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Richard Shweder Father of Modern Cultural Psychology

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7 views

Richard Shweder Father of Modern Cultural Psychology

notes

Uploaded by

profkeser76
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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 Cultural psychology is kind of challenge

to core ideas.
 Individual shapes culture, culture
shapes individual.
 Society + Culture = Sociocultural
Psychology.
 Culture isn’t a matter of individual. It’s
supraindividual.
 The American cultural anthropologist
Richard Shweder is considered father
of modern cultural psychology. He
argues that much of the field of
psychology—what he calls general
psychology—assumes that the mind
operates according to a set of natural and
universal laws that are independent from
context or content.
 Donald Brown’s book  Human
Universals.
 Many cultural psychologists would
argue that culture cannot be separated
from the mind because culture and mind
make each other up.

Chapter 1 Review Questions


1. According to the definitions in this
book, which of the following would not
be a good example of culture?
A. iPhones.
B. A child learning how to tie her shoes
from her mother.
C. A Child figures out how to create a
hammer by tying a rock to the end of a
stick.
D. A child is given a new puzzle that
she has never seen before, and she
discovers a new solution by herself.
E. A child learns to raise her hand in class
to get the teacher's attention.
2. An important difference between
cultural psychologists and general
psychologists is:
A. General psychologists study people who
have had their culture statistically
controlled for.
B. Cultural psychologists study people from
different cultures, while general
psychologists study people from one
culture.
C. Cultural psychologists believe the
mind is interdependent with context
and content, whereas general
psychologists believe the mind is
independent from context and
content.
D. General psychologists believe people are
born with essentially the same brain
everywhere, whereas cultural
psychologists believe people are born with
different kinds of brains in different
cultures.
E. General psychologists believe
experiences shape the mind, whereas
cultural psychologists believe experiences
do not shape the mind.
07.10.2024
 Culture refers to some kind of symbolic
coding—that is, having a set ofsignals,
icons, and words that indicate something
else most members ofthat culture
recognize. If we accept this definition,
then, yes, humans are the only species
having culture, because no other species
appears to have symbolic coding.
 Humans also seem to be somewhat
unique among species in 'whom they
choose to imitate.
 First way of learning is imitate.
 Th0mas Kempis (Keşiş, Hristiyan)
Imitating Jesus, because he deserves
imitating. ⚠
 Humans are quite particular about the
individuals they decide to learn from.
There are several different kinds of
learning biases that guide people in
choosing which models to imitate:
prestige bias, similarity bias, and
conformist transmission.
 People want to know who has prestige
—that is, those who have skills and are
respected by others—and they try to
imitate what those individuals are doing.
 Humans are also susceptible to having a
similarity bias: choosing whom to
imitate, and learn from, based on the
target’s similarity to themselves. If a
model shares much in common with you,
it’s more likely that the model has
information important for you to learn.
 Humans are also selective in whom they
choose to imitate by what’s known as
conformist transmission—a tendency to
learn from people who are engaging in
behaviors that are more common
compared with others (following
majority).
 Patriarchy: Rule of father. Determines
main general identity.
 Aristoteles  Mimesis  Imitation from
nature. ⚠

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