Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

Warm-up Exercise ( page 10.3)

1.
Substitute into (1),
Substitute (1) into (2),

Substitute into (1),

Substitute x = 1 into (1),

Substitute x = 3 into (1),

 The coordinates of the intersections are and .

 The coordinates of the intersections are (1, 1) and (3, 7).

2. 5.

Substitute (1) into (2), Substitute (1) into (2),

Substitute x = 3 into (1),

Substitute x = 1 into (1),

 The coordinates of the intersection are (3, ).

 The coordinates of the intersection are (1, 4).

6.

Substitute (1) into (2),

3.

Substitute (1) into (2),

Substitute x = 2 into (1),

Substitute x = 0 into (1),

 The coordinates of the intersection are (0, 2).  The coordinates of the intersection are (2, 0).

4. 7.

Substitute (1) into (2),

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

8.

14.

9.

15.

10.

16.
11.

12.

Exercise 10A ( page 10.18)

1. Required area
13.

2. Required area

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

3. Required area

4. Required area 10. Rewrite the equation as .

5. Required area As shown in the figure, the curve is split into two parts, i.e.
and . The required area is the sum of and .
Since the curve is symmetrical about the x-axis, .

6. Required area

7. Rewrite the equation as .  Required area

Required area

11. Rewrite the equation as .

8. Required area

As shown in the figure, the curve is split into two parts, i.e.
and . The required area is the sum of and .

Since the curve is symmetrical about the y-axis, .

9. Required area

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

respectively.

Required area

 Required area

12. Rewrite the equations and as and

17.
respectively.

Required area

By solving , the x-coordinates of the intersections are 3

and 3.

Required area


13. Required area

18.

14. Rewrite the equations and as and

respectively.

Rewrite the equation as .

Required area

Required area

19.

15. Required area

By solving , the y-coordinates of the intersections are 0

and 2.
16. Rewrite the equations and as and

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

Required area
 Required area

20.

22. (a)

Substitute (1) into (2),

By solving , the x-coordinates of the intersections are

and .

Rewrite the equation as . Substitute into (1),

Substitute into (1),

Required area

 The coordinates of A are (5, 2) and the coordinates of B are

(0, 3).

(b) Required area

21. (a)

From (1),
Substitute (3) into (2),

Substitute into (3),

23. By solving , the y-coordinates of the intersections are 2

and 4.
Substitute into (3),
Rewrite the equations and as and

respectively.
 The coordinates of A are (3, 15) and the coordinates of B are

(3, 15).

(b) Rewrite the equation as .

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From (2),
Substitute (3) into (1),
Required area


Substitute into (3),

24. (a)

Substitute (1) into (2),

 The coordinates of A are .

Substitute (4) into (2),

 The x-coordinates of intersections are 0 and .

Substitute into (4),

 The coordinates of B are (1, 1).

(b) Required area

Substitute (4) into (1),

Substitute into (4),

 The coordinates of C are (2, 4).

25. By solving , the x-coordinates of the intersections are 0

and 3.
(b) Rewrite the equations and as and
By solving , the x-coordinates of the intersections are
respectively.
1 and 2.

Required area Required area



26. (a)

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

27. (a) The equation of L is

Substitute (1) into (2),

Substitute into (1), 

 The coordinates of A are (1, 1).

29. Area of the shaded region
(b) Required area

28. (a) By solving , the x-coordinates of the intersections are 30. (a)

0 and 3.

Substitute (1, 4) into ,

Required area

 The equation of  is .

(b) Substitute into ,

Substitute into ,
(b)

 The line passes through (0, 0) and (3, 3).

The equation of the line is

By solving , the x-coordinates of intersections are

1 and 3.

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

The equation of L is
Required area


Substitute (0, 0) into ,

 The tangent L to  at P passes through the origin O.

31. (a) (ii) Required area

Slope of the tangent at P

33. (a)

 The equation of the tangent at P is

(b) Required area

(b) Rewrite the equations and as

and respectively.
34. (a)

Required area

(b)

Substitute (1) into (2),

32. (a)

Required area


(b) (i)

35. (a) Substitute into ,

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

 The equation of L is .

Substitute into ,

 The coordinates of C are .

(ii) The equation of PC is .

 The coordinates of B are (2, 2).

Area of the shaded region

(b) Consider .

