Educational stage

Educational stages are subdivisions of formal learning, typically covering early childhood education,
primary education, secondary education and tertiary education. The United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) recognizes nine levels of education in its International
Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) system (from Level 0 (pre-primary education) through Level
8 (doctoral)). UNESCO's International Bureau of Education maintains a database of country-specific
education systems and their stages.[1] Some countries divide levels of study into grades or forms for
school children in the same year.

Organization

Education during childhood and early adulthood is typically provided through either a two- or three-stage
system of childhood school, followed by additional stages of higher education or vocational education
for those who continue their formal education:

Early childhood education at preschool, nursery school, or kindergarten (outside the U.S. and Canada)

Primary education at primary school or elementary school, and sometimes in the early years of middle
school

Secondary education at secondary school or high school, and sometimes in the latter years of middle
school

Higher education or vocational education

The following table introduces the main concepts, although terms and ages may vary in different places:

Age Educational stage 2-stage system 3-stage system ISCED

3–4
Early childhood education Preschool Preschool 0
4–5

5–6

6–7

7–8 Elementary school 1

8–9 Primary education Primary school

9–10

10–11

11–12

12–13
Middle school 2
13–14

14–15
Secondary education Secondary school
15–16

16–17
High school 3
17–18
For additional ISCED stages of education, see ISCED.

Sudbury schools do not use formal grade levels or educational stages. Instead, students ages 3 through
18 are intermingled in a democratic educational system, relying on a series of certifications to use
equipment that may require specialized knowledge or safety procedures. These certifications are not
typically restricted by age, but rather by demonstrated ability.[2]

By country

Australia

In Australia, children undergo thirteen years of formal education (plus non-compulsory preschool or
kindergarten), usually starting at age 4, 5 or 6, and finishing at age 17, 18 or 19. The years are numbered
from "Kindergarten" to 12.

In New South Wales (NSW), Western Australia (WA), South Australia (SA), Victoria (VIC) and Queensland
(QLD), primary school is Kindergarten (NSW)/Pre-primary (WA)/Reception (SA)/Prep (VIC, QLD & TAS)
and Years 1–6, and secondary school, Years 7–12 (see table below).

Year Ages School

Kindergarten 3–5 Preschool

Kindergarten/Pre-primary/Reception/Prep 5–6 (sometimes 4–5)

Grade or Year 1 6–7 (sometimes 5–6)

Grade or Year 2 7–8 (sometimes 6–7)

Grade or Year 3 8–9 (sometimes 7–8) Primary

Grade or Year 4 9–10 (sometimes 8–9)

Grade or Year 5 10–11 (sometimes 9–10)

Grade or Year 6 11–12 (sometimes 10–11)

Grade or Year 7 12–13 (sometimes 11–12)

Grade or Year 8 13–14 (sometimes 12–13)

Grade or Year 9 14–15 (sometimes 13–14)

Secondary
Grade or Year 10 15–16 (sometimes 14–15)

Grade or Year 11 16–17 (sometimes 15–16)

Grade or Year 12 17–18 (sometimes 16–17)

In the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and Tasmania (TAS), primary school is Kindergarten/years 1–6,
high school is years 7–10, and college or Senior Secondary is years 11 & 12 & 13 (see table below).
 Year Ages School

Preschool 3–5 Preschool

Kindergarten 5–6

Grade or Year 1 6–7

Grade or Year 2 7–8

Grade or Year 3 8–9 Primary

Grade or Year 4 9–10

Grade or Year 5 10–11

Grade or Year 6 11–12

Grade or Year 7 12–13

Grade or Year 8 13–14

Secondary (High School)
Grade or Year 9 14–15

Grade or Year 10 15–16

Grade or Year 11 16–17

Senior Secondary (College)
Grade or Year 12 17–18

In the Northern Territory (NT),[3] primary school is Transition/years 1–6, middle school is years 7–9, and
high school or Senior Secondary is years 10–12 (see table below).

Year Ages School

Kindergarten 3–5 Preschool

Transition 5–6

Grade or Year 1 6–7

Grade or Year 2 7–8

Grade or Year 3 8–9 Primary

Grade or Year 4 9–10

Grade or Year 5 10–11

Grade or Year 6 11–12

Grade or Year 7 12–13

Grade or Year 8 13–14 Secondary (Middle School)

Grade or Year 9 14–15

Grade or Year 10 15–16

Grade or Year 11 16–17

Senior Secondary (High School)
Grade or Year 12 17–18

Grade of Year 13 18–19

Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan Grade Ages Correspondent in the U.S

