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 SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY P2

2018

MARKS: 150

TIME: 3 hours

This question paper consists of 17 pages.

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INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. This question paper consists of SIX sections:

SECTION A: Short Questions (16)

SECTION B: Systems Technologies (24)
SECTION C: Communication and Network Technologies (22)
SECTION D: Data and Information Management (23)
SECTION E: Solution Development (25)
SECTION F: Integrated Scenario (40)

2. Answer ALL the questions.

3. Read ALL the questions carefully.

4. The mark allocation generally gives an indication of the number of

facts/reasons required.

5. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.

6. Write neatly and legibly.

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SECTION A: SHORT QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1

Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose
the answer and write only the letter (A to D) next to the question numbers
(1.1.1 to 1.1.3 and 1.2.1 to 1.2.2) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.1.4 D.

1.1 1.1.1 The most common protocol used to send e-mail is known as …

A POP3
B FTP
C SMTP
D VoIP (1)

1.1.2 Which ONE of the following refers to an encryption process used to

authenticate the identity of the sender of an e-mail message?

A Digital certificate
B Digital fingerprint
C Digital handshake
D Digital signature (1)

1.1.3 Which ONE of the following refers to a data structure that is

non-volatile?

A String
B One-dimensional array
C Two-dimensional array
D Text file (1)

1.2 1.2.1 The following declaration statements are provided:

var
K : integer;
R : real;

The assignment statements below have been coded:

(i) K := 25 div 4;
(ii) K := R + 2;
(iii) K := R div 5;
(iv) R := 15 mod 4;

Which of the above assignment statements will cause a compilation/

syntax error?

A (i) and (iii)

B (i) and (iv)
C (ii) and (iii)
D (ii) and (iv) (2)

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1.2.2 Determine the value of sAnswer after the execution of the

statements below.

sLine := 'Information Technology is great';

sAnswer := copy(sLine, pos('n',sLine)-1, 4);
Insert('T',sAnswer, 2);

A nfo T
B ITnfo
C nfoT
D nTfo (2)

1.3 Give ONE word/term for each of the following descriptions. Write only
the word/term next to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.10) in the
ANSWER BOOK.

1.3.1 Web applications designed to deliver the functions and features of a

traditional desktop application online. The interface is generated
locally by your web browser. (1)

1.3.2 An type of information system that gathers, analyses and presents

information for the management, operations and planning levels of
an organisation. This helps to make decisions about problems that
may be rapidly changing. (1)

1.3.3 Downloaded software that bombards the user with advertisements (1)

1.3.4 A remotely controlled network of zombie computers (1)

1.3.5 A type of memory that stores the BIOS settings (1)

1.3.6 Testing the accuracy of captured data by checking it against the

source of the data (1)

1.3.7 Someone who gains unauthorised access to data in order to steal

data or someone who makes unauthorised changes to data (1)

1.3.8 Specialised hardware and software designed to be used at till points (1)

1.3.9 E-mail sent to people that advertise products that were not
requested (1)

TOTAL SECTION A: 16

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SECTION B: SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES

QUESTION 2

2.1 Computers have modular designed motherboards.

2.1.1 Give ONE advantage of a modular designed motherboard. (1)

2.1.2 Name ONE component/device that could be plugged into any of the
ports in the rear of a standard desktop computer. (1)

2.1.3 What is the purpose of RAM? (1)

2.1.4 Explain what CPU cache memory is and how it impacts the
processing speed of a computer. (3)

2.1.5 Explain the concept of multiprocessing. (2)

2.2 The younger generation of computer users often prefer to use mobile devices
rather than desktop computers.

2.2.1 Except for mobility, give TWO other reasons why mobile devices
may be preferred to desktop computers. (2)

2.2.2 State TWO factors that limit the use of mobile devices. (2)

2.2.3 Give TWO reasons for using an SSD instead of a conventional hard
drive in a mobile device. (2)

2.3 The use of cloud applications, such as Google Docs, as well as other types of
Software as a Service (SaaS) is popular practice nowadays.

2.3.1 What is a cloud application? (1)

2.3.2 Give TWO reasons for using SaaS instead of standard desktop
software. (2)

2.3.3 State ONE disadvantage associated with the use of cloud

computing. (1)

2.3.4 Cloud computing relies on virtualisation technologies.

State TWO ways in which virtualisation techniques are used by

companies that offer cloud services. (2)

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2.4 The library at a school uses an online digital media repository.

2.4.1 What is an online digital media repository? (1)

2.4.2 Give TWO reasons for using a media repository. (2)

2.5 The library at the school wants to implement a backup policy to backup their
data.

Give ONE reason why an online backup service is recommended. (1)

TOTAL SECTION B: 24

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SECTION C: COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES

QUESTION 3

The diagram below illustrates the network of a small business.

