Higher Math

2nd Paper
Chapter-06
Conics
➢ Important Topics of this Chapter for Creative Question of (a), (b) & (c):
Times Questions Board & Year the
Importance Topic Appeared Questions Have Appeared
a b c CQ
 T-01: Nature of conic 3 1 - JB’23; DB,CB’22; BB’17
T-02: Various elements from the RB,Ctg.B,BB’23,22;
 equation of parabola 11 2 2 SB,JB’23, 22,18;
Din.B’23,18; DB’22,18
T-03: Axis and Directrix parallel to the DB,Ctg.B, BB, MB’ 23; JB,
 - 3 3
co-ordinate axes Din.B’ 22
T-04: Equation of parabola when axis is
 parallel to x or y axis and the - 1 - Ctg.B’23
endpoints of latus rectum is given.
T-05: Equation of parabola from focus
 - 1 - RB’22
and directrix
T-06: Equation of parabola from the JB’23; BB, CB’23, 22;
 vertex and focus, vertex and 1 10 5 SB’23, 22, 19; RB’23, 19;
tangent at vertex Din.B, MB’22; DB’22, 19
DB’23,22,19; RB’23;
T-07: Various elements from the
 9 3 4 Ctg.B,SB,CB’23, 22; BB,
equation of ellipse
Din.B, MB’22
T-08: Equation of ellipse from various DB,SB’23,22; JB’23;
 1 4 6
conditions RB’22, 19; BB, Din.B’22
T-09: Equation of ellipse from a focus, DB’23, 19; Ctg.B,BB’23;
 - 4 4
directrix and eccentricity Din.B’23, 22; JB,CB’22
 T-10: Special problems - - 1 SB’19
RB’23, 22; Ctg.B’23,19;
T-11: Various elements from the SB’23,19, 18; JB’23,18;
 7 3 3
equation of hyperbola CB’23; MB’23,22; BB’22;
DB,Din.B’18
T-12: Equation of hyperbola from DB, BB’23; Din.B’23, 22;
 - 2 7
various conditions RB, Ctg.B, SB, CB, MB’22
T-13: Equation of asymptotes and
DB’23; RB’23, 19; BB,
 included angle from the equation 4 1 1
MB’23; Ctg.B’22
of hyperbola
 T-14: Parametric equation 1 - - Ctg.B’22
 T-15: SP = e.PM - - 1 DB’22
 T-16: Focal length 1 2 - CB’23, 17; MB’ 22
 T-17: Tangent/secant - 1 - DB, SB, JB, Din.B’18

1
 T-01: Nature of conic

01. f(x, y) = x 2 − 4y 2 − 6x − 16y − 11 [JB’23]

(b) Determine the nature of the conic f(x, y) = 0 and the distance between their focii.
Solution
(b) Given that, f(x, y) = 0 ⇒ x 2 − 4y 2 − 6x − 16y − 11 = 0
⇒ (x 2 − 6x + 9) − (4y 2 + 16y + 16) − 9 + 16 − 11 = 0
(x−3)2
⇒ (x − 3)2 − 4(y + 2)2 = 4 ⇒ 4
− (y + 2)2 = 1
Which indicates a hyperbola.
a2 +b2 4+1 √5
∴ a2 = 4 ⇒ a = 2 and b2 = 1 ⇒ b = 1 ∴ Eccentricity, e = √ a2
=√ 4
= 2
√5
∴ Distance between the focii= 2ae = 2 × 2 × 2
= 2√5 unit (Ans.)

02. (a) Define conic and focus of conic. [DB’22]

Solution
(a) If a point moves on a plain in such way that, the ratio of the distance between the moving point and a
fixed point on that plain and the distance of the moving point from a fixed straight line on that plane is
always a constant, then the locus of that moving point is called a conic; and that fixed point is called the
focus of the conic.
03. (a) Express the conic 4x 2 − 9y 2 − 1 = 0 in standard form and identify it. [CB’22; BB’17]
Solution
x2 y2 x2 y2
(a) Given that, 4x 2 − 9y 2 − 1 = 1 ⇒ 1 2
− 1 2
= 1; ⇒ a2 − b2 = 1, hence it’s a hyperbola. (Ans.)
( ) ( )
2 3

T-02: Various elements from the equation of parabola

01. Scenario-01: 3x 2 + 9x − 6y − 8 = 0 is the equation of a conic. [RB’23]

(b) From scenario-01, determine the co-ordinate of the terminal points of the latus rectum of the conic and
equation of directrix.
Solution
3 9 27
(b) Given that, 3x 2 + 9x − 6y − 8 = 0 ⇒ 3(x 2 + 3x) = 6y + 8 ⇒ 3 (x 2 + 2 ⋅ x ⋅ 2 + 4) = 6y + 8 + 4
3 2 59 3 2 59 3 2 59
⇒ 3 (x + 2) = 6y + 4
⇒ 3 (x + 2) = 6 (y + 24) ⇒ (x + 2) = 2 (y + 24) … … … (i)
3 −59
Comparing equation (i) with (x − x1 )2 = 4a(y − y1 ), we get, x = − 2 , y1 = 24
3 59 1
Vertex (x1 , y1 ) ≡ (− 2 , − 24) & 4a = 2 ∴ a = 2
3 59 1 3 −47
Focus: (X, Y) = (0, a) ⇒ (x + , y + ) = (0, ) ; Focus: (− , )
2 24 2 2 24
3 1
Co-ordinate of the terminal points of the latus rectum; X = ±2a; Y = a; x + 2 = ±2 ⋅ 2
3 5 1 59 1 47 5 −47 1 −24
⇒ x + 2 = ±1 ∴ x = − 2 , − 2 Again, y + 24 = 2 ⇒ y = − 24 ∴ (x, y) ≡ (− 2 , 24
) or, (− 2 , 24 ) (Ans.)
3 47 59 −1 59 1 −59−12
∴ (x, y) = (− 2 , − 24) Equation of directrix, Y = −a ⇒ y + 24 = 2
⇒y = − 24 − 2 ⇒ y = 24
−71
⇒y= 24
24y = −71 ⇒ 24y + 71 = 0

2
02. (a) Find the length of the latus rectum of the parabola y 2 = −6x . [Ctg.B’23]
Solution
6 6 3
(a) y 2 = −6x ⇒ y 2 = 4 ⋅ (− ) x ∴ |a| = |− | =
4 4 2
3
∴ Length of latus rectum = 4|a| = 4 × 2 = 6 unit

03. (a) Find the equation of directrix of the parabola 3x 2 − 4y + 6x − 5 = 0. [SB’23]

Solution
(a) Given, 3x 2 − 4y + 6x − 5 = 0 ⇒ 3x 2 + 6x = 4y + 5
⇒ 3(x 2 + 2x + 1) = 4y + 8 ⇒ 3(x + 1)2 = 4(y + 2)
4 4
⇒ (x + 1)2 = (y + 2) ∴ X 2 = Y [where, X = x + 1, Y = y + 2]
3 3
1 1
∴ Equation of directrix, Y = −a ⇒ y + 2 = − 3 [∵ a = 3]
1 −7
⇒y=− −2⇒y= ∴ 3y + 7 = 0 (Ans.)
3 3

04. (a) Find the equation of directrix of the conic y 2 = 8x + 5. [BB’23]

Solution
5 5
(a) y 2 = 8x + 5 ⇒ y 2 = 8 (x + 8) ; Comparing with Y 2 = 4aX we get, X = x + 8 and a = 2
5
Equation of directrix, X + a = 0 ⇒ x + 8 + 2 = 0 ⇒ 8x + 5 + 16 = 0 ⇒ 8x + 21 = 0 (Ans.)

05. g(x, y) = 4y 2 − 20x − 4y + 30 [JB’23]

2
(a) Determine the equation of axis of the formula x − 4y − 2 = 0
(c) If g(x, y) = 4y − 9 then, determine the axis and the intersecting point of the directrix of the conic.
Solution
1
(a) Given that, x 2 = 4y + 2 ⇒ x 2 = 4 ⋅ 1 ⋅ (y + 2)
∴ Equation of axis, x = 0 (Ans.)
(c) Given that, g(x, y) = 4y − 9 ⇒ 4y 2 − 20x − 4y + 30 = 4y − 9
⇒ 4y 2 − 8y + 4 = 20x − 30 − 9 + 4 ⇒ 4(y − 1)2 = 20x − 35
35 7 5 7
⇒ (y − 1)2 = 5x − ⇒ (y − 1)2 = 5 (x − ) ⇒ (y − 1)2 = 4 ⋅ (x − )
4 4 4 4
7
∴ Coordinates of vertex (4 , 1)
5 7
∴ Coordinates of focii (4 + 4 , 0 + 1) = (3, 1)
7 1
Then, if the coordinates of intersecting point of axis and directrix is (a, b) a + 3 = ⇒ a =
2 2
Again, b + 1 = 2 ⇒ b = 1
1
∴ Required point ( , 1) (Ans.)
2

06. (a) Determine the equation of directrix of the parabola x 2 = 8(1 − y). [Din.B’23]
Solution
(a) Similar to (a) of question no. 03 Ans: y = 3

3
07. Stem-1: 3x 2 − 4y − 6x − 5 = 0 [DB’22]
(b) Express the equation of stem-1 as the standard equation of parabola, and find out its vertex, focus, and
equation of its axis.
Solution
(b) From stimulus-1, we get, 3x 2 − 4y − 6x − 5 = 0 ⇒ 3(x 2 − 2x + 1 − 1) = 4y + 5
⇒ 3(x − 1)2 − 3 = 4y + 5 ⇒ 3(x − 1)2 = 4y + 8
4 1 X=x−1
⇒ (x − 1)2 = 3 (y + 2) ⇒ X 2 = 4. 3 . Y … … … (i) [Let, ]
Y=y+2
1
Comparing equation(i) with X 2 = 4aY, we get, a = 3
Now vertex, A(X, Y) ≡ (0, 0); X = 0 ⇒ x − 1 = 0 ∴ x = 1, Y = 0 ⇒ y + 2 = 0 ∴ y = −2
1
∴ Vertex, A(x, y) ≡ (1, −2) (Ans.) Again, focus S(X, Y) ≡ (0, a) ≡ (0, )
3
1 1 5 5
X = 0 ⇒ x − 1 = 0 ∴ x = 1, Y = 3 ⇒ y + 2 = 3 ∴ y = − 3 ∴ Focus, S(x, y) ≡ (1, − 3) (Ans.)
Equation of the axis is, X = 0 ⇒ x − 1 = 0 ∴ x = 1 (Ans.)

