BUPRS3
C CALL BUPRT
C CALL BUUKEY
C
C REFERENCE.
C ----------
C
C NONE.
C
C AUTHOR.
C -------
C
C M. DRAGOSAVAC *ECMWF* 15/09/87.
C
C
C MODIFICATIONS.
C --------------
C
C NONE.
C
C
IMPLICIT LOGICAL(L,O,G), CHARACTER*8(C,H,Y)
C
PARAMETER(JSUP = 9,JSEC0= 3,JSEC1= 40,JSEC2=4096,JSEC3= 4,
1 JSEC4=2,JELEM=320000,JSUBS=400,JCVAL=150 ,JBUFL=512000,
2 JBPW = 32,JTAB =3000,JCTAB=3000,JCTST=3000,JCTEXT=6000,
3 JWORK=4096000,JKEY=46, JTMAX=10,JTCLAS=64,JTEL=255)
C
PARAMETER (KELEM=80000)
PARAMETER (KVALS=4096000)
C
DIMENSION KBUFF(JBUFL)
DIMENSION KBUFR(JBUFL)
DIMENSION KSUP(JSUP) ,KSEC0(JSEC0),KSEC1(JSEC1)
DIMENSION KSEC2(JSEC2),KSEC3(JSEC3),KSEC4(JSEC4)
DIMENSION KEY (JKEY),KREQ(2)
DIMENSION NREQUEST(2)
C
REAL*8 VALUES(KVALS),VALUE(KVALS)
DIMENSION KTDLST(JELEM),KTDEXP(JELEM),KRQ(KELEM)
REAL*8 RQV(KELEM)
DIMENSION KDATA(200),KBOXR(JELEM*4)
REAL*8 VALS(KVALS)
C
CHARACTER*256 CF,COUT,CARG(4)

66 ECMWF Technical Notes

5.1 To unpack and print data

CHARACTER*64 CNAMES(KELEM),CBOXN(JELEM*4)
CHARACTER*24 CUNITS(KELEM),CBOXU(JELEM*4)
CHARACTER*80 CVALS(kelem)
CHARACTER*80 CVAL(kelem)
CHARACTER*80 YENC
REAL*8 RVIND
REAL*8 EPS
C
EXTERNAL GETARG
C
C ------------------------------------------------------------------
C* 1. INITIALIZE CONSTANTS AND VARIABLES.
C -----------------------------------
100 CONTINUE
C
C MISSING VALUE INDICATOR
C
NBYTPW=JBPW/8
RVIND=1.7D38
NVIND=21474834096647
IOBS=0
EPS=10.D-8
NPACK=0
IYEAR=NVIND
N=0
NCOM=0
OO=.FALSE.
C
C
C
C GET INPUT AND OUTPUT FILE NAME.
C
NARG=IARGC()
C
C
DO 104 J=1,NARG
CALL GETARG(J,CARG(J))
104 CONTINUE

II=0
IO=0
DO 105 J=1,NARG
IF(CARG(J).EQ.’-i’) THEN
IN=J
ELSEIF(CARG(J).EQ.’-o’) THEN
IO=J
END IF
105 CONTINUE
IF(IN.EQ.0) THEN
PRINT*,’USAGE -- decode_bufr -i infile’
STOP
END IF
IF(IO.EQ.0.and.IN.EQ.0) THEN
PRINT*,’USAGE -- decode_bufr -i infile -o outfile’
STOP
END IF

C
IF(IO.NE.0) COUT=CARG(IO+1)
C
IF(IO.LT.IN) THEN
IST=IN+1
IEND=NARG
ELSE
IST=IN+1
IEND=IO-1
END IF
C
C
IF(IO.NE.0) THEN
JJ=INDEX(COUT,’ ’)
JJ=JJ-1
CALL PBOPEN(IUNIT1,COUT(1:JJ),’W’,IRET)
IF(IRET.EQ.-1) STOP ’OPEN FAILED ON BUFR.DAT’
IF(IRET.EQ.-2) STOP ’INVALID FILE NAME’
IF(IRET.EQ.-3) STOP ’INVALID OPEN MODE SPECIFIED’
END IF
C
DO 101 II=IST,IEND

CF=CARG(II)
ILN=INDEX(CF,’ ’)
ILN=ILN-1

KRQL=0
NR=0
KREQ(1)=0
KREQ(2)=0
DO 103 I=1,KELEM
RQV(I)=RVIND
KRQ(I)=NVIND
103 CONTINUE
C

ECMWF Technical Notes 67

BUFR User’s Guide

C* 1.2 OPEN FILE CONTAINING BUFR DATA.

C -------------------------------
120 CONTINUE
C
IRET=0
CALL PBOPEN(IUNIT,CF(1:ILN),’R’,IRET)
IF(IRET.EQ.-1) STOP ’OPEN FAILED’
IF(IRET.EQ.-2) STOP ’INVALID FILE NAME’
IF(IRET.EQ.-3) STOP ’INVALID OPEN MODE SPECIFIED’
C
IF(IO.NE.0) THEN
CALL PBOPEN(IUNIT1,COUT(1:JJ),’W’,IRET)
IF(IRET.EQ.-1) STOP ’OPEN FAILED ON BUFR.DAT’
IF(IRET.EQ.-2) STOP ’INVALID FILE NAME’
IF(IRET.EQ.-3) STOP ’INVALID OPEN MODE SPECIFIED’
END IF
C

C
C
C -----------------------------------------------------------------
C* 2. SET REQUEST FOR EXPANSION.
C --------------------------
200 CONTINUE
C
OPRT=.FALSE.
OENC=.FALSE.
WRITE(*,’(A,$)’) ’ DO YOU WANT TO PRINT( Y/N ) : ’
READ (*,’(A)’) YENC
IF(YENC(1:1).EQ.’Y’.OR.YENC(1:1).EQ.’y’) THEN
OPRT=.TRUE.
END IF
ICODE=0
WRITE(*,’(A,$)’) ’ CODE TABLES TO BE PRINTED ( Y/N ) : ’
READ (*,’(A)’) YCODC
IF(YCODC(1:1).EQ.’Y’.OR.YCODC(1:1).EQ.’y’) THEN
ICODE=1
END IF
WRITE(*,’(A,$)’) ’ DO YOU WANT ENCODING( Y/N ) : ’
READ (*,’(A)’) YENC
IF(YENC(1:1).EQ.’Y’.OR.YENC(1:1).EQ.’y’) THEN
OENC=.TRUE.
WRITE(*,’(A,$)’) ’ NUMBER OF SUBSETS TO PACK : ’
READ(*,’(BN,I4)’) NCOM
OCOMP=.FALSE.
WRITE(*,’(A,$)’) ’ DO YOU WANT COMPRESSION( Y/N ) : ’
READ (*,’(A)’) YCOMP
IF(YCOMP(1:1).EQ.’Y’.OR.YCOMP(1:1).EQ.’y’) OCOMP=.TRUE.
END IF
WRITE(*,’(A,$)’) ’ RECORD NUMBER TO START FROM : ’
READ(*,’(BN,I6)’) NR
C
201 CONTINUE
C
WRITE(*,’(A,$)’) ’ REQUESTED ELEMENT : ’
READ(*,’(BN,I6)’) IEL
WRITE(*,’(A,$)’) ’ REQUESTED VALUE : ’
READ(*,’(BN,F12.2)’) VAL
IF(IEL.EQ.0) THEN
KRQL=J
ELSE
J=J+1
KRQ(J)=IEL
RQV(J)=VAL
IF(VAL.EQ.0.) RQV(J)=RVIND
GO TO 201
END IF
C
WRITE(*,’(A,$)’) ’ REQUESTED FLAG 1 : ’
READ(*,’(BN,I6)’) KREQ(1)
C
WRITE(*,’(A,$)’) ’ REQUESTED FLAG 2 : ’
READ(*,’(BN,I6)’) KREQ(2)
C
WRITE(*,’(A,$)’) ’ DO YOU WANT TO PRINT SECTION 0-3( Y/N ) : ’
READ (*,’(A,$)’) YENC
OSEC3=.FALSE.
IF(YENC(1:1).EQ.’Y’.OR.YENC(1:1).EQ.’y’) OSEC3=.TRUE.
C
C* 2.1 SET REQUEST FOR PARTIAL EXPANSION.
C ----------------------------------
210 CONTINUE
C
c IERR=0
CALL BUSRQ(KREQ,KRQL,KRQ,RQV,IERR)
C
C SET VARIABLE TO PACK BIG VALUES AS MISSING VALUE INDICATOR
C
KPMISS=1
KPRUS=0
KOKEY=0
CALL BUPRQ(KPMISS,KPRUS,KOKEY)
C

68 ECMWF Technical Notes

5.1 To unpack and print data

C -----------------------------------------------------------------
IF(NCOM.NE.0) THEN
KEL1=KVALS/NCOM
IF(KEL1.GT.KELEM) KEL1=KELEM
END IF
C
C* 3. READ BUFR MESSAGE.
C ------------------
300 CONTINUE
C
IERR=0
KBUFL=0
C
CALL PBBUFR(IUNIT,KBUFF,JBYTE*4,KBUFL,IERR)
IF(IERR.EQ.-1) THEN
IF(NPACK.NE.0) GO TO 600
PRINT*,’NUMBER OF SUBSETS ’,IOBS
PRINT*,’NUMBER OF MESSAGES ’,N
STOP ’EOF’
END IF
IF(IERR.EQ.-2) STOP ’FILE HANDLING PROBLEM’
IF(IERR.EQ.-3) STOP ’ARRAY TOO SMALL FOR PRODUCT’
C
N=N+1
PRINT*,’----------------------------------’,N,’ ’,KBUFL
KBUFL=KBUFL/NBYTPW+1
IF(N.LT.NR) GO TO 300
C
C -----------------------------------------------------------------
C* 4. EXPAND BUFR MESSAGE.
C --------------------
400 CONTINUE
C
CALL BUS0123( KBUFL,KBUFF,KSUP,KSEC0,KSEC1,KSEC2,KSEC3,IERR)
IF(IERR.NE.0) THEN
PRINT*,’ERROR IN BUS012: ’,IERR
PRINT*,’ BUFR MESSAGE NUMBER ’,N,’ CORRUPTED.’
IERR=0
GO TO 300
END IF
C
KEL=KVALS/KSEC3(3)
IF(KEL.GT.KELEM) KEL=KELEM
C
CALL BUFREX(KBUFL,KBUFF,KSUP,KSEC0 ,KSEC1,KSEC2 ,KSEC3 ,KSEC4,
1 KEL,CNAMES,CUNITS,KVALS,VALUES,CVALS,IERR)
C
IF(IERR.NE.0) THEN
CALL EXIT(2)
END IF
C
C
IOBS=IOBS+KSEC3(3)
C
C
ISUBSET=1
CALL BUSEL2(ISUBSET,KEL,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,
1 CUNITS,IERR)
C IF(IERR.NE.0) CALL EXIT(2)
C
C
c DO 401 IK=1,KSEC3(3)
c
c CALL BUSEL2(IK,KEL,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,
c 1 CUNITS,IERR)
c KSEP(5)=KTDEXL
c CALL BUBOX(IK,KSUP,KEL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,CUNITS,KVALS,VALUES,
c 1 KBOX,KAPP,KLEN,KBOXR,VALS,CBOXN,CBOXU,IERR)
C
c 401 CONTINUE
C
C
C* 4.1 PRINT CONTENT OF EXPANDED DATA.
C -------------------------------
410 CONTINUE
C
IF(.NOT.OPRT) GO TO 500
IF(.NOT.OSEC3) GO TO 450
C
C* 4.2 PRINT SECTION ZERO OF BUFR MESSAGE.
C -----------------------------------
420 CONTINUE
C

CALL BUPRS0(KSEC0)
C
C* 4.3 PRINT SECTION ONE OF BUFR MESSAGE.
C -----------------------------------
430 CONTINUE
C
CALL BUPRS1(KSEC1)
C
C

ECMWF Technical Notes 69

BUFR User’s Guide

C* 4.4 PRINT SECTION TWO OF BUFR MESSAGE.

C -----------------------------------
440 CONTINUE
C
C AT ECMWF SECTION 2 CONTAINS RDB KEY.
C SO UNPACK KEY
C
CALL BUUKEY(KSEC1,KSEC2,KEY,KSUP,IERR)
C
C PRINT KEY
C
CALL BUPRS2(KSUP ,KEY)
C
C* 4.5 PRINT SECTION 3 OF BUFR MESSAGE.
C -----------------------------------
450 CONTINUE
C
C FIRST GET DATA DESCRIPTORS
C
C Multi subset uncompressed data descriptors for the 1st subset
C Each subset can contain completly different list of expanded
C discriptors
C
ISUBSET=1
CALL BUSEL2(ISUBSET,KEL,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,
1 CUNITS,IERR)
IF(IERR.NE.0) CALL EXIT(2)
C
C PRINT CONTENT
C
IF(OSEC3) THEN
CALL BUPRS3(KSEC3,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,KEL,CNAMES)
END IF
C
C* 4.6 PRINT SECTION 4 (DATA).
C -----------------------
460 CONTINUE
C
C IN THE CASE OF MANY SUBSETS DEFINE RANGE OF SUBSETS
C
IF(.NOT.OO) THEN
WRITE(*,’(A,$)’) ’ STARTING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : ’
READ(*,’(BN,I4)’) IST
WRITE(*,’(A,$)’) ’ ENDING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : ’
READ(*,’(BN,I4)’) IEND
OO=.FALSE.
END IF
C
C PRINT DATA
C
ICODE=0

C IF(KSEC1(6).EQ.11) THEN
C
C IST=1
C IEND=KSEC3(3)
C
CALL BUPRT(ICODE,IST,IEND,KEL,CNAMES,CUNITS,CVALS,
1 KVALS,VALUES,KSUP,KSEC1,IERR)
C ELSE
C
C RESOLVE BIT MAPS FOR EACH SUBSET
C
C ist=1
C iend=ksec3(3)
C
C IF(IEND.GT.KSEC3(3)) IEND=KSEC3(3)
C
C DO 461 IK=IST,IEND
C
C CALL BUSEL2(IK,KEL,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,
C 1 CUNITS,IERR)
C
C KSUP(5)=KTDEXL
C CALL BUBOX(IK,KSUP,KEL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,CUNITS,KVALS,VALUES,
C 1 KBOX,KAPP,KLEN,KBOXR,VALS,CBOXN,CBOXU,IERR)
C IF(IERR.NE.0) CALL EXIT(2)
C
C CALL BUPRTBOX(KBOX,KAPP,KLEN,KBOXR,VALS,CBOXN,CBOXU)
C
C461 CONTINUE
C END IF
C
C -----------------------------------------------------------------
C* 5. COLLECT DATA FOR REPACKING.
C ---------------------------
500 CONTINUE
C
C
IF(.NOT.OENC) GO TO 300
C
ISUBS=KSEC3(3)
DO J=1,ISUBS

70 ECMWF Technical Notes

5.1 To unpack and print data

C
NPACK=NPACK+1
C
C FIRST GET DATA DESCRIPTORS
C
CALL BUSEL2(J,KEL,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,
1 CUNITS,IERR)
IF(IERR.NE.0) CALL EXIT(2)
C
DO I=1,KTDEXL
IO=I+(NPACK-1)*KEL1
IN=I+(J-1)*KEL
C
IF(CUNITS(I).EQ.’CCITTIA5’) THEN
IPOS =VALUES(IN)/1000.
ICH=NINT(VALUES(IN)-IPOS*1000)
KKK=KKK+1
VALUE(IO)=KKK*1000+ICH
CVAL(KKK)=CVALS(IPOS)
ELSE
VALUE(IO)=VALUES(IN)
END IF
IF(KTDEXP(I).EQ.31001.OR.KTDEXP(I).EQ.31002) THEN
KK=KK+1
KDATA(KK)=NINT(VALUE(IO))
END IF
IF(KTDEXP(I).EQ.004001) THEN
IF(IYEAR.EQ.NVIND) THEN
IYEAR=NINT(VALUE(IO))
END IF
END IF

END DO
C
KDLEN=KK
IF(NPACK.EQ.NCOM) THEN

KSEC3(3)=NPACK
KSEC1(5)=0
KSEC1(8)=1
KSEC1(15)=12
IF(KSEC0(3).LT.4) THEN
KSEC1(17)=255
KSEC1(18)=0
END IF
KSEC0(3)=4 ! EDITION 4 OF BUFR MESSAGE
IF(KSEC0(3).GE.4) KSEC1(1)=22
KSEC3(4)=0 ! NO COMPRESSION
IF(KSEC1(9).LT.101) THEN
KSEC1(9)=IYEAR
END IF
IF(OCOMP) KSEC3(4)=64 ! COMPRESSION
KBUFL=JBUFL
CALL BUFREN( KSEC0,KSEC1,KSEC2,KSEC3,KSEC4,
1 KTDLEN,KTDLST,KDLEN,KDATA,KEL1,
2 KVALS,VALUE,CVAL,KBUFL,KBUFR,IERR)
IF(IERR.NE.0) THEN
PRINT*,’ERROR IS ’,IERR
PRINT*,’ERROR DURING ENCODING.’
CALL EXIT(2)
END IF
C
ILEN=KBUFL*NBYTPW
C
IERR=0
C
CALL PBWRITE(IUNIT1,KBUFR,ILEN,IERR)
IF(IERR.LT.0) THEN
PRINT*,’ERROR WRITING INTO TARGET FILE.’
CALL EXIT(2)
END IF
PRINT*,’RECORD WRITTEN INTO FILE ’
C
NPACK=0
KKK=0
KK=0
END IF
C
END DO
C
GO TO 300
C -----------------------------------------------------------------
C* 6. PACK BUFR MESSAGE BACK INTO BUFR.
C ---------------------------------
600 CONTINUE
C