Router/Firewall

Server
'Switch'

Administration
Wi-Fi

3.1 The computers in the cabled network are used by all staff members and the
WLAN is used by clients.

3.1.1 Give ONE reason why a wireless network is more suitable for the
clients. (1)

3.1.2 Give ONE reason why all devices must have a unique IP address. (1)

3.1.3 Give TWO possible reasons why clients using the WLAN could
experience slow connection speeds sometimes. (2)

3.2 The LAN in the administration office uses a client-server model and provides
internet access.

3.2.1 Name TWO services that can be provided by an ISP besides the
connection to the internet. (2)

3.2.2 State TWO benefits of using an ADSL connection. (2)

3.2.3 Explain the function of the switch as part of the LAN. (2)

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3.2.4 The LAN to be used by the administration staff uses fibre-optic

cables.

(a) What medium is used by fibre-optic cables to transmit

signals? (1)

(b) Give TWO reasons why fibre-optic cables will be more

suitable for use in a LAN than UTP cables. (2)

3.3 It is a requirement that all computers in the LAN are thin clients and that
a UPS be installed for the server.

3.3.1 Explain what a thin client is. (1)

3.3.2 Give TWO reasons why the use of thin clients is often preferred. (2)

3.3.3 What is the purpose of a UPS? (1)

3.4 Some staff members have access to the virtual private network (VPN) of the
business.

3.4.1 Give ONE practical example of how the staff can benefit from using
the VPN. (1)

3.4.2 Name the technique that is used to maintain the privacy of

information during transmission on a VPN. (1)

3.4.3 Give TWO possible reasons why a staff member may encounter
problems trying to connect to the VPN. (2)

3.5 The size of an e-service can range from very small to very large.

What is the term used to describe the capability of a system to handle

a reduction or a growth of its workload, or its potential to be reduced or
enlarged to accommodate a possible reduction or growth of its workload? (1)

TOTAL SECTION C: 22

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SECTION D: DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

QUESTION 4

4.1 A library uses a relational database to have a record of books that have been
borrowed.

4.1.1 Explain what a relational database is. (2)

4.1.2 Explain why record locking is necessary when different staff

members are working on the same table in the database. (2)

4.1.3 Besides planning and creating a database, name TWO other tasks
that a database administrator has to perform as part of his/her
duties. (2)

4.2 The database of the library has two tables: tblStudents and
tblBooksBorrowed. The table tblStudents keeps record of the students who
use the services of the library. The table tblBooksBorrowed keeps record of
the books borrowed by a student.

The relationship between the tables is given below.

4.2.1 The student number in the tblStudents table is the primary key.

Explain what a primary key is in this context. (1)

4.2.2 What is the StudentNumber field in the tblBooksBorrowed table

called in terms of the relationship between the tables? (1)

4.2.3 A composite primary key is used in the tblBooksBorrowed table.

What is meant by a composite primary key? (1)

4.2.4 Identify and motivate the specific relationship that exists between
the tblStudents and the tblBooksBorrowed tables. (2)

4.2.5 Referential integrity was enforced when the relationship between the
tables was created.

Why was this done? (2)

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4.2.6 The extract of data below shows some of the records in the two
tables.

(a) Write an SQL statement to display the name, surname and

funds available of all the students with R30 or less in their
account. (3)

(b) Write an SQL statement to display the student number and

number of books borrowed of all the students who have
more than two books on loan. The number of books
borrowed must be shown in a field called NumberBorrowed. (7)

TOTAL SECTION D: 23

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SECTION E: SOLUTION DEVELOPMENT

QUESTION 5

5.1 Give a reason for the use of EACH of the following structures in a Delphi
program:

5.1.1 FormCreate event (1)

5.1.2 A WHILE loop instead of a FOR loop (1)

5.1.3 Ord function (1)

5.2 Students can log in on the university's website or portal to access resources.

5.2.1 Below is an incomplete class diagram for an object class that was
created to record access to a website.

StudentEntry

Attributes
-fStudentCode(String)
-fStudentName(String)
-fDateOfEntry
-fTimeOfEntry
-fLoginNumber(integer)

Methods
+Constructor Create
+toString:String

(a) An object's attributes should be encapsulated.

Define the term encapsulation. (2)

(b) Suggest a suitable data type for the fDateOfEntry attribute. (1)

(c) Define a method that can be added to the class diagram to

return the student code of the object. (1)

(d) Define a method that can be added to the class diagram that
receives a parameter and changes the login number. (1)

(e) What type of method is the toString method? (1)

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5.2.2 The student numbers of at least 1 000 IT students are stored in an

array called arrStudNumbers. The final results for the Mathematics
module are stored in a parallel array called arrMathResults.