P1 3–4 Preschool

P2 4–5 Pre-kindergarten
Azerbaijan Grade Ages Correspondent in the U.S

P3 5–6 Kindergarten

P4 6–7 First grade

P5 7–8 Second grade

P6 8–9 Third grade

P7 9–10 Fourth grade

P8 10–11 Fifth grade

Azerbaijan Grade Ages Correspondent in the U.S

M1 11–12 Sixth grade

M2 12–13 Seventh grade

M3 13–14 Eighth grade

Azerbaijan Grade Ages Correspondent in the U.S

M4 14–15 Ninth grade/Freshmen

M5 15–16 Tenth grade/Sophomore

DP1 16–17 Eleventh grade/Junior

DP2 17–18 Twelfth grade/Senior

Belarus

In Belarus, education is guaranteed for everyone. Primary school lasts for 4 years, but some psycho-
physically challenged children study for 5 years according to a special standard. Forms 1 to 9 are
considered compulsory. After completing general basic school a person can study in a special
establishment to get a job. To enter a higher educational establishment a person must complete general
secondary school (all 11 forms) and pass three centralized tests.[4]
 Year Ages School

Ясли
1–2
(nursery)
Early
Детский сад
3–5(6)
(kindergarten)

Form 1 6–7

Form 2 7–8
Primary
Form 3 8–9

Form 4 9–10

Form 5 10–11

Form 6 11–12
General basic
Form 7 12–13
(secondary)
Form 8 13–14

Form 9 14–15

Form 10 15–16 General secondary

Form 11 16–17 (high)

Brazil

In Brazil, there are three levels of basic education: "Educação Infantil" (preschool), "Ensino Fundamental"
(primary school) and "Ensino Médio" (high school), which are generally completed by age eighteen. Basic
education is designed to provide the necessary minimum knowledge for the exercise of citizenship. It
also serves to develop consciousness for choosing future professions. In Brazil, after the name of the
grade one may use the names "série" (series) or "ano" (year). The educational stages in Brazil are divided
as follows:

Escola Infantil (Brazil Grade) Ages Correspondent in the U.S

Berçário 0–1 Nursery 1

Pré-maternal/Creche 1–2 Nursery 2

Maternal/Creche 2–3 Nursery 3

1o período (Primeiro Período) 3–4 Kindergarten 1

2o período (Segundo Período) 4–5 Kindergarten 2

3o período (Terceiro Período) 5–6 Kindergarten 3

Ensino Fundamental (Brazil Grade) Ages Correspondent in the U.S

1o ano (Primeiro Ano) 6–7 first grade

2o ano (Segundo Ano) 7–8 second grade

3o ano (Terceiro Ano) 8–9 third grade

4o ano (Quarto Ano) 9–10 fourth grade

5o ano (Quinto Ano) 10–11 fifth grade

6o ano (Sexto Ano) 11–12 sixth grade

7o ano (Sétimo Ano) 12–13 seventh grade

8o ano (Oitavo Ano) 13–14 eighth grade

9o ano (Nono Ano) 14–15 ninth grade

Ensino Médio (Brazil Grade) Ages Correspondent in the U.S

1o ano (Primeiro Ano) 15–16 tenth grade

2o ano (Segundo Ano) 16–17 eleventh grade

3o ano (Terceiro Ano) 17–18 twelfth grade

Canada

In Canada, schooling officially begins at Kindergarten (or Maternelle in Quebec), followed by grades, with
some variations for certain levels in certain provinces/territories. When referred to as a grade, school
years are usually referred to by their cardinal number ("Grade Three").

At the post-secondary level in (Anglophone) Canada, a student is usually referred to by the year of study
they are in (i.e. First Year, Second Year, etc.). If they are pursuing something higher than an
undergraduate degree, the designation usually refers to what year of study they are in since entering
Graduate studies (i.e. First Year Graduate Student, etc.). Any student who has completed their first year
of undergraduate studies is considered to be an Upper Year Student.

Each province and territory has its own autonomous education system. As such, the name of each level
of education and what year each level begins at will vary across the country (as will the curriculum
itself).