KSEC3(3)=NPACK
KSEC1(8)=1
KSEC1(15)=12
KSEC0(3)=4 ! EDITION 4 OF BUFR MESSAGE
IF(KSEC0(3).GE.4) KSEC1(1)=22

ECMWF Technical Notes 71

BUFR User’s Guide

IF(KSEC0(3).LT.4) THEN
KSEC1(17)=255
KSEC1(18)=0
END IF

KSEC3(4)=0 ! NO COMPRESSION
IF(KSEC1(9).LT.101) THEN
KSEC1(9)=IYEAR
END IF

C
IF(OCOMP) KSEC3(4)=64 ! COMPRESSION
KBUFL=JBUFL
C
C
C* 6.2 ENCODE DATA INTO BUFR MESSAGE.
C ------------------------------
620 CONTINUE
C
CALL BUFREN( KSEC0,KSEC1,KSEC2,KSEC3,KSEC4,
1 KTDLEN,KTDLST,KDLEN,KDATA,KEL1,
2 KVALS,VALUE,CVAL,KBUFL,KBUFR,IERR)
IF(IERR.NE.0) THEN
PRINT*,’ERROR IS ’,IERR
PRINT*,’ERROR DURING ENCODING.’
CALL EXIT(2)
END IF
C
C 6.3 WRITE PACKED BUFR MESSAGE INTO FILE.
C ------------------------------------
630 CONTINUE
C
ILEN=KBUFL*NBYTPW
C
CALL PBWRITE(IUNIT1,KBUFR,ILEN,IERR)
IF(IERR.LT.0) THEN
PRINT*,’ERROR WRITING INTO TARGET FILE.’
CALL EXIT(2)
END IF
PRINT*,’RECORD WRITTEN INTO FILE ’
C
NPACK=0
KKK=0
C
GO TO 300
C -----------------------------------------------------------------
C
810 CONTINUE
C
WRITE(*,’(1H ,A)’) ’OPEN ERROR ON INPUT FILE’
GO TO 900
C
800 CONTINUE
C
IF(IRET.EQ.-1) THEN
PRINT*,’NUMBER OF RECORDS PROCESSED ’,N
PRINT*,’NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS ’,IOBS
ELSE
PRINT*,’ BUFR : ERROR= ’,IERR
END IF
C
900 CONTINUE
C
CALL PBCLOSE(IUNIT,IRET)
101 CONTINUE
CALL PBCLOSE(IUNIT1,IRET)
C
END

72 ECMWF Technical Notes

5.1 To unpack and print data

This is an example of the expanded AIREP data containing quality control information.

ECMWF

BUFR DECODING SOFTWARE VERSION - 7.1

07 June 2005.

Your path for bufr tables is :

/home/ma/maa/bigtmp/wmo_bufr_crex_000250/bufr_000270/bufrtables
BUFR TABLES TO BE LOADED B0000000000098006001,D0000000000098006001
1
BUFR SECTION 0

LENGTH OF SECTION 0 (BYTES) 8

TOTAL LENGTH OF BUFR MESSAGE (BYTES) 162
BUFR EDITION NUMBER 3
1
BUFR SECTION 1

LENGTH OF SECTION 1 (BYTES) 18

BUFR EDITION NUMBER 3
ORIGINATING SUB-CENTRE 0
ORIGINATING CENTRE 98
UPDATE SEQUENCE NUMBER 1
FLAG (PRESENCE OF SECTION 2) 128
BUFR MESSAGE TYPE 4
BUFR MESSAGE SUBTYPE 142
VERSION NUMBER OF LOCAL TABLE 1
YEAR 5
MONTH 5
DAY 9
HOUR 9
MINUTE 6
VERSION NUMBER OF MASTER TABLE 6
BUFR MASTER TABLE 0
1
BUFR SECTION 2

LENGTH OF SECTION 2 52

REPORT DATA BASE KEY

RDB DATA TYPE 7

RDB DATA SUBTYPE 142
YEAR 2005
MONTH 5
DAY 9
HOUR 9
MINUTE 6
SECOND 4
LATITUDE 1 23.50
LONGITUDE 1 -62.55
IDENTIFER DRD0872
TOTAL BUFR MESSAGE LENGTH 162
DAY (RDB INSERTION) 9
HOUR (RDB INSERTION) 9
MINUTE (RDB INSERTION) 28
SECOND (RDB INSERTION) 17
DAY (MDB ARRIVAL) 9
HOUR (MDB ARRIVAL) 9
MINUTE (MDB ARRIVAL) 24
SECOND (MDB ARRIVAL 8
CORRECTION NUMBER 0
PART OF MESSAGE 1
CORRECTION NUMBER 0
PART OF MESSAGE 0
CORRECTION NUMBER 0
PART OF MESSAGE 0
CORRECTION NUMBER 0
PART OF MESSAGE 0
QUALITY CONTROL % CONF 70
1
BUFR SECTION 3

LENGTH OF SECTION 3 (BYTES) 24

RESERVED 0
NUMBER OF DATA SUBSETS 1
FLAG (DATA TYPE/DATA COMPRESSION) 128

DATA DESCRIPTORS (UNEXPANDED)

1 311001
2 222000
3 101018
4 031031
5 001031

ECMWF Technical Notes 73

BUFR User’s Guide

6 001032
7 101018
8 033007

DATA DESCRIPTORS (EXPANDED)

1 001006 AIRCRAFT FLIGHT NUMBER

STARTING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : 1

ENDING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : 1

1 AIRCRAFT FLIGHT 0.1008000000E+04 CCITTIA5 DRD0872

2 AIRCRAFT NAVIGA MISSING CODE TABLE 002061
3 YEAR 0.2005000000E+04 YEAR
4 MONTH 0.5000000000E+01 MONTH
5 DAY 0.9000000000E+01 DAY
6 HOUR 0.9000000000E+01 HOUR
7 MINUTE 0.6000000000E+01 MINUTE
8 LATITUDE (HIGH 0.2350000000E+02 DEGREE
9 LONGITUDE (HIGH -0.6255000000E+02 DEGREE
10 PHASE OF AIRCRA MISSING CODE TABLE 008004
11 HEIGHT OR ALTIT 0.1219000000E+05 M
12 TEMPERATURE/DRY 0.2132000000E+03 K
13 WIND DIRECTION 0.2550000000E+03 DEGREE TRUE
14 WIND SPEED 0.4100000000E+02 M/S
15 DEGREE OF TURBU MISSING CODE TABLE 011031
16 HEIGHT OF BASE MISSING M
17 HEIGHT OF TOP O MISSING M
18 AIRFRAME ICING MISSING CODE TABLE 020041
19 QUALITY INFORMA 0.0000000000E+00
20 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
21 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
22 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
23 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
24 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
25 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC

74 ECMWF Technical Notes

5.1 To unpack and print data

26 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC

27 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
28 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
29 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
30 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
31 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
32 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
33 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
34 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
35 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
36 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
37 DATA PRESENT IN 0.0000000000E+00 NUMERIC
38 IDENTIFICATION 0.9800000000E+02 CODE TABLE 001031
39 GENERATING APPL 0.1000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 001032
40 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
41 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
42 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
43 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
44 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
45 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
46 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
47 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
48 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
49 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
50 % CONFIDENCE 0.7900000000E+02 NUMERIC
51 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
52 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
53 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
54 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
55 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
56 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC
57 % CONFIDENCE 0.7000000000E+02 NUMERIC

Output of the AIREP data after calling BUBOX and BUPRTBOX routines.

1 OPERATOR ************** 222000.0

2 GENERATING CENTRE( CODE TABLE 00 ************** 98.0
3 GENERATING APPLICATION (CODE TAB ************** 1.0
4 STATISTICS (008024/008023) ************** ********
5 INCREMENTAL UPDATE NUMBER ************** ********
6 MINIMISATION SIMULATION NUMBER ************** ********
7 AIRCRAFT FLIGHT NUMBER 1008.0 70.0
8 AIRCRAFT NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEM ************** 70.0
9 YEAR 2005.0 70.0
10 MONTH 5.0 70.0
11 DAY 9.0 70.0
12 HOUR 9.0 70.0
13 MINUTE 6.0 70.0
14 LATITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY) 23.5 70.0
15 LONGITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY) -62.5 70.0
16 PHASE OF AIRCRAFT FLIGHT ************** 70.0
17 HEIGHT OR ALTITUDE 12190.0 79.0
18 TEMPERATURE/DRY BULB TEMPERATURE 213.2 70.0
19 WIND DIRECTION 255.0 70.0
20 WIND SPEED 41.0 70.0
21 DEGREE OF TURBULENCE ************** 70.0
22 HEIGHT OF BASE OF TURBULENCE ************** 70.0
23 HEIGHT OF TOP OF TURBULENCE ************** 70.0
24 AIRFRAME ICING ************** 70.0

ECMWF Technical Notes 75

BUFR User’s Guide

An example of Bufr edition 4 data:

ECMWF

BUFR DECODING SOFTWARE VERSION - 7.1

07 January 2005.

Your path for bufr tables is :

/bigtmp/wmo_bufr_crex_000250/bufr_000270/bufrtables/
BUFR TABLES TO BE LOADED B0000000000098012001,D0000000000098012001
1
BUFR SECTION 0

LENGTH OF SECTION 0 (BYTES) 8

TOTAL LENGTH OF BUFR MESSAGE (BYTES) 332
BUFR EDITION NUMBER 4
1
BUFR SECTION 1

LENGTH OF SECTION 1 (BYTES) 22

BUFR MASTER TABLE 0
ORIGINATING CENTRE 98
ORIGINATING SUB-CENTRE 0
UPDATE SEQUENCE NUMBER 1
FLAG (PRESENCE OF SECTION 2) 0
DATA CATEGORY 0
DATA SUB-CATEGORY 0
LOCAL DATA SUB-CATEGORU 1
VERSION NUMBER OF MASTER TABLE 12
VERSION NUMBER OF LOCAL TABLE 1
YEAR 2005
MONTH 12
DAY 1
HOUR 12
MINUTE 0
SECOND 0

BUUKEY : KEY DEFINITION NOT KNOWN

PRTKEY : RDB KEY NOT DEFINED IN SECTION 2.

1
BUFR SECTION 3

LENGTH OF SECTION 3 (BYTES) 148

RESERVED 0
NUMBER OF DATA SUBSETS 1
FLAG (DATA TYPE/DATA COMPRESSION) 0

DATA DESCRIPTORS (UNEXPANDED)

1 301001
2 001011
3 001003
4 002001
5 301011
6 301012
7 301021
8 007030
9 007031
10 302001
11 007004
12 010009
13 007032
14 012101
15 012103
16 013003
17 007032
18 020001
19 007032
20 013023
21 007032
22 302004
23 101004
24 302005
25 105003
26 008002
27 020011
28 020012
29 020014
30 020017
31 020062
32 013013
33 012113
34 020003
35 004024
36 020004

76 ECMWF Technical Notes

5.1 To unpack and print data

37 020005
38 004024
39 002004
40 013033
41 004024
42 014031
43 004025
44 014002
45 014004
46 014016
47 014028
48 014029
49 014030
50 007032
51 102002
52 004024
53 013011
54 007032
55 101002
56 004024
57 012111
58 004024
59 012112
60 007032
61 002002
62 008021
63 004025
64 011001
65 011002
66 008021
67 103002
68 004025
69 011043
70 011041

DATA DESCRIPTORS (EXPANDED)

1 001001 WMO BLOCK NUMBER

2 001002 WMO STATION NUMBER
3 001011 SHIP OR MOBILE LAND STATION IDENTIFIER
4 001003 WMO REGION NUMBER/GEOGRAPHICAL AREA
5 002001 TYPE OF STATION
6 004001 YEAR
7 004002 MONTH
8 004003 DAY
9 004004 HOUR
10 004005 MINUTE
11 005001 LATITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY)
12 006001 LONGITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY)
13 007030 HEIGHT OF STATION GROUND ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL (SEE NOTE 3)
14 007031 HEIGHT OF BAROMETER ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL (SEE NOTE 4)
15 010004 PRESSURE
16 010051 PRESSURE REDUCED TO MEAN SEA LEVEL
17 010061 3-HOUR PRESSURE CHANGE
18 010063 CHARACTERISTIC OF PRESSURE TENDENCY
19 007004 PRESSURE
20 010009 GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT
21 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
22 012101 TEMPERATURE/DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE
23 012103 DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE
24 013003 RELATIVE HUMIDITY
25 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
26 020001 HORIZONTAL VISIBILITY
27 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
28 013023 TOTAL PRECIPITATION PAST 24 HOURS
29 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
30 020010 CLOUD COVER (TOTAL)
31 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
32 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
33 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD
34 020012 CLOUD TYPE
35 020012 CLOUD TYPE
36 020012 CLOUD TYPE
37 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
38 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
39 020012 CLOUD TYPE
40 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD
41 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
42 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
43 020012 CLOUD TYPE
44 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD
45 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
46 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
47 020012 CLOUD TYPE
48 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD
49 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
50 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
51 020012 CLOUD TYPE
52 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD
53 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
54 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
55 020012 CLOUD TYPE

ECMWF Technical Notes 77

BUFR User’s Guide

56 020014 HEIGHT OF TOP OF CLOUD

57 020017 CLOUD TOP DESCRIPTION
58 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
59 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
60 020012 CLOUD TYPE
61 020014 HEIGHT OF TOP OF CLOUD
62 020017 CLOUD TOP DESCRIPTION
63 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
64 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
65 020012 CLOUD TYPE
66 020014 HEIGHT OF TOP OF CLOUD
67 020017 CLOUD TOP DESCRIPTION
68 020062 STATE OF THE GROUND (WITH OR WITHOUT SNOW)
69 013013 TOTAL SNOW DEPTH
70 012113 GROUND MINIMUM TEMPERATURE, PAST 12 HOURS
71 020003 PRESENT WEATHER (SEE NOTE 1)
72 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
73 020004 PAST WEATHER (1) (SEE NOTE 2)
74 020005 PAST WEATHER (2) (SEE NOTE 2)
75 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
76 002004 TYPE OF INSTRUMENTATION FOR EVAPORATION MEASUREMENT OR TYPE OF C
77 013033 EVAPORATION/EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
78 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
79 014031 TOTAL SUNSHINE
80 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
81 014002 LONG-WAVE RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
82 014004 SHORT-WAVE RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
83 014016 NET RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
84 014028 GLOBAL SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACCURACY), INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD S
85 014029 DIFFUSE SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACCURACY), INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD
86 014030 DIRECT SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACCURACY), INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD S
87 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
88 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
89 013011 TOTAL PRECIPITATION/TOTAL WATER EQUIVALENT
90 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
91 013011 TOTAL PRECIPITATION/TOTAL WATER EQUIVALENT
92 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
93 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
94 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
95 012111 MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE, AT HEIGHT AND OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
96 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
97 012112 MINIMUM TEMPERATURE, AT HEIGHT AND OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
98 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
99 002002 TYPE OF INSTRUMENTATION FOR WIND MEASUREMENT
100 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE
101 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
102 011001 WIND DIRECTION
103 011002 WIND SPEED
104 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE
105 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
106 011043 MAXIMUM WIND GUST DIRECTION
107 011041 MAXIMUM WIND GUST SPEED
108 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
109 011043 MAXIMUM WIND GUST DIRECTION
110 011041 MAXIMUM WIND GUST SPEED

STARTING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : 1

ENDING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : 1

1 WMO BLOCK NUMBE 0.1300000000E+02 NUMERIC

2 WMO STATION NUM 0.2720000000E+03 NUMERIC
3 SHIP OR MOBILE 0.1009000000E+04 CCITTIA5 SURCIN
4 WMO REGION NUMB 0.6000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 1003
5 TYPE OF STATION 0.0000000000E+00 CODE TABLE 2001
6 YEAR 0.2005000000E+04 YEAR
7 MONTH 0.1200000000E+02 MONTH
8 DAY 0.1000000000E+01 DAY
9 HOUR 0.1200000000E+02 HOUR
10 MINUTE 0.0000000000E+00 MINUTE
11 LATITUDE (HIGH 0.4482000000E+02 DEGREE
12 LONGITUDE (HIGH 0.2028000000E+02 DEGREE
13 HEIGHT OF STATI 0.9600000000E+02 M
14 HEIGHT OF BAROM 0.9900000000E+02 M
15 PRESSURE 0.1010000000E+04 PA
16 PRESSURE REDUCE 0.1030000000E+04 PA
17 3-HOUR PRESSURE -0.1900000000E+03 PA
18 CHARACTERISTIC 0.7000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 10063
19 PRESSURE MISSING PA
20 GEOPOTENTIAL HE MISSING GPM
21 HEIGHT OF SENSO 0.2000000000E+01 M
22 TEMPERATURE/DRY 0.2926000000E+03 K
23 DEW-POINT TEMPE 0.2880000000E+03 K
24 RELATIVE HUMIDI MISSING %
25 HEIGHT OF SENSO 0.1000000000E+01 M
26 HORIZONTAL VISI 0.2000000000E+05 M
27 HEIGHT OF SENSO 0.3000000000E+00 M
28 TOTAL PRECIPITA MISSING KG/M**2
29 HEIGHT OF SENSO MISSING M
30 CLOUD COVER (TO 0.4000000000E+02 %
31 VERTICAL SIGNIF 0.1000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 8002
32 CLOUD AMOUNT 0.0000000000E+00 CODE TABLE 20011
33 HEIGHT OF BASE 0.8000000000E+04 M
34 CLOUD TYPE 0.3000000000E+02 CODE TABLE 20012

