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Q3 (20 Marks) : 30 Min 0.5 CM

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36 views4 pages

Q3 (20 Marks) : 30 Min 0.5 CM

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h3425034
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PH1012

(b) Using the following facts, estimate the rate at which heat is generated by the sun
(in W): the heat from the Sun takes about 30 min to melt a slab of ice 0.5 cm thick at
0oC on Earth at noon time near the equator on a day with no cloud cover. The average
Sun-Earth distance is about 150 million kilometres. (You may assume that the Earth
moves in a circle round the Sun and that the Sun radiates heat uniformly in all
directions.) The density of ice is 917 kg m-3 and the latent heat of fusion of ice is
334 × 103 J kg −1 .

Q3 (20 marks)

(a) As shown in Figure 3(a), we have a very long thin


straight conductor with uniform charge per unit length
𝜆. Using Gauss’s law, derive the expression for the
magnitude of the electric field |𝐸⃗⃗ | at a distance 𝑅
(near but outside) from the center of the wire. Figure3(a)

(b) Figure 3(b) shows three charges and the net force on charge −q. Charge Q is some
multiple α of q. What is α? Leave your answer to 2 decimal places.

40∘

Figure 3(b)
(c) The figure below shows the equipotential
lines due to three point objects with charges
𝑄1, 𝑄2 and 𝑄3 . Six points A, B, C, D, E, F
has been marked on the plane shown.

i. Write down the sign of the charges 𝑄1 , and


𝑄2 .
ii. Which point on the plane does the electric
field have the largest magnitude?

An object with mass 5.6 × 10−7 kg and charge


𝑞 = 1.4 𝜇𝐶 (labelled as +q in Figure 3 (c)) is
released from rest at the −20 V line near 𝑄1.
iii. On Figure 3(c), indicate the direction of the Equipotential lines are drawn to scale
electric field at that point with an arrow. Figure 3(c)
iv. Calculate the speed of the object when it
moves past the −30 V line near 𝑄1.

5
PH1012

(d) A uniform and constant magnetic field 𝑩 = 1.30 T is directed perpendicularly into the
plane of the page everywhere within the rectangular region as shown in Figure 3(d).
A wire circuit in the shape of a semicircle of radius 𝑟 = 0.20 m is rotating
anticlockwise at constant angular velocity 𝜔 in the plane of the page about an axis
through O. The period of rotation is 𝑇 = 0.60 s. There is a small gap (MN) in the
wire frame and the induced emf ℰ across the two points M and N is measured.

Figure 3(d)
i. Calculate the change in magnetic flux through the semicircular wire frame from 𝑡 =
𝑇
0 s to 𝑡 = 4, and the induced emf ℰ across MN during this time.
ii. Using the axis provided in the answer booklet, sketch to show how the induced emf ℰ
changes with time over two complete rotations.

6
PH1012
Q4 (15 marks)

As shown in Figure 4, three blocks are connected by two inextensible strings over two
pulleys. The masses of the blocks are 𝑚1 = 4.2 kg and 𝑚3 = 7.2 kg. The mass 𝑚2 is
unknown. The block with mass 𝑚1 is on the incline with 𝜃 = 42∘ . The coefficient of
kinetic friction between the block with mass 𝑚1 and the incline is 𝜇𝑘 = 0.40. The
system of blocks is moving at an acceleration of 0.80 m/s2 with 𝑚2 moving to the
right. Each pulley P has radius 𝑅 = 0.25 m and mass 𝑀𝑝 = 4.0 kg. The frictional
force at the axle of each pulley is negligible and the pulleys rotate without slipping.
Each pulley can be regarded as a solid disk.

Figure 4

i. By applying Newton’s second law, write down the equations (with labelled arrows in
Figure 4 to indicate the forces) for

Block 𝑚1 , along slope, Block 𝑚2 , Block 𝑚3 , Pulley (with string 1),


Pulley (with string 2):

ii. Determine the tensions on each side (left and right) of string 2 and mass 𝑚2 .

iii. When mass 𝑚3 moves a vertical height of 0.15 m downwards, determine the gain in
kinetic energy of the block with mass 𝑚3 .

7
PH1012
Q6 (15 marks)
(a) Refer to the circuit shown in Figure 6(a).

Figure 6(a)

i. Calculate the current through the 4 Ω resistor.


ii. Calculate the energy dissipated at the 24 Ω resistor in 12 s.
(b) Digital circuits require actions to take place at precise times, so they are controlled by
a clock that generates a steady sequence of rectangular voltage pulses. One of the
most widely used integrated circuits for creating clock pulses is called a 555 timer.
Figure 6(b) shows how the timer’s output pulses, oscillating between 0 V and 5 V, are
controlled with two resistors and a capacitor. The circuit manufacturer tells users that
TH, the time the clock output spends in the high (5 V) state, is
𝑇𝐻 = (𝑅1 + 𝑅2 ) 𝐶 × ln 2. Similarly, the time spent in the low (0 V) state is
𝑇𝐿 = 𝑅2 𝐶 × ln 2. You need to design a clock that will oscillate at 10 MHz (i.e. each
cycle is 10-7 s) and will spend 80% of each cycle in the high state. You will be using a
500 pF capacitor. Determine the values for R1 and R2.

Figure 6(b)

- End of Paper -

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