MIP2602/201/0/2024

Tutorial Letter 201/0/2024

Mathematics for Intermediate Phase

Teachers IV
MIP2602

Year Module

Department of Mathematics Education

This tutorial letter contains feedback on assignment 4 of this module.

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1.1.1 the number of coins. (1)

1.1.2 all the Grade 5 learners at IMMACULATE CONVENT school. (1)
1.1.3 40 Grade 5 learners. (1)
1.1.4
Quantitative, numeric, and discrete (3)
1.1.5 A bar graph (only bar graph because data is discrete)
Bar graph because the data involves discrete values for the number of coins,
a bar graph would clearly show how frequently each number of coins occurs.
(2)
1.2.1 Use Figure 1 to answer the questions:
1.2.1.1 Any two points that explain what a pictograph is. For example:
• Pictograph is a type of graph where the data is presented as pictures.
• Define the number of items, in this case cell phone, each picture
represents.
• If one picture presents a value larger than one, such presentation is called
“many-to-one”.

(2)
1.2.1.2
Pictograph showing Cell phones sold in Prayash’s shop
Coloured cell phones Data
Red cell phone

Blue cell phone

Green cell phone

Yellow cell phone

(A hint: 1. Copy and paste a picture of from the question paper, 2. Alternatively,
you can use a snipping tool to cut out the whole picture or part of it from the
question paper)

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(9)
1.2.2
A bar graph, data is categorical
Or
Pie chart, data is categorical (2)

1.2.3 Draw the graph you have mentioned in 1.2.2 using data in Figure 1.

Bar graph showing Cell phones sold in Prayash’s

shop
16
14
14
Number of cell phones

12
12
10 9
8
6
6
4
2
0
Red cell phone Blue cell phone Green cell phone Yellow cell phone
Coloured cell phones

(7)

Or

Pie chart showing Cell phones sold in

Prayash’s shop

15% Red cell phone

29%
Blue cell phone

34% Green cell phone

22% Yellow cell phone

1.2.4 Any two good questions. Example:

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1.2.4.1. How many yellow cell phones have been sold? (1)

1.2.4.2. How many green cell phones have been sold? (1)

[30]
QUESTION2

2.1.1

Temperature Cumulative Relative

Frequency Relative Frequency (%)
Interval (°C) Frequency (%)
12 ≤ x < 14 7 (7/32) × 100 = 21.875% 21.875%
21.875%+ 25.00% =
14 ≤ x < 16 8 (8/32) × 100 = 25.00%
46.875%
46.875% + 31.25% =
16 ≤ x < 18 10 (10/32) ×100 = 31.25%
78.125%
78.125% + 18.75% =
18 ≤ x < 20 6 (6/32) × 100 = 18.75%
96.875%
20 ≤ x < 22 0 0 96.875% + 0 = 96.875%
22 ≤ x < 24 0 0 96.875% + 0 =96.875%
24≤ x < 26 0 0 96.875% +0 = 96.875%
26 ≤ x < 28 96.875% + 3.125% =
1 (1/32) × 100 = 3.125%
100.00%
TOTAL 32 100%

(15)

2.1.1.1

The percentage of temperatures less than 16°C encompasses these two intervals
(12 ≤ x < 14) and (14 ≤ x < 16), so the overall frequency for temperatures < 16°C is 7
+ 8 = 15. Consequently, the percentage is (15/32) × 100 = 46.875%. (1)

2.1.1.2

The percentage of temperatures exceeding 18°C falls into two intervals: (18 ≤ x < 20)
and (x ≥ 20). Therefore, the total frequency for temperatures >18°C is calculated as
(18.75% - (2/32*100)) + ((1/32) × 100) = 9.375%.

OR

The percentage of temperatures exceeding 18°C specifically focuses on the

temperatures above 18°C in the given dataset, which are 19, 19, and 27. Therefore,

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the frequency of temperatures above 18°C is 3. By calculating the percentage as

(3/32) ×100, we find that the result is 9.375%.