Let , then .
(cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

Radius of the circle


of the area of the circle

(cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

 S is greater than of the area of the circle.

Required area
37. (a)

 P (1, 0) is a turning point of .

36. (a) For the curve , i.e.

when , .

 The coordinates of P are (0, a).

Slope of the tangent to  at P

(b)
 Slope of
 P is a minimum point of .

(c) L is the x-axis.

(b) (i) The coordinates of P are (0, 6).

Slope of PQ

Slope of CP

Let (c, 0) be the coordinates of C.

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39. (a) According to the sketch of ,

Required area x 4 x0 x0 0xk xk kx 6

   
f '(x) 0 0

 x-coordinate of the maximum point

x-coordinate of the minimum point

38. (a) When , or .

(b) (i) Area of

(ii) Area of
 The maximum point is and the minimum point

is .

When , .

 The sketch of the curve for is

 The point of inflexion is (0, 0). as follows:

(b) When , .
 The y-intercept is 0.
When ,

 The x-intercepts are 1, 0 and 1.

40. (a)

(c) Required area Substitute (1) into (2),

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

Required area 1. Required volume

2. Required volume

(b)

3. Rewrite the equation as .

Since the graphs of and are symmetrical about

the line , .
Required volume
When ,

4. Required volume
 Required area

Exercise 10B ( page 10.41)

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9. Required volume
5. Required volume

10. Required volume

6. Required volume

11. By solving , the y-coordinate of the intersection

is 2.
Rewrite the equation as .
Required volume


7. Rewrite the equation as .

Required volume

8. Required volume

12. By solving , the y-coordinate of the intersection is 2.

Rewrite the equation as .

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

Required volume

15.

13. By solving , the y-coordinates of the intersections are

0 and 1.
Rewrite the equation as .
Required volume
Required volume


16.

Required volume

14. Required volume

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

17.

Required volume


Rewrite the equation as .

Required volume

20.

Rewrite the equation as .

Required volume

18.

21.

Rewrite the equation as .

Required volume
By solving , the x-coordinates of the intersections
are 0 and 1.

 Required volume

19.

By solving , the x-coordinate of the intersection is 1.

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

23. Required volume

22.
24. (a)

By solving , the y-coordinates of the intersections are

0 and 1.
(b) Required volume
Rewrite the equations and as and

respectively.
Required volume


25. (a)

(b) Required volume

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

26. (a)

Required area

(b) Required volume

(b) Required volume

27. (a) Let , then and .

29. (a)

(b) (b) Rewrite the equation as .

Required volume

Required volume

30. (a) Let , where , then .

28. (a) Substitute into , When , ;

when , .

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

When , ;

when , .


Required area


(b) The circle is split into two parts, i.e. (b) Required volume
and where they meet at
(0, 3) and (4, 3).

 Required volume

32. (a)

Substitute (1) into (2),

31. (a) The curve is split into two parts, or 1 (rejected)

i.e. and where they meet at Substitute into (2),
(0, 0) and (3, 0).

 The coordinates of A are (1, 1).

Substitute (3) into (1),

 The coordinates of B are .

Substitute (3) into (2),

 Required area
 The coordinates of C are (2, 2).

Let , then .

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

(b) Required volume

(c) Rewrite the equation as .

Required volume
34. (a) Substitute into ,

Slope at

 The equation of L is

(b) Rewrite the equations and as and

respectively.
33. (a) Substitute into ,

 Coordinates of B  (0, 1) Required volume

Coordinates of A  (1, 0) 
 The equation of is

(b) By solving , the y-coordinate of the intersection is .

35. (a)

Rewrite the equations and as and

respectively. Slope at (1, 4)

 Required volume

 The equation of L is

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

(b) By solving , the x-coordinate of the intersection

is 0.
Rewrite the equation as .
 Required volume Required volume


37. (a)

 The vertical asymptote is .

36. (a)

(b) Let , then .

 The oblique asymptote is .
When , ;
when , .

(b)


(c)

When , .

⁄ 9 ⁄ ⁄ 1 ⁄
(c) Required volume
 0   0 

 The maximum point is (3, 9) and the minimum point

Let , then .
When , ; is (1, 1).
when , .