Grade structure by province/territory

The following table shows how grades are organized in various provinces. Often, there will be exceptions
within each province, both with terminology for groups, and which grades apply to each group.
 Elementary Junior high Senior high
Alberta[5]
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

British Elementary Secondary

Columbia[6] Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Early years Middle years Senior years

Manitoba[7]
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Elementary Middle school High school

New Brunswick[8]
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Newfoundland Primary Elementary Junior high Senior high

[9]
and Labrador Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Level I Level II Level III

Northwest Primary Intermediate Junior secondary Senior secondary

[10]
Territories Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Elementary Junior high Senior high

Nova Scotia[11]
Primary 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Elementary Intermediate Secondary

[12]
Ontario Junior
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
kindergarten

Intermediate
Elementary Senior high
PEI[13] school

Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Primary school Secondary school College (CÉGEP)

Quebec
Garderie Maternelle 1 2 3 4 5 6 Sec I Sec II Sec III Sec IV Sec V first second third

Elementary level Middle level Secondary level

Saskatchewan[14]
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Elementary Secondary
Yukon[15]
Kindergarten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

China

In the People's Republic of China (excluding Hong Kong and Macau), the years are organized in three
stages and renumbered within each stage: 6 years in elementary school (小学) years 1 to 6, then 3 years
in middle school (初级中学, abbreviated 初中) years 7 to 9, then 3 years in high school (高级中学,
abbreviated 高中) years 10 to 12. The first nine years (elementary 1–6 and middle 1–3) are compulsory,
and the years in high school are voluntary. Completing higher secondary education or attaining an
equivalent level is required before one may receive higher education ( 高等教育) at universities.
 Year Ages Stage

1st grade 6–7

2nd grade 7–8

3rd grade 8–9

Elementary
4th grade 9–10

5th grade 10–11

6th grade 11–12

7th grade 12–13

8th grade 13–14 Middle school

9th grade 14–15

10th grade 15–16

11th grade 16–17 High school

12th grade 17–18

France

Education is compulsory from age 3 to age 16, and then compulsory training until the age of 18. This law
was passed during the Macron presidency and approved the law. At the end of the lycée cursus, is the
French Baccalaureat exam. It is possible in France to fail a year, and need to repeat (redoubler).

Age School Class Cycle

From age 3 TPS: Kindergarten

3–4 PS: Preschool class

Nursery school
4–5 MS: Second preschool class Cycle I : First learnings

5–6 GS: Pupil in Year 1

6–7 CP: Pupil in Year 2

7–8 CE1: Pupil in Year 3 Cycle II : Fundamental learnings

8–9 Grammar school CE2: Pupil in Year 4

9–10 CM1: Pupil in Year 5

10–11 CM2: Pupil in Year 6 Cycle III : Consolidation

11–12 Sixième (Pupil in Year 7)

12–13 Cinquième (Pupil in Year 8)

Junior High school
13–14 Quatrième (Pupil in Year 9) Cycle IV : Deepening

14–15 Troisième (Pupil in Year 10)

15–16 Seconde (Pupil in Year 11)

16–17 Comprehensive school Première (Pupil in Year 12) (Cycle V : Senior years)

17–18 Terminale (Pupil in Year 13)

Greece

Education is compulsory from age 4 to age 15. Education is provided in public and private schools,
except Higher Education which is provided only by public universities.

Greece framework

Grade Age Greek designation Educational stage

Pre-kindergarten 4–5 Pre-kindergarten

Preschool
Kindergarten 5–6 Kindergarten

First grade 6–7 1st grade

Second grade 7–8 2nd grade

Third grade 8–9 3rd grade

Primary School
Fourth grade 9–10 4th grade

Fifth grade 10–11 5th grade

Sixth grade 11–12 6th grade

Seventh grade 12–13 1st grade

Gymnasium
Eighth grade 13–14 2nd grade (Lower secondary school)

Ninth grade 14–15 3rd grade (US equivalent: Middle school)

Tenth grade 15–16 1st grade

Lyceum
Eleventh grade 16–17 2nd grade (Upper secondary school)
(US equivalent: High school)
Twelfth grade 17–18 3rd grade

Hong Kong

The Hong Kong system was based on the United Kingdom system, with zero to three optional years at
小學) and six years of secondary school (中學), followed by
kindergarten, six years of primary school (
four years at university. Primary 1–6 (小一 – 小六) corresponds to Years 1–6 in the UK, and Forms 1 – 6
(中一 – 中六) correspond to Years 7–12. Usually students begin Primary 1 at age 5 or 6 and complete
Form 6 at age 17 or 18.

In Hong Kong, international schools follow the system of the country they are based upon, for example
the English Schools Foundation uses the UK year system, and the French International School of Hong
Kong uses the French école, collège, lycée system. Also, the English term form followed by the English
number is common usage even in otherwise Cantonese conversations.
 Year Ages Stage

Primary 1 6–7

Primary 2 7–8

Primary 3 8–9
Primary
Primary 4 9–10

Primary 5 10–11

Primary 6 11–12

Secondary 1 12–13

Secondary 2 13–14

Secondary 3 14–15
Secondary
Secondary 4 15–16

Secondary 5 16–17

Secondary 6 17–18

Iceland

India

The central and main state boards uniformly follow the "10+2+3" pattern of education. In this pattern,
study of 10 years is done in schools and 2 years in Junior colleges, and then 3 years of graduation for a
bachelor's degree. The first 10 years is further subdivided into 4 years of primary education, 6 years of
High School followed by 2 years of Junior colleges. This pattern originated from the recommendation of
the Education Commission of 1964–66.