08. (a) Determine the coordinates of focus of the conic y 2 = 80x [RB’22]
Solution

(a) Given equation is, y 2 = 80x ⇒ y 2 = 4.20x … … … (i)

Comparing (i) with y 2 = 4ax , we get, a = 20 ∴ Focus, S(20, 0) (Ans.)

09. (a) Determine the equation of directrix of the parabola x 2 = −7y . [Ctg.B’22]
Solution
(a) Try Yourself. Ans: 4y − 7 = 0

10. f(x, y) = x 2 − 8x − 4y + 20 is a function. [SB’22]

(c) If f(x, y) = 0, determine the equation of latus rectum, directrix and axis of the parabola.
Solution
(c) Here, f(x, y) = x 2 − 8x − 4y + 20 = 0 ⇒ x 2 − 2.4. x + 42 − 42 = 4y − 20
⇒ (x − 4)2 = 4y − 4 ⇒ (x − 4)2 = 4(y − 1)
⇒ X 2 = 4.1. Y … … … (i) [Let, X = x − 4 and Y = y − 1]
Comparing (i) with x 2 = 4ay , we get, a = 1
∴ Equation of latus rectum is, Y = a ⇒ y − 1 = 1 ∴ y = 2 (Ans.)
∴ Equation of directrix, Y = −a, ⇒ y − 1 = −1 ∴ y = 0 (Ans.)
And equation of axis, X = 0 ⇒ x − 4 = 0 ∴ x = 4 (Ans.)

11. (a) Determine the coordinates of focus of the parabola (x − 3)2 = 4(y + 2). [SB’22]
Solution

(a) Given equation, (x − 3)2 = 4(y + 2) ⇒ X 2 = 4.1. Y … … … (i) [Let, X = x − 3, Y = y + 2]

Comparing (i) with x 2 = 4ay , we get, a = 1
∴ Coordinates of the focus is, (X, Y) ≡ (0, a); X = 0 ⇒ x − 3 = 0 ∴ x = 3
Y = a ⇒ y + 2 = 1 ∴ y = −1 ∴ Focus, S(x, y) ≡ (3, −1) (Ans.)

4
12. (a) Determine the vertex of the parabola y 2 + 4x + 2y − 11 = 0 . [BB’22]
Solution
(a) Equation of the parabola is, y 2 + 4x + 2y − 11 = 0 ⇒ y 2 + 2y + 1 = −4x + 12
⇒ (y + 1)2 = −4(x − 3) … … … (i) ∴ Vertex of the parabola is, A(3, −1) (Ans.)
13. (a) What are the coordinates of focus of the parabola y 2 − 8x + 8y = 0? [JB’22]
Solution
(a) Similar to (a) of question no. 08 Ans: (0, −4)
14. (a) Find the equation of directrix of the parabola x 2 = −12y. [DB, SB, JB, Din.B’18]
Solution
(a) Similar to (a) of question no. 03 Ans: y = 3

T-03: Axis and Directrix parallel to the co-ordinate axes

01. Scenario-02: [DB’23]

(c) If the figure in scenario-02 is a parabola with vertex A, then determine the length of CB line.
Solution
(c) Since, the vertex of the parabola is (0,4), axis is along y-axis.
Therefore, the equation of the parabola: x 2 = −4a(y − 4) … … … (i)
Which passes through the point P(6,0).
36 9
∴ From (i), 62 = −4a(0 − 4) ⇒ a = =
16 4
9
∴ Equation of the parabola: x 2 = −4 × 4 (y − 4) ⇒ x 2 = −9(y − 4) … … … (ii)
According to the figure, point B lies on the parabola.
Whose abscissa = OC = 3
From (ii), 32 = −9(y − 4) − 1 = y − 4 ∴ y = 3
∴ Co-ordinate of point B is (3,3) ; C(3,0)
∴ Length of line CB = (3 − 0) units = 3 units (Ans.)
02. Scenario-1: x = by 2 + cy + a is a conic [Ctg.B’23]
(c) If the coordinate of vertex in scenario 1 of the conic is (1, −2) and it passes through (3, 0) then find the
value of a, b,c
Solution
(c) Let, equation of the conic is
(y + 2)2 = 4p(x − 1) [as the vertex is (1, −2)]
If it passes through (3, 0)
1 1
(2 + 0)2 = 4p(3 − 1) ⇒ 4 = 4p × 2 ∴ p = ∴ Equation of the conic, (y + 2)2 = 4 × (x − 1)
2 2
1
⇒ y 2 + 4y + 4 = 2x − 2 ⇒ 2x = y 2 + 4y + 6 ⇒ x = 2 y 2 + 2y + 3
1
Comparing with x = by 2 + cy + a -we get a = 3; b = ; c = 2 (Ans.)
2

5
03. Scenario-1: f(y) = ay 2 + by + c. [BB’23]
(b) According to scenario-1, if the vertex of conic x = f(y) is (3, −2) and it passes through (5, 0) then find
the value of a, b, c
Solution
1
(b) Similar to (c) of question no. 02 Ans: a = 2 , b = 2, c = 5

04. Scenario-2: [MB’23]

(c) Find the equation of the parabola from scenario-2.

Solution
(c) The axis AZ passing through A(1, 3) intersects the directrix MZM at point Z.
∴ Z is the foot point of directrix. Directrix, y = 4 is perpendicular on the line that passes through A(1, 3)
∴ Equation of axis: x = a = 1 ⇒ x = 1 ∴ Intersecting point of axis and directrix Z(1, 4)
α+1 β+4
Let, coordinate of the focus, S(α, β); That is, = 1 ⇒ α = 1 and = 3 ⇒ β = 2 ∴ S(1, 2)
2 2
By definition, we know, SP = PM [Let, P(x, y) be a point on the parabola]
|y−4|
⇒ √(x − 1)2 + (y − 2)2 = ⇒ x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 4y + 5 = y 2 − 8y + 16 [Squaring]
√12
⇒ x 2 − 2x + 4y − 11 = 0 ∴ (x − 1)2 = −4(y − 3) which is the required equation of the parabola. (Ans.)

05. Stem-1: The vertex of a parabola is (5,3), axis is parallel to y axis and it passes through the point (7, 2)
(b) Determine the equation of the parabola. [JB’22]
Solution

(b) Equation of the parabola with axis parallel to y-axis and vertex A (5, 3), (x − 5)2 = 4a (y −
3) … … … (i)
(i) No. (7, 2) is perpendicular, (7 − 5)2 = 4a (2 − 3) ⇒ 4 = −4a ∴ a = −1
∴ Equation of required parabola, (x − 5)2 = −4 (y − 3) (𝐀𝐧𝐬. )

06. A(1, −3), B(0,7), C(1,1) [Din.B’22]

(b) Find the values of a, b, c if vertex is A and goes through point B of the parabola y = ax + bx + c .
2

Solution
(b) Similar to (c) of question no. 02 Ans: a = 10; b = −20; c = 7

T-04: Equation of parabola when axis is parallel to x or y axis and

the endpoints of latus rectum is given.

01. Scenario-2: The end points of the latus rectum of a parabola are (−2, 2) & (−4, 2). [Ctg.B’23]
(b) Determine the equation of the parabola from Scenario-2

6
 Solution
(b)

Equation of the parabola, X 2 = 4aY

2 1
4|a| = √(−2 + 4)2 + (2 − 2)2 ⇒ |a| = 4 = 2
−4−2 2+2
Focus ≡ ( 2
, 2 ) that is (−3, 2)
Let, vertex is (α, β) that is, focus is (α, β ± a) ≡ (−3, 2)

1 5 3
Therefore, α = −3; β ± a = β ± = 2 ∴ β = ,
2 2 2
1 3
∴ Equation of the required parabola: (x + 3)2 = 4 (2) (y − 2) ⇒ (x + 3)2 = 2y − 3 (Ans.)
1 5 5
and (x + 3)2 = −4 ( ) (y − ) ⇒ (x + 3)2 = −2 (y − ) (Ans.)
2 2 2

T-05: Equation of parabola from focus and directrix

01. Scenario-1: [RB’22]

AA′ = 6, AO < OB.

(b) If in scenario-1, the equation of directrix MZM′ is x = 3 then find out the equation of parabola, also the
length of latus rectum.
Solution
(b) Since OA = OS = 1 ∴ A(1, 0) and S(−1, 0)
Given, equation of directrix is, x = 3 ⇒ x − 3 = 0 … … … (i)
Let a point located on the parabola be P(x, y)
By the definition of parabola, SP = PM
x−3
⇒ √(x + 1)2 + y 2 = | | ⇒ x 2 + 2x + 1 + y 2 = x 2 − 6x + 9 [squaring]
√12 +0
⇒ y 2 = −8x + 8 ⇒ y = −8(x − 1) ⇒ y 2 = 4. (−2)(x − 1) … … … (i)
2

Comparing (i) with y 2 = 4ax, we get, a = −2

∴ Length of latus rectum = |4a| = |4 × −2| = 8 unit (Ans.)

7
 T-06: Equation of parabola from the vertex and focus, vertex and tangent at vertex

01. Scenario-01: Vertex of a parabola is (1, 1) and equation of directrix, 2x + y − 1 = 0. [RB’23]

(b) Determine the equation of the parabola according to scenario-01.
Solution
(b) Given that, vertex of the parabola is A(1, 1) and equation of directrix is, 2x + y − 1 = 0 … … … (i)
Equation of line perpendicular to the directrix (Equation of the axis) x − 2y + k = 0 … … … (ii)
Line (ii) passes through the point (1, 1), 1 − 2 + k = 0 ⇒ k = 1
∴ Equation of the axis: x − 2y + 1 = 0 … … … (iii)
1 3
Solving (i) & (iii), we get the foot point of the directrix, (x, y) = (5 , 5)
We know, vertex is the mid-point of focus and foot point of the directrix.
Let, co-ordinate of the focus is (m, n) Vertex (1, 1)
1 3
m+ 9 +n 7 9 7
Now, 1 = 2
5
⇒ m = 5 ; 1 = 5 2 ⇒ n = 5 Co-ordinate of the focus is S (5 , 5)
9 2 7 2 |2x+y−1|
Let, P(x, y) is a point on the conic. We know, SP = PM ⇒ √(x − 5) + (y − 5) =
√22 +12
9 2 7 2 (2x+y−1)2 18 81 14 49 4x2 +y2 +1+4xy−2y−4x
⇒ (x − 5) + (y − 5) = 5
⇒ x2 − 5
x + 25 + y 2 − 5
y + 25 = 5
81 49
⇒ 5x 2 − 18x + + 5y 2 − 14y + = 4x 2 + y 2 + 1 + 4xy − 2y − 4x
5 5
⇒ x 2 + 4y 2 − 4xy − 14x − 12y + 25 = 0 (Ans.)