Example of the first five student numbers and results in the

respective arrays:

arrStudNumbers arrMathResults
S0001 89
S0002 42
S0003 91
S0004 65
S0005 58
: :

The following code was used to enter a student number and update
the student's result:

1 sSearch := InputBox('Search','Enter student

number', '0000');
2 For A := 1 to 1000 do
3 Begin
4 If arrStudNumbers[A] = sSearch then
5 arrMathResults[A] :=
StrToInt(InputBox('Update result',
'Enter updated result for mathematics',
'00'));
6 End;

(a) Name the type of search technique used in the code above. (1)

(b) Criticise the program code provided in terms of good and

effective programming techniques. (1)

(c) Write pseudo code that uses a more effective search

technique that will terminate the search process when the
update has been done. (8)

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5.3 The following segment of programming code was used to generate a student
code:

Line Code
1 sName := edtName.Text;
2 sCode := ''; {empty string}
3 A := 1;
4 Repeat
5 if NOT(Upcase(sName[A]) in ['A','E','I','O','U'])then
6 sCode := sCode + sName[A];
7 inc(A, 1);
8 Until (sName[A] = ' '); {space}
9 ShowMessage(sCode);

Copy and complete the trace table below to determine the output of
this program segment if the name entered into the edit box edtName is
'Mark Simon'.

NOT (Upcase (sName[A]) in

sName ['A','E','I','O','U']) sCode A Is sName[A] = ' '? Display
Mark '' 1
Simon
True
M
2
False
(6)

TOTAL SECTION E: 25

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SECTION F: INTEGRATED SCENARIO

QUESTION 6

The local university is upgrading their library and the ICT infrastructure. The
university's website can be used to check timetables and make reservations for access
to the research section of the library.

6.1 An AUP document has been compiled for the library. One of the points listed
in the document states that, where possible, electronic documents should be
used instead of printed documents.

6.1.1 What does the acronym AUP stand for? (1)

6.1.2 Briefly explain the purpose of having an AUP. (2)

6.2 Some of the electronic documents are stored in an online storage facility to
facilitate file syncing.

Explain the concept of file syncing. (2)

6.3 The university employed a web designer to redesign the website.

6.3.1 Name TWO skills that a web designer would need when creating
a website. (2)

6.3.2 Students can access the website from their mobile devices.

State TWO factors that a web designer must take into consideration
when designing websites to be accessible from mobile devices. (2)

6.4 Some students watch videos on their electronic devices as part of research
projects. The videos are saved with metadata on an SSD.

6.4.1 What is metadata? (1)

6.4.2 Suggest a suitable format for the compression of videos. (1)

6.5 Schedules for short-course lectures and webinars are displayed on the
website.

6.5.1 What is a webinar? (1)

6.5.2 How can the students remain informed of changes in the schedules
without visiting the website? (1)

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6.6 Some students use open-source operating systems, such as Linux, while
others use proprietary systems, such as Microsoft Windows 10.

6.6.1 State THREE functions of an operating system. (3)

6.6.2 Give ONE reason for using a proprietary operating system rather
than an open-source operating system. (1)

6.7 The library can use RFID tags embedded in books and RFID scanners at
library exits and return points. Stock takes (audits) in a library can be
facilitated by the use of mobile RFID rack readers, enabling an inventory to be
done on an entire shelf within seconds, without a book being taken off the
shelf.

6.7.1 Write out the abbreviation RFID. (1)

6.7.2 Explain the difference between a passive RFID tag and an active
RFID tag. (3)

6.7.3 The use of RFID student cards eliminates the need to type in
a student number. The card is scanned using an RFID reader.

Give TWO reasons why manual data input (e.g. a person at

a keyboard entering data) is one of the least popular data capture
methods used today. (2)

6.8 Although e-mail is one of the most popular uses of the internet, users are
often frustrated by the lack of netiquette.

What is netiquette? Give an example as part of your answer. (2)

6.9 ICT has revolutionised the way in which people use social media to
communicate.

State ONE way in which social networking can impact negatively on cultures
around the world. (1)

6.10 University staff want to be sure that information sent over the network will be
safe and secure.

6.10.1 Public key encryption will be used to secure the data.

(a) Explain what the term encryption means. (2)

(b) Explain how public key encryption works. (3)

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6.10.2 A yellow lock is displayed on the URL bar when the user opens the
university's website.

(a) What other visual indication is displayed that indicates that

the website is secure, besides the yellow lock? (1)

(b) When a user clicks on the yellow lock, the following dialogue
box is displayed:

Which TWO pieces of information on the certificate can be

used to verify that the website is legitimate? (2)

6.10.3 Staff members are often warned against social engineering.

(a) Explain what social engineering is. (2)

(b) What is a consequence of falling victim to social engineering? (1)

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6.11 Green computing has become a focal point in the ICT field.

6.11.1 Define the term green computing. (1)

6.11.2 Suggest any TWO initiatives for the library to implement green
computing. (2)

TOTAL SECTION F: 40
GRAND TOTAL: 150

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