Pre-Primary education

Play group (pre-nursery): At play schools, children are exposed to a lot of basic learning activities that
help them to get independent faster and develop their self-help qualities like eating food themselves,
dressing up, and maintaining cleanliness. The age limit for admission into pre-nursery is 2 to 3 years

Nursery: Nursery level activities help children unfold their talents, thus enabling them to sharpen their
mental and physical abilities. The age limit for admission in nursery is 3 to 4 years.

LKG: It is also called the Junior Kindergarten (Jr. kg) stage. The age limit for admission in LKG is 4 to 5
years.

UKG: It is also called the Senior Kindergarten (Sr. kg) stage. The age limit for admission in UKG is 5 to
6 years.

Primary education

The Indian government lays emphasis on primary education, also referred to as elementary education, to
children aged 6 to 14 years old. Because education laws are given by the states, duration of primary
school visit alters between the Indian states. The Indian government has also banned child labour in
order to ensure that the children do not enter unsafe working conditions. However, both free education
and the ban on child labour are difficult to enforce due to economic disparity and social conditions. 80%
of all recognised schools at the elementary stage are government run or supported, making it the largest
provider of education in the country.

Secondary education

Secondary education covers children aged 12 to 18, a group comprising 8.85 crore children according to
the 2001 Census of India. The final two years of secondary is often called Higher Secondary (HS), Senior
Secondary, or simply the "+2" stage. The two halves of secondary education are each an important stage
for which a pass certificate is needed, and thus are affiliated by central boards of education under HRD
ministry, before one can pursue higher education, including college or professional courses.

UGC, NCERT, CBSE and CISCE directives state qualifying ages for candidates who wish to take board
exams. Those at least 15 years old by 30 May for a given academic year are eligible to appear for
Secondary board exams, and those 17 by the same date are eligible to appear for Higher Secondary
certificate board exams. It further states that upon successful completion of Higher Secondary, one can
apply to higher education under UGC control such as Engineering, Medical, and Business Administration.

New education policy 2020

India in 29 July approved a new education policy in order to replace the previous education system to an
advanced education system. The new policy aims for universalisation of education from pre-school to
secondary level with 100 per cent Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in school education by 2030 and aims to
raise GER in higher education to 50 per cent by 2025.

Key points:
The policy also proposes phasing out of all institutions offering single streams and that all universities
and colleges must aim to become multidisciplinary by 2040.

Grade division and structure

Introducing 3 years of pre-schooling, the National Education Policy 2020 has taken a similar approach
like Cambridge and IB, which also offer dedicated Primary Year Programs.

Dismantling the age-old 10+2 concept, the policy pitches for a "5+3+3+4" design corresponding to the
age groups 3–8 years (foundational stage), 8–11 (preparatory), 11–14 (middle), and 14–18 (secondary).
This brings early childhood education (also known as pre-school education for children of ages 3 to 5)
under the umbrella of formal schooling.

School curriculum and pedagogy

According to the National Education Policy 2020, the school curriculum and pedagogy will aim for the
holistic development of learners by equipping them with the key 21st-century skills. Additionally, it also
aims for reduction in the syllabus to enhance essential learning and critical thinking.

Languages

The policy advocates for mother-tongue/local language/regional language as the medium of instruction
at least till grade 5, but preferably till Grade 8 and beyond.
Sanskrit will now be offered at all levels of school and higher education as an option for students
including the 3-language formula. Other classical languages and literature of India also to be available as
options. In non-Hindi states of India, students will be served as a Hindi alternative, students will have to
choose between Hindi and Sanskrit. Tamil, Telugu, Bengali, Punjabi, etc. languages will also be
emphasized under NEP2020.

Foreign languages will also be offered to students. Languages like Japanese, Korean, Russian, etc. will
be introduced to them in their secondary school. They can opt for any language they want to learn. The
step has been taken to embrace global culture and emphasize a multilingualism approach.

Others

The NEP proposes sweeping changes including opening up of Indian higher education to foreign
universities, dismantling of the UGC and the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE),
introduction of a four-year multidisciplinary undergraduate programme with multiple exit options, and
discontinuation of the M Phil programme.

In school education, the policy focuses on overhauling the curriculum, "easier" Board exams, a reduction
in the syllabus to retain "core essentials" and thrust on "experiential learning and critical thinking".

