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Session1-Exercises Mathematics BBA1 Essec

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35 views

Session1-Exercises Mathematics BBA1 Essec

Uploaded by

mkadhi1975
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Session1

Exponents.
Rewrite expressions in problems 1,3 and 4 as fractions.
Simplify expressions in problems 2,5 and 7.
1 1 𝑦+𝑥
1. 𝑥 −1 + 𝑦 −1 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 𝑥𝑦

2. 𝑥 3/2 − 𝑥1/2 = 𝑥1/2 (𝑥 − 1)


7 1 73 +1
3. 7𝑥 −2 + (7𝑥)−2 = 𝑥 2 + 72 ∙𝑥 2 = 72∙𝑥 2

1 1 −2 𝑦−𝑥 −2 𝑥 2 ∙𝑦 2
4. (𝑥 −1 − 𝑦 −1 )−2 = (𝑥 − 𝑦) = ( 𝑥𝑦 ) = (𝑦−𝑥)2

5. 𝑥 2/5 (𝑦1/2 + 2𝑥 6/5 ) = 𝑥 2/5 𝑦 1/2 + 2𝑥 8/5


−8
6. If 𝑥 = , the value of 𝑣 = 𝑥 −1/3 is: a) < −2, b) −2/3, c) −3/2, or d) > 0?
27
−8 −1/3 271/3
Solution: 𝑣 = 𝑥 −1/3 = ( 27 ) = −81/3 = −3/2

4(0.6)𝐾0.4 𝐿−0.4
2 ( )
15𝑒 𝛼 𝑒 𝛽 𝛼+𝛽−2 3𝐿0.5 2.5∙2 5 𝐿 3𝐾0.4+1+0.6 3𝐾2
7. a) = 15𝑒 , b) b) ( 𝐿−2 ) = 9𝐿 = 9𝐿 , c) 4(0.4)𝐾−0.6 𝐿0.6
= =
𝑒2 ( ) 2𝐿1+0.4+0.6 2𝐿2
𝐾

Functions
𝑓: ℝ → ℝ
1. Let { , find 𝑓(𝑧), 𝑓(𝑟 2 ), 𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ)
𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 5
Solution:
𝑓(𝑧) = 3𝑧 2 − 𝑧 + 5
𝑓(𝑟 2 ) = 3(𝑟 2 )2 − 𝑟 2 + 5 = 3𝑟 4 − 𝑟 2 + 5
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) = 3(𝑥 + ℎ)2 − (𝑥 + ℎ) + 5

Solve the following quadratic equations


1. 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟓 = 𝟎 ⇒ 𝑥1 ∙ 𝑥2 = 5, 𝑥1 + 𝑥2 = −(−6) = 6 ⇒ 𝑥1 = 1, 𝑥2 = 5
−(−7)±√9
2. 𝟐𝑸𝟐 − 𝟕𝑸 + 𝟓 = 𝟎 ⇒ ∆= 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 49 − 4 ∙ 2 ∙ 5 = 9, 𝑄1,2 = 2∙2
5
⇒ 𝑄1 = 2 , 𝑄2 = 1
7 5 7 5
(alternative solution: 𝑄 2 − 2 𝑄 + 2 = 0 ⇒ 𝑄1 + 𝑄2 = 2 , 𝑄1 ∙ 𝑄2 = 2 … )
3. −𝑸𝟐 + 𝟔𝑸 − 𝟓 = 𝟎 ⇒ 𝑄 2 − 6𝑄 + 5 = 0, same as #1
4. 𝑸𝟐 + 𝟔𝑸 + 𝟓 = 𝟎 ⇒ 𝑄1 ∙ 𝑄2 = 5, 𝑄1 + 𝑄2 = −6 ⇒ 𝑄1 = −1, 𝑄2 = −5
5. 𝑷𝟐 − 𝟕 = 𝟎 ⇒ 𝑃2 = 7 ⇒ 𝑃1,2 = ±√7
6. 𝑸𝟐 − 𝟔𝑸 + 𝟗 = 𝟎 ⇒ (𝑄 − 3)2 = 0 ⇒ 𝑄1,2 =3
6±√36+36 6±6√2
7. 𝑸𝟐 − 𝟔𝑸 − 𝟗 = 𝟎 ⇒ 𝑄1,2 = = = 3 ± 3√2
2 2
8. 𝑸𝟐 = 𝟔𝑸 ⇒ 𝑄 ∙ (𝑄 − 6) = 0 ⇒ 𝑄1 = 0, 𝑄2 = 6
9±√81+28
9. 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟔𝒙 = 𝟕 + 𝟑𝒙 ⇒ 𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 − 7 = 0 ⇒ 𝑥1,2 = 2
𝟐 2
10. 𝑷 + 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟑 ⇒ 𝑃 = −9 ⇒ 𝑃1,2 = ±3𝑖, so no real solution.
(Another solution: ∆= 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = −4 ∙ 1 ∙ 9 < 0 … )
2±√4+396
11. 𝑷 + 𝟏𝟎 = 𝟏𝟏𝑷𝟐 − 𝑷 + 𝟏 ⇒ 11𝑃 2 − 2𝑃 − 9 = 0 ⇒ 𝑃1,2 = ⇒
22
9
𝑃1 = 1, 𝑃2 = − 11
12. 𝑸𝟐 − 𝟖𝑸 = 𝑸𝟐 − 𝟐 ⇒ 8𝑄 = 2 ⇒ 𝑄 = 1/4
13. 𝟏𝟐 = 𝑷𝟐 − 𝟐𝑷 + 𝟏𝟐 ⇒ 𝑃 ∙ (𝑃 − 2) = 0, … like #8
9 3
14. 𝟓 + 𝑷 = 𝟒𝑷𝟐 − 𝟒 + 𝑷 ⇒ 𝑃2 = 4 ⇒ 𝑃1,2 = ± 2
3 1
15. −𝟒𝑷𝟐 − 𝟐𝑷 + 𝟏 = 𝑷 ⇒ 𝑃2 + 4 𝑃 − 4 = 0 ⇒
3 1 1
𝑃1 + 𝑃2 = − 4 , 𝑃1 ∙ 𝑃2 = − 4 ⇒ 𝑃1 = −1, 𝑃2 = 4

