Chengdu Heltec Energy Technology Co.

, Ltd

16S 100A 200A Communication BMS

Compatible With Inverters

User Manual

Heltec Energy

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 Chengdu Heltec Energy Technology Co., Ltd

1. Introduction

This product is a intelligent protection board specially designed for 16-series

battery packs, which can be applied to lithium batteries with different chemical
properties, such as lithium ion, lithium polymer, lithium iron phosphate, etc.
The whole system adopts O2's analog front-end acquisition chip + MCU, with
external communication port. Some parameters can be flexibly adjusted through the
host computer according to customers’ needs.

2. Function Configuration

Function Configuration Function Configuration

Applicable Number of 16S RS485 Communication By Default
Strings (isolated)
Applicable 200A UART Communication No
Continuous Current (isolated)
Number of NTC 2 Internal, CAN Communication By Default
4 External
Switch Function By Default RS232 Communication Optional
Charging Current By Default GPS Module Optional
Limiting Function

UART interface By Default Heating Film Function Optional

(non-isolated)

Battery Packs Used in Support Battery Packs Used in Optional

Parallel Series
Balance Function Passive Secondary Protection Optional
Balancing Function

History Storage By Default LCD Display Optional

Function
Pre-discharge By Default LED Indicator Interface Optional
Function

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Buzzer By Default Bluetooth Module Optional

*Remark: The UART interface (non-isolated) does not support communication with
chargers or loads.

3. Technical Parameters

3.1 Basic Parameters

Cell Specification 16S LFP

Interface Type Same Port
Charging Recommended Voltage 3.6V*16
Single Voltage Range 2.7~3.65V
Continuous Charging Current 200A
Continuous Discharging Current 200A
Operating Power Consumption ≤40mA
Sleep Power Consumption ≤0.4mA
BMS Conduction Internal Resistance ≤10mR
Operating Temperature -30℃~75℃
Dimension 300（±0.5）*100（±0.5）*38（±2）mm
(L*W*H)
*The test needs to be performed in an environment with a temperature of 25±2℃
and a relative humidity of 65±20%.

3.2 Main Parameters

Specifications
Item Minimum Typical Maximum Unit
Value Value Value
Function Over-voltage
3.620 3.650 3.680 V
Protection Voltage
Overcharge
1000 2000 3000 mS
Protection Delay

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Time
Overcharge
Protection Recovery 3.330 3.380 3.430 V
Voltage
Over-discharge
2.600 2.700 2.800 V
Protection Voltage
Over-discharge
Protection Delay 1000 2000 3000 mS
Time
Over-discharge
Protection Recovery 2.85 2.95 3.05 V
Voltage
Over-discharge
Protection Recovery Voltage self-recovery or charge recovery
Condition
Charging
Over-current 210 220 230 A
Protection Value
Charging
Charging
Over-current
Over-current Delay 5 10 15 S
Protection
Time
Charge Over-current
0.5 1 1.5 S
Release Condition
Discharge
Over-current 210 220 230 A
Discharge
Protection Value 1
Over-current
Discharge
Protection
Over-current 5 10 15 S
Protection Delay

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Time 1
Discharge
Over-current 500 650 800 A
Protection Value 2
Discharge
Over-current
250 500 750 mS
Protection Delay
Time 2
Discharge
Over-current Release 60S delay - automatic release
Condition
Short Circuit
1800 A
Protection Current
Short Circuit
Protection Delay 200 300 600 μs
Time
Short Circuit
Resume after disconnecting the load.
Protection recovery
Short Circuit Description Short-circuit current less than the
Protection minimum value or higher than the
maximum value may cause short-circuit
protection failure.
If the short-circuit current exceeds
3000A, there is no guarantee of
short-circuit protection, and it is not
recommended to do a short-circuit
protection test.
Discharge High Temperature
67 70 73 ℃
Temperature protection value