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(d) Required volume

39. (a) Required volume

(b) (i) Let V cubic units and h units be the volume of water and the
depth of water at time t second respectively.
38. Rewrite the equation as .

Volume of the upper part

Rewrite the equation as .

When and ,

Volume of the lower part

 The rate of change of the depth of water is unit/s.

(ii) From (b)(i), when ,

 Required volume

When ,

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

When , .
h

0  0  0


h

 0  0
When ,

 The rate of change of the depth of water attains its maximum

when the depths are units and units.
(cor. to the nearest 0.1)
 The claim is agreed. or 2.1 (rejected) (cor. to the nearest 0.1)
 It takes 2.1 minutes for the water level of the container to reach

3 units.
40. (a) (i) By solving , the y-coordinate of the
intersection is 1.
Rewrite the equation as .
41. (a)

Capacity of the container



(ii) By solving , the y-coordinate of the

intersection is 3.
Rewrite the equation as .

Volume of the material used



(b) Let V cubic units and h units be the volume of water and height of
the water level of the container at time t minutes respectively.

(b)

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

When ,
5. Required volume

When ,

6. Required volume

When ,

 The greatest volume is .

7. Required volume

Revision Exercise 10 ( page 10.52)

1. Required area

2. Required area
8. Required volume

3. Required area

9. By solving , the x-coordinates of the intersections

4. Rewrite the equation as .
are 3, 0 and 3.

Required area

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

Required area

Required area

12. (a)

10. (a)

Substitute (2) into (1),

(b) Required area

(rejected) or

Substitute into (1),

 The coordinates of A are .

13. (a) Required area

(b) Area of the region

11. By solving , the y-coordinate of the intersection is

(b) Required volume
.

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

14. (a)
(b) Required area

(b) Required area

17. (a) Let , then .
When , ;
when , .

15. (a) 

(b) By solving , the x-coordinate of the intersection is 0.

(b) By solving , the x-coordinates of the intersections

are 1 and 1.
Required volume
 Required area


18. (a) Let , where , then .

16. (a) 

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

21. (a)

(b) Required volume

(b) Required volume

19. (a)
22. (a)

(b) Required area

(b) Required volume

23. (a)
20. (a)
Substitute (2) into (1),

(b) Required volume

or

or

or (rejected)

Substitute into (1),

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

 The coordinates of P are .

(b) Required area  (rejected) or 1 or 1

or (rejected) or (rejected)

Substitute into (1),

Substitute into (1),

 The coordinates of P and Q are (1, 1) and (1, 1)

respectively.

24. (a) Substitute into ,

(b) Rewrite the equation as .

or 1
 The coordinates of A and B are (1, 0) and (2, 0)
Required area
respectively.

(b) Required area

26. (a)

Substitute (1) into (2),

Substitute into (2),

 The coordinates of P are (4, 2 ln 2).

25. (a)
(b) Rewrite the equations and as and
Substitute (1) into (2),
respectively.

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

Substitute into (1),

Required volume

or 2 (rejected)
 The coordinates of A are (2, 2).

Coordinates of the centre

(b) Let C be the centre of the circle.

27. (a)
 x-coordinate of A  x-coordinate of C
 OAC is a quarter of the circle.
Rewrite the equation as .

(b) By solving , the y-coordinate of the intersection is .

Required volume

As shown in the figure, the curve is split into two parts,
i.e. and . The required area is the sum of
and .
Since the curve and the circle are symmetrical about the x-axis,
.

28. Required volume

 Required area

30. (a) Let (a, b) be the point of contact of a required tangent and the
curve.
Then
29. (a)

Substitute (1) into (2),

 Slope of the tangent at (a, b)

(rejected) or 2
Slope of the line joining (a, b) and (0, 2)

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
Area of OBB'

Substitute (2) into (1),

 Area of OAA'  Area of OBB '

Substitute into (1),

(b) Required area Area of OAA'  Area of OBB '

Substitute into (1),

 The points of contact are (3, 1) and (1, 3).

Slope of the tangent at (3, 1)

 The equation of is

32. (a) Let , where ,

then .
Slope of the tangent at (1, 3) When , ;

 The equation of is when , .

(b) From (a), the coordinates of Q and R are and

respectively.

(c) Rewrite the equations and as and

respectively.
Required area

(b)

Refer to the figure, by solving

, the y-coordinate of A is 1;

, the y-coordinate of B is 2.

