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Capillaries Worksheet

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21 views1 page

Capillaries Worksheet

Uploaded by

hamid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Blood cells and the circulatory

SB5.10w system – Homework 2

1 Two different types of white blood cell are phagocytes and lymphocytes. Describe how each type of cell
helps to destroy foreign cells in the body.
2 Give one reason for each of the following adaptations of erythrocytes.
a They are shaped like biconcave discs, with a hollow on each side.
b Unlike most cells, they do not have a nucleus.
c They are very small and flexible.
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3 In a sample of 1 mm of blood, there were about 4 900 000 erythrocytes, 5000 white blood cells and
250 000 platelets.
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a Write the number of erythrocytes per mm of blood in standard form.
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b Write the number of white blood cells per mm of blood in standard form.
c Two quantities differ by one order of magnitude if one is 10 times bigger than the other. By
approximately how many orders of magnitude do the numbers of red blood cells and white blood
cells differ?
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d 70% of white blood cells are phagocytes. How many cells is this per mm of blood?
4 In body tissues, blood flows through a network of fine capillaries (a capillary bed).

a In which direction is blood flowing in the diagram above?


b What happens to the surface area : volume (SA : V) ratio of the blood as it moves into a capillary bed?
c State why this change in SA : V ratio is useful.
d What other adaptation do capillaries have to ensure efficient exchange of substances?
5 An experiment was done to find out which of two types of blood vessel is the more elastic (stretchy). In the
experiment, ring-shaped sections were cut from an artery and from a vein. The rings were suspended on a
clamp stand and had 10 g masses hung from them to make them straight. The length of each was
measured and recorded as ‘original length’. An additional 100 g was then hung on each section of blood
vessel and the lengths were recorded as ‘new length’. The results are shown in the table.

Blood vessel Original length (mm) New length (mm)


A 35 38
B 38 45

a Calculate the percentage change in length for blood vessels A and B.


b Explain which blood vessel is an artery.
c Explain why arteries have this adaptation.

Extra challenge
6 People can faint when their brains do not get enough oxygen. Soldiers who have to stand still for long
periods of time often faint. Explain this observation.

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purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.
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