Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

Facultad de Filosofía y Letras

Licenciatura en Lingüística Aplicada en la Enseñanza y Traducción del inglés
Teacher: Mtra. Luisa Margarita Muñoz Cantú
Subject: Fundamentals of Applied Linguistics February – June, 2021.
Type of modality: From distance
Type of academic period: 3er semester
i-34
Delivery date: September 09, 2021.
Team members
Aldo Alejandro Lugo Mendoza
Ana Karen Mendoza Reyna
Monserrat Alejandra Torres Tobias
Evidence 4 – Comparison Chart
These are the elements of verbal communication that take place as a result of the interplay of the following
factors: the addresser, the addressee, the message, the code, the context, and the contact. They refer to the
different levels in which communication is constructed as a ful phenomenon.
Language Function Explanation Example
Poetic This feature is message She danced through the flames
(aesthetic) oriented. It appears whenever with a sensual fury that made the
the expression draws attention to ground vibrate on her feet, while
its form, in any manifestation in her heart beat wildly and emotions
which language is used for awoke in all those who looked at
aesthetic purposes. They her, wrapped in an ancient and
abound, since their aim is to mysterious beauty that seemed to
draw attention to the special use have no limits.
of the code, the stylistic figures.
This function is found especially,
though not exclusively, in literary
texts.

Culebro (2021) says that it is the

form of literary or artistic
discourse that is governed by a
unique rhythmic arrangement
and by the rhythmic relationship
and by the equivalence
relationship between sounds and
images.
In the following way, the
characteristics of the poetic
function are: Enrich the
expression of an idea. Adjectives
and adverbs are commonly used
to emphasize the message,
especially when describing
objects, places or people. Use of
literary figures to give a greater
verbal richness to texts and
expressions.
Emotive The emotional function (also The heat is overwhelming, I can't
(expressive) called expressive or symptomatic) stand it.
focuses on the issuer. This
appears in those messages in
 which subjectivity predominates
and, therefore, the speaker
expresses his feelings, emotions,
moods, etc.

“The emotive function of language

is one that, centered on the
sender of the message, allows the
communication of their inner
realities, that is, of their feelings,
desires or states of mind. This is
usually done in exclamatory
sentences, in the first person,
although it can also take the form
of rhetorical questions or sarcastic
statements” (Editorial Etecé,
2021)
Conative It is present in those messages in When we ask for an object: "pass
(appealing or convincing) which the sender aims to condition me the salt, please" or "would you
or alter the behavior of the give me your number?" - Source:
receiver. This function is https://conbeto.de/funcion-
manifested, above all, in apelativa/
imperative, exhortative and
interrogative sentences.

“The appellative function or

conative function is one that
aspires to influence the behavior
of the receiver, taking it as the
communicative factor of greatest
interest in their actions. That is to
say, it focuses on the receiver
because it wishes to transmit an
order, a suggestion, an alert or a
request of some kind, and expects
a response from the receiver, a
behavior or some type of return
from the recipient. For this reason,
the appellative function is
generally expressed through
exhortative or imperative
sentences, although it can
perfectly do so through more
subtle and discreet interrogations
or formulations” (Editorial Etecé,
2021)
Denotative Denotative (logical) meaning is The denotative or literal meaning
(referential) connected with the extralinguistic of “home” is “ a place where one
reality. It is the precise naming of lives; a residence.”
a feature of the idea,
phenomenon, or object, the name
by which we recognize the whole
of the concept.
Metalinguistic When language is used to talk A good example would be: “What
(knowing about) about language itself (code), the are you saying? Are you speaking
communication is metalinguistic. A in English or what?”.
 good example would be: "What
are you saying? Are you speaking
in English or what?".
The same occurs when language
is used to explain the meaning of
a word. This is called autonymy,
i.e. a word that refers not to its
signified but to itself, to the
signifier.
By "metalinguistic function", we
mean an utterance in which the
addressee gives or ask for
information about the code.
The reader is not supposed to
know the meaning of
"metalinguistic function", which is
explained in our example. It is
apparent that the locution above
cannot refer to its signified,
because the latter is supposed to
be unknown to the reader.
In other words, autonymy is a
sort of "short circuit" of the usual
signifier-signified relationship. The
signified is mentioned, but not to
trigger possible associations with
likely meanings: the signifier is
temporarily "off", "deactivated"; it
is only a sound or a sign that do
not refer to anything, because we
are talking about its cross-
references, its links.
Phatic Some messages are not relevant
(impact, contact) to the MESSAGE in the center of Good examples could be
the table above: their main aim is sentences like “Hello?” or “Can
to maintain the contact with the you hear me?” (speaking by
addressee. Good examples could phone) or, again, sentences that
be sentences like "Hello?" or "Can aim at prolonging a contact, a
you hear me?" (speaking by conversation.
phone) or, again, sentences that
aim at prolonging a contact, a
conversation. In an elevator, for
instance, the contact with other
people is an end in itself and its
function is that of avoiding some
embarrassing minutes of silence:
the sentence "It's a nice day, isn't
it?", disguised as a question, is
merely a way of making some kind
of conversation. An answer like
"Yes, but yesterday it was less
windy" actually means ("Yes, I am
ready to keep a contact with you,
provided that, in our relationship,
we will limit ourselves to formal
exchanges").
 In fact, the term "phatic"
originates from the Greek term
phatikós, which means
"statement, utterance".
Before learning to speak -
according to Jakobson - the
infants learn the phatic function:
when they understand that, by
pronouncing a syllable or a vowel,
there's someone who responds to
them, who tries to get in touch
with them, by replying, by making
interpretations in a loud voice, by
exchanging glances (eye contact),
they are induced to make certain
sounds in order to establish a
contact (preverbal
communication).
References:

Editorial Etecé (Ed.). (2021, July 16). Función Emotiva – Qué es, ejemplos y otras Funciones del lenguaje.
Concepto. Retrieved September 9, 2021, from https://concepto.de/lephd-emotiva/.

Wikimedia Projects (Ed.). (2021, September 2). Funciones del lenguaje. Wikipedia. Retrieved September 9,
2021, from https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funciones_del_lenguaje.

Culebro, T. L. (2021, March 18). ¿Qué es la Función poética y ejemplos? ¿qué es la función poética y
ejemplos? Retrieved September 9, 2021, from https://aleph.org.mx/que-es-la-funcion-poetica-y-
ejemplos.

LOGOS – Multilingual Translation Portal. (2014). Logos. http://courses.logos.it/EN/1_12.html

Editorial Etecé (Ed.). (2021, July 16). Función Apelativa - Qué es, ejemplos y otras Funciones del lenguaje.
Concepto. Retrieved September 10, 2021, from https://concepto.de/funcion-apelativa/.

Jakobson’s functions of language. (2019, September 20). StudFiles.

https://studfile.net/preview/7675655/page:2/

CRITERIO Si (2 ) No (1)
La evidencia incluye todas las
funciones del
lenguaje revisadas en clase.
La evidencia contiene explicaciones y
ejemplos.
La evidencia incluye bibliografía y citas
en
formato APA 7a edición.
La evidencia se entrega en formato
PDF
La evidencia se entrega en el medio y
la
fecha y hora indicados.