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PAU Composition Guide 2021

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6 views

PAU Composition Guide 2021

Uploaded by

vicentfn2187
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1 INTRODUCTION: Stating the problem (Centre & Focus)

A good composition should have a strong opening which attracts the reader’s
attention and makes them want to read more. A few good ways of opening your
composition are:

• A question: "Is drinking the only way to have fun for teenagers? Are alcohol-
related problems going up among young people?”

• A surprising statistic or fact: “90% of youngsters who go out at weekends know


only one way to have a good time: getting drunk.”

• A personal address to the reader: “Did you know that many children start
drinking at the age of 12?”
• A provocative statement: “If young people drink an average of 3 litres of
alcohol per person every weekend, they will have very serious health problems in a no
longer future.”

• Comparing the past and the present: Twenty years ago, very few youngsters
drank uncontrollably; nowadays only a small minority doesn’t do it.”
• An imaginary situation. Imagine you wake up in the middle of the night because
you have heard a noise. You put on the light and see a skinny person in front of you.
His face is pale, he looks miserable. You can smell alcohol all over his body. Suddenly
he falls down unconscious and starts vomiting. That person is your beloved son!”

• An invented story which introduces the topic you are going to write about.
“Two months ago, Phil was invited to a party. He had never tasted drugs, but that day
one of his friends persuaded him to try some. Two hours later he had to be taken to
hospital.”
• A combination of some of the points stated above: “A big number of youngsters
get drunk every weekend. Why do they do it?”

Certain words and expressions can be used in the introductory paragraph:

IT IS WELL KNOWN TO BEGIN WITH TO START WITH IT IS A FACT

IT IS A WELL-KNOWN FACT IT IS GENERALLY / USUALLY SAID THAT...

AT FIRST SIGHT BY WAY OF INTRODUCTION IT SEEMS


2 MY OPINION AND REASONS / ADVANTAGES:

You should give your opinion about the topic and At least 2 sentences that support
your ideas. Whenever possible it is important to use a variety of connectors to express
your views as clearly as possible. Do not write long sentences. In English short
sentences (1 or 2 clauses -with a linking word-) are more powerful:

“In my opinion, most young people drink for fun. They think alcohol can help them to
have a good time. Many of them, especially shy people, believe they will be more
sociable after a couple of drinks. However, very few stop to think that their moment of
happiness can turn into an ordeal...”

“I strongly agree that it is necessary to work for the future and to improve on what has
not been done well so far”.

Certain words and expressions can be used:

IN MY OPINION IN MY VIEW FROM MY POINT OF VIEW


PERSONALLY AS I SEE IT AS FAR AS I AM CONCERNED,
I BELIEVE I TEND TO THINK THAT I FEEL VERY STRONGLY THAT
TO BE HONEST IT SEEMS TO ME THAT I WOULD SUGGEST THAT
TO MY MIND I AM SURE THAT
AS FAR AS (STH’) IS CONCERNED I STRONGLY AGREE / DISAGREE THAT
I AM ABSOLUTELY CONVINCED THAT I AM INCLINED TO BELIEVE THAT
3 CONTRADICTING OTHER PEOPLE’S OPINION / DISADVANTAGES:

In this paragraph you must try to write what other people think and why they are right
or wrong or talk about the disadvantages. Obviously other people’s opinions should be
different from yours. It is also important to use different connectors here:

“On the other hand, most youngsters think drinking is not a problem for them. They
usually try to convince themselves that they can control how much they drink. They
don’t think alcohol might damage their health and they go binge drinking every
weekend.”

Certain words and expressions can be used:

IT IS POPULARLY BELIEVED THAT..., BUT... IT IS A FACT THAT…


PEOPLE OFTEN CLAIM THAT..., BUT... PEOPLE ARGUE THAT..., BUT
WHAT THEY DON’T REALIZE IS ... PEOPLE THINK THAT..., BUT
CONTRARY TO POPULAR BELIEF…
4 CONCLUSION:

The closing comment should clearly present a summary (in one sentence) of the points
of view stated. You must try to consider the future consequences or responsibilities
and offer a solution. It is often a paraphrase of the main idea expressed in the opening
(remember the hamburger metaphor) or all through the text. It should leave the
reader with something important to think about after reading:

“If our house is destroyed, we can move to another one but if the earth is destroyed
where else can we go?”

“In a nutshell, it is clear that immortality would make a lot of people unhappy,
although it would be great to find it out by oneself.”

“If you don’t talk to your kids about drugs, somebody else will.”

Certain words or expression are often used to indicate the conclusion of your writing:

ON THE WHOLE IN GENERAL TO PUT IT IN A NUTSHELL


IN A NUTSHELL TO SUMMARIZE CONSIDERING ALL POINTS OF VIEW
LAST BUT NOT LEAST IN GENERAL TERMS THEREFORE IT IS CLEAR THAT
IT IS OBVIOUS THAT ALL IN ALL IT IS EVIDENT THAT
IN SHORT TO SUM UP IN SUMMARY

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