Prework Learning Workshop Activity – M1 Learning Objective Maps Anatomy & Physiology 235

Group #

Learning Objective
 Students will use metacognitive learning strategies when studying.

Instructions: Use the table to map 1) each key term, 2) the learning guide questions, and 3) the pre-quiz questions to the module learning
objective(s) that they address. Copy and paste the key terms and write the question numbers in the table. Key terms and questions may be
mapped to more than one learning objective. After everything is mapped, 4) write statements explaining why incorrect pre-quiz answer choices
are wrong.

Learning Guide Pre-Quiz

M1 Learning Objectives Key Terms
Questions Questions
1. Students will be able to apply basic core concepts in biology and anatomy, cell, epithelial, organ system,
physiology to their study of human physiology and health. physiology, tissue, organism,
homeostasis, metabolism

2. Students will be able to develop and use feedback models to homeostasis, negative feedback systems,
explain how physiological variables in the internal environment are positive feedback systems, feed-forward
regulated to maintain homeostasis. systems, sensor or receptor, effector,
control center or integrator

3. Students will be able to identify the body organ systems, organ systems, main functions,
describe their main functions, and articulate simple explanations interactions
describing how each system interacts with the other systems.

4. Students will know how human bodies are organized and be able epithilal, connective tissues, muscle,
to identify the four tissue types, the body fluid compartments, and nervous tissues, intracellular fluid (ICF),
identify structure-function relationships. ECF, Plasma, ISF

5. Students will be able to explain how organ systems mediate endocrine system, nervous system,
exchange of materials between the human body and the homeostasis, hormones,
environment occur. neurotransmitters, electrical
signals, chemical signals

Janet L. Branchaw, Ph.D.

Prework Learning Workshop Activity – M1 Learning Objective Maps Anatomy & Physiology 235

6. Students will be able to compare and contrast the ways in which endocrine system, nervous system,
the endocrine and nervous systems coordinate function across homeostasis, hormones,
organ systems to maintain homeostasis. neurotransmitters, electrical signals,
chemical signals

7. Students will be able to predict the type of control system used feed-forward systems, feed-forward
to regulate functions. systems, feed-forward systems,

1) Key Terms - Copy and paste the key terms in the table.
anatomy, cell, epithelial, organ system, epithelia, body fluid compartments, plasma, metabolism, variable, control center or integrator, electrical signals,
physiology, tissue, organism, connective tissues, intracellular fluid (ICF), homeostasis, negative feedback systems, sensor or receptor, effector, chemical signals,
atom, muscle, connective, neurons, lumen, exocrine gland, extracellular fluid (ECF), mass balance, positive feedback systems, set point, local reflex control
systems, molecule, nervous, organ, muscle fibers, endocrine gland, interstitial fluid (ISF), excretion, feed-forward systems, error signal, long distance reflex
control systems

2) Learning Guide Questions - Write the question numbers in the table.

1. Order the biological entities in the column on the left by scale, from smallest to largest. Second, map the science disciplines listed in the right column to
the biological entities studied in those disciplines. Note: Individual biological entities are studied by more than one discipline.
2. Based on the information provided in the Biology & Physiology Core Concepts handout, briefly describe how each of the more specific physiology
concepts is related to an element of at least two (or more!) of the biology core concepts.
3. What are the four tissue/cell types and their main functions?
4. What are organs and organ systems? How are they related to tissues?
5. Describe the main functions of each human organ system:
6. What is homeostasis?
7. Define the following body fluid compartments. What are the major solutes in each compartment? Of the total volume, what fraction is in ICF and ECF
(ISF and plasma)?
8. Explain whether and how materials exchange between the various body fluid compartments.
9. How and where in the body does exchange of fluid and materials with the external environment occur?
10. What are the two major homeostatic control systems in the body? What are the differences between the two systems with regard to anatomy, types of
signals, speed of signal, magnitude of signal and specificity of signal for target?
11. Compare and contrast negative feedback, positive feedback and feed-forward (or anticipatory) control systems by drawing a general diagram to
represent each. Give at least two physiological examples of each type of control system.

Janet L. Branchaw, Ph.D.

Prework Learning Workshop Activity – M1 Learning Objective Maps Anatomy & Physiology 235

12. Describe the roles that local and long-distance signals have regarding local cell and tissue function and the maintenance of homeostasis. When might
these two types of signals be in conflict?

3) Pre-Quiz Questions - Write the question numbers in the table.