78 ECMWF Technical Notes

5.1 To unpack and print data

35 CLOUD TYPE 0.2000000000E+02 CODE TABLE 20012

36 CLOUD TYPE 0.1100000000E+02 CODE TABLE 20012
37 VERTICAL SIGNIF MISSING CODE TABLE 8002
38 CLOUD AMOUNT MISSING CODE TABLE 20011
39 CLOUD TYPE MISSING CODE TABLE 20012
40 HEIGHT OF BASE MISSING M
41 VERTICAL SIGNIF MISSING CODE TABLE 8002
42 CLOUD AMOUNT MISSING CODE TABLE 20011
43 CLOUD TYPE MISSING CODE TABLE 20012
44 HEIGHT OF BASE MISSING M
45 VERTICAL SIGNIF MISSING CODE TABLE 8002
46 CLOUD AMOUNT MISSING CODE TABLE 20011
47 CLOUD TYPE MISSING CODE TABLE 20012
48 HEIGHT OF BASE MISSING M
49 VERTICAL SIGNIF MISSING CODE TABLE 8002
50 CLOUD AMOUNT MISSING CODE TABLE 20011
51 CLOUD TYPE MISSING CODE TABLE 20012
52 HEIGHT OF BASE MISSING M
53 VERTICAL SIGNIF MISSING CODE TABLE 8002
54 CLOUD AMOUNT MISSING CODE TABLE 20011
55 CLOUD TYPE MISSING CODE TABLE 20012
56 HEIGHT OF TOP O MISSING M
57 CLOUD TOP DESCR MISSING CODE TABLE 20017
58 VERTICAL SIGNIF MISSING CODE TABLE 8002
59 CLOUD AMOUNT MISSING CODE TABLE 20011
60 CLOUD TYPE MISSING CODE TABLE 20012
61 HEIGHT OF TOP O MISSING M
62 CLOUD TOP DESCR MISSING CODE TABLE 20017
63 VERTICAL SIGNIF MISSING CODE TABLE 8002
64 CLOUD AMOUNT MISSING CODE TABLE 20011
65 CLOUD TYPE MISSING CODE TABLE 20012
66 HEIGHT OF TOP O MISSING M
67 CLOUD TOP DESCR MISSING CODE TABLE 20017
68 STATE OF THE GR MISSING CODE TABLE 20062
69 TOTAL SNOW DEPT MISSING M
70 GROUND MINIMUM MISSING K
71 PRESENT WEATHER 0.2000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 20003
72 TIME PERIOD OR 0.2400000000E+02 HOUR
73 PAST WEATHER (1 0.1000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 20004
74 PAST WEATHER (2 0.1000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 20005
75 TIME PERIOD OR MISSING HOUR
76 TYPE OF INSTRUM MISSING CODE TABLE 2004
77 EVAPORATION/EVA MISSING KG/M**2
78 TIME PERIOD OR MISSING HOUR
79 TOTAL SUNSHINE MISSING MINUTE
80 TIME PERIOD OR MISSING MINUTE
81 LONG-WAVE RADIA MISSING J/M**2
82 SHORT-WAVE RADI MISSING J/M**2
83 NET RADIATION, MISSING J/M**2
84 GLOBAL SOLAR RA MISSING J/M**2
85 DIFFUSE SOLAR R MISSING J/M**2
86 DIRECT SOLAR RA MISSING J/M**2
87 HEIGHT OF SENSO 0.0000000000E+00 M
88 TIME PERIOD OR -0.6000000000E+01 HOUR
89 TOTAL PRECIPITA 0.2000000000E+01 KG/M**2
90 TIME PERIOD OR MISSING HOUR
91 TOTAL PRECIPITA MISSING KG/M**2
92 HEIGHT OF SENSO MISSING M
93 TIME PERIOD OR -0.2400000000E+02 HOUR
94 TIME PERIOD OR 0.0000000000E+00 HOUR
95 MAXIMUM TEMPERA 0.2752200000E+03 K
96 TIME PERIOD OR -0.6000000000E+01 HOUR
97 MINIMUM TEMPERA 0.2687000000E+03 K
98 HEIGHT OF SENSO 0.1000000000E+02 M
99 TYPE OF INSTRUM 0.1000000000E+01 FLAG TABLE 2002
100 TIME SIGNIFICAN 0.2000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 8021
101 TIME PERIOD OR -0.1000000000E+02 MINUTE
102 WIND DIRECTION 0.1000000000E+03 DEGREE TRUE
103 WIND SPEED 0.1000000000E+01 M/S
104 TIME SIGNIFICAN MISSING CODE TABLE 8021
105 TIME PERIOD OR MISSING MINUTE
106 MAXIMUM WIND GU MISSING DEGREE TRUE
107 MAXIMUM WIND GU MISSING M/S
108 TIME PERIOD OR MISSING MINUTE
109 MAXIMUM WIND GU MISSING DEGREE TRUE
110 MAXIMUM WIND GU MISSING M/S

ECMWF Technical Notes 79

BUFR User’s Guide

5.2 To expand data descriptors only

PROGRAM TDEXP
C
C**** *TDEXP*
C
C
C PURPOSE.
C --------
C Expands list of Bufr data descriptors.
C
C
C** INTERFACE.
C ----------
C
C NONE.
C
C METHOD.
C -------
C
C NONE.
C
C
C EXTERNALS.
C ----------
C
C CALL BUSEL
C CALL BUFREX
C CALL BUFREN
C CALL BUPRS0
C CALL BUPRS1
C CALL BUPRS2
C CALL BUPRS3
C CALL BUPRT
C CALL BUUKEY
C
C REFERENCE.
C ----------
C
C NONE.
C
C AUTHOR.
C -------
C
C M. DRAGOSAVAC *ECMWF* June 2005.
C
C
C MODIFICATIONS.
C --------------
C
C NONE.
C
C
IMPLICIT LOGICAL(L,O,G), CHARACTER*8(C,H,Y)
C
PARAMETER(JSEC1=40,JSEC3=4)
PARAMETER (KDLEN=200,KELEM=40000,KVALS=360000)
C
DIMENSION KSEC1(JSEC1) ! ,KSEC3(JSEC3)
C
DIMENSION KTDLST(KELEM),KTDEXP(KELEM)
DIMENSION KDATA(KDLEN)
C
CHARACTER*64 CNAMES(KELEM)
CHARACTER*24 CUNITS(KELEM)
C
C
C ------------------------------------------------------------------
C* 1. INITIALIZE CONSTANTS AND VARIABLES.
C -----------------------------------
100 CONTINUE
C
C
RVIND=1.7D38
C
C INITIALIZE DELAYED REPLICATION FACTORS OR REFERENCE VALUES ETD.
C
C
KDATA(1)=2
KDATA(2)=14
KDATA(3)=2
KDATA(4)=2
C
C SET DATA DECSRIPTORS
C
KTDLST( 1)=301001
KTDLST( 2)=301011
KTDLST( 3)=301012
KTDLST( 4)=301021
KTDLST( 5)=107000

80 ECMWF Technical Notes

5.2 To expand data descriptors only

KTDLST( 6)=031001
KTDLST( 7)=007004
KTDLST( 8)=008001
KTDLST( 9)=010003
KTDLST( 10)=012001
KTDLST( 11)=012003
KTDLST( 12)=011003
KTDLST( 13)=011004
KTDLST( 14)=224000
KTDLST( 15)=236000
KTDLST( 16)=101000
KTDLST( 17)=031001
KTDLST( 18)=031031
KTDLST( 19)=001031
KTDLST( 20)=001032
KTDLST( 21)=008023
KTDLST( 22)=105000
KTDLST( 23)=031001
KTDLST( 24)=204002
KTDLST( 25)=031021
KTDLST( 26)=204002
KTDLST( 27)=031021
KTDLST( 28)=224255
KTDLST( 29)=204000
KTDLST( 30)=225000
KTDLST( 31)=237000
KTDLST( 32)=001031
KTDLST( 33)=001032
KTDLST( 34)=008024
KTDLST( 35)=101000
KTDLST( 36)=031001
KTDLST( 37)=225255
C
KTDLEN=37
C
C SET DATA DECSRIPTORS
C
C SECTION 1 CONTENT
C
KSEC1(2)=4 ! BUFR EDITION NUMBER
KSEC1(14)=0 ! BUFR MASTER TABLE USED
ksec1(16)=0 ! ORIGINATING SUB-CENTRE
KSEC1(3)=98 ! ORIGINATING CENTRE
KSEC1(8)=1 ! VERSION NUMBER OF LOCAL TABLE USED
KSEC1(15)=12 ! VERSION NUMBER OF MASTER TABLE USED
C
C SECTION 3 CONTENT
C
C
K=1
CALL BUXDES(K,KSEC1,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KDLEN,KDATA,KELEM,
1 KTDEXL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,CUNITS,KERR)
C
END

The output of the expanded data using BUXDES routine is given below.

ECMWF

BUFR ENCODING SOFTWARE VERSION - 7.1

07 June 2005.

Your path for bufr tables is :

/home/ma/maa/bigtmp/wmo_bufr_crex_000250/bufr_000270/bufrtables
BUFR TABLES TO BE LOADED B0000000000098012001,D0000000000098012001

DATA DESCRIPTORS (UNEXPANDED)

1 301001
2 301011
3 301012
4 301021
5 107000
6 031001
7 007004
8 008001
9 010003
10 012001
11 012003
12 011003
13 011004
14 224000
15 236000
16 101000

ECMWF Technical Notes 81

BUFR User’s Guide

17 031001
18 031031
19 001031
20 001032
21 008023
22 105000
23 031001
24 204002
25 031021
26 204002
27 031021
28 224255
29 204000
30 225000
31 237000
32 001031
33 001032
34 008024
35 101000
36 031001
37 225255

DATA DESCRIPTORS (EXPANDED)

ELEMENT NAME UNIT

1 001001 WMO BLOCK NUMBER NUMERIC

2 001002 WMO STATION NUMBER NUMERIC
3 004001 YEAR YEAR
4 004002 MONTH MONTH
5 004003 DAY DAY
6 004004 HOUR HOUR
7 004005 MINUTE MINUTE
8 005001 LATITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY) DEGREE
9 006001 LONGITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY) DEGREE
10 031001 DELAYED DESCRIPTOR REPLICATION FACTOR NUMERIC
11 007004 PRESSURE PA
12 008001 VERTICAL SOUNDING SIGNIFICANCE FLAG TABLE 8001
13 010003 GEOPOTENTIAL M**2/S**2
14 012001 TEMPERATURE/DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE K
15 012003 DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE K
16 011003 U-COMPONENT M/S
17 011004 V-COMPONENT M/S
18 007004 PRESSURE PA
19 008001 VERTICAL SOUNDING SIGNIFICANCE FLAG TABLE 8001
20 010003 GEOPOTENTIAL M**2/S**2
21 012001 TEMPERATURE/DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE K
22 012003 DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE K
23 011003 U-COMPONENT M/S
24 011004 V-COMPONENT M/S
25 224000 FIRST ORDER STATISTICS FOLLOW
26 236000 BACKWARD REFERENCE BIT MAP
27 031001 DELAYED DESCRIPTOR REPLICATION FACTOR NUMERIC
28 031031 DATA PRESENT INDICATOR NUMERIC
29 031031 DATA PRESENT INDICATOR NUMERIC
30 031031 DATA PRESENT INDICATOR NUMERIC
31 031031 DATA PRESENT INDICATOR NUMERIC
32 031031 DATA PRESENT INDICATOR NUMERIC
33 031031 DATA PRESENT INDICATOR NUMERIC
34 031031 DATA PRESENT INDICATOR NUMERIC
35 031031 DATA PRESENT INDICATOR NUMERIC
36 031031 DATA PRESENT INDICATOR NUMERIC
37 031031 DATA PRESENT INDICATOR NUMERIC
38 031031 DATA PRESENT INDICATOR NUMERIC
39 031031 DATA PRESENT INDICATOR NUMERIC
40 031031 DATA PRESENT INDICATOR NUMERIC
41 031031 DATA PRESENT INDICATOR NUMERIC
42 001031 IDENTIFICATION OF ORIGINATING/GENERATING CODE TABLE 1031
43 001032 GENERATING APPLICATION CODE TABLE 1032
44 008023 FIRST ORDER STATISTICS CODE TABLE 8023
45 031001 DELAYED DESCRIPTOR REPLICATION FACTOR NUMERIC
46 031021 ASSOCIATED FIELD SIGNIFICANCE CODE TABLE 31021
47 031021 ASSOCIATED FIELD SIGNIFICANCE CODE TABLE 31021
48 000000 ASSOCIATED FIELD
49 224255 FIRST ORDER STATISTICS VALUE MARKER
50 031021 ASSOCIATED FIELD SIGNIFICANCE CODE TABLE 31021
51 031021 ASSOCIATED FIELD SIGNIFICANCE CODE TABLE 31021
52 000000 ASSOCIATED FIELD
53 224255 FIRST ORDER STATISTICS VALUE MARKER
54 225000 DIFFERENCE STATISTICAL VALUES FOLLOW
55 237000 USE PREVIOUSLY DEFINED BIT MAP
56 999999 ASSOCIATED FIELD
57 001031 IDENTIFICATION OF ORIGINATING/GENERATING CODE TABLE 1031
58 999999 ASSOCIATED FIELD
59 001032 GENERATING APPLICATION CODE TABLE 1032
60 999999 ASSOCIATED FIELD
61 008024 DIFFERENCE STATISTICS CODE TABLE 8024
62 031001 DELAYED DESCRIPTOR REPLICATION FACTOR NUMERIC
63 000000 ASSOCIATED FIELD
64 225255 DIFFERENCE STATISTICS VALUE MARKER
65 000000 ASSOCIATED FIELD
66 225255 DIFFERENCE STATISTICS VALUE MARKER

82 ECMWF Technical Notes

5.3 To create bufr message

PROGRAM BUFR
C
C**** *BUFR*
C
C
C PURPOSE.
C --------
C An example of using Bufr packing/unpacking software.
C It will create synop data in bufr edition 4
C
C
C** INTERFACE.
C ----------
C
C NONE.
C
C METHOD.
C -------
C
C NONE.
C
C
C EXTERNALS.
C ----------
C
C
C REFERENCE.
C ----------
C
C NONE.
C
C AUTHOR.
C -------
C
C M. DRAGOSAVAC *ECMWF* 05/04/2005.
C
C
C MODIFICATIONS.
C --------------
C
C NONE.
C
C
IMPLICIT LOGICAL(O,G), CHARACTER*8(C,H,Y)
C
C
PARAMETER(JSUP = 9,JSEC0= 3,JSEC1= 40,JSEC2=4096,JSEC3= 4,
1 JSEC4=2,JELEM=320000,JSUBS=400,JCVAL=150 ,JBUFL=512000,
#ifdef JBPW_64
2 JBPW = 64,JTAB =3000,JCTAB=3000,JCTST=3000,JCTEXT=6000,
#else
2 JBPW = 32,JTAB =3000,JCTAB=3000,JCTST=3000,JCTEXT=6000,
#endif
3 JWORK=4096000,JKEY=46, JTMAX=10,JTCLAS=64,JTEL=255)
C
PARAMETER (KDLEN=200,KELEM=4000)
parameter (KVALS=4000,KVALS1=4000)
C
DIMENSION KBUFR(JBUFL)
DIMENSION KSUP(JSUP) ,KSEC0(JSEC0),KSEC1(JSEC1)
DIMENSION KSEC2(JSEC2),KSEC3(JSEC3),KSEC4(JSEC4)
DIMENSION KEY (JKEY)
DIMENSION ISUP(JSUP) ,ISEC0(JSEC0),ISEC1(JSEC1)
DIMENSION ISEC2(JSEC2),ISEC3(JSEC3),ISEC4(JSEC4)
C
#ifndef R_4
REAL*8 VALUES(KVALS),VALUE(KVALS1)
REAL*8 RQV(KELEM)
REAL*8 RVIND
#else
REAL VALUES(KVALS),VALUE(KVALS1)
REAL RQV(KELEM)
REAL RVIND
#endif

DIMENSION KTDLST(KELEM),KTDEXP(KELEM),KRQ(KELEM)
DIMENSION ITDLST(KELEM),ITDEXP(KELEM)
DIMENSION KDATA(KDLEN),IDATA(KDLEN)
C
CHARACTER*8 CF
CHARACTER*64 CNAMES(KELEM),CNAME(KELEM)
CHARACTER*24 CUNITS(KELEM),CUNIT(KELEM)
CHARACTER*80 CVALS(KVALS)
CHARACTER*80 CVAL (KVALS1)
CHARACTER*80 YENC
C
C
C ------------------------------------------------------------------
C* 1. INITIALIZE CONSTANTS AND VARIABLES.

