An assignment for

Refrigeration and Air-conditioning

(3171918)

B.E. Semester 7 (Mechanical)

Directorate of Technical Education, Gandhinagar,

Gujarat
 Government Engineering College, Bhavnagar
Certificate

This is to certify that Mr./Ms. ___________________________________

________ Enrollment No. _______________ of B.E. Semester _____
Mechanical Engineering of this Institute (GTU Code: ___________ ) has
satisfactorily completed the Practical / Tutorial work for the subject
Refrigeration and Air-conditioning (3171918) for the academic year
__________.

Place: __________
Date: __________

Name and Sign of Faculty member

Head of the Department

Refrigeration and Air-conditioning (3171918)

Preface

Main motto of any laboratory/practical/field work is for enhancing required skills as well as
creating ability amongst students to solve real time problem by developing relevant
competencies in psychomotor domain. By keeping in view, GTU has designed competency
focused outcome-based curriculum for engineering degree programs where sufficient weightage
is given to practical work. It shows importance of enhancement of skills amongst the students
and it pays attention to utilize every second of time allotted for practical amongst students,
instructors and faculty members to achieve relevant outcomes by performing the experiments
rather than having merely study type experiments. It is must for effective implementation of
competency focused outcome-based curriculum that every practical is keenly designed to serve
as a tool to develop and enhance relevant competency required by the various industry among
every student. These psychomotor skills are very difficult to develop through traditional chalk
and board content delivery method in the classroom. Accordingly, this lab manual is designed
to focus on the industry defined relevant outcomes, rather than old practice of conducting
practical to prove concept and theory.

By using this lab manual students can go through the relevant theory and procedure in advance
before the actual performance which creates an interest and students can have basic idea prior to
performance. This in turn enhances pre-determined outcomes amongst students. Each
experiment in this manual begins with competency, industry relevant skills, course outcomes as
well as practical outcomes (objectives). The students will also achieve safety and necessary
precautions to be taken while performing practical.

This manual also provides guidelines to faculty members to facilitate student centric lab
activities through each experiment by arranging and managing necessary resources in order that
the students follow the procedures with required safety and necessary precautions to achieve the
outcomes. It also gives an idea that how students will be assessed by providing rubrics.

Refrigeration and Air-conditioning is the course which provides an understanding of

Refrigeration and Air-conditioning fundamentals. The course consists of different refrigeration
cycles, types, components and understanding of air distribution along with type of air-
conditioning. Further, the load calculations for producing comfort air-conditioning and
procedure for duct deign also addressed in this course.

Utmost care has been taken while preparing this lab manual however always there is chances of
improvement. Therefore, we welcome constructive suggestions for improvement and removal
of errors if any.
Refrigeration and Air-conditioning (3171918)

Practical – Course Outcome matrix

Course Outcomes (COs):

CO-1: To select proper refrigerant for various applications and make basic calculations of aircraft
refrigeration.
CO-2: To analyze multi-evaporator systems and simple vapor absorption systems.
CO-3: To explain construction and working of different refrigeration system components.
CO-4: To solve air-conditioning load calculations for buildings and automobiles.
CO-5: To select proper air-conditioning system for various applications and construct duct layout for the
systems.
Refrigeration and Air-conditioning (3171918)
Industry Relevant Skills
The following industry relevant competencies are expected to be developed in the student by
undertaking the practical work of this laboratory.
1. Testing the performance of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning devices.
2. Selecting the material for the required RAC system and its layout.

Guidelines for Faculty members

1. Teacher should provide the guideline with demonstration of practical to the students
with all features.
2. Teacher shall explain basic concepts/theory related to the experiment to the students
before starting of each practical
3. Involve all the students in performance of each experiment.
4. Teacher is expected to share the skills and competencies to be developed in the
students and ensure that the respective skills and competencies are developed in the
students after the completion of the experimentation.
5. Teachers should give opportunity to students for hands-on experience after the
demonstration.
6. Teacher may provide additional knowledge and skills to the students even though not
covered in the manual but are expected from the students by concerned industry.
7. Give practical assignment and assess the performance of students based on task
assigned to check whether it is as per the instructions or not.
8. Teacher is expected to refer complete curriculum of the course and follow the
guidelines for implementation.