02. [SB’23]

In the figure, focus of the parabola is S, vertex is A and directrix is MZ.

(b) If co-ordinates of points A and S in the stem are (2, 3) and (2, 7) respectively, then find the equation of
the parabola.
Solution
(b) Given, co-ordinate of point A is (2,3)
co-ordinate of point S is (2,7)
Let, Z(x, y) is a point. A is the middle point of S and Z.
x+2 y+7
∴2= ⇒x=2 ∴3= 2
⇒ y = −1
2
∴ Z(2, −1)
Equation of the axis containing focus S(2,7) and vertex A(2,3) is-
x−2 y−7
2−2
= 7−3 ⇒ 4(x − 2) = 0 ∴ x = 2
Equation of the directrix is y + k = 0, which passes through the point Z(2, −1)
∴ Equation of the directrix is, y − 1 = 0
Now from the concept of parabola, we know, SP = PM
|y−1|
⇒ √(x − 2)2 + (y − 7)2 = ⇒ x 2 + y 2 − 4x − 14y + 53 = y 2 − 2y + 1
1
⇒ x 2 − 4x − 12y + 52 = 0 (Ans.)
8
03. [SB’23]

In the figure, focus of the parabola is S, vertex is A and directrix is MZ.

(c) If co-ordinate of A is (−1, 3) and equation of MZ is 2x − 3y + 2 = 0, then find the equation of latus
rectum of the parabola.
Solution

(c)

Since MZ and latus rectum are parallel.

Let, equation of latus rectum, 2x − 3y + k = 0
2(−1)−3⋅3+2 9 2(−1)−3⋅3+k 9
AZ = a = | |= ∴ AS = a = | |= ⇒ |−11 + k| = 9 ⇒ −11 + k = ±9
√22 +32 √13 √22 +32 √13
∴ k = 20, 2 But k = 2 is not possible. Because if k = 2, it becomes the equation of directrix.
∴ Equation of latus rectum of the parabola, 2x − 3y + 20 = 0 (Ans.)

04. Scenario-2: A is vertex and S is focus. [BB’23]

(c) Find the equation of parabola from scenario-2.

Solution

(c) Similar to (b) of question no. 02 Ans: (x − 1)2 = 4√10(y − 2)

05. [JB’23]

(b) Considering A as vertex and B as focus determine the equation of the drawn parabola.
Solution

(b) Similar to (b) of question no. 02 Ans: √13x = ±4; which is the required equation.

9
06. Scenario-1: [CB’23]

(a) Find the vertex of the parabola y 2 = 4(4 − x).

(b) From scenario-1 find the focus and equation of directrix of the parabola.
Solution

(a) Given, y 2 = 4(4 − x) ⇒ y 2 = −4(x − 4)

Here, a = −1 ∴ Vertex ≡ (4, 0) (Ans.)
(b) If the focus S is (x, y) then A is the midpoint of Z and S.
x+1 y+1
∴2= ⇒ x = 3 and 2 = ⇒y
2 2
∴ S ≡ (3, 3)
3−1
Again, slope of SZ = 3−1 = 1
∴ Slope of MZ, m = −1
∴ As the directrix MZ passes through the point (1, 1)
∴ Equation (y − 1) = −1(x − 1) ⇒ x + y − 2 = 0 (Ans.)

07. stem-2: [DB’22]

(c) Find the equation of the parabola in stem-2.

Solution

(c) Similar to (b) of question no. 02 Ans: (y − 2)2 = −12(x − 3) is the required equation of the parabola.

08. A(1, −2) is a point [SB’22]

(b) If equation of the directrix is 3x − 4y = 1 , determine the equation of the parabola whose vertex is (a)
Solution
11 2 18 2
(b) Similar to (b) of question no. 01 Ans: 25 {(x − 5
) + (y + 5
) } = (3x − 4y − 1)2

09. Stem-1: Vertex of a parabola is (–1,1) and focus is (2, –3) [BB’22]
(b) Determine the equation of directrix of parabola using stem-1.

10
 Solution
(b) From stimulus-1, we get, vertex of the parabola is, A(−1, 1) and focus, S(2, −3)
x+1 y−1
∴ Equation of axis is, = ⇒ 4x + 4 = −3y + 3 ⇒ 4x + 3y + 1 = 0 … … … (i)
−1−2 1+3
∴ Equation of directrix is, 3x − 4y + k = 0 … … … (ii)
Let the intersection point of axis and directrix is = (α, β)
2+α −3+β
Since the midpoint of S and Z is A , therefore, 2
= −1 ⇒ α = −4 and 2
= 1 ⇒ β = 5 ∴ Z(−4, 5)
the line (ii) passes through point (−4, 5) ,so, 3 × (−4) − 4 × 5 + k = 0 ⇒ k = 32
∴ Equation of the directrix is, 3x − 4y + 32 = 0

10. Stem-2: Vertex of a parabola is (– 2,1). [CB’22]

(c) If the focus of the parabola given in stem-2 is (– 6, – 3), determine its equation.
Solution
(c) Similar to (b) of question no. 02 Ans: (x − y)2 + 38x + 26y + 41 = 0

11. [Din.B’22]

(b) Find the equation of a parabola with focus M and vertex O.

Solution

(b) Given eccentricity S (4, 2) and vertex, A (0, 0) ; We know, A is the midpoint of S & Z
α+4 β+2
Let the coordinates of Z be,(α, β) & P (x, y) ∴ 2
= 0 ⇒ α = −4 and 2
= 0 ⇒ β = −2 ∴ Z (−4, −2)
2 1
Here, slope of axis line, m1 = 4 = 2 ∴ Slope of directrix, m2 = −2 [m1 × m2 = −1]
∴ Equation of directrix, MZ: (y + 2) = −2(x + 4) ⇒ 2x + y + 10 = 0
(2x+y+10)2
According to the definition of parabola, SP2 = PM 2 ⇒ (x − 4)2 + (y − 2)2 = 5
⇒ 5(x 2 − 8x + 16) + 5(y 2 − 4y + 4) = 4x 2 + y 2 + 100 + 4xy + 40x + 20y
⇒ x 2 + 4y 2 − 4xy − 80x − 40y = 0 ∴ (x − 2y)2 − 80x − 40y = 0 (Ans.)

12. [MB’22]

The figure above represents a conic. Whose focus is S, vertex A and MZM' is the directrix.
(c) Find the equation of the conic, whose focus is (–1,1) and vertex is (2, –3).
Solution
(c) Similar to (c) of question no. 02 Ans: (4x + 3y)2 + 308x − 394y − 1799 = 0
11
13. Scenario-1: [DB’19]

S(- 6,- 6) A(- 2, 2)

(b) In Scenario-1, if S is the focus and A is the vertex, determine the equation of the parabola.
Solution
(b) Similar to (b) of question no. 02 Ans: 4x 2 + y 2 + 104x + 148y − 4xy − 124 = 0
14. Scenario-1: [RB’19]

A S(- 2, 3)
(5, 3)
(b) Find the equation of the conic of scenario -1.
Solution
(b) Similar to (b) of question no. 02 Ans: (y − 3)2 = −28(x − 5)
15. [SB’19]
Y
B(0, 4)

X´
A(-4,0) O X
Y´
(b) Find the equation of the directrix of the parabola drawn taking O as focus and AB as the tangent at vertex.
Solution
x y
(b) Equation of AB, −4 + 4 = 1 ∴ −x + y = 4 ∴ x − y + 4 = 0 … … … … … (i)
∴ Equation of axis, x + y + k = 0 it passes through (0,0) ∴ x + y = 0 … … … … … (ii)
By solving (i) and (ii), vertex (−2,2); Let the intersecting point of directrix and axis is (α, β)
α+0 β+0
2
= −2 ∴ α = −4 ; 2
= 2 ∴ β = 4 ∴ Equation of directrix, x − y + k = 0 ⇒ −4 − 4 + k = 0
∴ k = 8 ∴ x − y + 8 = 0 (Ans.)

T-07: Various elements from the equation of ellipse

01. Stem-01: 16x 2 + 25y 2 − 32x + 100y − 284 = 0 [DB’23]

(b) Determine the equation of the directrix from stem-01.
Solution
(b) 16x 2 + 25y 2 − 32x + 100y − 284 = 0
⇒ 16(x 2 − 2x + 1) + 25(y 2 + 4y + 4) = 284 + 16 + 100 ⇒ 16(x − 1)2 + 25(y + 2)2 = 400
(x−1)2 (y+2)2 (x−1)2 (y+2)2 X2 Y2
⇒ 25
+ 16
= 1 ⇒ Comparing 52
+ 42
= 1 with the general equation of ellipse a2 + b2 = 1,
we get, a = 5, b = 4 & a > b
b 2 16 3
∴ The major axis of the ellipse is parallel to x-axis. Eccentricity, e = √1 − (a) = √1 − 25 = 5
a 25
∴ The required equation of the directrix: X = ± e ⇒ x − 1 = ± 3
(Ans.)