ECMWF Technical Notes 83

BUFR User’s Guide

C -----------------------------------
100 CONTINUE
C
C
RVIND=1.7D38
C

CALL PBOPEN(IUNIT1,’synop.bufr’,’W’,IRET)
IF(IRET.EQ.-1) STOP ’OPEN FAILED ON synop.dat’
IF(IRET.EQ.-2) STOP ’INVALID FILE NAME’
IF(IRET.EQ.-3) STOP ’INVALID OPEN MODE SPECIFIED’
C

C
C INITIALIZE DELAYED REPLICATION FACTORS OR REFERENCE VALUES ETD.
C
DO 101 I=1,KDLEN
KDATA(I)=0
VALUES(I)=RVIND
101 CONTINUE
C
KDATA(1)=10
c
KDLENG=3
C
C
C SET DATA DECSRIPTORS
C

ktdlst( 1)= 301001

ktdlst( 2)= 001011
ktdlst( 3)= 001003
ktdlst( 4)= 002001
ktdlst( 5)= 301011
ktdlst( 6)= 301012
ktdlst( 7)= 301021
ktdlst( 8)= 007030
ktdlst( 9)= 007031
ktdlst( 10)= 302001
ktdlst( 11)= 007004
ktdlst( 12)= 010009
! Temperature data
ktdlst( 13)= 007032
ktdlst( 14)= 012101
ktdlst( 15)= 012103
ktdlst( 16)= 013003
! Visibility data
ktdlst( 17)= 007032
ktdlst( 18)= 020001
! Precipitation past 24 hours
ktdlst( 19)= 007032
ktdlst( 20)= 013023
ktdlst( 21)= 007032
! Cloud data
ktdlst( 22)= 302004
ktdlst( 23)= 101004
ktdlst( 24)= 302005
! Clouds with bases below station level
ktdlst( 25)= 105003
ktdlst( 26)= 008002
ktdlst( 27)= 020011
ktdlst( 28)= 020012
ktdlst( 29)= 020014
ktdlst( 30)= 020017
! State of ground, snow depth, ground minimum temperature
ktdlst( 31)= 020062
ktdlst( 32)= 013013
ktdlst( 33)= 012113
! Present weather
ktdlst( 34)= 020003
ktdlst( 35)= 004024
ktdlst( 36)= 020004
ktdlst( 37)= 020005
! Evaporation measurements
ktdlst( 38)= 004024
ktdlst( 39)= 002004
ktdlst( 40)= 013033
! Sunshine data
ktdlst( 41)= 004024
ktdlst( 42)= 014031
! Radiation data
ktdlst( 43)= 004025
ktdlst( 44)= 014002
ktdlst( 45)= 014004
ktdlst( 46)= 014016
ktdlst( 47)= 014028
ktdlst( 48)= 014029
ktdlst( 49)= 014030
! Precipitation measurements
ktdlst( 50)= 007032
ktdlst( 51)= 102002
ktdlst( 52 )= 004024

84 ECMWF Technical Notes

5.3 To create bufr message

ktdlst( 53)= 013011

! Extreme temperature data
ktdlst( 54)= 007032
ktdlst( 55)= 101002
ktdlst( 56)= 004024
ktdlst( 57)= 012111
ktdlst( 58)= 004024
ktdlst( 59)= 012112
! Wind data
ktdlst( 60)= 007032
ktdlst( 61)= 002002
ktdlst( 62)= 008021
ktdlst( 63)= 004025
ktdlst( 64)= 011001
ktdlst( 65)= 011002
ktdlst( 66)= 008021
ktdlst( 67)= 103002
ktdlst( 68)= 004025
ktdlst( 69)= 011043
ktdlst( 70)= 011041

ktdlen=70

values( 1)=13. ! 001001 WMO BLOCK NUMBER NUMERIC

values( 2)=272. ! 001002 WMO STATION NUMBER NUMERIC
values( 3)=1009. ! 001011 SHIP OR MOBILE LAND STATION IDENTIFIER CCITTIA5
values( 4)=6. ! 001003 WMO REGION NUMBER/GEOGRAPHICAL AREA CODE TABLE 001003
values( 5)=0. ! 002001 TYPE OF STATION CODE TABLE 002001
values( 6)=2005. ! 004001 YEAR YEAR
values( 7)=12. ! 004002 MONTH MONTH
values( 8)=1. ! 004003 DAY DAY
values( 9)=12. ! 004004 HOUR HOUR
values( 10)=0. ! 004005 MINUTE MINUTE
values( 11)=44.82 ! 005001 LATITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY) DEGREE
values( 12)=20.28 ! 006001 LONGITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY) DEGREE
values( 13)=96 ! 007030 HEIGHT OF STATION GROUND ABOVE MEAN SEA M

! Pressure
values( 14)=99 ! 007031 HEIGHT OF BAROMETER ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL M
values( 15)=1014. ! 010004 PRESSURE PA
values( 16)=1026.1 ! 010051 PRESSURE REDUCED TO MEAN SEA LEVEL PA
values( 17)=-190. ! 010061 3 HOUR PRESSURE CHANGE PA
values( 18)=7. ! 010063 CHARACTERISTIC OF PRESSURE TENDENCY CODE TABLE 010063
values( 19)=rvind ! 007004 PRESSURE PA
values( 20)=rvind ! 010009 GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT GPM

! Temperature data
values( 21)=2. ! 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND ( OR M
values( 22)=292.6 ! 012101 TEMPERATURE/DRY BULB TEMPERATURE K
values( 23)=288. ! 012103 DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE K
values( 24)=rvind ! 013003 RELATIVE HUMIDITY %

! Visibility data
values( 25)=1. ! 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND ( OR M
values( 26)=20000 ! 020001 HORIZONTAL VISIBILITY M

! Precipitation past 24 hours

values( 27)=0.3 ! 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND ( OR M
values( 28)=rvind ! 013023 TOTAL PRECIPITATION PAST 24 HOURS KG/M**2
values( 29)=rvind ! 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND ( OR M

! Cloud data
values( 30)=40. ! 020010 CLOUD COVER (TOTAL) %
values( 31)=1. ! 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATI CODE TABLE 008002
values( 32)=0. ! 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT CODE TABLE 020011
values( 33)=8000. ! 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD M
values( 34)=30. ! 020012 CLOUD TYPE CODE TABLE 020012
values( 35)=20. ! 020012 CLOUD TYPE CODE TABLE 020012
values( 36)=11. ! 020012 CLOUD TYPE CODE TABLE 020012
values( 37)=rvind ! 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATI CODE TABLE 008002
values( 38)=rvind ! 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT CODE TABLE 020011
values( 39)=rvind ! 020012 CLOUD TYPE CODE TABLE 020012
values( 40)=rvind ! 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD M
values( 41)=rvind ! 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATI CODE TABLE 008002
values( 42)=rvind ! 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT CODE TABLE 020011
values( 43)=rvind ! 020012 CLOUD TYPE CODE TABLE 020012
values( 44)=rvind ! 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD M
values( 45)=rvind ! 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATI CODE TABLE 008002
values( 46)=rvind ! 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT CODE TABLE 020011
values( 47)=rvind ! 020012 CLOUD TYPE CODE TABLE 020012
values( 48)=rvind ! 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD M
values( 49)=rvind ! 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATI CODE TABLE 008002
values( 50)=rvind ! 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT CODE TABLE 020011
values( 51)=rvind ! 020012 CLOUD TYPE CODE TABLE 020012
values( 52)=rvind ! 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD M

! Clouds with bases below station level

values( 53)=rvind ! 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATI CODE TABLE 008002
values( 54)=rvind ! 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT CODE TABLE 020011
values( 55)=rvind ! 020012 CLOUD TYPE CODE TABLE 020012
values( 56)=rvind ! 020014 HEIGHT OF TOP OF CLOUD M
values( 57)=rvind ! 020017 CLOUD TOP DESCRIPTION CODE TABLE 020017

ECMWF Technical Notes 85

BUFR User’s Guide

values( 58)=rvind ! 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATI CODE TABLE 008002
values( 59)=rvind ! 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT CODE TABLE 020011
values( 60)=rvind ! 020012 CLOUD TYPE CODE TABLE 020012
values( 61)=rvind ! 020014 HEIGHT OF TOP OF CLOUD M
values( 62)=rvind ! 020017 CLOUD TOP DESCRIPTION CODE TABLE 020017
values( 63)=rvind ! 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATI CODE TABLE 008002
values( 64)=rvind ! 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT CODE TABLE 020011
values( 65)=rvind ! 020012 CLOUD TYPE CODE TABLE 020012
values( 66)=rvind ! 020014 HEIGHT OF TOP OF CLOUD M
values( 67)=rvind ! 020017 CLOUD TOP DESCRIPTION CODE TABLE 020017

! State of ground, snow depth, ground minimum temperature

values( 68)=rvind ! 020062 STATE OF THE GROUND (WITH OR WITHOUT SNO CODE TABLE 020062
values( 69)=rvind ! 013013 TOTAL SNOW DEPTH M
values( 70)=rvind ! 012113 GROUND MINIMUM TEMPERATURE, PAST 12 HOUR K

! Present weather
values( 71)=2. ! 020003 PRESENT WEATHER CODE TABLE 020003
values( 72)=24. ! 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT HOUR
values( 73)=1. ! 020004 PAST WEATHER (1) CODE TABLE 020004
values( 74)=1. ! 020005 PAST WEATHER (2) CODE TABLE 020005

! Evaporation measurements
values( 75)=rvind ! 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT HOUR
values( 76)=rvind ! 002004 TYPE OF INSTRUMENTATION FOR EVAPORATION CODE TABLE 002004
values( 77)=rvind ! 013033 EVAPORATION/EVAPOTRANSPIRATION KG/M**2

! Sunshine data
values( 78)=rvind ! 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT HOUR
values( 79)=rvind ! 014031 TOTAL SUNSHINE MINUTE

! Radiation data
values( 80)=rvind ! 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT MINUTE
values( 81)=rvind ! 014002 LONG-WAVE RADIATION,INTEGRATED OVER PERI J/M**2
values( 82)=rvind ! 014004 SHORT-WAVE RADIATION,INTEGRATED OVER PER J/M**2
values( 83)=rvind ! 014016 NET RADIATION,INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD SPE J/M**2
values( 84)=rvind ! 014028 GLOBAL SOLAR RADIATION INTEGRATED OVERPE J/M**2
values( 85)=rvind ! 014029 DIFFUSE SOLAR RADIATION INTEGRATED OVERP J/M**2
values( 86)=rvind ! 014030 DIRECT SOLAR RADIATION INTEGRATED OVERPE J/M**2

! Precipitation measurements
values( 87)=0. ! 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND ( OR M
values( 88)=-6 ! 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT HOUR
values( 89)=2. ! 013011 TOTAL PRECIPITATION/TOTAL WATER EQUIVALE KG/M**2

! Extreme temperature data

values( 90)=rvind ! 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT HOUR
values( 91)=rvind ! 013011 TOTAL PRECIPITATION/TOTAL WATER EQUIVALE KG/M**2
values( 92)=rvind ! 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND ( OR M
values( 93)=-24 ! 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT HOUR
values( 94)=0 ! 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT HOUR
values( 95)=275.22 ! 012111 MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE,AT HEIGHT AND OVER P K
values( 96)=-6 ! 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT HOUR
values( 97)=268.7 ! 012112 MINIMUM TEMPERATURE,AT HEIGHT AND OVER P K

! Wind data
values( 98)=10. ! 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND ( OR M
values( 99)=1. ! 002002 TYPE OF INSTRUMENTATION FOR WIND MEASURE FLAG TABLE 002002
values( 100)=2. ! 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE CODE TABLE 008021
values( 101)=-10. ! 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT MINUTE
values( 102)=100. ! 011001 WIND DIRECTION DEGREE TRUE
values( 103)=1. ! 011002 WIND SPEED M/S
values( 104)=rvind ! 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE CODE TABLE 008021
values( 105)=rvind ! 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT MINUTE
values( 106)=rvind ! 011043 MAXIMUM WIND GUST DIRECTION DEGREE TRUE
values( 107)=rvind ! 011041 MAXIMUM WIND SPEED (GUSTS) M/S
values( 108)=rvind ! 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT MINUTE
values( 109)=rvind ! 011043 MAXIMUM WIND GUST DIRECTION DEGREE TRUE
values( 110)=rvind ! 011041 MAXIMUM WIND SPEED (GUSTS) M/S
C
C SET CCITTIA5 STATION OR SITE NAME

cvals(1)=’SURCIN’
C
C
C SECTION 0 CONTENT
C
KSEC0(1)=0 ! TOTAL LENGTH OF SECTION 0
KSEC0(2)=0 ! TOTAL LENGTH OF BUFR MESSAGE
KSEC0(3)=4 ! BUFR EDITION NUMBER
C
C SECTION 1 CONTENT
C
KSEC1(1)=22 ! TOTTAL LENGTH OF SECTION 1 ( set to 18 for edition <= 3)
KSEC1(2)=4 ! BUFR EDITION NUMBER
KSEC1(3)=98 ! ORIGINATING CENTRE
KSEC1(4)=1 ! UPDATE SEQUENCE NUMBER
KSEC1(5)=0 !128 ! FLAG (PRESENCE OF SECTION 2)
KSEC1(6)=0 ! BUFR MESSAGE TYPE
KSEC1(7)=1 ! BUFR_MESSAGE SUBTYPE
KSEC1(8)=1 ! VERSION NUMBER OF LOCAL TABLE USED
KSEC1(9)=nint(values(6))
if(KSEC1(2).le.3) then

86 ECMWF Technical Notes

5.3 To create bufr message

if(ksec1(9).gt.2000) then
ksec1(9)=ksec1(9)-2000
else
ksec1(9)=ksec1(9)-1900
end if
end if
KSEC1(10)=nint(values(7))
KSEC1(11)=nint(values(8)) ! DAY
KSEC1(12)=nint(values(9)) ! HOUR
KSEC1(13)=nint(values(10)) ! MINUTE
KSEC1(14)=0 ! BUFR MASTER TABLE( ZERO) FOR METEOROLOGICAL DATA)
KSEC1(15)=12 ! VERSION NUMBER OF MASTER TABLE USED
KSEC1(16)=0 ! ORIGINATING SUB-CENTRE
KSEC1(17)=0 ! International sub-category
KSEC1(18)=0 ! Second

C
C SECTION 2 CONTENT
C
KSEC2(1)=52
C
DO 110 I=2,JSEC2
KSEC2(I)=0
110 CONTINUE
C
C SECTION 3 CONTENT
C
KSEC3(1)=0 ! TOTAL LENGTH OF SECTION 3
KSEC3(2)=0 ! RESERVED
KSEC3(3)=1
KSEC3(4)=0 ! 64 FOR COMPRESSION/ 0 MANY SUBSETS
C
IREP=0
C
C
C* 6. PACK BUFR MESSAGE
C -----------------
600 CONTINUE
C
C---------------------------------------------------------------
C This call is not needed for packing. It just
C prints expanded list corresponding to ktdlst sequence
C and delayed replications in kdata array. This four
C lines can be deleted or commented out.
K=1
CALL BUXDES(K,KSEC1,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KDLENG,KDATA,KELEM,
1 KTDEXL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,CUNITS,KERR)
C
IF(KERR.NE.0) CALL EXIT(2)
C---------------------------------------------------------------
C
C
C* 6.2 ENCODE DATA INTO BUFR MESSAGE.
C ------------------------------
620 CONTINUE
C
KBUFL=3000
KPMISS=1
KPRUS=1
NOKEY=0
CALL BUPRQ(KPMISS,KPRUS,NOKEY)
C
KERR=0
CALL BUFREN( KSEC0,KSEC1,KSEC2,KSEC3,KSEC4,
1 KTDLEN,KTDLST,KDLENG,KDATA,KELEM,
2 KVALS,VALUES,CVALS,KBUFL,KBUFR,KERR)
C

IF(KERR.GT.0) THEN
CALL EXIT(2)
ELSEIF(KERR.lt.0) then
print*,’Encoding return_code=’,kerr
END IF
c
ILEN=KBUFL*JBPW/8
C
IERR=0
CALL PBWRITE(IUNIT1,KBUFR,ILEN,IERR)
IF(IERR.LT.0) THEN
PRINT*,’ERROR WRITING INTO TARGET FILE.’
CALL EXIT(2)
END IF

C
C -----------------------------------------------------------------
C* 7. UNPACK MESSAGE.
C -------------
700 CONTINUE
C
DO 702 I=1,KVALS1
VALUE(I)=RVIND
702 CONTINUE
c

ECMWF Technical Notes 87

BUFR User’s Guide

701 CONTINUE
C
CALL BUFREX(KBUFL,KBUFR,ISUP,ISEC0 ,ISEC1,ISEC2 ,ISEC3 ,ISEC4,
1 KELEM,CNAME,CUNIT,KVALS1,VALUE,CVAL,IERR)
c
IF(IERR.NE.0) CALL EXIT(2)
C
CALL BUPRS0(ISEC0)
CALL BUPRS1(ISEC1)
CALL BUUKEY(ISEC1,ISEC2,KEY,ISUP,KERR)
CALL BUPRS2(ISUP ,KEY)
ISUBSET=1
CALL BUSEL2(ISUBSET,KELEM,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,
1 CUNITS,IERR)
CALL BUPRS3(ISEC3,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,KELEM,CNAME)
C
WRITE(*,’(a,$)’) ’ STARTING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : ’
READ(*,’(I5)’) IST
WRITE(*,’(a,$)’) ’ ENDING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : ’
READ(*,’(I6)’) IEND
C
ICODE=0
CALL BUPRT(ICODE,IST,IEND,KELEM,CNAME,CUNIT,CVAL,
1 KVALS1,VALUE,ISUP,ISEC1,IERR)
C
C
IREP=IREP+1
C
IF(IREP.GT.3) GO TO 900
GO TO 900
C
810 CONTINUE
C
WRITE(*,’(1H ,A)’) ’OPEN ERROR ON INPUT FILE’
GO TO 900
C
800 CONTINUE
C
IF(IERR.EQ.-1) THEN
print*,’Number of records processed ’,IREP
ELSE
print*,’ BUFR : error= ’,ierr
END IF
C
900 CONTINUE
C
STOP
END

