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Friction - Exercise Notes

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38 views

Friction - Exercise Notes

notes

Uploaded by

seemabairwa276
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FRICTION

Exercise notes

1. Fill in the blanks:


(a) Friction opposes the _motion__ between the surfaces in contact with each other.
(b) Friction depends on the __nature__ of surfaces.
(c) Friction produces _heat__.
(d) Sprinkling of powder on the carom board _reduces__ friction.
(e) Sliding friction is _lesser__ than the static friction.

2. Four children were asked to arrange forces due to rolling, static and sliding
frictions in a decreasing order. Their arrangements are given below. Choose
the correct arrangement.

(a) rolling, static, sliding

(b) rolling, sliding, static

(c) static, sliding, rolling

(d) sliding, static, rolling

The answer is (c) static, sliding, rolling

3. Alida runs her toy car on dry marble floor, wet marble floor, newspaper
and towel spread on the floor. The force of friction acting on the car on
different surfaces in increasing order will be

(a) wet marble floor, dry marble floor, newspaper and towel

(b) newspaper, towel, dry marble floor, wet marble floor

(c) towel, newspaper, dry marble floor, wet marble floor

(d) wet marble floor, dry marble floor, towel, newspaper

Ans. The answer is (a) wet marble floor, dry marble floor, newspaper and
towel.
4. Suppose your writing desk is tilted a little. A book kept on it starts sliding
down. Show the direction of frictional force acting on it.

Ans. The book placed on a tilted desk slides downwards due to gravitational force.
A frictional force acts between the book and the surface of the desk. The direction
of the frictional force on the book is opposite to the direction of its motion and acts
in an upward direction. It is shown in the diagram below.

5. You spill a bucket of soapy water on a marble floor accidentally. Would it


make it easier or more difficult for you to walk on the floor? Why?
Ans. It is possible to walk on the floor because of the friction present between our
feet and the ground. To take a step forward during walking, we lift one foot off the
ground and push the ground backwards with the other foot.
If there is soapy water spilt on the floor, the force of friction between the ground
and the feet decreases. Hence, it becomes difficult to walk on the soapy floor.

6. Explain why sportsmen use shoes with spikes.

Ans. Sportsmen need to run very fast. The spikes present in the sole of the shoes
increase the force of friction between the shoes and the ground. This makes
running easier and does not let the sportsperson to fall or slip.

7. Iqbal has to push a lighter box and Seema has to push a similar heavier box
on the same floor. Who will have to apply a larger force and why?

Ans. Frictional force arises due to the interlocking of the irregularities on the
two surfaces which are in contact with each other. A heavier object is pressed
harder against the surface producing stronger interlocking and therefore frictional
force developed is larger. Hence, more force is required to push a heavier object.
Thus, to push the heavier box, Seema has to apply greater force than Iqbal.
8. Explain why sliding friction is less than static friction.

Ans. Static friction occurs when two objects are in contact but not moving relative
to each other. At the microscopic level, the surfaces of the objects have
irregularities.

The irregularities present in the surfaces of two objects get interlocked with each
other producing frictional force.

When the object starts sliding, the irregularities on its surface do not get enough
time to lock into the contact points on the floor. Thus, interlocking is less stronger.
Therefore, less force is required to overcome this interlocking. Due to this reason,
sliding friction is less than static friction.

9. Give examples to show that friction is both a friend and a foe.

Ans. Advantages of friction

a) Friction allows us to grip and catch different objects.

(b) It helps us to walk comfortably on the surface.

b) We are able to write on the paper due to the friction between the tip of the pen
and the paper.

Disadvantages of friction

a) Friction causes the tires and soles of shoes to wear out.

b) Friction causes damage to the parts of machines. The machines or tools require
regular maintenance due to which a lot of money is wasted.

10. Explain why objects moving in fluids must have special shapes.

Ans. When a body moves through a fluid, it experiences an opposing force which
tries to oppose its motion through the fluid. This opposing force is known as the
drag force, and depends on the shape of the body. By giving the objects a special
shape, the force of friction acting on it can be minimised. Hence, it becomes easier
for a body to move through the fluid.

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