Rewrite the equations and as

31. (a) Area of OAA'
 and respectively.

(i) Required volume

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

(ii) Required volume

(d)

33. (a) The equation of L is When , the area of the shaded region is a minimum.
 The equation of L is

(b)

Substitute (1) into (2),

34. (a) (i)

(i)

(ii) 

(ii)


(iii)
 The area bounded by the curve and the x-axis

from to cannot be greater than 1.

 The claim is disagreed.
(c) Required area

(b) (i)

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

(ii) When , the area bounded by the curve and

the x-axis from to is

 The claim is agreed.

35. (a) Substitute into ,

For ,

 The coordinates of A are (9, 0).

let , where ,

Substitute into , then .

When , ;
or 3 (rejected)
 The coordinates of B are (0, 3). when , .


(b) From (a), we conclude that the coordinates of D are (0, 3).
Thus, the centre of the circle lies on the x-axis.
( bisector of chord passes through centre)
Let (h, 0) be the coordinates of the centre.

 Coordinates of the centre

Radius

 The equation of the circle is

(c) Rewrite the equations and Required area


as
and respectively.

Required area

For ,

let , where ,
then .

When , ;

when , .

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

36. (a) x-coordinate of the maximum point

x-coordinate of the minimum point
(b) Required area
(b) (i) Area of the region

(ii) Area of the region Area of the region

38. (a)

 attains its local minimum at .

37. (a) (i)  The curve passes through (0, 1).

(b)


(ii)
When , or 3.
x

⁄ 2 ⁄ ⁄ 6 ⁄
  0   0 

 The maximum point is (1, 2).



 (c)

 The vertical asymptote is .



 The curve passes through (1, 0).



Substitute (2) into (1),

Substitute into (2),

(iii) Substitute into ,

 The oblique asymptote is .

(d)

 The coordinates of P are .

or

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

40. (a)
Required area

(b) Let , then .

When , ;
when , .

39. (a) When , .



 The maximum point is (0, 1) and the minimum point is (2, 3).

When , . (c) Required area

 The point of inflexion is (1, 1).

(b)

Suppose L cuts the graph of again at P(p, 1). i.e. Required area

Substitute (p, 1) into ,

41. (a) (i)

Required volume


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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

(ii) Required volume

(b) Let , then .

(b) Let , then . When , ;
When , ; when , .
when , .


(c)  passes through (0, a).

or (rejected)

 passes through .

(c) Let . or (rejected)

Required volume

(d) Rewrite the equations and

as and
respectively.

42. (a) Rewrite the equation as . Required volume

[By (b)]

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

When , ;

when , .
[By (a)] 

(e)

43. (a) (i)

When , (b) (i) Area of R

[By (a)(iii)]

 The curve has a horizontal tangent at

.

(ii)

(ii) Required volume

When ,

 The curve has a horizontal

tangent at .

(iii)

Let , where ,
then .

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

Required volume

(b) From (a), put and ,

required capacity

(c)

Let O ' be the centre of the lid, , , .

(c) Let .

Volume of one part of the pudding

Volume of the lid inside the vessel

 and

 Volume of the remaining water in the vessel


45. (a) (i) Substitute into ,

 The length of OQ is not equal to that of QP.

or

44. (a) Rewrite the equation as .

 The coordinates of C are .

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

Substitute into , When and ,

 The rate of change of the depth of water is unit per second.

(ii)

 The vertex is (0, 2).

46. (a) Rewrite the equation as .

(b) (i) Rewrite the equations and as

and respectively. Required volume

When ,
required volume

cubic units

cubic units

cubic units (b) (i) Take and ,

cubic units

cubic units

(ii) When ,
required volume

cubic units

(ii)
cubic units

cubic units

cubic units
(iii)

(c) Let V cubic units be the volume of water in the cup at time t
seconds.
When , .
When and ,

For ,

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

 (iii)

When and ,
 The required rate of change is rad/min.

47. (a) (i)

 The required rate of change is unit per minute.

(iv) Let A square units be the area of water surface when the depth
For , .
of water is h units at time t minutes.
 The equation of is .

(ii) The equation of is .

When and ,

(b) (i)

 The required rate of change is square units

per minute.


48. (a) Rewrite the equation as .