88 ECMWF Technical Notes

5.4 An example of decoding Opera radar composite images

C
C Licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License which
C incorporates the terms and conditions of version 3 of the GNU
C General Public License.
C See LICENSE and gpl-3.0.txt for details.
C

PROGRAM DECODE_BUFR_IMAGE
C
C**** *DECODE_BUFR_IMAGE*
C
C
C PURPOSE.
C --------
C Expnds Opera run-length encoded composite images
C and creates image header and image file.
C
C
C** INTERFACE.
C ----------
C
C NONE.
C
C METHOD.
C -------
C
C NONE.
C
C
C EXTERNALS.
C ----------
C
C REFERENCE.
C ----------
C
C NONE.
C
C AUTHOR.
C -------
C
C M. DRAGOSAVAC *ECMWF* 15/07/2008.
C
C
C MODIFICATIONS.
C --------------
C
C NONE.
C
C
IMPLICIT LOGICAL(L,O,G), CHARACTER*8(C,H,Y)
C
PARAMETER(JSUP = 9,JSEC0= 3,JSEC1= 40,JSEC2=4096 ,JSEC3= 4,
1 JSEC4= 2,JELEM=320000,JSUBS=400,JCVAL=150 ,JBUFL=300000,
2 JBPW = 32,JTAB =3000,JCTAB=120,JCTST=1800,JCTEXT=1200,
3 JWORK=4096000,JKEY=46,JBYTE=440000)
C
PARAMETER (KELEM=320000)
PARAMETER (KVALS=4096000)
C
DIMENSION KBUFF(JBUFL)
DIMENSION KBUFR(JBUFL)
DIMENSION KSUP(JSUP) ,KSEC0(JSEC0),KSEC1(JSEC1)
DIMENSION KSEC2(JSEC2),KSEC3(JSEC3),KSEC4(JSEC4)
C
REAL*8 VALUES(KVALS),VALUES_IMG(500)
DIMENSION IMAGE8(522500)
DIMENSION KTDLST(KELEM),KTDEXP(KELEM)
DIMENSION KTDEXP_IMG(KELEM)
C
CHARACTER*256 CF,COUT,CARG(4),COUT1,COUT2,COUT3
CHARACTER*64 CNAMES(KELEM),CNAMES_IMG(KELEM)
CHARACTER*24 CUNITS(KELEM),CUNITS_IMG(KELEM)
CHARACTER*80 CVALS(KELEM),CVALS_IMG(KELEM)
REAL*8 RVIND
C
EQUIVALENCE(IMAGE1,IMAGE2,IMAGE4)
C ------------------------------------------------------------------
C* 1. INITIALIZE CONSTANTS AND VARIABLES.
C -----------------------------------
100 CONTINUE
C
C MISSING VALUE INDICATOR
C
NBYTPW=JBPW/8
RVIND=1.7D38
NVIND=2147483647
IOBS=0

ECMWF Technical Notes 89

BUFR User’s Guide

N=0
C
C
C
C GET INPUT AND OUTPUT FILE NAME.
C
NARG=IARGC()
C
C
DO 104 J=1,NARG
CALL GETARG(J,CARG(J))
104 CONTINUE

IF(NARG.EQ.0) THEN
PRINT*,’USAGE -- decode_bufr_image infile’
STOP
END IF
C
DO 101 II=1,NARG

CF=CARG(II)
ILN=INDEX(CF,’ ’)-1
C
C* 1.2 OPEN FILE CONTAINING BUFR DATA.
C -------------------------------
120 CONTINUE
C
IRET=0
CALL PBOPEN(IUNIT,CF(1:ILN),’R’,IRET)
IF(IRET.EQ.-1) STOP ’OPEN FAILED’
IF(IRET.EQ.-2) STOP ’INVALID FILE NAME’
IF(IRET.EQ.-3) STOP ’INVALID OPEN MODE SPECIFIED’
C
COUT1=CF(1:ILN-5)//’.img’
ILN1=INDEX(COUT1,’ ’)-1
CALL PBOPEN(IUNIT1,COUT1(1:ILN1),’W’,IRET)
IF(IRET.EQ.-1) STOP ’OPEN FAILED ON *.img file’
IF(IRET.EQ.-2) STOP ’INVALID FILE NAME’
IF(IRET.EQ.-3) STOP ’INVALID OPEN MODE SPECIFIED’
C
COUT2=CF(1:ILN-5)//’.img_header’
ILN2=INDEX(COUT2,’ ’)-1
IUNIT2=40
OPEN(UNIT=IUNIT2,FILE=COUT2(1:ILN2),STATUS=’UNKNOWN’,IOSTAT=ios)
IF(IOS.NE.0) THEN
PRINT*,’Open error on ’,COUT2(1:ILN2)
STOP
END IF

C
COUT3=CF(1:ILN-5)//’.section_1’
ILN3=INDEX(COUT3,’ ’)-1
IUNIT3=41
OPEN(UNIT=IUNIT3,FILE=COUT3(1:ILN3),STATUS=’UNKNOWN’,IOSTAT=ios)
IF(IOS.NE.0) THEN
PRINT*,’Open error on ’,COUT3(1:ILN3)
STOP
END IF
C
C -----------------------------------------------------------------
C
C* 3. READ BUFR MESSAGE.
C ------------------
300 CONTINUE
C
IERR=0
KBUFL=0
C
CALL PBBUFR(IUNIT,KBUFF,JBYTE*4,KBUFL,IERR)
IF(IERR.EQ.-1) THEN
PRINT*,’NUMBER OF SUBSETS ’,IOBS
PRINT*,’NUMBER OF MESSAGES ’,N
STOP ’EOF’
END IF
IF(IERR.EQ.-2) STOP ’FILE HANDLING PROBLEM’
IF(IERR.EQ.-3) STOP ’ARRAY TOO SMALL FOR PRODUCT’
C
N=N+1
PRINT*,’----------------------------------’,N,’ ’,KBUFL
KBUFL=KBUFL/NBYTPW+1
C
C -----------------------------------------------------------------
C* 4. EXPAND BUFR MESSAGE.
C --------------------
400 CONTINUE
C
CALL BUS0123( KBUFL,KBUFF,KSUP,KSEC0,KSEC1,KSEC2,KSEC3,IERR)
IF(IERR.NE.0) THEN
PRINT*,’ERROR IN BUS012: ’,IERR
PRINT*,’ BUFR MESSAGE NUMBER ’,N,’ CORRUPTED.’
IERR=0
GO TO 300
END IF

90 ECMWF Technical Notes

5.4 An example of decoding Opera radar composite images

C
KEL=KVALS/KSEC3(3)
IF(KEL.GT.KELEM) KEL=KELEM
C
CALL BUFREX(KBUFL,KBUFF,KSUP,KSEC0 ,KSEC1,KSEC2 ,KSEC3 ,KSEC4,
1 KEL,CNAMES,CUNITS,KVALS,VALUES,CVALS,IERR)
C
IF(IERR.NE.0) THEN
CALL EXIT(2)
END IF
C
IOBS=IOBS+KSEC3(3)
C
C
ISUBSET=1
CALL BUSEL2(ISUBSET,KEL,KTDLEN,KTDLST,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,
1 CUNITS,IERR)
C IF(IERR.NE.0) CALL EXIT(2)
C
C Get full image as array of pixel values

CALL BUGET_OPERA_IMAGE(KSEC1,KTDEXL,KTDEXP,CNAMES,CUNITS,
1 KELEM,KVALS,VALUES,CVALS,KTDEXL_IMG,KTDEXP_IMG,
2 CNAMES_IMG,CUNITS_IMG,KVALS_IMG,VALUES_IMG,
3 CVALS_IMG,KSIZE_IMG_BYTES,IMAGE8,KPIXEL_SIZE,KERR)

c
c
C
C Write image meta data into file
C -------------------------------
DO I=1,KTDEXL_IMG
WRITE(IUNIT2,’(I6,1X,A64,1x,F20.8,1x,a24)’) I,CNAMES_IMG(I),
c VALUES_IMG(I),CUNITS_IMG(I)
END DO

C
C Write bufr section 1 into file
C ------------------------------
CALL BBUPRS1(IUNIT3,KSEC1)
imx=KSIZE_IMG_BYTES
c print*,’printing bytes=’,imx
C
C Write image ( pixel values ) into file
C -----------------------------------------------------------------
CALL PBWRITE(IUNIT1,IMAGE8,imx,IERR)
C
C
GO TO 900
C -----------------------------------------------------------------
C
810 CONTINUE
C
WRITE(*,’(1H ,A)’) ’OPEN ERROR ON INPUT FILE’
GO TO 900
C
800 CONTINUE
C
IF(IRET.EQ.-1) THEN
PRINT*,’NUMBER OF RECORDS PROCESSED ’,N
PRINT*,’NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS ’,IOBS
ELSE
PRINT*,’ BUFR : ERROR= ’,IERR
END IF
C
900 CONTINUE
C
CALL PBCLOSE(IUNIT,IRET)
CALL PBCLOSE(IUNIT1,IRET)
CLOSE(IUNIT2)
CLOSE(IUNIT3)
101 CONTINUE
C
END

ECMWF Technical Notes 91

BUFR User’s Guide

5.5 An example of C program calling fortran bufr subroutines

#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

/*******************************************************************
*
* Program : Bufr_decode
*
*
* Author: Milan Dragosavac ECMWF July 1996
*
* Purpose: Decode bufr message
*
*
*
* Usage:
*
*
*
* References:
*
*
*
*
* File formats:
*
*
*
* Restrictions:
*
*
* Error handling:
*
*
*
* Notes:
*
*
*
*******************************************************************/
{
#define KVALS 360000
#define KELEM 40000

FILE *fp;
char bufr_message[15000];
char filename[256];
long int length=15000;
long int status;
int Nbpw;

unsigned long int *kbuff;

long int ksup[9];
long int ksec0[3];
long int ksec1[40];
long int ksec2[4096];
long int ksec3[4];
long int ksec4[2];
long int key[46];
long int kerr;

int i;
long kelem = KELEM,kvals = KVALS;

static char cnames[KELEM][64],cunits[KELEM][24];

char cvals[KVALS][80];

float values[KVALS],vals[KVALS];
long icode = 0;
long ktdlst[KELEM],ktdexp[KELEM],ktdlen,ktdexl;

if(sizeof(long) == 4) Nbpw=32;
else if(sizeof(long) == 8) Nbpw=64;
else{
printf("Abort.....\n");
}

printf("%d\n",Nbpw);

/* Get input and output file name. */

/* ------------------------------- */

if(argc != 3) {

92 ECMWF Technical Notes

5.5 An example of C program calling fortran bufr subroutines

printf("Usage: bufr_decode -i infile \n");

printf("Please try again. \n");
exit(1);
}

printf("%c",argc);

if(!strcmp(argv[1],"-i")) strcpy(filename,argv[2]);
else {
printf("Usage: bufr_decode -i infile \n");
exit(1);
}

/* Open input file */

/* --------------- */

if((fp = fopen(filename,"r")) == NULL) {

printf("cannot open file\n");
exit(1);
}

/* Read in bufr messages */

/* --------------------- */

while(status >= 0){

status = readbufr( fp,&bufr_message,&length);

if( status == -1 ) printf("End of file.\n");

else if(status == -2 ) printf("Error in file handling\n");
else if(status == -3 ) printf("Too small input array.\n");
else if(status == -4 ) printf("Too small input array.\n");
else {
printf("It is OK.\n");
printf("message read ");
printf("%d\n",length);
printf("%s\n",&bufr_message[0]);
}
status=-1;

/* Expand bufr message calling fortran program */

kbuff = (long *) bufr_message;
length /= 4;

bus012_(&length, kbuff , ksup, ksec0, ksec1, ksec2, &kerr) ;

buprs0_(ksec0);
buprs1_(ksec1);

if (ksup[5] > 1)
kelem = kvals/ksup[5];
else
kelem = KELEM;

if ( kelem > KELEM ) kelem = KELEM;

kerr = 0;
bufrex_(&length,(long *)kbuff,ksup,ksec0,ksec1,ksec2,ksec3,ksec4,
&kelem,(char **)cnames,(char **)cunits,&kvals,
values,(char **)cvals,&kerr);
if ( kerr )
{
kerr = 0;
}

buukey_(ksec1,ksec2,key,ksup,&kerr);

busel_(&ktdlen,ktdlst,&ktdexl,ktdexp,&kerr);
buprs3_(ksec3,&ktdlen,ktdlst,&ktdexl,ktdexp,&kelem,(char **)cnames);

icode = 0;
long current_ss;
current_ss = 1;
buprt_(&icode,&current_ss,&current_ss,&kelem,(char **)cnames,
(char **)cunits,(char **)cvals,
&kvals,values,ksup,ksec1,&kerr);

return kerr;

ECMWF Technical Notes 93

BUFR User’s Guide

6 WMO observation templates

6.1 WMO AWS (automatic and manned station) template, one hour period

ECMWF

BUFR DECODING SOFTWARE VERSION - 7.1

07 June 2005.

Your path for bufr tables is :

/home/ma/maa/bigtmp/wmo_bufr_crex_000250/bufr_000270/bufrtables
BUFR TABLES TO BE LOADED B0000000000078011007,D0000000000078011007
1
BUFR SECTION 0

LENGTH OF SECTION 0 (BYTES) 8

TOTAL LENGTH OF BUFR MESSAGE (BYTES) 320
BUFR EDITION NUMBER 3
1
BUFR SECTION 1

LENGTH OF SECTION 1 (BYTES) 18

BUFR EDITION NUMBER 3
ORIGINATING SUB-CENTRE 0
ORIGINATING CENTRE 78
UPDATE SEQUENCE NUMBER 0
FLAG (PRESENCE OF SECTION 2) 0
BUFR MESSAGE TYPE 0
BUFR MESSAGE SUBTYPE 0
VERSION NUMBER OF LOCAL TABLE 7
YEAR 5
MONTH 5
DAY 4
HOUR 9
MINUTE 0
VERSION NUMBER OF MASTER TABLE 11
BUFR MASTER TABLE 0

BUUKEY : KEY DEFINITION NOT KNOWN

PRTKEY : RDB KEY NOT DEFINED IN SECTION 2.

1
BUFR SECTION 3

LENGTH OF SECTION 3 (BYTES) 74

RESERVED 0
NUMBER OF DATA SUBSETS 1
FLAG (DATA TYPE/DATA COMPRESSION) 128

DATA DESCRIPTORS (UNEXPANDED)

1 301090
2 008010
3 301091
4 302001
5 007004
6 010009
7 302072
8 101005
9 307063
10 302069
11 007032
12 007033
13 020031
14 020032
15 002038
16 022043
17 302021
18 302078
19 302073
20 302074
21 302075
22 004025
23 302076
24 302071
25 302077
26 007033
27 302079
28 007032
29 302080
30 302081
31 302082
32 004025
33 013059

94 ECMWF Technical Notes

6.1 WMO AWS (automatic and manned station) template, one hour period

DATA DESCRIPTORS (EXPANDED)