12
 x2 y2
02. (a) Determine the length of the major axis of the ellipse + = 1. [DB’23]
8 4
Solution
x2 y2 x2 y2 x2 y2
(a) Comparing + =1⇒ 2 + = 1 with + = 1, we get, a = 2√2 & b = 2; a > b
8 4 (2√2) 22 a2 b2

That is, the major axis of the parabola lies along x-axis.
∴ Length of the major axis = 2a = 2 × 2√2 = 4√2 units (Ans.)
03. (a) Determine the co-ordinate of the vertex of the conic 2x 2 + y 2 = 2. [RB’23]
Solution
2x2 +y2 x2 y2
(a) Given that, 2x 2 + y 2 = 2 ⇒ 2
= 1 ⇒ (1)2 + 2 = 1 … … … (i)
(√2)
x2 y2
Comparing equation (i) with a2 + b2 = 1, we get, a = 1 & b = √2
We know, co-ordinate of the vertex is (0, ±b)
∴ The vertex of the given conic is (0, ±√2)

04. Scenario-2: 5x 2 + 4y 2 − 10x − 8y − 11 = 0 [Ctg.B’23]

(c) Find the equation of directrix from scenario-2.
Solution
(c) Similar to (b) of question no. 01 Ans: y = −4, y = 6
05. (a) Find the eccentricity of the ellipse 3x 2 + 2y 2 = 1. [SB’23]
Solution
x2 y2
(a) Given, equation of the ellipse is- 3x 2 + 2y 2 = 1 ⇒ 1 + 1 = 1 … … … (i)
3 2
x2 y2 1 1
Comparing (i) with a2 + b2 = 1, we get, a2 = 3 , b2 = 2
a2 1
Now, eccentricity, e = √1 − b2 = (Ans.)
√3

06. Scenario-2: 4x 2 + 5y 2 + 10y − 16x + 1 = 0 [CB’23]

(c) From scenario-2 find the focus and length of latus rectum of the conic.
Solution
(c) Given, 4x 2 + 5y 2 + 10y − 16x + 1 = 0 ⇒ 4(x 2 − 4x + 4) + 5(y 2 + 2y + 1) = 20
(x−2)2 (y+1)2 4 1
⇒ 5
+ 4
= 1 ∴ a = √5, b = 2 and e = √1 − 5 =
√5
1
Now focus (X, Y) ≡ (±√5 , 0) ⇒ (x − 2, y + 1) ≡ (±1, 0)
√5
⇒ (x, y) ≡ (±1 + 2, −1) ≡ (3, −1), (1, −1)
2b2 2⋅22 8
And length of latus rectum = a
= =
√5 √5

07. (a) Find the eccentricity of the ellipse 4x 2 + 5y 2 = 1. [CB’23]

Solution
3
(a) Similar to (a) of question no. 05 Ans: 5

13
08. (a) Determine the length of latus rectum of the ellipse 2x 2 + 3y 2 = 1. [DB’22]
Solution
x2 y2
(a) Equation of the ellipse: 2x 2 + 3y 2 = 1 ⇒ 1 + 1 = 1 … … … (i)
2 3
x2 y2 1 1
Comparing (i) with a2
+ b2 = 1 , we get, a2 = 2 , b2 = 3 ∴ a > b
1
2b2 2× 2√2
3
∴ Length of latus rectum = a
= 1 = 3
unit (Ans.)
√2

09. Scenario-1: 4x 2 − 8x + 8y 2 − 8y = 10 is the equation of an ellipse. [Ctg.B’22]

(b) Find the center, foci, and length of latus rectum of the ellipse in scenario-1.
Solution
1 1
(b) Equation of the ellipse is, 4x 2 − 8x + 8y 2 − 8y = 10 ⇒ 4(x 2 − 2x + 1 − 1) + 8 (y 2 − y + 4 − 4) = 10
1 2 1 2
⇒ 4(x − 1)2 − 4 + 8 (y − 2) − 2 = 10 ⇒ 4(x − 1)2 + 8 (y − 2) = 16
1 2
(x−1)2 (y− ) X2 Y2 1
2
⇒ + =1⇒ + 2 = 1 … … … (i) [let, X = x − 1, and Y = y − ]
4 2 22 (√2) 2
x2 y2
Comparing (i) with a2
+ b2
= 1 , we get, a = 2 and b = √2 ∴ a > b, centre, C(X, Y) ≡ (0, 0)
1 1 1
X = 0 ⇒ x − 1 = 0 ∴ x = 1, Y = 0 ⇒ y − = 0 ∴ y = ∴ centre C(x, y) ≡ (1, ) (Ans.)
2 2 2
b2 2 √2 1
Eccentricity, e = √1 − = √1 − = = ; coordinates of focii, S(X, Y) ≡ (±ae, 0)
a2 4 2 √2
1 1 1 1
X = ±ae ⇒ x − 1 = ±2 × 2 ∴ x = 1 ± √2 Y = 0 ⇒ y − 2 = 0 ∴ y = 2 ∴ focus, S(x, y) ≡ (1 ± √2, 2) (Ans.)
√
2b2 2×2
Length of latus rectum= = = 2 unit (Ans.)
a 2

10. (a) Determine the eccentricity of the conic 4x 2 + 7y 2 = 28 . [SB’22]

Solution
33
(a) Similar to (a) of question no. 05 Ans: √
49

11. Stem-2: 4x 2 + 9y 2 − 40x − 108y + 388 = 0 is a conic.

(c) Find out the equation of latus rectum of the conic of stem-2. [BB’22]
Solution
(c) Try Yourself. Ans: x = 5 ± √5
12. Stem-2: x 2 + 2y 2 − 12x + 28 = 0 [CB’22]
(c) Find the coordinates of the focus and the equation of the directrix of the conic mentioned in stem-2.
Solution
(c) Given that, x 2 + 2y 2 − 12x + 28 = 0 ⇒ x 2 − 12x + 36 − 36 + 2y 2 + 28 = 0
(x−6)2 y2 x2 y2
⇒ (x − 6)2 + 2y 2 = 8 ⇒ 8
+ 4
=1⇒ 2 + (2)2 = 1 … … … [let, X = x − 6]
(2√2)
x2 y2 b2 4 1
Comparing (i) with + = 1, a = 2√2 and b = 2 ∴ a > b ∴ e = √1 − = √1 − =
a2 b2 a2 8 √2
1
∴ Focus, (x, y) ≡ (±ae, 0); X = ±ae ⇒ x − 6 = ± (2√2 × ) ⇒ x = 6 ± 2 ∴ x = 8 or 4
√2
a 2√2
y = 0 ∴ Focus, S (8, 0) and S ′ (4, 0) ∴ Equation of directrix, X = ± e ⇒ x − 6 = ± 1 ⇒ x − 6 = ±4
√2
Taking(+), x − 10 = 0; Taking (−), x − 2 = 0 (Ans.)

14
13. (a) Find the eccentricity of the conic x 2 + 4y 2 = 1. [CB’22]
Solution

15
(a) Similar to (a) of question no. 05 Ans: √16

14. (a) Find the distance between a focus and its corresponding directrix of the ellipse 4x 2 + 5y 2 = 1.
[Din.B’22]
Solution

x2 y2 1 1 b2 4 1
(a) x 2 + 5y 2 = 1 ⇒ 1 2
+ 1 2
= 1 ∴ a = 2 and b = ∴ a > b ∴ e = √1 − a2 = √1 − 5 =
( ) ( ) √5 √5
2 √5
a √5 1 2√5
∴ Distance between an focus of the ellipse and its corresponding directrix,= e − ae = 2
−2 = (Ans.)
√5 5

15. Stem-1: 4x 2 + 6y 2 − 4x − 36y + 43 = 0. [MB’22]

(a) 5x 2 + 4y 2 = 1, find its length of latus rectum.
(b) Find the equation of the directrix of the conic by expressing the equation given in stem-1 in standard
form.
Solution
4
(a) Similar to (a) of question no. 08 Ans: 5 unit
(b) From stem-1, 4x 2 + 6y 2 − 4x − 36y + 43 = 0 ⇒ 4(x 2 − x) + 6(y 2 − 6y) + 43 = 0
1 1 1
⇒ 4 (x 2 − 2 ⋅ x ⋅ + − ) + 6(y 2 − 2 ⋅ 3 ⋅ y + 9 − 9) + 43 = 0
2 4 4
1 2 1 2
⇒ 4 (x − ) − 1 + 6(y − 3)2 − 54 + 43 = 0 ⇒ 4 (x − ) + 6(y − 3)2 = 12
2 2
X2 Y2 1
⇒ 2 + 2 = 1 … … … (i) [let, X = x − , Y = y − 3]
(√3) (√2) 2

b2 2 1
∴ a = √3 and b = √2 ∴ a > b ∴ e = √1 − a2 = √1 − 3 =
√3
a 1 √3 1
∴ Equation of the directrix is X = ± e ⇒ x − 2 = ± 1 ⇒ x − 2 = ±3 ⇒ 2x − 1 = ±6
√3

Taking(+) , 2x − 7 = 0
} (Ans.)
Taking(−) , 2x + 5 = 0

16. (a) Determine the eccentricity of the ellipse 3x 2 + 5y 2 = 1. [DB’19]

Solution

2
(a) Similar to (a) of question no. 05 Ans: √5

T-08: Equation of ellipse from various conditions

1
01. Scenario-02: The center of a conic is at the origin, length of its latus rectum is 10 and eccentricity is . [RB’23]
√3
(c) Determine the equation of the conic considering the co-ordinate axes as the axes of the conic in scenario-02.

15
 Solution
(c) Given that, length of the latus rectum = 10
1 2b2
Eccentricity = e = Let, a > b ∴We know, length of the latus rectum, = 10 ∴ b2 = 5a … … … (i)
√3 a
b2 b2 1 2a2
Again, e = √1 − a2 ⇒ e2 = 1 − a2 ⇒ b2 = a2 (1 − e2 ) ⇒ b2 = a2 (1 − 3) ∴ b2 = 3
… … … (ii)
2a2 15
Comparing (i) & (ii), 5a = ⇒ 15 = 2a ∴ a =
3 2
75
Now, b2 = 2
x2 y2 x2 y2 x2 y2 4x2 2y2
Required equation: a2 + b2 = 1 ⇒ 15 2
+ 75 =1⇒ 225 + 75 = 1 ⇒ 225 + 75
= 1 ⇒ 4x 2 + 6y 2 = 225
( ) 2 4 2
2

∴ Required equation: 4x 2 + 6y 2 = 225 (Ans.)