(ii) When , ;
when , .
 The height of the cake mold is 5 units.

Capacity of the cake mold cubic Required volume

units

cubic units

 Time required minutes

minutes

(b) (i) For ,

(ii) For ,

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

When and ,

Let be the height of the upper portion.

 The required rate of change is cm/s.

49. - 53. Solutions are not available for the public exam questions due to
copyright restrictions.


Investigation Zone ( page 10.65)
3
(c) Let P cm be the volume of water and k cm be the depth of water in
(a)
the bowl at time t s.
(i) For , (b) (i) Area of the circle

Let , where ,
then .
When , ;

when , .

When and , Area of the circle

 The required rate of change is cm/s.

(ii) For ,

(ii) Volume of a sphere of radius r

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

(a) Required area

(b) Required area

Classwork
Classwork 10.1 ( page 10.5)

(a) Required area

Classwork 10.4 ( page 10.8)

(a) Rewrite the equation as .
(b) Required area

As shown in the figure, the curve is split into two parts,

i.e. and . The required area is the sum of

and . Since the curve is symmetrical about the x-axis,

Classwork 10.2 ( page 10.6)
.

(a) Required area

(b) Required area

 Required area

(b) Rewrite the equation as .

Classwork 10.3 ( page 10.7)

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

(a) Required area

As shown in the figure, the curve is split into two parts,

i.e. and . The required area is the sum of and

. Since the curve is symmetrical about the x-axis, .
(b) Required area

Classwork 10.7 ( page 10.14)

(a)

Substitute (2) into (1),

 Required area

Classwork 10.5 ( page 10.10)  The x-coordinates of the intersections are 0 and 5.

(a) Required area

Required area (b)

Substitute (1) into (2),

(b)  The x-coordinates of the intersections are 1 and 4.

Required area
Required area

Classwork 10.6 ( page 10.12) Classwork 10.8 ( page 10.15)

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

(a) By solving , the y-coordinates of the intersections are

3 and 3.

Required area


Rewrite the equation as .

(b) By solving , the y-coordinates of the intersections are 4

and 2.

Rewrite the equations and as

and respectively.

Required area


 Required area

Classwork 10.10 ( page 10.27)

Required volume

Classwork 10.9 ( page 10.17)

Classwork 10.11 ( page 10.28)

Refer to the figure, by solving
Rewrite the equation as .
, the x-coordinate of P is 4;

, the x-coordinate of Q is 1;

, the x-coordinate of R is 2.

Divide the shaded region into two parts by the line .

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

Required volume Classwork 10.14 ( page 10.32)

Required volume

Classwork 10.12 ( page 10.29)

Required volume
Classwork 10.15 ( page 10.33)

(a)

Substitute (1) into (2),

Substitute into (1),

Classwork 10.13 ( page 10.30)
 The coordinates of A are (2, 4).

(a) (b) Note that the y-intercept of is 2.

Divide the shaded region into two parts by the line .

(b)

Rewrite the equation as .

Required volume

Required volume

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

Required volume


Classwork 10.16 ( page 10.34)

(a) Let , where ,

then .

When , ;

when , .

Classwork 10.17 ( page 10.36)



Required volume

(b)
Classwork 10.18 ( page 10.37)

By solving , the y-coordinate of the intersection is .

Rewrite the equation as .

The curve is split into two parts, i.e.

Required volume

and where they meet at

(3, 4) and (3, 4).

Classwork 10.19 ( page 10.39)

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 2: Algebra and Calculus Teacher’s Reference Volume 2

Required area
(a) Required volume 

4.

(b) By solving , the y-coordinates of the intersections are 1 and

2.
Rewrite the equations and as and
respectively.
By solving , the x-coordinates of the intersections
are 1, 0 and 4.
Required volume Required area



Stage Assessment
Stage Assessment 10.1 ( page 10.17)
1. (a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 

2.

Stage Assessment 10.2 ( page 10.40)

1. (a) 
(b) 
Required area
(c) 
(d) 

2. Required volume

3. By solving , the y-coordinates of the intersections

are 8 and 4.

Rewrite the equations and as and

respectively.

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 Textbook  Chapter 10 Applications of Definite Integration Suggested Solutions

3. Required volume

4. Required volume

5. By solving , the y-coordinates of the intersections are 1

and 1.

Required volume


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