2.1.2

Ordered Stem-and-Leaf Diagram:

Stem Leaf

2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,
1 7, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 9, 9

2 7

(5)

2.1.3 Histogram

To draw the histogram, use the intervals:

12 ≤ x < 14, 14 ≤ x < 16, 16 ≤ x < 18, 18 ≤ x < 20, 20 ≤ x < 22, 22 ≤ x < 24, 24 ≤ x <
26, and 26 ≤ x < 28

• The x-axis will represent the temperature intervals, and the y-axis will
represent the frequency.
• You can plot the frequency values for each interval on the histogram.

The bars should correspond to the frequencies:

7 for 12 ≤ x < 14

8 for 14 ≤ x < 16

10 for 16 ≤ x < 18

6 for 18 ≤ x < 20

0 for 20 ≤ x < 22
0 for 22 ≤ x < 24
0 for 24 ≤ x < 26
1 for 26 ≤ x < 28

There should be no gaps between the bars

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Histogram Showing the temperatures measured at night

(in ◦C)
12
Number of temperatures (in ◦C)

10
10
8
8 7
6
6

2 1

0
12 ≤ x < 14 14 ≤ x < 16 16 ≤ x < 18 18 ≤ x < 20 20 ≤ x < 22 22 ≤ x < 24 24≤x<26 26 ≤ x < 28
Interval of temperatures (in ◦C)

(Note: Always label your x-axis and the y-axis and give a title to your chart.
Example A histogram showing………)

(6)

2.1.4

2.1.4.1

The formula for the mean is:

∑(𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠)
Mean=
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠

Summing the data:

12+16+15+12+19+17+27+18+16+14+13+12+12+12+15+16+14+16+15+12+18+16+
17+16+15+16+18+ 15+16+15+18+19 = 502

Total number of data points = 32.

502
Therefore, Mean= =15.688°C (1)
32

2.1.4.2

To find the median:

• Arrange the data in order:

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12,12,12,12,12,12,13,14,14,15,15,15,15,15,15,16,16,16,16,16,16,16, 16,
17,17,18,18,18,18,19, 19, 27

The middle value is the 16th and 17th values (since there are 32 data points):

16+16
Both are 16. Median = = 16
2

Therefore, the median is 16°C. (1)

2.1.4.3 Mode

The mode is the value that appears most frequently in the dataset. The most
frequent temperature is 16°C (appearing 8 times). (1)

So, the mode is 16°C.

2.1.4.4

The variance (correct to three decimal places) (2)

𝑺𝒖𝒎 𝒐𝒇 𝒔𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒅 𝒅𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 ∑𝑵

𝒊=𝟏(𝑥𝑖 −μ )
2
Variance (s2) = = (𝑛−1)
(𝒔𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆 𝒔𝒊𝒛𝒆)

=
(𝟏𝟐− 15.688)2 + (𝟏𝟔−15.688 )2 + (𝟏𝟓−15.688 )2 +(𝟏𝟐−46.943 )2 + (𝟏𝟗−46.943 )2 +⋯….. +(𝟏𝟗−15.688 )2
(𝟑𝟐−𝟏)

= 8,802 (2)

You can use a formula, scientific calculator, or Microsoft Excel

To calculate population variance

1. Calculate the sample mean 𝑥̅

2. Calculate the deviation of each (𝑥𝑖 − 𝑥̅ )
data value from the mean
3. Square these deviations (𝑥𝑖 − 𝑥̅ )2
4. Sum these squared deviations ∑(𝑥𝑖 − 𝑥̅ )2
5. Lastly, average the squared (𝑛)
deviations by dividing by

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2.1.4.5 standard deviation = √𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = √8,802419 = 2,96688 = 2,967 (2)

2.1.4.6

To determine the lower quartile (Q1):

1. Use the data you have ordered in ascending or descending order when you
were determining the median in 2.1.4.2.

2. Use the median to divide the ordered data set into two halves.

3. The first (lower) half of the data will contain 16 values, and from these 16
data values, determine the median of the first half.

4. The lower quartile value is the median of the lower half of the data.
14+14
Q1 = =14 (1)
2

2.1.4.7

To determine the upper quartile (Q3):

1. Use the data you have ordered in ascending or descending order when you
were determining the median in in 2.1.4.2.

2. Use the median to divide the ordered data set into two halves.

3. The second (upper) half of the data will contain 16 values, and from these
16 data values, determine the median of the upper half.