02. Scenario-1: [SB’23]

1
(b) If eccentricity of ellipse in scenario-1 is 3, find its equation.
Solution
(b) Since axes of the ellipse are on x and y-axis,
x2 y2
Let, equation of ellipse, a2 + b2 = 1, (a > b)
9 16
which passes through L. ∴ 4a2 + b2 = 1 … … … (i)
3 3
+ 4−4 3
Now, focus S (2 2 2 , 2
) ⇒ (2 , 0)
3 1 3 1 9
Now, ae = 2 ⇒ a × 3 = 2 [∵ e = 3] ∴ a = 2
9 16 16 1
From (i) we get, 81 + b2 = 1 ⇒ b2 = 1 − 9 ⇒ b2 = 18
4⋅
4
4x2 y2
∴ Equation of ellipse, 81
+ 18 = 1 (Ans.)

03. [JB’23]

(c) In the stem if OB ′ = 4 and AS = A′S then considering BB′ as major axis and AA′ as minor axis, determine
the equation of latus rectum of the drawn ellipse.

16
 Solution

(c) As, OB ′ = 4 unit, that is why SB′ = 3 + 4 = 7 unit ∴ SB = 3 unit that Y

is coordinate of B is (0,8) B(0,8)

Again AS = A′ S that is C is the midpoint of AA′ ∴ Coordinate of C (0,2)
Considering BB′ as major axis and AA′ as minr axis the equation of the

S(0,2)
x2 (y−2)2 A 1 (-3,2)
ellipse + =1
32 62 A(3, 2)
X1 X
b2 −a2 36−9 3√3 O
Where, a = 3, b = 6(a < b) ∴ eccentricity e = √ b2
=√ 36
= 6 B1 (0,-4)
3√3
∴ Equation of latus rectum, y − 2 = ±be ⇒ y − 2 = ±6 × 6
Y1

∴ y − 2 = ±3√3.

04. Stem-1: [DB’22]

(b) Determine the eccentricity, focii, and the equation of directrices of the ellipse in stem-1.
Solution

(b) From the figure of stimulus-1, we get, the length of major axis is, 2a = √(3 + 3)2 + 0 ⇒ a = 3
and length of minor axis is, 2b = √(1 + 1)2 + 0 ∴ b = 1 ∵ a > b
b2 1 2√2
∴ Eccentricity, e = √1 − a2 = √1 − 9 = 3
(Ans.)
2√2
Equation of focus, x = ±ae ⇒ x = ±3 × 3
∴ x = ±2√2 (Ans.)
a 3
Equation of directrix, x = ± ⇒ x = ± 2√2 ∴ 2√2x ± 9 = 0 (Ans.)
e
3

05. Scenario-2: [RB’22]

AA′ = 6, AO < OB.

(c) If the coordinate of focus S of the ellipse of scenario-2 is (0, 4), then determine the equation of its
directrix.

17
 Solution
(c) From scenario-2, we get, AA′ = 2a = 6 ∴ a = 3 and AO < OB
Thus, major axis is along the y axis, b > a ; Given, focus, S(0, 4) ∴ be = 4 … … … (i)
a2 b2 −a2
Again, eccentricity, e = √1 − b2 ⇒ e2 = b2
4
⇒ (be)2 = b2 − a2 ⇒ 42 = b2 − 9 ⇒ b2 = 25 ∴ b = 5, (i) ⇒ e = 5
b 5
∴ Equation of the directrix is, y = ± e ⇒ y = ± 4 ∴ 4y ± 25 = 0 (Ans.)
5

06. Scenario-1: [RB’22]

(b) Determine the equation of latus rectum of the ellipse mentioned in scenario-1.
Solution
x2 y2
(b) Let, equation of the ellipse be, a2 + b2 = 1 … … … (i)
y x
Equation of the given straight line is 3y − 2x = 10 ⇒ 10 + −5 = 1
3
10
Thus, the ellipse passes through (−5, 0) and (0, 3
)
10 2
(−5)2 ( ) 100 10
2
∴ a2
+ 0 = 1 ⇒ a = 25 ⇒ a = 5 and 0 + 3
b2
= 1 ⇒ b2 = 9
⇒b= 3
∴a>b
b2 100 √5
∴ Eccentricity, e = √1 − a2 = √1 − 9×25 = 3
√5
∴ Equation of latus rectum is, x = ±ae ⇒ x = ±5 × ∴ 3x ± 5√5 = 0 (Ans.)
3

07. Scenario-1: 4x 2 + ay 2 = 1 is the equation of conic. [SB’ 22]

(b) If the conic of scenario-1 passes through points (0, ±1), then determine the length of axes of the conic.
Solution
(b) Given equation is, 4x 2 + ay 2 = 1 … … … (i)
As the conic (i) passes through the points (0, ±1), 4 × 02 + a × (±1)2 = 1 ∴ a = 1
x2 y2
(i) ⇒ 4x 2 + y = 1 ⇒ 1 2
+ (1)2 = 1 … … … (ii)
( )
2
x2 y2 1
Comparing (ii) with a2
+ b2 = 1 , we get, A = 2 , b = 1 ∴ b > a
∴ Length of the major axis = 2b = 2 × 1 = 2 unit
1 } (Ans.)
and length of the minor axis = 2a = 2 × = 1 unit
2

1
08. Stem-2: A conic with eccentricity passes through point (4, −2√6) whose axes are along the coordinate axes.
√2
[BB’22]
(c) Determine the equation of the conic mentioned in stem-2.

18
 Solution
1 x2 y2
(c) Given that, e = < 1; let equation of the ellipse is, a2 + b2 = 1 … … … (i) (a > b)
√2
16 24
As (i) passes through the point (4, −2√6), + 2 = 1 … … … (ii)
a2 b
b2 b2 1 b2
Again, e = √1 − a2 ⇒ e2 = 1 − a2 ⇒ 2 = 1 − a2 ⇒ a2 = 2b2 … … … (iii)
16 24
(ii) ⇒
2b2
+ b2 = 1 ⇒ 16 + 48 = 2b2 ⇒ b2 = 32 ∴ a2 = 64 [from (iii) ]
x2 y2
∴ Equation of the ellipse is, 64 + 32 = 1 (Ans.)

09. [Din.B’22]

(a) Find the equation of an ellipse if M and N are the focii and the length of the major axis is 6.
Solution
(a) Given the focii, M (4, 2) and N (8, 2)
Since the coordinates are same the major axis is parallel to x axis ∴ a > b; center, C (6, 2)
2
According to the question, 2a = 6 ⇒ a = 3 and MN = 2ae ⇒ 4 = 2 × 3 × e ∴ e = 3
b2 4 b2 (x−6)2 (y−2)2
Again, e2 = 1 − a2 ⇒ 9 = 1 − 9
∴ b2 = 5 ∴ The required equation of the ellipse, 9
+ 5
= 1 (Ans.)

10. A(1, −3), B(0,7), C(1,1)

√3
(c) If A and C are vertices of an ellipse and eccentricity is 2
, find the equation of the ellipse. [Din.B’22]
Solution

(c) Given vertices, A (1, −3) & C (1, 1)

Since the abscissa of the vertices are the same, the major axis is parallel to the y-axis-
1+1 −3+1 (x−1)2 (y+1)2
∴ center, C ( 2
, 2 ) = (1, −1) ∴ ellipse is, a2
+ b2
=1
Length of major axis, 2b = √(1 + 3)2 + 0 ⇒ 2b = 4 ∴ b = 2
a2 3 a2 (y+1)2
Again, e2 = 1 − b2 ⇒ 4 = 1 − 4
⇒ a2 = 1 ∴ Equation of the ellipse, (x − 1)2 + 4
= 1 (Ans.)

11. Scenario-2: The distance between the focus of an ellipse and its nearest directrix is 14 cm. [RB’19]
3
(c) From Scenario-2, if the eccentricity of the ellipse is , find the length of the latus rectum.
4
Solution
(c) Try Yourself. Ans: 21 cm

19
 T-09: Equation of ellipse from a focus, directrix and eccentricity

1
01. Scenario-01: Focus of an ellipse is (−2, 3) and eccentricity [DB’23]
√3
(b) If the equation of the directrix of the ellipse in scenario-01 is x + 2y − 1 = 0, then determine the
equation of the ellipse.
Solution
1
(b) Given that, focus of the ellipse is S(−2,3); Eccentricity, e =
√3
Equation of the directrix: x + 2y − 1 = 0 … … … (i)
By definition, if one point on the ellipse is P(x, y), then, SP = e ⋅ PM
1 |x+2y−1|
⇒ √{x − (−2)}2 + (y − 3)2 = ⋅
√3 √12 +22
(x+2y−1)2
⇒ (x + 2)2 + (y − 3)2 = 3×5
[Squaring]
⇒ 15x 2 + 15y 2 + 60x − 90y + 195 = x 2 + 4y 2 + 1 + 4xy − 4y − 2x
∴ 14x 2 + 11y 2 − 4xy + 62x − 86y + 194 = 0; Which is the equation of the ellipse.

02. [BB’23]

(c) Find the equation of ellipse with A and A′ of the stem as focus and equation of a directrix, 5x − 36 = 0.
Solution
(c) A(−4, 0) and A′ (4, 0) ∴ Center, C ≡ (0, 0) and 2ae = 8 ⇒ ae = 4 … … … (i)
|5.0−36| 36 a
Now, distance of directrix from center (0, 0), = = e … … … (ii)
√25 5
a 36 144 12
(i) × (ii), ae × = × 4 ⇒ a2 = ∴a=
e 5 5 √5
4 4√5 √5
Again, ae = 4 ⇒ e = = =
a 12 3
b2 b2 4 4 144 64
Again, e = 1 − 2 ⇒ 2 = 1 − e2 = ⇒ b2 = ×
2
=
a a 9 9 5 5
x2 y2 x2 y2 5x2 5x2
∴ Equation of ellipse, a2 + b2 = 1 ⇒ 144 + 64 = 1 ⇒ 144 + 64 = 1 (Ans.)
5 5

03. Scenario-1: [Ctg.B’23]

Focus of the ellipse is S and the directrix is MZ.

(b) Find the equation of the ellipse from scenario-1.