1 001001 WMO BLOCK NUMBER

2 001002 WMO STATION NUMBER
3 001015 STATION OR SITE NAME
4 002001 TYPE OF STATION
5 004001 YEAR
6 004002 MONTH
7 004003 DAY
8 004004 HOUR
9 004005 MINUTE
10 005001 LATITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY)
11 006001 LONGITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY)
12 007030 HEIGHT OF STATION GROUND ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL (SEE NOTE 3)
13 007031 HEIGHT OF BAROMETER ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL (SEE NOTE 4)
14 008010 SURFACE QUALIFIER (TEMPERATURE DATA)
15 002180 MAIN PRESENT WEATHER DETECTING SYSTEM
16 002181 SUPPLEMENTARY PRESENT WEATHER SENSOR
17 002182 VISIBILITY MEASUREMENT SYSTEM
18 002183 CLOUD DETECTION SYSTEM
19 002184 TYPE OF LIGHTNING DETECTION SENSOR
20 002179 TYPE OF SKY CONDITION ALGORITHM
21 002186 CAPABILITY TO DETECT PRECIPITATION PHENOMENA
22 002187 CAPABILITY TO DETECT OTHER WEATHER PHENOMENA
23 002188 CAPABILITY TO DETECT OBSCURATION
24 002189 CAPABILITY TO DISCRIMINATE LIGHTNING STRIKES
25 010004 PRESSURE
26 010051 PRESSURE REDUCED TO MEAN SEA LEVEL
27 010061 3-HOUR PRESSURE CHANGE
28 010063 CHARACTERISTIC OF PRESSURE TENDENCY
29 007004 PRESSURE
30 010009 GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT
31 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
32 007033 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE WATER SURFACE (SEE NOTE 6)
33 012101 TEMPERATURE/DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE
34 012103 DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE
35 013003 RELATIVE HUMIDITY
36 007061 DEPTH BELOW LAND SURFACE
37 012130 SOIL TEMPERATURE
38 007061 DEPTH BELOW LAND SURFACE
39 012130 SOIL TEMPERATURE
40 007061 DEPTH BELOW LAND SURFACE
41 012130 SOIL TEMPERATURE
42 007061 DEPTH BELOW LAND SURFACE
43 012130 SOIL TEMPERATURE
44 007061 DEPTH BELOW LAND SURFACE
45 012130 SOIL TEMPERATURE
46 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
47 007033 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE WATER SURFACE (SEE NOTE 6)
48 033041 ATTRIBUTE OF FOLLOWING VALUE
49 020001 HORIZONTAL VISIBILITY
50 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
51 007033 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE WATER SURFACE (SEE NOTE 6)
52 020031 ICE DEPOSIT (THICKNESS)
53 020032 RATE OF ICE ACCRETION
54 002038 METHOD OF WATER TEMPERATURE AND/OR SALINITY MEASUREMENT
55 022043 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE
56 022001 DIRECTION OF WAVES
57 022011 PERIOD OF WAVES
58 022021 HEIGHT OF WAVES
59 002176 METHOD OF STATE OF GROUND MEASUREMENT
60 020062 STATE OF THE GROUND (WITH OR WITHOUT SNOW)
61 002177 METHOD OF SNOW DEPTH MEASUREMENT
62 013013 TOTAL SNOW DEPTH
63 020010 CLOUD COVER (TOTAL)
64 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
65 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
66 020012 CLOUD TYPE
67 033041 ATTRIBUTE OF FOLLOWING VALUE
68 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD
69 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
70 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
71 020012 CLOUD TYPE
72 033041 ATTRIBUTE OF FOLLOWING VALUE
73 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD
74 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
75 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
76 020012 CLOUD TYPE
77 033041 ATTRIBUTE OF FOLLOWING VALUE
78 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD
79 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
80 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
81 020012 CLOUD TYPE
82 033041 ATTRIBUTE OF FOLLOWING VALUE
83 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD
84 020003 PRESENT WEATHER (SEE NOTE 1)
85 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
86 020004 PAST WEATHER (1) (SEE NOTE 2)
87 020005 PAST WEATHER (2) (SEE NOTE 2)
88 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE
89 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
90 013055 INTENSITY OF PRECIPITATION

ECMWF Technical Notes 95

BUFR User’s Guide

91 013058 SIZE OF PRECIPITATING ELEMENT

92 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE
93 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
94 020021 TYPE OF PRECIPITATION
95 020022 CHARACTER OF PRECIPITATION
96 026020 DURATION OF PRECIPITATION
97 020023 OTHER WEATHER PHENOMENA
98 020024 INTENSITY OF PHENOMENA
99 020025 OBSCURATION
100 020026 CHARACTER OF OBSCURATION
101 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
102 007033 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE WATER SURFACE (SEE NOTE 6)
103 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE
104 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
105 011001 WIND DIRECTION
106 011002 WIND SPEED
107 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE
108 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
109 011043 MAXIMUM WIND GUST DIRECTION
110 011041 MAXIMUM WIND GUST SPEED
111 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
112 011043 MAXIMUM WIND GUST DIRECTION
113 011041 MAXIMUM WIND GUST SPEED
114 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
115 011016 EXTREME COUNTERCLOCKWISE WIND DIRECTION OF A VARIABLE WIND
116 011017 EXTREME CLOCKWISE WIND DIRECTION OF A VARIABLE WIND
117 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
118 007033 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE WATER SURFACE (SEE NOTE 6)
119 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
120 012111 MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE, AT HEIGHT AND OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
121 012112 MINIMUM TEMPERATURE, AT HEIGHT AND OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
122 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
123 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
124 012112 MINIMUM TEMPERATURE, AT HEIGHT AND OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
125 007033 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE WATER SURFACE (SEE NOTE 6)
126 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
127 002175 METHOD OF PRECIPITATION MEASUREMENT
128 002178 METHOD OF LIQUID CONTENT MEASUREMENT OF PRECIPITATION
129 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
130 013011 TOTAL PRECIPITATION/TOTAL WATER EQUIVALENT
131 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
132 002185 METHOD OF EVAPORATION MEASUREMENT
133 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
134 013033 EVAPORATION/EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
135 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
136 014031 TOTAL SUNSHINE
137 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
138 014002 LONG-WAVE RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
139 014004 SHORT-WAVE RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
140 014016 NET RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
141 014028 GLOBAL SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACCURACY), INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD S
142 014029 DIFFUSE SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACCURACY), INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD
143 014030 DIRECT SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACCURACY), INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD S
144 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
145 013059 NUMBER OF FLASHES (THUNDERSTORM)

STARTING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : 1

ENDING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : 1

1 WMO BLOCK NUMBE 0.1000000000E+02 NUMERIC

2 WMO STATION NUM 0.3930000000E+03 NUMERIC
3 STATION OR SITE 0.1020000000E+04 CCITTIA5 Lindenberg
4 TYPE OF STATION 0.1000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 2001
5 YEAR 0.2005000000E+04 YEAR
6 MONTH 0.5000000000E+01 MONTH
7 DAY 0.4000000000E+01 DAY
8 HOUR 0.9000000000E+01 HOUR
9 MINUTE 0.0000000000E+00 MINUTE
10 LATITUDE (HIGH 0.5220970000E+02 DEGREE
11 LONGITUDE (HIGH 0.1412030000E+02 DEGREE
12 HEIGHT OF STATI 0.9800000000E+02 M
13 HEIGHT OF BAROM 0.1038000000E+03 M
14 SURFACE QUALIFI 0.3000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 8010
15 MAIN PRESENT WE 0.0000000000E+00 CODE TABLE 2180
16 SUPPLEMENTARY P 0.1048576000E+07 FLAG TABLE 2181
17 VISIBILITY MEAS 0.0000000000E+00 CODE TABLE 2182
18 CLOUD DETECTION 0.1000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 2183
19 TYPE OF LIGHTNI 0.0000000000E+00 CODE TABLE 2184
20 TYPE OF SKY CON 0.0000000000E+00 CODE TABLE 2179
21 CAPABILITY TO D 0.0000000000E+00 FLAG TABLE 2186
22 CAPABILITY TO D 0.0000000000E+00 FLAG TABLE 2187
23 CAPABILITY TO D 0.0000000000E+00 FLAG TABLE 2188
24 CAPABILITY TO D 0.2048000000E+04 FLAG TABLE 2189
25 PRESSURE 0.9966000000E+05 PA
26 PRESSURE REDUCE 0.1008900000E+06 PA
27 3-HOUR PRESSURE 0.5000000000E+02 PA
28 CHARACTERISTIC 0.2000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 10063
29 PRESSURE MISSING PA
30 GEOPOTENTIAL HE MISSING GPM
31 HEIGHT OF SENSO 0.2000000000E+01 M
32 HEIGHT OF SENSO MISSING M
33 TEMPERATURE/DRY 0.2881500000E+03 K
34 DEW-POINT TEMPE 0.2843500000E+03 K

96 ECMWF Technical Notes

6.1 WMO AWS (automatic and manned station) template, one hour period

35 RELATIVE HUMIDI 0.7800000000E+02 %

36 DEPTH BELOW LAN 0.5000000000E-01 M
37 SOIL TEMPERATUR 0.2896500000E+03 K
38 DEPTH BELOW LAN 0.1000000000E+00 M
39 SOIL TEMPERATUR 0.2893500000E+03 K
40 DEPTH BELOW LAN 0.2000000000E+00 M
41 SOIL TEMPERATUR 0.2892500000E+03 K
42 DEPTH BELOW LAN 0.5000000000E+00 M
43 SOIL TEMPERATUR 0.2883500000E+03 K
44 DEPTH BELOW LAN 0.1000000000E+01 M
45 SOIL TEMPERATUR 0.2850500000E+03 K
46 HEIGHT OF SENSO 0.2000000000E+01 M
47 HEIGHT OF SENSO MISSING M
48 ATTRIBUTE OF FO 0.0000000000E+00 CODE TABLE 33041
49 HORIZONTAL VISI 0.1200000000E+05 M
50 HEIGHT OF SENSO MISSING M
51 HEIGHT OF SENSO MISSING M
52 ICE DEPOSIT (TH MISSING M
53 RATE OF ICE ACC MISSING CODE TABLE 20032
54 METHOD OF WATER MISSING CODE TABLE 2038
55 SEA/WATER TEMPE MISSING K
56 DIRECTION OF WA MISSING DEGREE TRUE
57 PERIOD OF WAVES MISSING S
58 HEIGHT OF WAVES MISSING M
59 METHOD OF STATE 0.0000000000E+00 CODE TABLE 2176
60 STATE OF THE GR MISSING CODE TABLE 20062
61 METHOD OF SNOW MISSING CODE TABLE 2177
62 TOTAL SNOW DEPT MISSING M
63 CLOUD COVER (TO 0.8700000000E+02 %
64 VERTICAL SIGNIF 0.1000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 8002
65 CLOUD AMOUNT 0.4000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 20011
66 CLOUD TYPE 0.8000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 20012
67 ATTRIBUTE OF FO 0.0000000000E+00 CODE TABLE 33041
68 HEIGHT OF BASE 0.6300000000E+03 M
69 VERTICAL SIGNIF 0.2000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 8002
70 CLOUD AMOUNT 0.7000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 20011
71 CLOUD TYPE 0.6000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 20012
72 ATTRIBUTE OF FO 0.0000000000E+00 CODE TABLE 33041
73 HEIGHT OF BASE 0.9000000000E+03 M
74 VERTICAL SIGNIF MISSING CODE TABLE 8002
75 CLOUD AMOUNT MISSING CODE TABLE 20011
76 CLOUD TYPE MISSING CODE TABLE 20012
77 ATTRIBUTE OF FO MISSING CODE TABLE 33041
78 HEIGHT OF BASE MISSING M
79 VERTICAL SIGNIF MISSING CODE TABLE 8002
80 CLOUD AMOUNT MISSING CODE TABLE 20011
81 CLOUD TYPE MISSING CODE TABLE 20012
82 ATTRIBUTE OF FO MISSING CODE TABLE 33041
83 HEIGHT OF BASE MISSING M
84 PRESENT WEATHER 0.5080000000E+03 CODE TABLE 20003
85 TIME PERIOD OR 0.1800000000E+03 MINUTE
86 PAST WEATHER (1 0.1000000000E+02 CODE TABLE 20004
87 PAST WEATHER (2 0.1000000000E+02 CODE TABLE 20005
88 TIME SIGNIFICAN 0.2000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 8021
89 TIME PERIOD OR -0.1000000000E+02 MINUTE
90 INTENSITY OF PR MISSING KG/(M**2)S
91 SIZE OF PRECIPI MISSING M
92 TIME SIGNIFICAN MISSING CODE TABLE 8021
93 TIME PERIOD OR -0.1000000000E+02 MINUTE
94 TYPE OF PRECIPI MISSING FLAG TABLE 20021
95 CHARACTER OF PR MISSING CODE TABLE 20022
96 DURATION OF PRE MISSING MINUTE
97 OTHER WEATHER P MISSING FLAG TABLE 20023
98 INTENSITY OF PH MISSING CODE TABLE 20024
99 OBSCURATION MISSING FLAG TABLE 20025
100 CHARACTER OF OB MISSING CODE TABLE 20026
101 HEIGHT OF SENSO 0.1040000000E+02 M
102 HEIGHT OF SENSO MISSING M
103 TIME SIGNIFICAN 0.2000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 8021
104 TIME PERIOD OR -0.1000000000E+02 MINUTE
105 WIND DIRECTION 0.2800000000E+03 DEGREE TRUE
106 WIND SPEED 0.6000000000E+01 M/S
107 TIME SIGNIFICAN MISSING CODE TABLE 8021
108 TIME PERIOD OR -0.1000000000E+02 MINUTE
109 MAXIMUM WIND GU MISSING DEGREE TRUE
110 MAXIMUM WIND GU 0.9000000000E+01 M/S
111 TIME PERIOD OR -0.6000000000E+02 MINUTE
112 MAXIMUM WIND GU MISSING DEGREE TRUE
113 MAXIMUM WIND GU 0.1000000000E+02 M/S
114 TIME PERIOD OR -0.1000000000E+02 MINUTE
115 EXTREME COUNTER MISSING DEGREE TRUE
116 EXTREME CLOCKWI MISSING DEGREE TRUE
117 HEIGHT OF SENSO 0.2300000000E+01 M
118 HEIGHT OF SENSO MISSING M
119 TIME PERIOD OR -0.9000000000E+03 MINUTE
120 MAXIMUM TEMPERA MISSING K
121 MINIMUM TEMPERA 0.2868500000E+03 K
122 HEIGHT OF SENSO 0.5000000000E-01 M
123 TIME PERIOD OR -0.9000000000E+03 MINUTE
124 MINIMUM TEMPERA 0.2871500000E+03 K
125 HEIGHT OF SENSO MISSING M
126 HEIGHT OF SENSO 0.1000000000E+01 M
127 METHOD OF PRECI 0.2000000000E+01 CODE TABLE 2175

ECMWF Technical Notes 97

BUFR User’s Guide

128 METHOD OF LIQUI 0.0000000000E+00 CODE TABLE 2178

129 TIME PERIOD OR -0.6000000000E+02 MINUTE
130 TOTAL PRECIPITA 0.0000000000E+00 KG/M**2
131 HEIGHT OF SENSO MISSING M
132 METHOD OF EVAPO MISSING CODE TABLE 2185
133 TIME PERIOD OR -0.6000000000E+02 MINUTE
134 EVAPORATION/EVA MISSING KG/M**2
135 TIME PERIOD OR -0.6000000000E+02 MINUTE
136 TOTAL SUNSHINE 0.1000000000E+01 MINUTE
137 TIME PERIOD OR -0.6000000000E+02 MINUTE
138 LONG-WAVE RADIA MISSING J/M**2
139 SHORT-WAVE RADI MISSING J/M**2
140 NET RADIATION, MISSING J/M**2
141 GLOBAL SOLAR RA 0.7100000000E+06 J/M**2
142 DIFFUSE SOLAR R 0.6300000000E+06 J/M**2
143 DIRECT SOLAR RA MISSING J/M**2
144 TIME PERIOD OR -0.6000000000E+02 MINUTE
145 NUMBER OF FLASH MISSING NUMERIC

98 ECMWF Technical Notes

6.2 WMO SYNOP template

BUFR TABLES TO BE LOADED B0000000000000013000.TXT,D0000000000000013000.TXT

BUFR SECTION 0

LENGTH OF SECTION 0 (BYTES) 8

TOTAL LENGTH OF BUFR MESSAGE (BYTES) 2498
BUFR EDITION NUMBER 4

BUFR SECTION 1

LENGTH OF SECTION 1 (BYTES) 22

BUFR MASTER TABLE 0
ORIGINATING CENTRE 89
ORIGINATING SUB-CENTRE 0
UPDATE SEQUENCE NUMBER 0
FLAG (PRESENCE OF SECTION 2) 0
DATA CATEGORY 0
DATA SUB-CATEGORY 0
LOCAL DATA SUB-CATEGORY 0
VERSION NUMBER OF MASTER TABLE 13
VERSION NUMBER OF LOCAL TABLE 0
YEAR 2007
MONTH 10
DAY 10
HOUR 20
MINUTE 0
SECOND 0

BUUKEY : KEY DEFINITION NOT KNOWN

PRTKEY : RDB KEY NOT DEFINED IN SECTION 2.

