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Mid Term. Philo

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6 views

Mid Term. Philo

Uploaded by

Mark Oliver Carig
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mid Term: Philosophical and Socio  Plato- considered gymnastic and music as the

Anthropological of Pes. two most important subjects in curriculum.

 PRIMITIVE SOCIETY
 Xenophon- thought of physical education as
Man Moves according: important in terms of the military and essential
 To their satisfaction to success in life of soundness of the mind and
 Needs and necessity body.

 Hunting wild animals. PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN ROME, DARK


 Fishing along the rivers. AGES, FEUDALISM, AND RENAISSANCE
 Sometimes they engage murder for their PERIOD
protection.
 Dance and play. Many contributions made by the Greeks to
Classical culture, the notion of a mutual dependence
Physical activities were not organized by them. between a sound mind and a healthy body persisted
in Rome throughout the republican and imperial
Drives only in mating and propagation that periods.
gives them desire to dance and play which not being Roman political ambition incorporated
organized. physical education into a national program for
military preparedness.
Ancient Oriental Countries
Republican Period
Ancient China:
Upon throwing off the rule of the Etruscan kings in
 China is concerned only by their intellectual 510 BCE, Rome found herself in a perpetual state of
excellence and they neglect physical activities. hostility with her Italian neighbors, with secession
 Military training in ancient China Includes: movements, and later embroiled in a series of Punic
and Macedonian wars.
Wrestling Pugilism
Fencing Tripod Lifting  Army Life was considered important to the
Horse- Racing Hunting and Swimming Romans and considered health as important only
Kung Fu for military life as their physical activities.
Romans were influence of wealth and material
Medical Gymnastic has developed as early as 2698 and the most outstanding cause of the Fall of the
BC. Roman Empire was due to moral decay and
physical deterioration.
 Herodotus- recognized the use of physical
education as an aid to medicine as early as the  PHYSICAL EDUCATION DURING DARK
fifth century. AGES
 During Dark Ages was the fall of the Roman
 Galen- stated that physical education is a part of Empire 476AD which the land that is
hygiene and subordinate to medicine. experienced glory and grandeur. They were
Teutonic barbarians wherein tribe people
 Socrates- gave emphasis on the important of where lived a life characterized by physical
physical education attaining in order to achieve activity were strong and healthy.
one’s purpose in life grave mistakes caused by
poor decisions can be result of poor health.

1
Two Major Movement developed during dark  Physical Education During the Renaissance
ages: Period

 Asceticism- a belief that one can attain high  The revival of learning which brought about
spiritual level through solitude mortification the dignity of man and a renewed spirit of
of the flesh and devotional contemplation. nationalism. A belief that good physical
 Scholasticism- a belief that most essential health promoted learning and rest recreation
items n one’s education that life is were needed by the body after study and
development of the mental or intellectual work. Necessary for health, preparation for
powers. warfare and providing recreation for the
wealthier classes of people.
 PHYSICAL EDUCATION DURING THE
AGE FEUDALISM
The Contributors:
 A system of land tenure based upon the
allegiance and service to the nobleman or Johann Bernhard Basedow
Lord for Protection. (1723 -1790)
 Fief the Lord who owned the land - established a school called Philanthropinum
 Vassal who let out the land to subordinate, the first school in modern Europe that
they had to work the land but they will share offered a program where physical education
a profit called serfs. was a past of the curriculum.
 Serf they were much attached to the land
that they can be transferred with the transfer Johann Christoph Friedrich Guts Muths
of vassal. (1759 -1839)
 During the feudalistic times the son of the - wrote two books Gymnastics for the young
Lord had two Choices: and games which contained illustrations of
 To train for the church and become a various exercises and apparatus, arguments
member of the clergy. in favor of physical education institutions.
 To enter the chivalry and became a knight.
 Physical Education played a major part in Gustaf Nybleus
the training for Knighthood (1816 -1902)
- specialized in military gymnastics.
Feudalism was a system of land tenure based - His innovation was the inclusion of women
on allegiance and service to the nobleman or lord. in the school.

Neils Bukh
- introduced Primitive Gymnastics
- attempted to build the perfect physique
through a series of exercises that were
performed without cessation of movement.

Some contributors in the development as


physical education as early as 20thcentury.

Thom as Dennison Wood


- who were introduced natural gymnastics
which gave more emphasis on game and
game skills.

Clark Helturington
- emphasized on children’s play activities.

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Jessie Bancroft
- influenced the development of physical
education as a responsibility of homeroom
teachers in the elementary schools.

Jacob Reis
- Symbolic of the playground movement in
New York.

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