20
 Solution
|1−1−4| 4
(b) Distance of point D(1, 1) from the directrix x − y − 4 = 0 is = = = 2√2 unit
√12 +12 √2

and SD = √(1 − 1)2 + (1 + 1)2 = 2

2 1
∴e=2 = [∵ SD = e ⋅ DM]
√2 √2
SP
Let, P(x,y) is a point on the ellipse. ∴ =e
MP
⇒ SP2 = e2 × MP2
1 (x−y−4)2
⇒ (x − 1)2 + (y + 1)2 = 2 × 12 +12
2 2 1
⇒ x − 2x + 1 + y + 2y + 1 = 4 (x 2 + y 2 + 16 − 2xy − 8x + 8y)
1
⇒ x 2 + y 2 − 2x + 2y + 2 = 4 (x 2 + y 2 + 16 − 2xy − 8x + 8y)
⇒ 4x 2 + 4y 2 − 8x + 8y + 8 = x 2 + y 2 + 16 − 2xy − 8x + 8y
⇒ 3x 2 + 3y 2 + 2xy − 8 = 0; is the required equation of the conic.

04. [Din.B’23]

1
(b) From Scenario-1 determine the locus of P where eccentricity is , focus S and direcrtix MZM′.
3

Solution
1
(b) Given that, the conic in Scenario-1 is an ellipse whose eccentricity, e = , focus (−1,1) and equation of
3
directrix x + 2y − 3 = 0
Let, P(x, y) is a point on the ellipse. From the definition of ellipse, SP = e ⋅ PM ⇒ SP2 = e2 ⋅ PM 2

1 |x+2y−3|
⇒ (x + 1)2 + (y − 1)2 = 9 5
⇒ 45x 2 + 90x + 45 + 45y 2 − 90y + 45 = x 2 + 4y 2 + 9 + 4xy − 6x − 12y
⇒ 44x 2 + 41y 2 + 96x + 102y − 4xy + 81 = 0
∴ Therefore the locus of P is 44x 2 + 41y 2 + 96x + 102y − 4xy + 81 = 0 (Ans.)
1
05. Scenario-2: Centre of a conic is (−2, −2) and vertex is (4, −1), eccentricity is 3. [Ctg.B’22]
(c) Identify the conic of scenario-2 and also its equation.

21
 Solution
1 y+1 x−4
(c) Eccentricity, e = 3 ∴ Equation of axis, −1+2 = 4+2 ⇒ 6y + 6 = x − 4 ⇒ x − 6y − 10 = 0 … … … (i)
a √37
Now, a = √62 + 12 = √37 ∴ e = 3√37, ae = 3
Equation of directrix: directrix is perpendicular to axis,
therefore, directrix ≡ 6x + y + k = 0
|6×4−1+k| a
= e − a ⇒ |23 + k| = (3√37 − √37)√37 = 74
√62 +12
⇒ |23 + k| = 74 ⇒ k = 51, −97
a
Here, if k = −97 the distance of directrix from the point (−2, −2) = but for k = 51, the distance of
e
a
directrix from center ≠ e. Therefore, k = −97 ∴ Directrix ≡ 6x + y − 97 = 0
√37 2√37 √37 2√37
×4+ ×(−2) ×(−1)+ ×(−2) −5 −5
3 3 3 3
Determination of focus: x = = 0; y = = ∴ Focus ≡ (0, )
√37 √37 3 3
5 2 (6x+y−97)2 5 2 (6x+y−97)2
∴ Equation of ellipse,(x − 0)2 + (y + 3) = 62 +12
⇒ x 2 + (y + 3) = 37
(Ans.)

1
06. Stem-2: Focus of an ellipse is (−2,3), equation of directrix is 2x + y − 3 = 0 and eccentricity is . [JB’22]
√3
(c) Determine the equation of the ellipse.
Solution
(c) Similar to (b) of question no. 01 Ans: 11x 2 + 14y 2 − 4xy + 72x + 84y + 186 = 0
1
07. Stem-1: An ellipse has two axes x and y-axes, a focus (2, 0) and eccentricity . [CB’22]
√2
(b) If the directrix is perpendicular to the x-axis and directed to the point (8,0), show from scenario-1 that
the equation of the ellipse is x 2 + 2y 2 + 8x − 56 = 0.
Solution
1
(b) From stem 1, S(2, 0) and e = <1
√2
The equation of the directrix perpendicular to the x-axis and directed to (8,0) is x = 8 ⇒ x − 8 = 0 … … (i)
Let, P (x, y) be a point on the conic
1 x−8
We know, SP = e × PM ⇒ √(x − 2)2 + y 2 = ×| 1 |
√2
1
⇒ x 2 − 4x + 4 + y 2 = 2 (x 2 − 16x + 64) [by squaring] ∴ x 2 + 2y 2 + 8x − 56 = 0 (Showed)

08. Stem-2: [DB’19]

M
Z
S(2, - 1)
M
Equation of MZM′ is x − 2y + 2 = 0
1
(c) From stem-2, determine the equation of the ellipse whose eccentricity is , focus is S and MZM′ is the
√2
directrix.
Solution
(c) Similar to (b) of question no. 01 Ans: 9x 2 + 6y 2 + 4xy − 44x + 28y + 46 = 0

22
 T-10: Special problems

01. [SB’19]
Y
B(0, 4)

X´ A(-4,0) O X
Y´
(c) Find the coordinate of focus of the ellipse drawn taking O as center and AB as directrix where the
1
eccentricity is .
√2

Solution
(c) The equation of AB, x − y + 4 = 0 [From b]
Equation of axis, x + y = 0
∴ The intersecting point of directrix and axis is (−2,2)
now, (0,0) and (−2,2) are internally divided by (α, β) in the ratio 1: √2
−2+0 2+0
∴α= = 2 − 2√2 ; β = = −2 + 2√2
1+√2 1+√2

Again, (0,0) and (−2,2) are externally divided by (γ, δ) in the ratio 1: √2
−2−0 2−0
∴γ= = 2 + 2√2 ; δ= = −2 − 2√2
1−√2 1−√2
∴ Coordinate of focus, (2 − 2√2, −2 + 2√2), (2 + 2√2, −2 − 2√2)

T-11: Various elements from the equation of hyperbola

01. (a) Determine the focus of the conic 3y 2 − 5x 2 = 15. [RB’23]

Solution
y2 x2 y2 x2
(a) Equation of the given conic 3y 2 − 5x 2 = 15 ⇒ 5
− 3
=1⇒ 2 − 2 = 1; a = √3, b = √5
(√5) (√3)

a2 a2 +b2 8 2√2
Eccentricity, e = √1 + b2 = √ b2
= √5 =
√5
2√2
Focus = (0, ±be) ≡ (0, ±√5 × ) = (0, ±2√2)
√5

02. (a) Find the eccentricity of the conic x 2 − 4y 2 = 2. [Ctg.B’23]

Solution

(a) x 2 − 4y 2 = 2
1
x2 y2 1 √5
⇒ 2
− 1 = 0 ∴ e = √1 + 2
2
= √1 + 4 = 2
2

03. Scenario-2: 4x 2 − 9y 2 − 16x + 54y − 101 = 0 [SB’23]

(c) Find the co-ordinates of focus of the conic in scenario-2.

23
 Solution
(c) Given, 4x 2 − 9y 2 − 16x + 54y − 101 = 0 ⇒ 4x 2 − 16x − 9y 2 + 54y = 101
⇒ 4(x 2 − 4x + 4) − 9(y 2 − 6y + 9) = 101 + 16 − 81 ⇒ 4(x − 2)2 − 9(y − 3)2 = 36
(x−2)2 (y−3)2 X2 Y2
⇒ 9
− 4
= 1 ⇒ 32 − 22 = 1 [X = x − 2, Y = y − 3 (let)]
9+4 √13
∴ Eccentricity, e = √ 9
= 3
∴ Focus (±ae, 0)
√13
∴ X = ± ae ⇒ x − 2 = ±3 × ∴ x = 2 ± √13 and, Y = 0 ⇒ y − 3 = 0 ∴ y = 3
3
∴ Focus (2 ± √13, 3) (Ans.)

04. (a) Determine the equation of directrix of the conic 9x 2 − 4y 2 = 36. [JB’23]
Solution
x2 y2
(a) Given that, 9x − 4y 2 = 36 ⇒ 4
− 9
=1
∴ a2 = 4 and b2 = 9
a2 +b2 √13
∴ eccentricity, e = √ a2
= 2
a 2
Then, equation of the required directrix x = ± e ⇒ x = ±2 × ⇒ √13x ± 4 = 0 (Ans.)
√13

05. Scenario-2: x 2 − 3y 2 − 4x − 8 = 0 [CB’23]

(c) In the scenario-2, find the equation and length of latus rectum.
Solution
(c) Given in scenario-2, x 2 − 3y 2 − 4x − 8 = 0 ⇒ x 2 − 4x + 4 − 3y 2 − 12 = 0 ⇒ (x − 2)2 − 3y = 12
(x−2)2 y2 4 2
⇒ − = 1 ∴ a = 2√3, b = 2 ∴ e = √1 + =
12 4 12 √3
2b2 2×4 4 2
∴ Length of latus rectum = = = unit and equation ⇒ X = ±ae ⇒ (x − 2) = ±2√3 ×
a 2√3 √3 √3
⇒ x − 2 = ±4 ∴ x = 6 or x = −2
06. Scenario-1: 4x 2 − 9y 2 − 16x + 54y − 101 = 0. [MB’23]
(b) Express the conic of Scenario-1 in ideal form and determine the length of the latus rectum and equation
of the directrix.
Solution
(b) Equation of the given conic:
4x 2 − 9y 2 − 16x + 54y − 101 = 0 ⇒ 4(x 2 − 4x + 4) − 9(y 2 − 6y + 9) = 101 + 16 − 81 = 36
(x−2)2 (y−3)2 X2 Y2
Comparing 32
− 22
= 1 with the ideal equation of hyperbola a2 − b2 = 1,
We get, X = x − 2; Y = y − 3; a = 3; b = 2
2×b2 2×4 8
∵ The transverse axis of the hyperbola is along x-axis. ∴ Length of the latus rectum = a
= 3
= 3 (Ans.)
a 3 3 3×3 9√13
Now, e = 2
= = =
√1+(b) √1+
4 √13 13
a 9
9√13 9√13 9√13
∴ Equation of the directrix X = ± 13
⇒x−2=± 13
∴x=2± 13
(Ans.)