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Protection Temperature
(external) protection release 57 60 63 ℃
value
Temperature
Discharge Low -23 -20 -17 ℃
protection value
Temperature
Temperature
Protection
protection release -18 -15 -12 ℃
(external)
value
Temperature
Charge High 62 65 68 ℃
protection value
Temperature
Temperature
Protection
protection release 52 55 58 ℃
(external)
value
Temperature
Charge Low -8 -5 -2 ℃
protection value
Temperature
Temperature
Protection
protection release -3 0 3 ℃
(external)
value
Temperature
FET Discharge 110 115 120 ℃
protection value
High Temperature
Temperature
Protection
protection release 80 85 90 ℃
(built-in)
value
Temperature
Environment 72 75 78 ℃
protection value
High Temperature
Temperature
Protection
protection release 62 65 68 ℃
(built-in)
value
Environment Low Temperature -23 -20 -17 ℃

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Temperature protection value

Protection Temperature
(built-in) protection release -18 -15 -12 ℃
value
Balancing turn-on
3.470 3.500 3.530 V
voltage (LFP)
Opening voltage
Balancing - 30 - V
difference
Function
Balancing Current 20 60 mA
Balancing Method Static/Charge Balancing
Balancing Type Time-sharing/Pulse Balancing
Enable charging Turn on after charging over-current
current limit protection
Charging Current
Charge current limit 20±2A
Limiting Function
Disable charging Charging current <1A or over-voltage
current limit protection
*The test needs to be performed in an environment with a temperature of 25±2℃
and a relative humidity of 65±20%.

4. Function Description

4.1 Overcharge Protection and Recovery

4.1.1 Single Cell Overcharge Protection and Recovery

When the voltage of any cell is higher than the set value of the overcharge
voltage of the single cell, and the duration reaches the overcharge delay of the single
cell, the system enters the overcharge protection state, turns off the charging MOS,
and cannot charge the battery.
After the single cell overcharge protection, when the voltage of all single cells
drops below the single cell overcharge recovery value, the overcharge protection state
will be released. It can also be released by discharge.

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4.1.2 Overall Overcharge Protection and Recovery

When the overall voltage is higher than the overall over-voltage setting value,
and the duration reaches the overall overcharge delay, the system enters the
overcharge protection state, turns off the charging MOS, and cannot charge the battery.
When the overall voltage drops below the total voltage over-voltage protection
recovery value, the overcharge protection state will be released, and it can also be
released by discharge.

4.2 Over-discharge Protection and Recovery

4.2.1 Single Cell Over-discharge Protection and Recovery

When the minimum cell voltage is lower than the cell over-discharge voltage
setting value, and the duration reaches the cell over-discharge delay, the system enters
the over-discharge protection state, turns off the discharge MOS, and cannot discharge
the battery.
After the over-discharge protection of a single cell occurs, charging the battery
pack can release the over-discharge protection state.

4.2.2 Overall Over-discharge Protection and Recovery

When the overall voltage is lower than the overall over-discharge voltage setting
value and the duration reaches the overall over-discharge delay, the system enters the
over-discharge protection state, turns off the discharge MOS, and cannot discharge the
battery.
After the overall over-discharge protection occurs, charging the battery pack can
release the over-discharge protection status.

4.3 Charge Over-current Protection and Recovery

When the charging current exceeds the charging over-current protection current
and the duration reaches the over-current detection delay time, the system enters the
charging over-current protection state and cannot charge the battery. After charging
over-current protection occurs, it will automatically recover after a delay. If automatic

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recovery is not required, the corresponding release time can be set longer; discharging
can also release the charging over-current state.

4.4 Discharge Over-current Protection and Recovery

When the discharge current exceeds the discharge over-current protection current
and the duration reaches the over-current detection delay time, the system enters the
charge over-current protection state and turns off the discharge MOS. The system will
automatically recover within 32 seconds after the discharge over-current occurs. If
automatic recovery is not required, the corresponding release time can be set longer.
Charging can also release the discharge over-current state. Discharge has two-level
over-current protection function, which has different response speeds to different
current values, and can protect the battery more reliably.