BUFR SECTION 3

LENGTH OF SECTION 3 (BYTES) 10

RESERVED 0
NUMBER OF DATA SUBSETS 36
FLAG (DATA TYPE/DATA COMPRESSION) 64

DATA DESCRIPTORS (UNEXPANDED)

1 307080

DATA DESCRIPTORS (EXPANDED)

1 001001 WMO BLOCK NUMBER

ECMWF Technical Notes 99

BUFR User’s Guide

41 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD

42 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
43 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
44 020012 CLOUD TYPE
45 020013 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD
46 031001 DELAYED DESCRIPTOR REPLICATION FACTOR
47 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
48 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
49 020012 CLOUD TYPE
50 020014 HEIGHT OF TOP OF CLOUD
51 020017 CLOUD TOP DESCRIPTION
52 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
53 020054 TRUE DIRECTION FROM WHICH CLOUDS ARE MOVING
54 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
55 020054 TRUE DIRECTION FROM WHICH CLOUDS ARE MOVING
56 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
57 020054 TRUE DIRECTION FROM WHICH CLOUDS ARE MOVING
58 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
59 005021 BEARING OR AZIMUTH
60 007021 ELEVATION (SEE NOTE 2)
61 020012 CLOUD TYPE
62 005021 BEARING OR AZIMUTH
63 007021 ELEVATION (SEE NOTE 2)
64 020062 STATE OF THE GROUND (WITH OR WITHOUT SNOW)
65 013013 TOTAL SNOW DEPTH
66 012113 GROUND MINIMUM TEMPERATURE, PAST 12 HOURS
67 020003 PRESENT WEATHER (SEE NOTE 1)
68 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
69 020004 PAST WEATHER (1) (SEE NOTE 2)
70 020005 PAST WEATHER (2) (SEE NOTE 2)
71 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
72 014031 TOTAL SUNSHINE
73 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
74 014031 TOTAL SUNSHINE
75 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
76 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
77 013011 TOTAL PRECIPITATION/TOTAL WATER EQUIVALENT
78 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
79 013011 TOTAL PRECIPITATION/TOTAL WATER EQUIVALENT
80 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
81 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
82 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
83 012111 MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE, AT HEIGHT AND OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
84 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
85 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
86 012112 MINIMUM TEMPERATURE, AT HEIGHT AND OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
87 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
88 002002 TYPE OF INSTRUMENTATION FOR WIND MEASUREMENT
89 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE
90 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
91 011001 WIND DIRECTION
92 011002 WIND SPEED
93 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE
94 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
95 011043 MAXIMUM WIND GUST DIRECTION
96 011041 MAXIMUM WIND GUST SPEED
97 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
98 011043 MAXIMUM WIND GUST DIRECTION
99 011041 MAXIMUM WIND GUST SPEED
100 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
101 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
102 002004 TYPE OF INSTRUMENTATION FOR EVAPORATION MEASUREMENT OR TYPE OF C
103 013033 EVAPORATION/EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
104 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
105 014002 LONG-WAVE RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
106 014004 SHORT-WAVE RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
107 014016 NET RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
108 014028 GLOBAL SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACCURACY), INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD S
109 014029 DIFFUSE SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACCURACY), INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD
110 014030 DIRECT SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACCURACY), INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD S
111 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
112 014002 LONG-WAVE RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
113 014004 SHORT-WAVE RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
114 014016 NET RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
115 014028 GLOBAL SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACCURACY), INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD S
116 014029 DIFFUSE SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACCURACY), INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD
117 014030 DIRECT SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACCURACY), INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD S
118 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
119 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
120 012049 TEMPERATURE CHANGE OVER SPECIFIED PERIOD

STARTING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : 1

ENDING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : 1

1 WMO BLOCK NUMBER 0.11000000000000E+002 NUMERIC

2 WMO STATION NUMBER 0.42300000000000E+003 NUMERIC
3 STATION OR SITE NAME 0.10200000000000E+004 CCITTIA5 Primda
4 TYPE OF STATION 0.10000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 2001
5 YEAR 0.20070000000000E+004 YEAR
6 MONTH 0.10000000000000E+002 MONTH
7 DAY 0.10000000000000E+002 DAY
8 HOUR 0.20000000000000E+002 HOUR
9 MINUTE 0.00000000000000E+000 MINUTE

100 ECMWF Technical Notes

6.2 WMO SYNOP template

10 LATITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY) 0.49669440000000E+002 DEGREE

11 LONGITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY) 0.12677780000000E+002 DEGREE
12 HEIGHT OF STATION GROUND ABOVE M 0.74220000000000E+003 M
13 HEIGHT OF BAROMETER ABOVE MEAN S 0.74700000000000E+003 M
14 PRESSURE 0.93770000000000E+005 PA
15 PRESSURE REDUCED TO MEAN SEA LEV MISSING PA
16 3-HOUR PRESSURE CHANGE 0.90000000000000E+002 PA
17 CHARACTERISTIC OF PRESSURE TENDE 0.20000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 10063
18 24-HOUR PRESSURE CHANGE MISSING PA
19 PRESSURE 0.92500000000000E+005 PA
20 GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT 0.86000000000000E+003 GPM
21 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GRO 0.19500000000000E+001 M
22 TEMPERATURE/DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE 0.27945000000000E+003 K
23 DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE 0.27745000000000E+003 K
24 RELATIVE HUMIDITY 0.87000000000000E+002 %
25 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GRO 0.48000000000000E+001 M
26 HORIZONTAL VISIBILITY 0.13000000000000E+005 M
27 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GRO 0.11200000000000E+001 M
28 TOTAL PRECIPITATION PAST 24 HOUR MISSING KG/M**2
29 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GRO MISSING M
30 CLOUD COVER (TOTAL) 0.13000000000000E+002 %
31 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE O 0.70000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 8002
32 CLOUD AMOUNT 0.10000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 20011
33 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD 0.99000000000000E+003 M
34 CLOUD TYPE 0.35000000000000E+002 CODE TABLE 20012
35 CLOUD TYPE 0.20000000000000E+002 CODE TABLE 20012
36 CLOUD TYPE 0.11000000000000E+002 CODE TABLE 20012
37 DELAYED DESCRIPTOR REPLICATION F 0.20000000000000E+001 NUMERIC
38 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE O 0.10000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 8002
39 CLOUD AMOUNT 0.10000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 20011
40 CLOUD TYPE 0.60000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 20012
41 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD 0.99000000000000E+003 M
42 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE O MISSING CODE TABLE 8002
43 CLOUD AMOUNT MISSING CODE TABLE 20011
44 CLOUD TYPE MISSING CODE TABLE 20012
45 HEIGHT OF BASE OF CLOUD MISSING M
46 DELAYED DESCRIPTOR REPLICATION F 0.10000000000000E+001 NUMERIC
47 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE O MISSING CODE TABLE 8002
48 CLOUD AMOUNT MISSING CODE TABLE 20011
49 CLOUD TYPE MISSING CODE TABLE 20012
50 HEIGHT OF TOP OF CLOUD MISSING M
51 CLOUD TOP DESCRIPTION MISSING CODE TABLE 20017
52 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE O 0.70000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 8002
53 TRUE DIRECTION FROM WHICH CLOUDS MISSING DEGREE TRUE
54 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE O 0.80000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 8002
55 TRUE DIRECTION FROM WHICH CLOUDS MISSING DEGREE TRUE
56 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE O 0.90000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 8002
57 TRUE DIRECTION FROM WHICH CLOUDS MISSING DEGREE TRUE
58 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE O MISSING CODE TABLE 8002
59 BEARING OR AZIMUTH MISSING DEGREE TRUE
60 ELEVATION (SEE NOTE 2) MISSING DEGREE
61 CLOUD TYPE MISSING CODE TABLE 20012
62 BEARING OR AZIMUTH MISSING DEGREE TRUE
63 ELEVATION (SEE NOTE 2) MISSING DEGREE
64 STATE OF THE GROUND (WITH OR WIT MISSING CODE TABLE 20062
65 TOTAL SNOW DEPTH MISSING M
66 GROUND MINIMUM TEMPERATURE, PAST MISSING K
67 PRESENT WEATHER (SEE NOTE 1) 0.50800000000000E+003 CODE TABLE 20003
68 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT -0.10000000000000E+001 HOUR
69 PAST WEATHER (1) (SEE NOTE 2) 0.10000000000000E+002 CODE TABLE 20004
70 PAST WEATHER (2) (SEE NOTE 2) 0.10000000000000E+002 CODE TABLE 20005
71 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT -0.10000000000000E+001 HOUR
72 TOTAL SUNSHINE MISSING MINUTE
73 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT -0.24000000000000E+002 HOUR
74 TOTAL SUNSHINE MISSING MINUTE
75 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GRO 0.11200000000000E+001 M
76 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT MISSING HOUR
77 TOTAL PRECIPITATION/TOTAL WATER MISSING KG/M**2
78 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT -0.10000000000000E+001 HOUR
79 TOTAL PRECIPITATION/TOTAL WATER 0.00000000000000E+000 KG/M**2
80 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GRO 0.19500000000000E+001 M
81 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT -0.12000000000000E+002 HOUR
82 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT 0.00000000000000E+000 HOUR
83 MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE, AT HEIGHT A MISSING K
84 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT -0.12000000000000E+002 HOUR
85 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT 0.00000000000000E+000 HOUR
86 MINIMUM TEMPERATURE, AT HEIGHT A MISSING K
87 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GRO 0.10250000000000E+002 M
88 TYPE OF INSTRUMENTATION FOR WIND 0.80000000000000E+001 FLAG TABLE 2002
89 TIME SIGNIFICANCE 0.20000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 8021
90 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT -0.10000000000000E+002 MINUTE
91 WIND DIRECTION 0.90000000000000E+002 DEGREE TRUE
92 WIND SPEED 0.40000000000000E+001 M/S
93 TIME SIGNIFICANCE MISSING CODE TABLE 8021
94 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT -0.10000000000000E+002 MINUTE
95 MAXIMUM WIND GUST DIRECTION MISSING DEGREE TRUE
96 MAXIMUM WIND GUST SPEED MISSING M/S
97 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT -0.60000000000000E+002 MINUTE
98 MAXIMUM WIND GUST DIRECTION MISSING DEGREE TRUE
99 MAXIMUM WIND GUST SPEED MISSING M/S
100 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GRO MISSING M
101 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT -0.24000000000000E+002 HOUR
102 TYPE OF INSTRUMENTATION FOR EVAP MISSING CODE TABLE 2004

ECMWF Technical Notes 101

BUFR User’s Guide

103 EVAPORATION/EVAPOTRANSPIRATION MISSING KG/M**2

104 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT -0.10000000000000E+001 HOUR
105 LONG-WAVE RADIATION, INTEGRATED MISSING J/M**2
106 SHORT-WAVE RADIATION, INTEGRATED MISSING J/M**2
107 NET RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER P MISSING J/M**2
108 GLOBAL SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACC MISSING J/M**2
109 DIFFUSE SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH AC MISSING J/M**2
110 DIRECT SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACC MISSING J/M**2
111 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT -0.24000000000000E+002 HOUR
112 LONG-WAVE RADIATION, INTEGRATED MISSING J/M**2
113 SHORT-WAVE RADIATION, INTEGRATED MISSING J/M**2
114 NET RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER P MISSING J/M**2
115 GLOBAL SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACC MISSING J/M**2
116 DIFFUSE SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH AC MISSING J/M**2
117 DIRECT SOLAR RADIATION (HIGH ACC MISSING J/M**2
118 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT MISSING HOUR
119 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT MISSING HOUR
120 TEMPERATURE CHANGE OVER SPECIFIE MISSING K

102 ECMWF Technical Notes

6.3 WMO BUOY template

ECMWF

BUFR DECODING SOFTWARE VERSION - 7.2

1 APRIL 2007.

Your path for bufr tables is :

/home/ma/maa/bigtmp/wmo_bufr_crex_000250/bufr_000360/bufrtables/
BUFR TABLES TO BE LOADED B0000000000000011000.TXT,D0000000000000011000.TXT

BUFR SECTION 0

LENGTH OF SECTION 0 (BYTES) 8

TOTAL LENGTH OF BUFR MESSAGE (BYTES) 380
BUFR EDITION NUMBER 3

BUFR SECTION 1

LENGTH OF SECTION 1 (BYTES) 18

BUFR EDITION NUMBER 3
ORIGINATING SUB-CENTRE 0
ORIGINATING CENTRE 216
UPDATE SEQUENCE NUMBER 1
FLAG (PRESENCE OF SECTION 2) 0
BUFR MESSAGE TYPE 1
BUFR MESSAGE SUBTYPE 0
VERSION NUMBER OF LOCAL TABLE 0
YEAR 5
MONTH 5
DAY 4
HOUR 5
MINUTE 44
VERSION NUMBER OF MASTER TABLE 11
BUFR MASTER TABLE 0

BUUKEY : KEY DEFINITION NOT KNOWN

PRTKEY : RDB KEY NOT DEFINED IN SECTION 2.

BUFR SECTION 3

LENGTH OF SECTION 3 (BYTES) 176

RESERVED 0
NUMBER OF DATA SUBSETS 1
FLAG (DATA TYPE/DATA COMPRESSION) 128

DATA DESCRIPTORS (UNEXPANDED)

1 001003
2 001020
3 001005
4 002001
5 002036
6 002149
7 301011
8 301012
9 008021
10 301011
11 301012
12 008021
13 301021
14 027004
15 028004
16 007030
17 001051
18 002148
19 001012
20 001014
21 002040
22 033022
23 033023
24 033027
25 022063
26 302021
27 302022
28 302023
29 008081
30 025026
31 008081
32 025026
33 008081
34 025026
35 008081
36 002034
37 022060

ECMWF Technical Notes 103

BUFR User’s Guide

38 007070
39 002190
40 025086
41 002035
42 002168
43 020031
44 002038
45 306004
46 002030
47 306005
48 007031
49 008081
50 012064
51 302001
52 008081
53 007032
54 007033
55 012101
56 012103
57 013003
58 007032
59 007033
60 008082
61 007033
62 002169
63 002002
64 008021
65 004025
66 011001
67 011002
68 008021
69 004025
70 011043
71 011041
72 008082
73 007033
74 007032
75 004024
76 013011
77 007032
78 008021
79 004024
80 014021
81 008021
82 025028
83 025028
84 025028

DATA DESCRIPTORS (EXPANDED)

1 001003 WMO REGION NUMBER/GEOGRAPHICAL AREA

2 001020 WMO REGION SUB-AREA
3 001005 BUOY/PLATFORM IDENTIFIER
4 002001 TYPE OF STATION
5 002036 BUOY TYPE
6 002149 TYPE OF DATA BUOY
7 004001 YEAR
8 004002 MONTH
9 004003 DAY
10 004004 HOUR
11 004005 MINUTE
12 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE
13 004001 YEAR
14 004002 MONTH
15 004003 DAY
16 004004 HOUR
17 004005 MINUTE
18 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE
19 005001 LATITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY)
20 006001 LONGITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY)
21 027004 ALTERNATE LATITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY)
22 028004 ALTERNATE LONGITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY)
23 007030 HEIGHT OF STATION GROUND ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL (SEE NOTE 3)
24 001051 PLATFORM TRANSMITTER ID NUMBER
25 002148 DATA COLLECTION AND/OR LOCATION SYSTEM
26 001012 DIRECTION OF MOTION OF MOVING OBSERVING PLATFORM**
27 001014 PLATFORM DRIFT SPEED (HIGH PRECISION)
28 002040 METHOD OF REMOVING VELOCITY AND MOTION OF PLATFORM FROM CURRENT
29 033022 QUALITY OF BUOY SATELLITE TRANSMISSION
30 033023 QUALITY OF BUOY LOCATION
31 033027 LOCATION QUALITY CLASS (RANGE OF RADIUS OF 66 % CONFIDENCE)
32 022063 TOTAL WATER DEPTH
33 022001 DIRECTION OF WAVES
34 022011 PERIOD OF WAVES
35 022021 HEIGHT OF WAVES
36 022002 DIRECTION OF WIND WAVES
37 022012 PERIOD OF WIND WAVES
38 022022 HEIGHT OF WIND WAVES
39 022003 DIRECTION OF SWELL WAVES
40 022013 PERIOD OF SWELL WAVES
41 022023 HEIGHT OF SWELL WAVES
42 008081 TYPE OF EQUIPMENT

104 ECMWF Technical Notes

6.3 WMO BUOY template

43 025026 BATTERY VOLTAGE (LARGE RANGE)

44 008081 TYPE OF EQUIPMENT
45 025026 BATTERY VOLTAGE (LARGE RANGE)
46 008081 TYPE OF EQUIPMENT
47 025026 BATTERY VOLTAGE (LARGE RANGE)
48 008081 TYPE OF EQUIPMENT
49 002034 DROGUE TYPE
50 022060 LAGRANGIAN DRIFTER DROGUE STATUS
51 007070 DROGUE DEPTH
52 002190 LAGRANGIAN DRIFTER SUBMERGENCE (% TIME SUBMERGED)
53 025086 DEPTH CORRECTION INDICATOR
54 002035 CABLE LENGTH
55 002168 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE OF LOWER END OF CABLE (THERMISTOR STRING)
56 020031 ICE DEPOSIT (THICKNESS)
57 002038 METHOD OF WATER TEMPERATURE AND/OR SALINITY MEASUREMENT
58 002032 INDICATOR FOR DIGITIZATION
59 002033 METHOD OF SALINITY/DEPTH MEASUREMENT
60 031001 DELAYED DESCRIPTOR REPLICATION FACTOR
61 007062 DEPTH BELOW SEA/WATER SURFACE
62 022043 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE
63 022062 SALINITY
64 007062 DEPTH BELOW SEA/WATER SURFACE
65 022043 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE
66 022062 SALINITY
67 007062 DEPTH BELOW SEA/WATER SURFACE
68 022043 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE
69 022062 SALINITY
70 007062 DEPTH BELOW SEA/WATER SURFACE
71 022043 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE
72 022062 SALINITY
73 007062 DEPTH BELOW SEA/WATER SURFACE
74 022043 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE
75 022062 SALINITY
76 007062 DEPTH BELOW SEA/WATER SURFACE
77 022043 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE
78 022062 SALINITY
79 007062 DEPTH BELOW SEA/WATER SURFACE
80 022043 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE
81 022062 SALINITY
82 002030 METHOD OF CURRENT MEASUREMENT
83 002031 DURATION AND TIME OF CURRENT MEASUREMENT
84 031001 DELAYED DESCRIPTOR REPLICATION FACTOR
85 007031 HEIGHT OF BAROMETER ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL (SEE NOTE 4)
86 008081 TYPE OF EQUIPMENT
87 012064 INSTRUMENT TEMPERATURE
88 010004 PRESSURE
89 010051 PRESSURE REDUCED TO MEAN SEA LEVEL
90 010061 3-HOUR PRESSURE CHANGE
91 010063 CHARACTERISTIC OF PRESSURE TENDENCY
92 008081 TYPE OF EQUIPMENT
93 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
94 007033 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE WATER SURFACE (SEE NOTE 6)
95 012101 TEMPERATURE/DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE
96 012103 DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE
97 013003 RELATIVE HUMIDITY
98 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
99 007033 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE WATER SURFACE (SEE NOTE 6)
100 008082 (CBS) ARTIFICIAL CORRECTION OF SENSOR HEIGHT TO ANOTHER VALUE
101 007033 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE WATER SURFACE (SEE NOTE 6)
102 002169 ANEMOMETER TYPE
103 002002 TYPE OF INSTRUMENTATION FOR WIND MEASUREMENT
104 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE
105 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
106 011001 WIND DIRECTION
107 011002 WIND SPEED
108 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE
109 004025 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
110 011043 MAXIMUM WIND GUST DIRECTION
111 011041 MAXIMUM WIND GUST SPEED
112 008082 (CBS) ARTIFICIAL CORRECTION OF SENSOR HEIGHT TO ANOTHER VALUE
113 007033 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE WATER SURFACE (SEE NOTE 6)
114 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
115 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
116 013011 TOTAL PRECIPITATION/TOTAL WATER EQUIVALENT
117 007032 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GROUND (OR DECK OF MARINE PLATFORM)
118 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE
119 004024 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
120 014021 GLOBAL SOLAR RADIATION, INTEGRATED OVER PERIOD SPECIFIED
121 008021 TIME SIGNIFICANCE
122 025028 OPERATOR OR MANUFACTURER DEFINED PARAMETER
123 025028 OPERATOR OR MANUFACTURER DEFINED PARAMETER
124 025028 OPERATOR OR MANUFACTURER DEFINED PARAMETER

