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Metal and Non Metal

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70 views

Metal and Non Metal

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rudrampareek
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Materials: Metals and

Non-Metals
Grade 8
By: Ms. Aanchal Kaushal
• Elements can be classified into the following two groups
depending on their physical and chemical properties:
• Metals
• Non-metals
Physical Properties of Metals:
• Hard to touch.
• Lustrous- freshly Cut surfaces of metals have characteristic shining.
• Malleable- the property of metals by which they can be beaten into thin sheets is called
malleability.
• Ductile- the property of metal by which it can be drawn into wires is called ductility.
• Sonorous- metals produce ringing sound when struck on a hard surface.
• Good conductors of heat and electricity.
Physical Properties of Non-metals:
• Non-metals are soft and dull (e.g., coal and sulphur).
• Non-metals are generally brittle, i.e., they break down into a powdery mass on tapping with a
hammer.
• They are not sonorous, Non malleable and non ductile.
• They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
The elements which possess the
properties of metals and non-metals
are called metalloids.

Metalloids:
For example: boron, silicon,
germanium, tellurium, arsenic and
antimony are metalloids.
Chemical Properties of Metals and
Non-metals:

• Reaction with Oxygen


• Reaction with Water
• Reaction with Acids
• Reaction with Bases
REACTIVITY SERIES

à In a reactivity series, the most


reactive element is placed at the
top and the least reactive
element at the bottom.
Reaction with Oxygen
• Both metals and non-metals when burnt in oxygen from Metal oxides
and Non Metal oxides.
• Oxides of metals are basic in nature while that of non-metals are
generally acidic in nature.
• Eg.
Reaction with Water
• Some metals react with water to produce metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Generally, non-metals
do not react with water.
• Metal react with water to form oxides or hydroxides along with hydrogen. Different metals react at
different temperature.
• Sodium, potassium and calcium react vigorously with cold water to form metal hydroxides.
2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2
K + H2O à KOH + H2
• Metal from magnesium to iron(in reactivity series) react with steam (but not water) to form metal
oxide and hydrogen gas.
Mg + H2O → Mg(OH)2 + H2
• Tin, lead, copper, silver and gold do not react with water or steam.

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