4.5 Temperature Protection and Recovery

4.5.1 Charge and Discharge High Temperature Protection and Recovery

When the NTC detects that the surface temperature of the cell is higher than the
set high temperature protection temperature during charging and discharging, the
management system enters the high temperature protection state, and the charging or
discharging MOSFET is turned off, and the battery pack cannot be charged or
discharged in this state.
When the temperature of the cell surface drops to the high temperature recovery
setting value, the management system recovers from the high temperature state and
turns on the charging and discharging MOS again.

4.5.2 Charge and Discharge Low Temperature Protection and Recovery

When the NTC detects that the surface temperature of the cell is lower than the
set low temperature protection temperature during charging and discharging, the
management system enters the low temperature protection state, and the charging or
discharging MOSFET is turned off, and the battery pack cannot be charged or
discharged in this state.

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When the temperature of the cell surface rises to the low temperature recovery
set value, the management system recovers from the low temperature state and turns
on the charging and discharging MOS again.

4.5.3 Static Temperature Protection and Recovery

When static (no charge and discharge), if the temperature rises or falls to the
protection board, the protection board will not make any protection action until
When the system detects that there is current, it will take corresponding
protection actions.

4.6 Balancing Function

The management system adopts the resistance bypass method to balance the cells.
During the charging process, the voltage of the highest single cell of the battery pack
reaches the set balanced starting voltage value, and the voltage difference between the
minimum voltage and the highest voltage of the single cells of the battery pack is
greater than the set value. When the value is set, the cell balancing function that meets
the conditions is turned on, and the two adjacent equalizers cannot be turned on at the
same time.
Balancing stops when the cell voltage difference is less than the set value or the
cell voltage is lower than the balancing start voltage. You can set the charge balancing
mode and static balancing mode.

4.7 Capacity Calculation

The SOC calculation of the battery pack can be accurately calculated by

integrating the current and time. The full capacity and cycle capacity of the battery
pack can be set through the host computer, and the capacity can be automatically
updated after a complete charge and discharge cycle. It has the function of calculating
the number of charge and discharge cycles. When the cumulative discharge capacity
of the battery pack reaches the set cycle capacity, the number of cycles will increase
by one.
Note: For newly installed batteries, please set the nominal capacity and cycle
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capacity according to the battery capacity, and perform a capacity learning, otherwise
the capacity may not be accurate. Capacity learning operation: first fully charge to
over-voltage protection, then discharge to under-voltage protection, and then charge
again.

4.8 Sleep Function

When the protection board is in a static state (no communication, no current, no

balance and over-voltage protection.) After a delay of 5 minutes, it enters a dormant
state. After entering this state, the protection board only reduces the frequency of
detecting voltage and current and its own power consumption. Communication,
switching, charging and discharging can automatically exit the sleep mode.

4.9 Communication Function

4.9.1 RS485/UART Communication

Various information of the battery can be monitored through the host computer,
including battery voltage, current, temperature, status and battery production
information, etc. The default baud rate is 9600bps.

UART Communication Box RS485 Communication Box

4.9.2 CAN Communication

Environment configuration: To install the USBCAN Driver to the computer, you

need to check the computer operating system first, and the 32-bit operating system
and the 64-bit operating system match different driver files. (32-bit operating systems

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match the file suffix "x86", 64-bit operating systems match the file suffix "x64").
Finally, you can check the port in the device manager of the computer to check
whether the installation is successful.
Connection method: Insert the USB cable of the communication box into the
USB port of the computer, and connect the other end to the corresponding interface of
the battery protection board.
Communication format: CAN_ID_0 is selected by default for ID, CAN device is
selected according to the type of communication box, baud rate is 500K by default,
and channel selection is 0 by default.

4.9.3 DIP switch

When the battery packs are used in parallel, different battery packs can be
distinguished by setting the address through the DIP switch on the BMS. It is
necessary to avoid setting the same address. For the definition of the BMS DIP switch,
refer to the table below.

