PROBLEM # 45

SOLVE:
YOUR WORK:

ANSWER KEY

1. 16
2.
3. 64
4.

5.

6.
7.
8.

9.

10.
11.

12.
13. 25

14.
15.

16.
17.

18.
19.

20.

21.

22.
23.

24.

25.

26.
27.

28.

29.
30.

31.
32.

33.
34. 1

35.
36.
37.
38.
39.

40.

41.

42.

43.
44.
45.

STEP BY STEP SOLUTIONS

PROBLEM # 1

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
In the above expression, the exponent is (2) and the base is (4). This means
that the base (4) is multiplied by itself twice as follows:

PROBLEM # 2

SOLVE: and

CORRECT ANSWER: and

The above expression shows two identical fractions . This fraction is

the base which includes the fraction and its sign. The sign is included with
the number because they are both enclosed within a parenthesis.
The first base has an even exponent which is (2).
The second fraction has an odd exponent which is (3).
The purpose of this exercise is to show how the negative sign is affected with
the use of an even versus an odd exponent.
Also:
The above expression follows property (5) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.

Hint 1:
Multiplying a negative sign that is raised to an even exponent always results
in a positive answer.
Hint 2:
Multiplying a negative sign that is raised to an odd exponent always results
in a negative answer.

PROBLEM # 3

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (2) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
Follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is inside each
parenthesis to the respected exponent.

PROBLEM # 4

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
In the above expression the base is (2). The exponent is (3).
It is important to note that the negative sign is not part of the base when
evaluating this expression. This is because it is not enclosed within a
parenthesis. Therefore, when doing the base multiplication, the negative sign
is not multiplied. Only the number (2) is multiplied. This will result in a
negative answer even though the exponent is odd.
Here is how to work this problem:
 PROBLEM # 5

SOLVE: and

CORRECT ANSWER: &

The above expression shows two fractions; both are . The difference is
that the first fraction is enclosed within a parenthesis making it the base
raised to the second power. In the second fraction, the numerator (2) is the
base since it is raised to the second power and not the denominator (3).
Also:
The first fraction follows property (5) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
Initially follow property (5) and simplify the problem by raising each integer
inside the parenthesis to the respected exponent as follows:

Here is how you solve the second fraction:

PROBLEM # 6
SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (2) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside the parenthesis to the respected exponent as follows:

Here is how you solve the problem:

PROBLEM # 7

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (1) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
Here is how you solve the problem:
 PROBLEM # 8

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (1) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
Initially follow property (1) and multiply the numbers and adding the
exponents on the variable as follows:

PROBLEM # 9

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (1) and (2) and (3) of the exponent
rules that are explained in the front of this workbook.
Initially follow properties (2) and (3) and rewrite the problem to simplify
solving it as follows:

Next multiply the exponents on the variable as seen below:

Next raise the bases to the powers and group numbers and variables as
follows:

Hint:

The number (2) above is actually a fraction

Next, multiply the numbers while adding the exponents of the variables.

The fractions can be simplified and the final result is:

PROBLEM # 10

SOLVE:
CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (1) and (2) of the exponent rules
which are explained in the front of this workbook.
And also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside each parenthesis to the respected exponent.

Rewrite the problem with positive exponents by using the reciprocal of the
base raised to a positive exponent as follows:

Perform the multiplication operation as follows:

Perform the multiplication operation next. Keep in mind that multiplying the
( ) variable follows property (1) that requires the exponents (powers) to be
added:
Finally raise the numbers to the related exponents as follows:

PROBLEM # 11

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (1) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
Initially follow property (1) and add the exponent on the variable as follows:

PROBLEM # 12

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (1) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
Initially follow property (1) by regrouping the numbers and adding the
exponents on the variable as follows:

Based on the information explained in the front of this workbook, any base
raised to a zero power will equal (1).

This fraction can be simplified to:

PROBLEM # 13

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:

A base is raised to the first power will always equal itself therefore the (5) in
the denominator raised to the power of (1) will equal (5).
Here is how to solve the rest of the problem:
Multiply the numerator by itself three times to get:

This can be simplified to:

 PROBLEM # 14

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (1) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
And also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially follow property (1) by grouping the numbers and adding the
exponents on the similar bases as follows:

Multiply the numbers and add the exponents on the different variables as
follows:

Rewrite the problem with positive exponents by using the reciprocal of the
base ( ) raised to a positive exponent as follows:

Complete the problem by multiplying the numerators as follows. Remember

that the number (24) and the variables ( ) and are each a fraction over
the number one. This can be rewritten as follows:
Finally complete the final multiplication to get the answer:

PROBLEM # 15

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression shows the base to be
The sign is included with the number because they are both enclosed within a
parenthesis.
The purpose of this exercise is to show how the negative sign is affected with
the use of an even exponent.
Also:
The above expression follows property (2) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
The problem can be written as follows to simplify it:

Hint:
Multiplying a negative sign that is raised to an even exponent always results
in a positive answer.
 PROBLEM # 16

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (1), (2) and (4) of the exponent rules
which are explained in the front of this workbook.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside each parenthesis to the respected exponent.