4. The upper quartile value is the median of the upper half of the data.
17+17
and Q3= = 17 (1)
2

2.1.5

The data is skewed to the left because of the mean (15.688°C) < median (16°C) or
mean – median < 0. This suggests that the distribution of data is negatively skewed
around the central value. (2)

2.1.6

To check if the data contain the outliers or not, we use this formula:
Lower limit: Q1 - 1.5 (IQR) and upper limit Q3 + 1.5 (IQR)
Use the answers you found in 2.1.4.6 and 2.1.4.7 to find IQR and to
substitute in the in the lower and upper limits as follows:

• the interquartile range (IQR) = Q3 - Q1= 17-14 =3

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• So now, substitute in the formula: Lower limit: Q1 - 1.5 (IQR) and upper limit
Q3 + 1.5 (IQR)

That is:
Lower limit: 14 –1,5 (3) = 9,5 and
Upper limit: 17 + 1,5 (3) = 21,5

Data outside these limits are considered outliers (s). Looking at our data, 27
fall outside the limits; therefore, yes, the data contains an outlier: 27. (5)

2.1.7

The median is the best measure of central location because the data contains an
outlier. (2)

[46]

QUESTION3

3.1 Theoretical Probability

Theoretical probability is calculated by dividing the number of favorable outcomes by

the total number of outcomes. In this case, there are 8 pieces of paper in total, so the
probabilities are as follows.

• P(orange) = Number of orange pieces/Total pieces = 2/8 (1)

• P( green) = Number of green pieces/Total pieces = 3/8 (1)
• P(yellow) = Number of yellow pieces/Total pieces = 2/8 (1)
• P(blue) = Number of blue pieces/Total pieces = 1/8 (1)

3.2 Experimental Results

In this part of the problem, you are asked to actually pull a piece of paper 12 times,
record the results, and then return the piece to the bag each time.

Orange Green Blue Green

Green Orange Orange Blue

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Yellow Yellow
Yellow Yellow
(4)
(Note, the answers will differ based on the outcomes of the experiment).

3.3 Experimental Probability

The experimental probability is found by dividing the number of times a colour was
pulled by the total number of trials (12 in this case). For example, in this table, I
pulled orange 3 times, green 3 times, yellow 4 times, and blue 2 times. The
probabilities would be:

• Orange 3/12___________ (1)

• Green 3/12___________ (1)
• Yellow: 4/12___________ (1)
• Blue: 2/12___________ (1)

Note: Calculate the experimental probabilities using the results you recorded
from question 3.2.

3.4

In comparing the theoretical and experimental probabilities, you may notice slight
differences. The theoretical probability is based on the assumption of equal chances
over a long period, while the experimental probability is based on actual results,
which can vary in smaller samples.

• Theoretical probabilities are expected outcomes based on the total number

of pieces in the bag.
• Experimental probabilities are based on your specific trials and may differ
due to randomness and sample size.

(2)

3.5.1

The formula for probability is:

Number of favourable outcomes

P (Event) =
Total outcomes

• The number of male administrators is 5.

• The total number of staff members is 48.
5
P (Male administrator) = (2)
48

3.5.2

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Since the entire staff consists of teachers and administrators, selecting a staff
member means selecting either a teacher or an administrator. Hence, the probability
is:

P (Administrator or Teacher) = (Total number of Administrator staff /

8
Total number of staff) + (Total number of teacher staff/ Total number of staff) = +
48
40 48
= =1 (2)
48 48

3.5.3

This is a conditional probability question. The formula for conditional probability is:
5
48 5
P (Teacher | Female) = P(Teacher and Female)/ P(Female) = 8 = (2)
8
48

3.5.4

To find the probability of selecting either a teacher or a male (or both), we use the
formula additional rule for the union of two events:

P (Teacher or Male) =P(Teacher) + P(Male) − P (Teacher and Male)

40
• (Teacher): =
48
40
• P(Male):
48
35
• P(Teacher and Male) =
48

Substituting in the formula:

40 40 35 45
P (Teacher or Male) = + − = (2)
48 48 48 48

TOTAL: 100

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