Binary Switch Position

Explain
Address 1 2 3 4
Select “MASTER(0000)” when using
0000(0) OFF OFF OFF OFF 485 alone for communication, serve as
the master in parallel communication.

Select “SLAVE1(0001)” for

0001(1) OFF OFF OFF ON
single-channel 485 communication

Select “SLAVE2(0010)” for

0010(2) OFF OFF ON OFF
single-channel 485 communication

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Select “SLAVE3(0011)” for

0011(3) OFF OFF ON ON
single-channel 485 communication

Select “SLAVE4(0100)” for

0100(4) OFF ON OFF OFF
single-channel 485 communication

Select “SLAVE4(0101)” for

0101(5) OFF ON OFF ON
single-channel 485 communication

Select “SLAVE4(0110)” for

0110(6) OFF ON ON OFF
single-channel 485 communication

Select “SLAVE4(0111)” for

0111(7) OFF ON ON ON
single-channel 485 communication

Select “SLAVE4(1000)” for

1000(8) ON OFF OFF OFF
single-channel 485 communication

Select “SLAVE4(1001)” for

1001(9) ON OFF OFF ON
single-channel 485 communication

Select “SLAVE4(1010)” for

1010(10) ON OFF ON OFF
single-channel 485 communication

Select “SLAVE4(1011)” for

1011(11) ON OFF ON ON
single-channel 485 communication

Select “SLAVE4(1100)” for

1100(12) ON ON OFF OFF
single-channel 485 communication

Select “SLAVE4(1101)” for

1101(13) ON ON OFF ON
single-channel 485 communication

Select “SLAVE4(1110)” for

1110(14) ON ON ON OFF
single-channel 485 communication

Select “SLAVE15(1111)” for

1111(15) ON ON ON ON
single-channel 485 communication

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5. Schematic and Dimensions

5.1 Main Board Dimensions

5.2 Adapter Board Dimensions

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6. Signal Port Definition

6.1 The schematic diagram marks the interface label (refer to the figure below)

B-, connect with

battery negative pole

B+, connect
Connect with the with battery P-, connect with charger, or load
adapter board positive pole negative

Connector
No. Bit No. Picture PIN PIN Function Definition
Function
1 Connect the temperature
J1 2 probe
Voltage
(HY2.0-7P) Connect to the negative
1 detection 3
(with pole of the lowest battery
socket
buckle) Connect the positive pole
4
of the 1st cell

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Connect the positive pole

5
of the 2nd cell
Connect the positive pole
6
of the 3rd cell
Connect the positive pole
7
of the 4th cell
1 Connect the temperature
2 probe

Connect the positive pole

3
J2 of the 5th cell
Voltage
(HY2.0-6P) Connect the positive pole
2 detection 4
(with of the 6th cell
socket
buckle) Connect the positive pole
5
of the 7th cell
Connect the positive pole
6
of the 8th cell
1 Connect the temperature
2 probe

Connect the positive pole

3
J3 of the 9th cell
Voltage
(HY2.0-7P) Connect the positive pole
3 detection 4
(with of the 10th cell
socket
buckle) Connect the positive pole
5
of the 11th cell
Connect the positive pole
6
of the 12th cell

J4 Voltage 1 Connect the temperature

4
(HY2.0-6P) detection 2 probe

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(with socket Connect the positive pole

3
buckle) of the 13th cell
Connect the positive pole
4
of the 14th cell
Connect the positive pole
5
of the 15th cell
Connect the positive pole
6
of the 16th cell
Secondary Overcharge protection
J7 1
protection ground
(HY2.0-2P)
5 signal
(with Overcharge current
output 2
buckle) limiting high potential
terminal

External 1 External pre-discharge

J10
pre- 2 resistor-1
(HY2.0-4P)
6 discharge
(with 3 External pre-discharge
resistor
buckle) resistor-2
interface 4