Next follow property (1) and add the exponents on the same base in the
numerator as follows:

Next follow property (4) and subtract the exponent on the same base as
follows:
Finally, rewrite the problem with positive exponents by using the reciprocal
of the base ( ) raised to a positive exponent as follows:

PROBLEM # 17

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (2) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside each parenthesis to the respected exponent as follows:

PROBLEM # 18

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (1), (2) and (4) of the exponent rules
which are explained in the front of this workbook.
And also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside each parenthesis to the respected exponent as follows:

Next, follow property (2) and add the exponents on the base in the numerator
as follows:

Next, follow property (4) and subtract the exponents on the similar base in
the fraction as follows:

Finally, use the reciprocal of the answer in order to leave the solution in a
positive exponent as follows:
 PROBLEM # 19

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (1), (2) and (3) of the exponent rules
which are explained in the front of this workbook.
Initially follow properties (2) and (3) and raise the bases inside the
parenthesis to the respected exponents as follows:

Next, raise the numbers to the exponents as follows:

Finally, follow property (1) by multiplying the numbers and adding the
exponents on the variable to solve the problem as follows:

PROBLEM # 20

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (4) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
And also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially simplify the numbers by using the division operation as follows:

Next follow property (4) and rewrite the problem in a simplified manner. as
follows:

Finally, use the reciprocal of the answer in order to leave the solution in a
positive exponent as follows:

PROBLEM # 21

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Uses the reciprocal of the base raised to a positive exponent and solve the
problem as follows:
 PROBLEM # 22

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (3) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
And also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially follow property (3) and raise the base inside the parenthesis to the
exponent as follows:

Next, use the reciprocal of the base raised to a positive exponent as follows:

Finally, raise the number to the exponent to solve the problem as follows:
 PROBLEM # 23

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (4) of the exponent rules which is
explained in the front of this workbook.
Subtract the exponents on the variable as follows to solve the problem:

PROBLEM # 24

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
A base raised to the power of (0) equals (1) therefore the in the numerator
equals to (1) .
A base of (1) raised to any power equals itself. Therefore, the answer is as
follows:

PROBLEM # 25

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (4) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
And also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
And also:
A base raised to the power of (0) equals (1).
Initially simplify the numbers by using the division operation as follows:

Next follow property (4) and rewrite the problem in a simplified manner as
follows:

Finally, use the reciprocal of the base raised to a positive exponent and solve
the problem as follows:

PROBLEM # 26

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (2) and (4) of the exponent rules
which are explained in the front of this workbook.
And also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside the parenthesis to the respected exponent as follows:

Next, simplify the above expression by raising each number to its appropriate
exponent as follows:

Next, simplify further by dividing the number 81 into itself and follow
property (4) and subtract the exponents on the ( ) variable as follows:
 =

Finally, use the reciprocal of the base ( ) raised to a positive exponent to

complete the problem as follows:

PROBLEM # 27

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (1) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
In order to solve the problem, follow property (1) and multiply the numbers
and multiply the variables while adding their exponents as follows:

PROBLEM # 28

SOLVE:
CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (2) and (4) of the exponent rules
which are explained in the front of this workbook.
And also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside the parenthesis to the respected exponent as follows:

Next raise the numbers to the exponents as follows:

Next simplify the numbers by using the division operation as follows:

Next follow property (4) subtract the exponents on the ( ) variable as

follows:

Finally use the reciprocal of the ( ) and the ( ) variables raised to a positive
exponent to complete the problems as follows:
 PROBLEM # 29

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (4) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
And also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially subtract the exponent on the base ( ) in the problem as follows:

Next use the reciprocal of the base ( ) with a positive exponent as follows:

The solution to the problem can either be left as it is above or the base ( )
can be raised to the exponent ( ) if needed.

PROBLEM # 30
SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (1) and (2) of the exponent rules
which are explained in the front of this workbook.
And also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside the parenthesis to the respected exponent as follows:

Next use the reciprocal of the base ( ) in the second parenthesis with a
positive exponent as follows

Next multiply what is inside both parenthesis and add the exponents of the
similar bases as follows:

Finally, use the reciprocal of the variable raised to the positive exponent
to complete the problem as follows:

PROBLEM # 31

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows property (4) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
And also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially follow property (4) and subtract the exponents on the variable as
follows:

Finally, use the reciprocal of the variable ( ) raised to the positive exponent
to complete the problem as follows:
 PROBLEM # 32

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
In order to solve this problem it is advisable to use positive exponents by
using the reciprocal of the numerator and denominator. This will result in the
numerator and denominators being switched as follows:

Since the base is the same, the problem will then follow property (4) of the
exponent rules which are explained in the front of this workbook.
Therefore rewrite the problem as follows:

Finally raise the base to the exponent as follows:

PROBLEM # 33

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (1) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
And also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially follow property (1) by multiplying the numbers and adding the
exponents on the similar variable bases as follows:

Finally, use the reciprocal of the variable ( ) raised to the positive exponent
to complete the problem as follows:

PROBLEM # 34

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
A base (whether a number or a variable) raised to the power of (0) equals (1).
Therefore the answer to the above problems is as follows:

PROBLEM # 35

SOLVE:
CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (2) and (4) of the exponent rules
which are explained in the front of this workbook.
And also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside each parenthesis to the respected exponent as follows:

Next follow property (4) and subtract the exponents on the variables as
follows:

Finally, use the reciprocal of the bases ( ) and ( ) with a positive exponent to
complete the problem:

PROBLEM # 36
SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (1), (2) and (4) of the exponent rules
which are explained in the front of this workbook.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside each parenthesis to the respected exponent as follows:

Next follow property (1) and add the exponents in the numerator as follows:

Finally follow property (4) and subtract the exponents in the numerator and
denominator to solve the problem as follows:

PROBLEM # 37
SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (1), (2) and (4) of the exponent rules
which are explained in the front of this workbook.
And also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.

Hints to remember:

1. The first part of the problem is considered a numerator with a

denominator of (1).

2. The second part of the problem is raised to a negative

power. It will be easier to tackle this problem by switching the
numerator and denominator and changing the (2) exponent to a
positive exponent as follows:

The problem can now be rewritten as follows:

Next follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is inside
each parenthesis to the respected exponent as follows:

Follow property (1) and multiply the numerators and denominator while
adding the exponents on the similar bases as follows:

Follow property (4) and divide the numerators and denominator while
subtracting the exponents on the similar bases as follows:

PROBLEM # 38

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (1), (2) and (4) of the exponent rules
which are explained in the front of this workbook.
And also
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside each parenthesis to the respected exponent as follows:

Follow properties (1) and multiply the numerators and denominator while
adding the exponents on the similar bases as follows:

Follow properties (4) and divide the numerators and denominator while
subtracting the exponents on the similar bases as follows:
 PROBLEM # 39

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (2) and (4) of the exponent rules
which are explained in the front of this workbook.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside each parenthesis to the respected exponent as follows:

Follow properties (4) and divide the numerators and denominator while
subtracting the exponents on the similar bases as follows:

PROBLEM # 40

SOLVE:
CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (1), (2) and (4) of the exponent rules
which are explained in the front of this workbook.
And also
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside each parenthesis to the respected exponent as follows:

Follow properties (1) and multiply the numerator while adding the exponents
on the similar bases as follows:

Follow properties (4) and divide the numerators and denominator while
subtracting the exponents on the similar bases as follows:
Finally, use the reciprocal of the base (a) with a positive exponent to solve
the problem as follows:

PROBLEM # 41

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
A base (whether a number or a variable) raised to the power of (0) equals

(1). Therefore, the second part of the problem will result in a

solution of (1).
The problem can now be rewritten as follows:

A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of

the base raise to the positive exponent.
Therefore use the reciprocal of the base to solve the problem as follows:
 PROBLEM # 42

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (2) and (4) of the exponent rules
which are explained in the front of this workbook.
And Also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
And Also:
A base (whether a number or a variable) raised to the power of (0) equals (1).
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside each parenthesis to the respected exponent.

The variable in the denominator has been changed to (1) because it is

raised to the power of (0).

Follow properties (4) and divide the numerators and denominator while
subtracting the exponents on the similar bases as follows:

Finally, use the reciprocal of the bases ( ) and ( ) with a positive exponent
to solve the problem as follows:

PROBLEM # 43

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (4) of the exponent rules which are
explained in the front of this workbook.
Follow properties (4) and divide the numerators and denominator while
subtracting the exponents on the similar bases as follows:
 PROBLEM # 44

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (1), (2) and (4) of the exponent rules
which is explained in the front of this workbook.
Also:
A base raised to a negative exponent will always result in the reciprocal of
the base raise to the positive exponent.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside each parenthesis to the respected exponent.

The variable ( ) in the denominator of the second fraction will be changed to

(1) because it is raised to the power of (0):

Follow properties (1) and multiply the numerators and denominator while
adding the exponents on the similar bases as follows:
Follow properties (4) and divide the numerators and denominator while
subtracting the exponents on the similar bases as follows:

Finally, use the reciprocal of the base ( ) with a positive exponent to solve
the problem as follows:

PROBLEM # 45

SOLVE:

CORRECT ANSWER:
The above expression follows properties (2) and (4) of the exponent rules
which is explained in the front of this workbook.
Initially follow property (2) and simplify the problem by raising what is
inside each parenthesis to the respected exponent.

Follow properties (4) and divide the numerators and denominator while
subtracting the exponents on the similar bases to solve the problem as
follows:

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