Design of a of a mixing paint

drum with a capacity of 3.53 L

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Design of a of a mixing paint drum with a capacity of 30.6 L
• Paint mixing is mostly done locally by hand or by stick, or by manually
operated machines which involves moving a lever to turn the shaft on which
the agitator is attached, which mixes the paint.
• These local methods of mixing paint are not only primitive, but time and
energy consuming.
• Hence, the need for an electrically operated paint mixing machine.

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 Mechanical design of equipment
The essential feature of a mixer are:
• The tank, which is the mixing vessel: Is a vessel which contain the material
to be mixed
• The agitator: Is the means by which power transmitted is used in mixing the
materials with the aid of a rotary blades. Agitator could be gear driven or
belt driven
• The power sources: Power is drawn by electric motor and it is transmitted
through a shaft to the agitator

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 Design Dimension and Calculation
(A)The Tank
First calculate the volume of the drum
-Height, H= 200 mm
-Diameter , d = 173 mm
Volume of the drum Vd, V   d h 2

d
4

3.142  (173) 2  200


4
= 4,707,845.9 mm
= 0.0047078459 m3
The volume of the drum is the total capacity of the drum.

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• Now calculate the capacity of your mixing material
• The mixing capacity of the drum is taken as 75% of the total capacity, and it
is calculated as:
Vm  3  0.0047078459
4

• = 0.003530884425 m3
• = 3.53 L

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(B) Speed of the agitator (impeller)
• Let say the speed of motor (NS) = 1400 rev/min
• Note that the ratio between the velocity of the belt and the driven pulleys.
DS = Diameter of driver/Motor = 68 mm
DL = Diameter of driven/Agitator = 160 mm
NL = Speed of agitator =?
Therefore, length of belt that passes over the motor in one minute = π DSNS
And length of belt that passes over the agitator in one minute = πDLNL
  DS N S   DL N L
NS DS

NL DL

68
NL  1400  595 rev / min
160
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(C) Electric motor sizing
Power transmitted by the motor: P0  (1.73nm  Pi  cos  ) /1000
• Where Pi = 550 W (0.74 hp) = Rated power of the electric motor
• The standard efficiency of a 1 hp motor is about 75%. Thus, an electric motor
of 0.74 hp will have an efficiency of 55.5% i.e. ηm = 55.5% = 0.555
• The power factor of the motor is given as 0.71 i.e. cosϕ = 0.71
• Thus, to determine the power transmitted by the motor, we have:
1.73  0.555  550  0.71
P0   0.375kW  375W
1000

• Torque transmitted by the motor:

60 P0 60  375
T   2.56 N  m  2560 N  mm
2 N S 2   1400
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(D) Belt design
Table 1. Dimensions of standard V-belts

Speed of belt:

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Length of belt

• Hence, let x = 500 mm (it is assumed that space is available)

• Thus, to determine the belt length, we have:
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As a guideline, to take into consideration the initial tension, the belt length is
shortened by 1%. Hence, the required belt length,

• Angle of wrap:

Now, from the relation below

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• One can now find the angle wrap as:

• Design Power is given as:

• Where, P0 = 375 W
• For agitators for liquids, blowers, exhausters etc. The service factor for the
belt for normal service is taken as 1.1 i.e. Cs = 1.1
• Thus, the design power becomes,
P0 = 1.1 × 375 = 413 W

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(e) Design of the agitator shaft
• Diameter of the shaft:
• The turbine shaft is subjected to twisting (torque) moment only due to the
shaft rotation. As a result, the shaft is designed based only on the twisting
moment. In actual sense, the shaft is subjected to fluctuating torque, and one
must take into account the combined shock and fatigue factors for the
computed torque.
• Table 2 shows recommended values for combined shock and fatigue factors
for shafts subjected to torsion.
• Thus, to design the shaft, subjected to fluctuating torque, we use the
following relation:

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Table 2. Recommended values for combined shock and fatigue factors for shafts
subjected to torsion

• Where,
• T = 2560 N-mm, τ = 40 MPa (for commercial steel shafting with keyway)
• Thus, to determine the shaft diameter, we have:

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• From Table 2, taking the torsion factor to be one for a rotating shaft
subjected to heavy shock due to the vibration created by the rotary speed
of the electric motor, the diameter of the shaft then becomes:
ds = 7 × 3.0 = 21 mm
• This is the calculated shaft diameter. The actual shaft diameter used for
the design is taken above the calculated shaft diameter.
• i.e. Actual diameter of shaft, da = 30 mm

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• Weight of the shaft:
• With the shaft diameter already determined and given that the length is
known to be 1040 mm, the weight of the shaft can be calculated as:

• Now, from the expression below

• Where, ρs = 7700 kg/m3 for stainless steel

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• Thus, mass of shaft ms = 7700 × 0.000735 = 5.66 kg
• Now, the weight of the shaft is obtained as Ws = msg
= 5.66 × 9.81 = 55.53 N

(F) Design of the mixing disc

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• Thus, to determine the area of the disc, we have

• Therefore, the volume of the disc is gotten to be:

• Where ta is the thickness of the dick

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 Design specifications
• From all we have calculated, which means our design specification are:
• The paint mixing machine was to be powered with a three phase (3∅)
electric motor of 550 W (0.74 hp), 220 V, and 2.8 amps. rating, and an
engine speed of 1400 rev/min. The speed of the mixing disc (blade) is 595
rev/min, and the equipment was to have the capacity to produce 3.53 L of
paint in a single mix.

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Material Selection and Construction Details
• The selection of materials for the different parts of the paint mixing
machine depends on the strength or tension/compression the
components can withstand. Table 3 below shows the materials
chosen for each component of the paint mixer, and their fabrication
methods. The estimated cost for each component are as well shown
below in Table 4.

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• Table 3. Material selection and the fabrication methods for the
components of the paint mixer

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 References
1. Omorusi II (2020) Design and Construction of an Electrically Operated
Paint Mixing Machine. Journal of Engineering Research and Reports, 14(3):
20-29.
2. Musabyimana F. Design and Implementation of Paint Mixing Machine in
Rwanda. (Unpublished) Accessed 18th March 2021.
3. Khurmi RS, Gupta JK. A textbook of machine design, 14th Ed. S. Chand
and Company limited, New Delhi, India; 2015
4. Kareem B, Ewetumo T, Adeyeri MK, Oyetunji A, Olatunji OE (2018)
Design of steam turbine for electric power production using heat energy from
palm kernel shell. Journal of Power and Energy Engineering, 6:117.

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• Table 4. Bill of engineering measurements and evaluation for the
paint mixer [1]

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