6.2 Communication Port

Parallel CAN/RS485 Interface Dry Reset Switch

DIP Switch
Communication Port Contact

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RS485--8P8C vertical RJ45 socket CAN--8P8C vertical RJ45 socket

RJ45 PIN Definition RJ45 PIN Definition
1,8 RS485-B1 9,10,11,14,16 NC
2,7 RS485-A1 12 CANL
3,6 GND 13 CANH
4,5 NC 15 GND

RS485--8P8C vertical RJ45 socket CAN--8P8C vertical RJ45 socket

RJ45 PIN Definition RJ45 PIN Definition
1,8 RS485-B 9,16 RS485-B
2,7 RS485-A 10,15 RS485-A
3,6 GND 11,14 GND
4,5 NC 12,13 NC

7. Environmental Suitability

7.1 Working Conditions

The BMS protection board allows normal operation under the following

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conditions:
Ambient temperature: -30℃ ~ +75℃;
Relative humidity: 5% ~ 90%;
Atmospheric pressure: 86kPa~106kPa.

7.2 Storage

The BMS protection board should be stored in a clean and well-ventilated

warehouse with an ambient temperature of -5°C ~ +40°C, a relative humidity of no
more than 70%, and no corrosive gases or media that affect electrical insulation in the
air. Mechanical shock or heavy pressure. Protect from direct sunlight and keep at least
2m away from heat sources (heating equipment, etc.). Under the above storage
conditions, the BMS protection board can be stored for one year.

7.3 Package

7.3.1 The packaging should meet the requirements of moisture-proof and

vibration-proof. The packing box should be firm and reliable. The inside of the box
should be lined with moisture-proof materials, and the product should not move
around in the box.
7.3.2 External carton packing box, veneer anti-static bag plus bubble bag packaging.

7.4 Transportation

7.4.1 During transportation, the product shall not be corroded by severe mechanical
impact, exposure to the sun, rain, chemical corrosive substances and harmful gases;
7.4.2 During the loading and unloading process, the product should be handled with
care, and throwing and heavy pressure are strictly prohibited;
7.4.3 The stacking height of packing boxes is less than 5 layers.

8. Precautions

8.1 This management system cannot be used in series.

8.2 When multiple battery packs using this management system are connected in
parallel, it should be ensured that the maximum voltage difference of each battery
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pack before parallel connection is lower than 3V.

8.3 When multiple battery packs using this management system are used in parallel,
the total charging surge current of the adapter may be applied to a single battery pack,
and it should be ensured that the total charging surge current of the adapter does not
exceed the maximum charging surge current of a single management system.
8.4 The short-circuit protection function of this management system is suitable for a
variety of application scenarios, but it does not guarantee that it can be short-circuited
under any conditions. When the total internal resistance of the battery pack and the
short-circuit circuit is lower than 40mΩ, the capacity of the battery pack exceeds 20%
of the rated value, the short-circuit current exceeds 1800A, the inductance of the
short-circuit circuit is very large, or the total length of the short-circuit wire is very
long, please test to determine whether You can use this tube management system.
8.5 When welding the battery leads, there must be no wrong connection or reverse
connection. If it is indeed wrongly connected, the circuit board may be damaged and
needs to be re-tested before it can be used.
8.6 During assembly, the management system should not directly touch the surface of
the cell to avoid damage to the circuit board. Assembly should be firm and reliable.
8.7 Be careful not to touch the components on the circuit board with the lead wire,
soldering iron, solder, etc. during use, otherwise the circuit board may be damaged.
8.8 Pay attention to anti-static, moisture-proof, waterproof, etc. during use.
8.9 Please follow the design parameters and conditions of use during use, and do not
exceed the values in this specification, otherwise the management system may be
damaged.
8.10 After combining the battery pack and the management system, if there is no
voltage output or no charging when powering on for the first time, please check
whether the wiring is correct.
8.11 The parameters, functions and appearance in this specification are for reference
only, and the actual protection board shall prevail.

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