07. (a) Find out the eccentricity of the conic 3x 2 − 4y 2 = 12. [RB’22]

24
 Solution
x2 y2
(a) Given equation, 3x 2 − 4y 2 = 12 ⇒ 4
− 3
= 1 … … … (i)
x2 y2 b2 3 √7
Comparing (i) with a2 − b2 = 1 , we get, a2 = 4 and b2 = 3 ∴ Eccentricity, e = √1 + a2 = √1 + 4 = 2
(Ans.)

y2
08. (a) Determine the coordinates of focus of the hyperbola 2
− x 2 = 1. [BB’22]
Solution
y2 y2 x2
(a) Given equation is, 2
− x2 = 1 ⇒ 2 − (1)2 = 1 … … … (i)
(√2)

y2 x2 a2 1 3
Comparing (i) with b2
− a2 = 1 , we get, b = √2 and a = 1 ∴ Eccentricity, e = √1 + b2 = √1 + 2 = √2

∴ Coordinates of focus, S(0, ±be) ≡ (0, ±√3) (Ans.)

09. Stem-1: 9x 2 − 4y 2 + 36x − 8y − 4 = 0 is the equation of a conic. [BB’22]

(b) Determine the coordinates of focus of the conic mentioned in the stem-1.
Solution
(b) Equation of the conic obtained from the stem is,
9x 2 − 4y 2 + 36x − 8y − 4 = 0 ⇒ 9(x 2 − 4x) − 4(y 2 + 2y) − 4 = 0
9(x 2 − 4x + 4 − 4) − 4(y 2 + 2y + 1 − 1) − 4 = 0 ⇒ 9(x − 2)2 − 36 − 4(y + 1)2 + 4 − 4 = 0
(x−2)2 (y+1)2
⇒ 9(x − 2)2 − 4(y + 1)2 = 36 ⇒ − =1
4 9
X2 Y2 x2 y2
⇒ 22 − 32 = 1 … … … (i) [Let, X = x − 2, Y = y + 1]; Comparing (i) with a2
− b2 = 1,we get, a = 2, b = 3
b2 9 √13
∴ Eccentricity, e = √1 + = √1 + = ∴ Coordinates of the focus, S(X, Y) ≡ (±ae, 0)
a2 4 2
√13
X = ±ae ⇒ x − 2 = ± (2 × 2
) ∴ x = 2 ± √13; Y = 0 ⇒ y + 1 = 0 ∴ y + 1 = 0 ∴ y = −1
∴ Coordinates of the focus, S(x, y) ≡ (2 ± √13, −1) (Ans.)
x2 y2
10. (a) Find the eccentricity of 4
− 9
+ 1 = 0. [MB’22]
Solution
√13
(a) Similar to (a) of question no. 02 Ans 2

11. Scenario-1: 9y 2 − 16x 2 − 64x − 54y − 127 = 0 [Ctg.B’19]

(b) From stem-1, determine the coordinates of the focus, distance between the foci and length of latus rectum
of the hyperbola.
Solution
32 +42 5
(b) Here, e2 = 42
∴ e = 4; 9y 2 − 16x 2 − 64x − 54y − 127 = 0
(y−3)2 (x+2)2
⇒ 9(y 2 − 6y + 9) − 16(x 2 + 4x + 4) = 144 ⇒ 42
− 32
=1
5
In case of the focus, Y = ±be ⇒ y − 3 = ±4. 4 ∴ y = 8, −2
2a2 2×9 9
∴ Focii are (−2, −2) and (−2, 8) ∴ Distance = 10 unit. Length of latus rectum = b
= 4
= 2 unit

25
 x2 y2
12. (a) − + 1 = 0 Find the lengths of the conic axes. [SB’19]
9 25
Solution
x2 y2 y2 x2 y2 x2
(a) − + 1=0 ⇒ − =1 ∴ − = 1 ∴ Length of transverse axis= 2 × 5 = 10 unit
9 25 25 9 52 32
Length of conjugate axis= 2 × 3 = 6 unit

13. Scenario-2: 4x 2 − 5y 2 − 16x − 10y − 9 = 0 [DB, SB, JB, Din.B’18]

(c) Show the standard form of the equation of Scenario-2 & determine the length & equation of its latus rectum.
Solution
(c) 4x 2 − 5y 2 − 16x + 10y − 9 = 0 ⇒ 4(x 2 − 4x) − 5(y 2 − 2y) − 9 = 0
⇒ 4(x 2 − 4x + 4) − 5 (y 2 − 2y + 1) = 9 + 16 − 5
(x−2)2 (y−1)2
⇒ 4(x − 2)2 − 5(y − 1)2 = 20 ⇒ 5
− 4
=1
2b2 2×4 8
a = √5, b = 2 ∴ Length of latus rectum = = = unit (Ans.)
a √5 √5
4 3
e = √1 + =
5 √5
∴ Coordinates of focal point (2 ± 3, 1) ≡ (5,1) & (−1,1)
∴ Equation of the latus rectum: x = 5, x = −1 (Ans.)

T-12: Equation of hyperbola from various conditions

01. Scenario-02: Eccentricity of a hyperbola is √3 and distance between the foci are 18. [DB’23]
(c) Considering the co-ordinate axes as the axes of the hyperbola, determine the equation of the hyperbola
from scenario-02.
Solution
x2 y2
(c) Let, equation of the hyperbola is: − = 1 … … … (i)
a2 b2
Given that, eccentricity, e = √3 and distance between the foci, 2ae = 18 [Let, the transverse axis is
along x-axis]
18
∴ a = 2× = 3√3 ⇒ a2 = 27 … … … (ii)
√3
b2 b2
Again, e2 = 1 + a2 ⇒ 1 + 27 = 3 ⇒ b2 = 27 × 2 = 54 … … … (iii)
x2 y2
Combining (i), (ii) & (iii), 27
− 54
= 1 ⇒ 2x 2 − y 2 = 54; Which is the equation of required hyperbola. (Ans.)

02. [BB’23]

(b) Find the equation of the hyperbola from the stem.

26
 Solution
x2 y2
(b) According to the stem transverse axis = x-axis ∴ Equation of hyperbola, a2 − b2 = 1 … … … (i)
5 5
Again, 2a = 8 ⇒ a = 4 and 2ae = 10 ⇒ ae = 5 ⇒ e = =
a 4
b2 b2 25 b2
e2 = 1 + a2 ⇒ e2 − 1 = a2 ⇒ 16 − 1 = 16 ⇒ b2 = 9
x2 y2
∴ (i) ⇒ 16 − 9
= 1; This is the required equation of hyperbola. (Ans.)

03. [Din.B’23]

(c) In Scenario-2, if the foci S and S′, distance of directrix from the center is 3 units, then determine the
equation of the hyperbola and its asymptotes.
Solution
(c) Given that, the focii S ′ (−4,0), S(4,0)
∴ Distance between two focii = √(4 + 4)2 + 02 = 8
∴ 2ae = 8 … … … (i) [Transverse axis is parallel to x-axis]
a
Again, distance of directrix from the center e = 3 … … … (ii)
a
(i) × (ii) ⇒ 2ae × = 8 × 3 ⇒ 2a2 = 24 ⇒ a2 = 12 ∴ a = √12
e
2
Now, putting a = √12 in (i) we get, ae = 4 ⇒ √12 e = 4 ∴ e =
√3
b2 b2
We know, e2 = 1 + a2 ⇒ e2 − 1 = a2 ⇒ b2 = a2 (e2 − 1) ⇒ b = √a2 (e2 − 1)
4
⇒ b = √12 (3) − 1 ⇒ b = √16 − 1 ∴ b = √15
∴ Coordinates of the center of the hyperbola (0,0)
x2 y2 x2 y2
Therefore, equation of the hyperbola 2 − 2 = 1 ∴ 12 − 15 = 1
(√12) (√15)
x2 y2 x2 y2 15 2 √15
And equation of the asymptotes, − = 0⇒ = ⇒ y2 = x ∴y=± x (Ans.)
12 15 12 15 12 √12

04. Scenario-2: [RB’22]

AA′ = 8, SS ′ = 10
(c) Determine the equation of the hyperbola in scenario-2.

27
 Solution

(c) From scenario-2, we get, Transverse axis is along the x axis.

x2 y2
Let the equation of the hyperbola is, a2 − b2 = 1 … … … (i)
According to question, AA′ = 8 ⇒ 2a = 8 ⇒ a = 4
5
and SS ′ = 10 ⇒ 2ae = 10 ⇒ 2 × 4 × e = 10 ⇒ e = 4
b2 5 2 b2
Again, e2 = 1 + a2 ⇒ (4) = 1 + 42 ∴ b2 = 9
x2 y2
∴ Required equation of the hyperbola is, 16 − 9
= 1 (Ans.)

05. Scenario-2: The length of latus rectum of a hyperbola with its center at origin and transverse axis along the
y-axis is 24 and distance between focii is 16 unit [Ctg.B’22]
(c) Determine the equation of hyperbola using the data of scenario-2.
Solution

(c) Let, the equation of the hyperbola with center at origin and transverse axis along y axis be,
y2 x2 2a2
b2
− a2 = 1 … … … (i); According to question, length of latus rectum, b
= 24 ⇒ a2 = 12b … … … (ii)
And focal distance, 2be = 16 ⇒ be = 8 … … … (iii)
a2 b2 +a2
Again, e = √1 + b2 ⇒ e2 = b2
⇒ (be)2 = b2 + 12b [from(ii)]

⇒ 82 = b2 + 12b [from (iii) ] ⇒ b2 + 12b − 64 = 0

⇒ b2 + 16b − 4b − 64 = 0 ⇒ b(b + 16) − 4(b + 16) = 0 ⇒ (b + 16)(b − 4) = 0
∴ Either, b = −16 [not acceptable] or, b = 4 ∴ b = 4 ⇒ b2 = 16
y2 x2
(ii) ⇒ a2 = 12 × 4 = 48 ∴ Equation of the determined hyperbola is, − = 1 (Ans.)
16 48

06. Scenario-2: of a conic with eccentricity √3 , distance between the two directrices is 4 unit. [SB’22]
(c) If the axes of the conic in scenario-2 are along the coordinate axes, then determine the equation of the
conics.
Solution
x2 y2
(c) Let, the equation of the conic be, a2 − b2 = 1 … … … (i)
2a 2a
According to question, distance between the directrices is = 4 ⇒ e
=4⇒ =4
√3
⇒ a = 2√3 [∵ e = √3]
b2 b2 2 b2
Again, e = √1 + a2 ⇒ e2 = 1 + a2 ⇒ (√3) = 1 + 2 ∴ b2 = 24
(2√3)
x2 y2
∴ Equation of the hyperbola is, 12 − 24 = 1 (Ans.)