Instructions for Students

1. Students are expected to carefully listen to all the theory classes delivered by the faculty
members and understand the COs, content of the course, teaching and examination
scheme, skill set to be developed etc.
2. Students shall organize the work in the group and make record of all observations.
3. Students shall develop maintenance skill as expected by industries.
4. Student shall attempt to develop related hand-on skills and build confidence.
5. Student shall develop the habits of evolving more ideas, innovations, skills etc. apart from
those included in scope of manual.
6. Student shall refer technical magazines and ASHRAE design data books.
7. Student should develop a habit of submitting the experimentation work as per the schedule
and should be well prepared for the same.

Common Safety Instructions

1. Students are expected to carefully wear goggles and gloves while charging refrigerants to
the system.
2. Maintain laboratory clean and organized.
3. Switch off the main power supply to the experimental set up on completion of experiment.
4. Loose clothing and jewellery are prohibited.
5. Do not leave any running experimental set up unattended.
 Index

(Progressive Assessment Sheet)

Sr. Assignment Page Date of Date of Assessment Sign. of Remarks

No. number No. allotment submission Marks Teacher
with date
4 4

5 5

Total
 Assignment - 1
(CO1)
1.
A refrigeration machine of 6 tones capacity working on Bell coleman cycle has an upper limit
pressure of 5.2 bar. The pressure and temperature at the start of the compression are 1 bar and
18°C respectively. The cooled compressed air enters the expander at 41°C. assuming both
expansion and compression to be adiabatic with an index of 1.4.
Calculate:-
(i) Co-efficient of performance.
(ii) Quantity of air circulated per minute.
(iii) Piston displacement of compressor and expander
(iv) Bore of compression and expansion cylinder when the unit runs at 240 rpm and is
double acting with stroke length =200 mm
(v) Power required to drive the unit

2.
An air refrigerator system operating on Bell Coleman cycle, takes in air from cold room at 268 K
and compresses it from 1 bar to 5.5 bar the index of compression being 1.25. the compressed air is
cooled to 300 K. the ambient temperature is 20ºC. Air expands in expander where the index of
expansion is 1.35.

Calculate:
i) C.O.P of the system
ii) Quantity of air circulated per minute for production of 1500 kg of ice per day at
0°C from water at 20ºC.
iii) Capacity of the plant.

3.
An air refrigeration system is to be designed according to the following specifications
Pressure of air at compressor inlet=101kPa
Pressure of work at compressor outlet=404kPa
Pressure loss in the inter cooler=12kPa
Pressure loss in the cold chamber=3kPa
Temperature of air at compressor inlet=7°
Temperature of air at turbine inlet=27°
Isentropic efficiency of compressor =85%
Isentropic efficiency of turbine =85%
Determine
i) C.O.P of cycle
ii) Power required to produce 1 ton of refrigeration
iii) Mass flow rate of air required for 1 ton of refrigeration
 Assignment - 2
(CO2)

2. The figure given below shows a multi-evaporator, vapour compression refrigeration system
working with ammonia. The refrigeration capacity of the high temperature evaporator operating at –
o o
6.7 C is 5 TR, while it is 10 TR for the low temperature evaporator operating at –34.4 C. The
condenser pressure is 10.8 bar. Assuming saturated conditions at the exit of evaporators and
condenser, ammonia vapour to behave as an ideal gas with a gas constant of 0.4882 kJ/kg.K and
isentropic index (c /c ) of 1.29, and isentropic compression:
p v
a) Find the required power input to compressor in kW
b) Find the required power input if instead of using a single compressor, individual compressors are
used for low and high temperature evaporators.
Use the data given in the table:

Fig. 1. Multi evaporator system.