STARTING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : 1

ENDING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : 1

1 WMO REGION NUMBER/GEOGRAPHICAL A 0.50000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 1003

2 WMO REGION SUB-AREA 0.20000000000000E+001 NUMERIC
3 BUOY/PLATFORM IDENTIFIER 0.87000000000000E+002 NUMERIC
4 TYPE OF STATION 0.00000000000000E+000 CODE TABLE 2001
5 BUOY TYPE 0.10000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 2036
6 TYPE OF DATA BUOY 0.22000000000000E+002 CODE TABLE 2149
7 YEAR 0.20050000000000E+004 YEAR

ECMWF Technical Notes 105

BUFR User’s Guide

8 MONTH 0.50000000000000E+001 MONTH

9 DAY 0.40000000000000E+001 DAY
10 HOUR 0.30000000000000E+001 HOUR
11 MINUTE 0.00000000000000E+000 MINUTE
12 TIME SIGNIFICANCE 0.26000000000000E+002 CODE TABLE 8021
13 YEAR 0.20050000000000E+004 YEAR
14 MONTH 0.50000000000000E+001 MONTH
15 DAY 0.40000000000000E+001 DAY
16 HOUR 0.20000000000000E+001 HOUR
17 MINUTE 0.45000000000000E+002 MINUTE
18 TIME SIGNIFICANCE MISSING CODE TABLE 8021
19 LATITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY) 0.76470400000000E+001 DEGREE
20 LONGITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY) 0.13669994000000E+003 DEGREE
21 ALTERNATE LATITUDE (HIGH ACCURAC 0.16604050000000E+002 DEGREE
22 ALTERNATE LONGITUDE (HIGH ACCURA 0.96866300000000E+002 DEGREE
23 HEIGHT OF STATION GROUND ABOVE M 0.00000000000000E+000 M
24 PLATFORM TRANSMITTER ID NUMBER 0.10120000000000E+004 CCITTIA5 03595
25 DATA COLLECTION AND/OR LOCATION 0.10000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 2148
26 DIRECTION OF MOTION OF MOVING OB MISSING DEGREE TRUE
27 PLATFORM DRIFT SPEED (HIGH PRECI MISSING M/S
28 METHOD OF REMOVING VELOCITY AND MISSING CODE TABLE 2040
29 QUALITY OF BUOY SATELLITE TRANSM 0.00000000000000E+000 CODE TABLE 33022
30 QUALITY OF BUOY LOCATION 0.00000000000000E+000 CODE TABLE 33023
31 LOCATION QUALITY CLASS (RANGE OF 0.10000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 33027
32 TOTAL WATER DEPTH MISSING M
33 DIRECTION OF WAVES MISSING DEGREE TRUE
34 PERIOD OF WAVES MISSING S
35 HEIGHT OF WAVES MISSING M
36 DIRECTION OF WIND WAVES MISSING DEGREE TRUE
37 PERIOD OF WIND WAVES MISSING S
38 HEIGHT OF WIND WAVES MISSING M
39 DIRECTION OF SWELL WAVES MISSING DEGREE TRUE
40 PERIOD OF SWELL WAVES MISSING S
41 HEIGHT OF SWELL WAVES MISSING M
42 TYPE OF EQUIPMENT MISSING CODE TABLE 8081
43 BATTERY VOLTAGE (LARGE RANGE) MISSING V
44 TYPE OF EQUIPMENT MISSING CODE TABLE 8081
45 BATTERY VOLTAGE (LARGE RANGE) MISSING V
46 TYPE OF EQUIPMENT MISSING CODE TABLE 8081
47 BATTERY VOLTAGE (LARGE RANGE) MISSING V
48 TYPE OF EQUIPMENT MISSING CODE TABLE 8081
49 DROGUE TYPE MISSING CODE TABLE 2034
50 LAGRANGIAN DRIFTER DROGUE STATUS MISSING CODE TABLE 22060
51 DROGUE DEPTH MISSING M
52 LAGRANGIAN DRIFTER SUBMERGENCE ( MISSING %
53 DEPTH CORRECTION INDICATOR 0.00000000000000E+000 CODE TABLE 25086
54 CABLE LENGTH 0.00000000000000E+000 M
55 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE OF LOWER EN MISSING PA
56 ICE DEPOSIT (THICKNESS) MISSING M
57 METHOD OF WATER TEMPERATURE AND/ MISSING CODE TABLE 2038
58 INDICATOR FOR DIGITIZATION MISSING CODE TABLE 2032
59 METHOD OF SALINITY/DEPTH MEASURE MISSING CODE TABLE 2033
60 DELAYED DESCRIPTOR REPLICATION F 0.70000000000000E+001 NUMERIC
61 DEPTH BELOW SEA/WATER SURFACE 0.15000000000000E+001 M
62 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE 0.30242000000000E+003 K
63 SALINITY 0.34140000000000E+002 PART PER THOUSAND
64 DEPTH BELOW SEA/WATER SURFACE 0.25000000000000E+002 M
65 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE 0.30224000000000E+003 K
66 SALINITY 0.34200000000000E+002 PART PER THOUSAND
67 DEPTH BELOW SEA/WATER SURFACE 0.50000000000000E+002 M
68 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE 0.30223000000000E+003 K
69 SALINITY 0.34220000000000E+002 PART PER THOUSAND
70 DEPTH BELOW SEA/WATER SURFACE 0.75000000000000E+002 M
71 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE 0.29922000000000E+003 K
72 SALINITY 0.34530000000000E+002 PART PER THOUSAND
73 DEPTH BELOW SEA/WATER SURFACE 0.10000000000000E+003 M
74 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE 0.29576000000000E+003 K
75 SALINITY 0.34820000000000E+002 PART PER THOUSAND
76 DEPTH BELOW SEA/WATER SURFACE 0.30000000000000E+003 M
77 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE 0.28255000000000E+003 K
78 SALINITY 0.34540000000000E+002 PART PER THOUSAND
79 DEPTH BELOW SEA/WATER SURFACE 0.75000000000000E+003 M
80 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE 0.27962000000000E+003 K
81 SALINITY 0.34530000000000E+002 PART PER THOUSAND
82 METHOD OF CURRENT MEASUREMENT MISSING CODE TABLE 2030
83 DURATION AND TIME OF CURRENT MEA MISSING CODE TABLE 2031
84 DELAYED DESCRIPTOR REPLICATION F 0.00000000000000E+000 NUMERIC
85 HEIGHT OF BAROMETER ABOVE MEAN S MISSING M
86 TYPE OF EQUIPMENT MISSING CODE TABLE 8081
87 INSTRUMENT TEMPERATURE MISSING K
88 PRESSURE MISSING PA
89 PRESSURE REDUCED TO MEAN SEA LEV MISSING PA
90 3-HOUR PRESSURE CHANGE MISSING PA
91 CHARACTERISTIC OF PRESSURE TENDE MISSING CODE TABLE 10063
92 TYPE OF EQUIPMENT MISSING CODE TABLE 8081
93 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GRO MISSING M
94 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE WATER SUR MISSING M
95 TEMPERATURE/DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE MISSING K
96 DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE MISSING K
97 RELATIVE HUMIDITY MISSING %
98 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GRO MISSING M
99 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE WATER SUR MISSING M
100 (CBS) ARTIFICIAL CORRECTION OF S MISSING CODE TABLE 8082

106 ECMWF Technical Notes

6.3 WMO BUOY template

101 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE WATER SUR MISSING M

102 ANEMOMETER TYPE MISSING CODE TABLE 2169
103 TYPE OF INSTRUMENTATION FOR WIND MISSING FLAG TABLE 2002
104 TIME SIGNIFICANCE 0.20000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 8021
105 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT MISSING MINUTE
106 WIND DIRECTION MISSING DEGREE TRUE
107 WIND SPEED MISSING M/S
108 TIME SIGNIFICANCE MISSING CODE TABLE 8021
109 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT MISSING MINUTE
110 MAXIMUM WIND GUST DIRECTION MISSING DEGREE TRUE
111 MAXIMUM WIND GUST SPEED MISSING M/S
112 (CBS) ARTIFICIAL CORRECTION OF S MISSING CODE TABLE 8082
113 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE WATER SUR MISSING M
114 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GRO MISSING M
115 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT MISSING HOUR
116 TOTAL PRECIPITATION/TOTAL WATER MISSING KG/M**2
117 HEIGHT OF SENSOR ABOVE LOCAL GRO MISSING M
118 TIME SIGNIFICANCE 0.30000000000000E+001 CODE TABLE 8021
119 TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT MISSING HOUR
120 GLOBAL SOLAR RADIATION, INTEGRAT MISSING J/M**2
121 TIME SIGNIFICANCE MISSING CODE TABLE 8021
122 OPERATOR OR MANUFACTURER DEFINED MISSING NUMERIC
123 OPERATOR OR MANUFACTURER DEFINED MISSING NUMERIC
124 OPERATOR OR MANUFACTURER DEFINED MISSING NUMERIC

ECMWF Technical Notes 107

BUFR User’s Guide

6.4 WMO CLIMATE SYNOP template

ECMWF

BUFR DECODING SOFTWARE VERSION - 7.1

07 June 2005.

Your path for bufr tables is :

/bigtmp/wmo_bufr_crex_000250/bufr_000270/bufrtables/
BUFR TABLES TO BE LOADED B0000000000098012000,D0000000000098012000
1
BUFR SECTION 0

LENGTH OF SECTION 0 (BYTES) 8

TOTAL LENGTH OF BUFR MESSAGE (BYTES) 492
BUFR EDITION NUMBER 3
1
BUFR SECTION 1

LENGTH OF SECTION 1 (BYTES) 24

BUFR EDITION NUMBER 3
ORIGINATING SUB-CENTRE 0
ORIGINATING CENTRE 89
UPDATE SEQUENCE NUMBER 0
FLAG (PRESENCE OF SECTION 2) 0
BUFR MESSAGE TYPE 0
BUFR MESSAGE SUBTYPE 0
VERSION NUMBER OF LOCAL TABLE 0
YEAR 3
MONTH 11
DAY 1
HOUR 0
MINUTE 0
VERSION NUMBER OF MASTER TABLE 12
BUFR MASTER TABLE 0

BUUKEY : KEY DEFINITION NOT KNOWN

PRTKEY : RDB KEY NOT DEFINED IN SECTION 2.

1
BUFR SECTION 3

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108 ECMWF Technical Notes

6.4 WMO CLIMATE SYNOP template

/home/ma/maa/bigtmp/wmo_bufr_crex_000250/bufr_000270/bufrtables
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114 ECMWF Technical Notes

6.5 WMO SAREP template

4 004002 MONTH
5 004003 DAY
6 004004 HOUR
7 004005 MINUTE
8 001007 SATELLITE IDENTIFIER
9 001033 IDENTIFICATION OF ORIGINATING/GENERATING CENTRE
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11 031001 DELAYED DESCRIPTOR REPLICATION FACTOR
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17 006002 LONGITUDE (COARSE ACCURACY)
18 008005 METEOROLOGICAL ATTRIBUTE SIGNIFICANCE
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21 019006 SPEED OF MOTION OF FEATURE
22 019108 ACCURACY OF GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION OF THE TROPICAL CYCLONE
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25 019111 CURRENT INTENSITY (CI) NUMBER OF THE TROPICAL CYCLONE
26 019112 DATA TROPICAL (DT) NUMBER OF TROPICAL CYCLONES
27 019113 CLOUD PATTERN TYPE OF DT-NUMBER
28 019114 MODEL EXPECTED TROPICAL CYCLONE (MET) number of THE TROPICAL CYC
29 019115 TREND OF PAST 24-HOUR CHANGE (+: DEVELOPED,-:WEAKENED)
30 019116 PATTERN PROPICAL (PT) NUMBER OF THE TROPICAL CYCLONE
31 019117 CLOUDE PICTURE TYPE OF THE PT-NUMBER
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33 019119 TYPE OF THE FINAL T-NUMBER

STARTING SUBSET TO BE PRINTED : 1

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1 WMO BLOCK NUMBE 0.4700000000E+02 NUMERIC

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6 HOUR 0.0000000000E+00 HOUR
7 MINUTE 0.0000000000E+00 MINUTE
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9 IDENTIFICATION 0.3400000000E+02 CODE TABLE 1033
10 SATELLITE INTEN 0.2000000000E+01 CODE TABLE
11 DELAYED DESCRIP 0.1000000000E+01 NUMERIC
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21 SPEED OF MOTION 0.4120000000E+01 M/S
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32 FINAL TROPICAL 0.7000000000E+01 NUMERIC
33 TYPE OF THE FIN 0.1000000000E+01 CODE TABLE

ECMWF Technical Notes 115

BUFR User’s Guide

6.6 WMO TEMP template

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10 004002 MONTH
11 004003 DAY
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13 004005 MINUTE
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16 006001 LONGITUDE (HIGH ACCURACY)
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18 007031 HEIGHT OF BAROMETER ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL (SEE NOTE 4)
19 007007 HEIGHT
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21 008002 VERTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (SURFACE OBSERVATIONS)
22 020011 CLOUD AMOUNT
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28 022043 SEA/WATER TEMPERATURE
29 031002 EXTENDED DELAYED DESCRIPTOR REPLICATION FACTOR
30 004086 LONG TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
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32 007004 PRESSURE
33 010009 GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT
34 005015 LATITUDE DISPLACEMENT (HIGH ACCURACY)
35 006015 LONGITUDE DISPLACEMENT (HIGH ACCURACY)
36 012101 TEMPERATURE/DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE
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38 011001 WIND DIRECTION
39 011002 WIND SPEED
40 004086 LONG TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
41 008042 EXTENDED VERTICAL SOUNDING SIGNIFICANCE

116 ECMWF Technical Notes

124 ECMWF Technical Notes

6.6 WMO TEMP template

786 012101 TEMPERATURE/DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE

787 012103 DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE
788 011001 WIND DIRECTION
789 011002 WIND SPEED
790 004086 LONG TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
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792 007004 PRESSURE
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795 006015 LONGITUDE DISPLACEMENT (HIGH ACCURACY)
796 012101 TEMPERATURE/DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE
797 012103 DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE
798 011001 WIND DIRECTION
799 011002 WIND SPEED
800 004086 LONG TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
801 008042 EXTENDED VERTICAL SOUNDING SIGNIFICANCE
802 007004 PRESSURE
803 010009 GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT
804 005015 LATITUDE DISPLACEMENT (HIGH ACCURACY)
805 006015 LONGITUDE DISPLACEMENT (HIGH ACCURACY)
806 012101 TEMPERATURE/DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE
807 012103 DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE
808 011001 WIND DIRECTION
809 011002 WIND SPEED
810 004086 LONG TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
811 008042 EXTENDED VERTICAL SOUNDING SIGNIFICANCE
812 007004 PRESSURE
813 010009 GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT
814 005015 LATITUDE DISPLACEMENT (HIGH ACCURACY)
815 006015 LONGITUDE DISPLACEMENT (HIGH ACCURACY)
816 012101 TEMPERATURE/DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE
817 012103 DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE
818 011001 WIND DIRECTION
819 011002 WIND SPEED
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821 004086 LONG TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
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825 006015 LONGITUDE DISPLACEMENT (HIGH ACCURACY)
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827 011062 ABSOLUTE WIND SHEAR IN 1 KM LAYER ABOVE
828 004086 LONG TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
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830 007004 PRESSURE
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832 006015 LONGITUDE DISPLACEMENT (HIGH ACCURACY)
833 011061 ABSOLUTE WIND SHEAR IN 1 KM LAYER BELOW
834 011062 ABSOLUTE WIND SHEAR IN 1 KM LAYER ABOVE
835 004086 LONG TIME PERIOD OR DISPLACEMENT
836 008042 EXTENDED VERTICAL SOUNDING SIGNIFICANCE
837 007004 PRESSURE
838 005015 LATITUDE DISPLACEMENT (HIGH ACCURACY)
839 006015 LONGITUDE DISPLACEMENT (HIGH ACCURACY)
840 011061 ABSOLUTE WIND SHEAR IN 1 KM LAYER BELOW
841 011062 ABSOLUTE WIND SHEAR IN 1 KM LAYER ABOVE

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