√13 √28
07. Stem-1: A conic has eccentricity and passes through (4, ). [CB’22]
3 3
(b) Determine the axial length of the conic mentioned in stem-1 by taking x-axis and y-axis.

28
 Solution
√13 x2 y2
(b) From stem-1, eccentricity, e = 3
> 1; Let, the equation of the hyperbola, a2 − b2 = 1 … … … (i)
√28 16 28
(i) no equation goes through (4, 3
), a2 − 9b2 = 1 … … … (ii)
b2 13 b2 b2 4 4
Again, e2 = 1 − a2 ⇒ 9
= 1 − a2 ⇒ a2 = 9 ∴ b2 = 9 a2 … … … (iii)
16 28
(ii) ⇒
a2
− 4a2 = 1 ⇒ 64 − 28 = 4a2 ∴ a2 = 9 ∴ b2 = 4 [from(iii)]
x2 y2
∴ Equation of the hyperbola, − = 1 ∴ Length of transverse axis = 2a = 2 × 3 = 6 unit
9 4
Length of conjugate axis = 2b = 2 × 2 = 4 unit

08. [Din.B’22]

(c) Find the equation of an hyperbola considering M and N as focus and eccentricity 2.
Solution
4+8 2+2
(c) Given, the focii of hyperbola of M (4, 2) and N (8, 2) ∴ Center, C ( 2
, 2 ) = (6, 2) and e = 2
Since the ordinates of the two focii are the same, the transverse-axis is parallel to the x-axis, then the equation
(x−6)2 (y−2)2
of the hyperbola is, − = 1 … … … (i); here, MN = 2ae ⇒ √42 + 0 = 2 × a × 2 ∴ a = 1
a2 b2
b2 b2 y2
again, e2 = 1 + a2 ⇒ 4 = 1 + 1
∴ b2 = 3 ∴ Equation of the hyperbola x 2 − 3
= 1 (Ans.)

09. Stem-2: A conic has focii (10,5) and (8,3) and eccentricity of √2 [MB’22]
(c) Determine the equation of the conic described in stem-2.
Solution

(c) Try Yourself. Ans: (x − 10)2 + (y − 5)2

T-13: Equation of asymptotes and included angle from the equation of hyperbola

01. (a) Determine the equation of the asymptotes of the hyperbola 4x 2 − 9y 2 = 36. [DB’23]
Solution
x2 y2 x2 y2
(a) 4x 2 − 9y 2 = 36 ⇒ Comparing 32
− 22 = 1 with a2 − b2 = 1, we get, a = 3, b = 2
b 2
∴ The equation of asymptotes of the given hyperbola: y = ± a x ⇒ y = ± 3 x (Ans.)

29
02. Scenario-2: [RB’23]

(c) Determine the equation of the asymptotes of the conic of scenario-02, if its eccentricity is 3.
Solution
(x−0)2 (y−6)2
(c) In scenario-02, if the center and equation of the hyperbola are (0, 6) and a2
− b2
= 1 respectively,
then its focus will be (α ± ae, β) = (±12,6)
Where, α = 0, β = 6
12 12
∴ ±ae = ±12 ⇒ ae = 12 ⇒ a = e
= 3
=4
b2 b2 b2
And, e = √1 + a2 ⇒ 32 = 1 + 42 ⇒ 4
= 8 ⇒ b = 8√2
(x−0)2 (y−6)2
Therefore, equation of the hyperbola, − 2 =1
42 (8√2)
4
Equation of the asymptotes: x = ± (y − 6) (Ans.)
8√2

03. (a) Find the equation of asymptotes of the conic 9x 2 − 4y 2 = 36. [BB’23]
Solution
3
(a) Similar to (a) of question no. 01 Ans: y = ± 2 x

x2 y2
04. (a) Determine the equation of asymptotes of the hyperbola 5
− 3
= 1. [MB’23]

Solution

3
(a) Similar to (a) of question no. 01 Ans: y = ±√5 x

05. Scenario-1: Focii of a hyperbola are (4, 2), (10, 2) and eccentricity is 3. [Ctg.B’22]
(b) Determine the equation of asymptotes of the hyperbola in scenario-1.
Solution

(b) Given focii of the hyperbola are S(4, 2) and S′(10, 2) and eccentricity, e = 3
Since the angle of focii are equal, so the transverse axis is parallel to x axis.
∴ Focal distance, SS ′ = 2ae ⇒ √(10 − 4)2 + (2 − 2)2 = 2 × a × 3 ⇒ 6 = 6a ∴ a = 1
b2
Again, e = √1 + a2 ⇒ 3 = √1 + b 2 ⇒ b2 = 8 ∴ b = 2√2
b
∴ Equation of asymptote of the hyperbola, y = ± a x ∴ y = ±2√2x

30
06. (a) Find the equation of the asymptotes of the hyperbola 16y 2 − 9x 2 = 144. [RB’19]
Solution
3
(a) Similar to (a) of question no. 01 Ans: y = ± x
4

T-14: Parametric equation

x2 y2
01. (a) Determine the parametric coordinates of the ellipse 16 + 4
= 1 where θ is the eccentric angle. [Ctg.B’22]

Solution
x2 y2 x2 y2
(a) Given, equation of the ellipse is, 16 + 4
= 1 ⇒ 42 + 22 = 1 … … … (i)
x2 y2
Comparing (i) with + = 1 , we get, a = 4 and b = 2 ∴ a > b
a2 b2
∴ x = 4 cos θ and y = 2 sin θ
∴ Parametric coordinates of the ellipse: (4 cos θ , 2 sin θ); where eccentric angle θ (Ans.)

T-15: SP = e.PM

01. Scenario -2: [DB’22]

2x + y = 1 is the equation of directrix MM ′ .

(c) If the eccentricity of hyperbola of scenario-2 is √3 , then determine its equation.
Solution

(c) From stimulus-2, we get, focus S(1, 1)

Equation of directrix, MM ′ : 2x + y = 1 ⇒ 2x + y − 1 = 0 … … … (i)
Given, eccentricity, e = √3 and a point on the hyperbola is, P(x, y)
2x+y−1
We know, SP = e × PM ⇒ √(x − 1)2 + (y − 1)2 = √3 × | |
√22 +12
3
⇒ (x − 1)2 + (y − 1)2 = 5 (2x + y − 1)2
⇒ 5(x 2 − 2x + 1 + y 2 − 2y + 1) = 3(4x 2 + y 2 + 1 + 4xy − 2y − 4x)
⇒ 5x 2 + 5y 2 − 10x − 10y + 10 = 12x 2 + 3y 2 + 3 + 12xy − 6y − 12x
⇒ 2y 2 − 7x 2 − 12xy + 2x − 4y + 7 = 0
∴ 7x 2 − 2y 2 + 12xy − 2x + 4y − 7 = 0 (Ans.)

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 T-16: Focal length

01. Scenario -1: [CB’23]

(b) In the scenario-1, if S is the focus and SP = 6 units then find the coordinate of point P.
Solution

(b) Equation of parabola, y 2 = 16x [Given]

y 2 = 4 ⋅ 4x ∴ a = 4 ∴ Focus ≡ (4, 0)
Focal distance of point P = |x + a| ⇒ 6 = |x + 4| ∴ x = 2 [As P is in the first quadrant]
Putting x = 2 , y 2 = 16 × 2 ∴ y = ±4√2 = 4√2 [As P is in the first quadrant]
∴ P(x, y) ≡ (2,4√2)

02. [MB’22]

The figure above represents a conic. Whose focus is S, vertex A and MZM' is the directrix.
(b) Find the coordinates of the point P if the equation of the conic is y 2 = 6x and SP = 6.
Solution

(b) Given, y 2 = 6x … … … (i)

3
∴ Vertex A (0, 0) & a = According to the definition of parabola, SP = PM ⇒ SP = 𝑍N
2
3 9
⇒ SP = AZ + AN ⇒ 6 = a + x ⇒ 6 = 2 + x ∴ x = 2
9 9 2 9√6
Replacing (i) by x = 2, y 2 = 6 × (2) ∴ y = ± 2
9 9√6
∴ Coordinates of P (2 , ± 2
) (Ans.)

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03. (a) Focal length of a point on the parabola y 2 = 32x is 10; Determine the coordinate of the point. [CB’17]
Solution

(a) Given parabola, y 2 = 32x = 4.8. x ∴ Focus = S(8,0)

Y P(x ,y )

X
O S(8, 0)

Let, any point on the parabola is P(x, y)

According to the question,PS = 10
⇒ PS 2 = 100 [squaring]
⇒ (x − 8)2 + y 2 = 100 [∴ y 2 = 32x]
⇒ x 2 + 16x + 64 = 100
⇒ (x + 8)2 = 100 ⇒ x + 8 = ±10
⇒ x = ±10 − 8 ∴ x = −18 or 2
But, x = −18 is not acceptable.
Therefore, x = 2 ∴ y = ±8
Now, y 2 = 32x = 32 × 2 = 64 ∴ y = ±8
Coordinates of the deterministic point (2, ±8)

T-17: Tangent/secant

x2 y2
01. Scenario-1: 16 + 9
=1 [DB,SB,JB,Din.B’18]

(b) If x − y − 5 = 0 touches the conic in Scenario-1 then determine the coordinates of the point of contact.

Solution

x2 y2 xx1 yy1
(b) Equation of tangent of the conic 16
+ 9
= 1 at (x1 , y1 ) is: 16
+ 9
=1
xx1 yy1
⇒ + − 1 = 0 … . (i)
16 9
Again, x − y − 5 = 0 ........(ii); If (i) & (ii) denote the same straight line then,
X1 y1
16 9 −1 16 −9
1
= −1
= −5 ⇒ x1 = 5
, y1 = 5
16 −9
∴ Point of contact (x1 , y1 ) = ( 5 , 5
) (Ans.)

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