1. When the room temperature decreases, so does one's body temperature. The body responds by shivering, which is a rapid rhythmical contraction of
skeletal muscles. The muscle contractions produce a large amount of heat, which increases the body temperature. This is an example of:
A. negative feedback regulation
B. positive feedback regulation
C. feed forward regulation
D. an integrating center
E. a sensor

2. Homeostasis is the regulation of:

A. an organism’s external environment.
B. a variable in the organism's extracellular fluid.
C. the number of integrators in a system.
D. the number of effectors in a system.
E. the pH of fluids swallowed by an organism.

3. Which organ system is primarily responsible for protecting the body from conditions in the external environment?
A. integumentary system
B. cardiovascular system
C. respiratory system
D. endocrine system
E. renal (urinary) system

4. In order of increasing complexity of the body structures, fill in the blanks:

Cell → _____ → ____ → Organ System
A. tissue → organ
B. muscle fiber → epithelium
C. fiber → gland
D. cardiac muscle → connective tissue
E. organ → effector

5. Across which of the following types of cells would an exchange of materials between an organism’s internal and external environment occur?

Janet L. Branchaw, Ph.D.

Prework Learning Workshop Activity – M1 Learning Objective Maps Anatomy & Physiology 235

A. epithelial
B. blood
C. bone
D. neuron
E. skeletal

6. Your friend has eaten an exceptionally tasty meal. Expansion of their stomach is immediately sensed and digestive hormones are released as a result. The
stretch in the stomach wall and subsequent release of digestive hormones is regulated by which system?
A. nervous system
B. respiratory system
C. urinary system
D. skeletal system
E. muscular system

7. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding body fluid compartment composition?
A. Roughly 40% of body weight is extracellular fluid (ECF)
B. Roughly 40% of body weight is interstitial (ISF) fluid
C. Roughly 40% of body weight is blood plasma
D. Roughly 40% of body weight is extrastitial fluid (ESF)
E. Roughly 40% of body weight is intracellular (ICF) fluid

8. In the disease Type 1 diabetes mellitus, beta cells in the pancreas become damaged and are no longer able to secrete insulin. Consequently, blood glucose
levels are not maintained within homeostatic ranges. Damaged beta cells unable to secrete insulin reflects which core concept in biology?
A. pathways and transformations of energy and matter (PTEM)
B. information, flow, exchange and storage (IFES)
C. structure and function (SF)
D. evolution
E. systems biology

9.The amount of salt (NaCl) in the body is determined by the amount ingested through the gastrointestinal system and the amount excreted by the renal
(urine) and integumentary (sweat) systems. This is an example of which core concept in physiology?
A. cell-cell communication
B. flow down gradients
C. interdependence
D. mass balance
E. causality

10. Which type of feedback system primarily controls blood plasma levels of glucose following ingestion of a meal?

Janet L. Branchaw, Ph.D.

Prework Learning Workshop Activity – M1 Learning Objective Maps Anatomy & Physiology 235

A. negative feedback signals responding to glucose levels

B. feed forward regulation of glucose levels
C. positive feedback signals in response to glucose levels
D. negative feedback signals sent to the smooth muscle of the stomach
E. no feedback system controls blood plasma glucose levels

11. Each human kidney contains roughly 1 million nephrons that filter blood and produce urine. Nephrons receive hormone signals that regulate their activity
based on changes in blood pressure and extracellular fluid (ECF) osmolarity. This is an example of which physiology core concept?
A. pathways and transformations of energy and matter
B. evolution
C. flow down gradients
D. interdependence
E. systems biology

12. The composition of the Interstitial fluid (ISF) is most similar to ______ .
A. Intracellular fluid (ICF)
B. Blood Plasma
C. Urinary excretion
D. Pure water
E. Stomach contents

13. Which control system, nervous or endocrine, would best suited to regulate blood pressure on a minute-to-minute basis?
A. nervous
B. endocrine

14. Which organ system is responsible for regulating the development of eggs and sperm for reproduction?
A. integumentary system
B. cardiovascular system
C. respiratory system
D. endocrine system
E. renal (urinary) system

15. Movement of excess salt from the blood to the urine for excretion occurs across which type of tissue?
A. endocrine
B. muscle
C. epithelial
D. nervous
E. connective

Janet L. Branchaw, Ph.D.

Prework Learning Workshop Activity – M1 Learning Objective Maps Anatomy & Physiology 235

4) Pre-Quiz Questions - For the pre-quiz questions, write statements explaining why the incorrect answers are wrong. The statements can be inserted
after the incorrect answer choices in a different color.

Janet L. Branchaw, Ph.D.