Exponential Function
1. The projected population P of a city is given by 𝑃 = 100000𝑒 0.05∙𝑡 , where 𝑡 is the number
of years after 2020. Predict the population for the year 2050.
Solution:
We have 𝑡 = 30. Projected population is: 100.000𝑒 0.05∙30 = 100.000 ∙ 𝑒 1.5

2. Calculate the values of the function 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) = 38679 ∙ 1.017𝑥 for 𝑥 = 0,5,10,20,50 and
sketch the graph of 𝑓 using this calculation (you could use Excel/Insert Scatter Chart).
Solution: see Moodle/General/Course Materia/Examples_Excel/Graph ExponentialFn.

3. In the year 2017, GDP per capita of France was 38679 USD. The GDP growth for the
following year 2018 was 1.7%.
a) What is the estimated GDP of France 𝑥 years after the year 2017 (assuming that the
GDP growth stays unchanged)?
b) Assuming that the GDP growth after the year 2017 is constant on a monthly basis, what
is the monthly GDP growth rate?
Solution:
a) At the end of 2018 the GDP of France was 𝑦 = 38679∙1.017. Assuming that the GDP
growth stays unchanged for each year after 2017, the GDP is calculated the same way:
GDP of the next year = (GDP of the previous year) x 1.017. So, this can be expressed as an
exponential function 𝑦 = 38679∙1.017𝑥 where 𝑥 is the number of years after 2017.
b) If the monthly rate is 𝑚, that means 𝑦(𝑛) = 38679∙(1 + 𝑚/100)𝑛 where 𝑛 is the number of
months after 2017. At the end of 2018 (so, after 12 months) this would make
𝑦(12) = 38679∙(1 + 𝑚/100)12 , which we know is 38679∙1.017. Hence,
𝑚 12
1 + 100 = √1.017 = 1.0014 → 𝑚 = 0.14

Logarithms (calculate, simplify)


1. 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 = log10 104 = 4log10 10 = 4
2. 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟏 = log10 10−4 = −4log10 10 = −4
3. 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟑 𝟖𝟏 = log 3 34 = 4log 3 3 = 4
𝒙
4. 𝐥𝐧 𝒛∙𝒘 = ln 𝑥 − ln(𝑧 ∙ 𝑤) = ln 𝑥 − ln 𝑧 − ln 𝑤
5. 𝐥𝐧 𝒆𝟑𝒙 = 3𝑥
𝟏
6. 𝐥𝐧 𝒆𝟑 = ln 𝑒 −3 = − 3,
7. 𝐥𝐧 𝒆𝒙 − 𝒆𝐥𝐧𝒙 = 𝑥 − 𝑥 = 0
8. 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏 + 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 = 0 + log10 103 = 3log10 10 = 3 (log 𝑥 = log10 𝑥)
9. 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟑 = log10 102∙13 = 26log10 10 = 26
10. 𝐥𝐧( 𝑨 𝑩𝒆−𝟒 ) = ln 𝐴 + ln 𝐵 − 4
11. (𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟒 𝒆)(𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒆 𝟔𝟒) = log 4 64 = log 4 43 = 3 (Rule: (log 𝑎 𝑏)(log 𝑏 𝑐) = log 𝑎 𝑐)
𝟗
12. 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟕 √𝟕𝟖 = log 7 78/9 = 8/9
1
𝟑 𝒙𝟓 (𝒙−𝟐)𝟖
13. 𝐥𝐧 √ = ln(𝑥 5 (𝑥 − 2)8 (𝑥 − 3)−1 )3 =
𝒙−𝟑
1
(5 ln 𝑥 + 8 ln(𝑥 − 2) − ln(𝑥 − 3))
3
𝟐𝟕
14. 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟑 (𝟖𝟏) = log 3 1/3 = log 3 3−1 = −1
𝟏
15. 𝐥𝐧 𝒆 + 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏𝟎 = 1 + log10 10−1 = 1 − 1 = 0

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