The policy also proposes phasing out of all institutions offering single streams and that all universities
and colleges must aim to become multidisciplinary by 2040.

Indonesia

In Indonesia, children spend 12 years of formal education, but some children attend nursery playgroup
(called Kelompok Belajar in 2 years) and attend kindergarten (Called Taman Kanak-Kanak in 2 years).
 Age Stage School Year

2–3 Kelompok Belajar (KB) KB-A/KBJ

3–4 (Nursery Playgroup) KB-B/KBS

Pre-school
4–5 Taman Kanak-kanak (TK) TK-A

5–6 (Kindergarten) TK-B

6–7 Kelas 1

7–8 Kelas 2
Sekolah Dasar (SD)
8–9 Kelas 3
Primary School
9–10 (Elementary School) Kelas 4

10–11 Kelas 5

11–12 Kelas 6

12–13 Kelas 7
Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP)
13–14 Kelas 8
(Junior High School)
14–15 Kelas 9
Secondary School
15–16 Kelas 10
Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA)
16–17 Kelas 11
(Senior High School)
17–18 Kelas 12

Iran

The Iranian system has experienced several changes in the last seven to eight decades. Prior to 1940–
1950, the education system had consisted of three levels, called in order: an optional year in
kindergarten, six years of primary school, finally followed by six years of secondary school ending up
with a diploma. After some improvements during Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, the system was
changed to four consecutive periods: two optional years in kindergarten and pre-primary school, primary
school consisting of 5 years, 3 years in middle school, and finally four years in high school. The system
ended up by honoring a diploma in certain majors, e.g. math and physics.

Around 1996–1997, one year was reduced from the entire education system and one was honored with a
diploma after three years in high school. However, if one would have liked to continue her/his education
towards university degrees, one would have been required to take the last year, so called pre-university
year. This year had been a requirement to participate in the Iranian University Entrance Exam for high
school students. Again, around 2012, the system turned back to its previous system, consisting of two 6-
year periods.

There are two formal stages of education in Iran: primary school (‫دبستان‬, Dabestãn) and high school
(‫دبیرستان‬, Dabirestãn). The high school itself is broken into 2 parts: A and B. Preschool educations are
informal, therefore Grade 1 is the first year. In Grade 1 (1 ‫پایه‌ی‬, Paye 1) also known as the 1st class (‫کالس‬
‫اّو ل‬, Klãs Avval), children learn the basics of reading and writing.
 Stage School Age

Preschool Kindergarten 3–6

Grade 1 7

Grade 2 7–8

Grade 3 8–9
Primary school
Grade 4 9–10

Grade 5 10–11

Grade 6 11–12

Grade 7 12–13

High school first term Grade 8 13–14

Grade 9 14–15

Grade 10 15–16

High school second term Grade 11 16–17

Grade 12 17–18

Ireland

In the Republic of Ireland, there are two levels of compulsory education; primary school (ca.4–12 years
of age) and secondary school (ca.12–18 years). The names of each class are as follows:

Junior Infants (4–5 years)

Senior Infants (5–6 years)

First Class (6–7 years)

Second Class (7–8 years)

Third Class (8–9 years)

Fourth Class (9–10 years)

Fifth Class (10–11 years)

Sixth Class (11–12 years)

After Sixth Class, students move to secondary school, entering;

First Year (12–13 years)

Second Year (13–14 years)

Third Year (14–15 years) – Junior Certificate

Fourth Year [or Transition Year] (15–16 years)

Fifth Year (15–17 years)

Sixth Year [or Final Year] (16–18 years) – Leaving Certificate

In some schools, Transition Year is compulsory, in others it is optional.

Italy

In Italy, education is compulsory from the age of 6 to the age of 16. On parents' demand, children can
start the Scuola primaria (see below) one year earlier.

Educazione Infantile:

Asilo nido: 3 months – 3 years

Scuola d'infanzia: 3 years – 5 years

Scuola primaria (informally: Scuola Elementare):

I elementare: 6–7

II elementare: 7–8

III elementare: 8–9

IV elementare: 9–10

V elementare: 10–11

Scuola secondaria di primo grado (informally: Scuola Media):

I media – 11–12

II media – 12–13

III media – 13–14

Scuola secondaria di secondo grado (informally: Scuola Superiore):

biennio
I superiore – 14–15

II superiore – 15–16

triennio
III superiore – 16–17

IV superiore – 17–18

V superiore – 18–19

Japan

In Japan, the years are organized in three stages and renumbered within each stage: 6 years in
elementary school ( 小学校, shōgakkō) years 1 to 6, then 3 years in lower secondary (中学校, chūgakkō)
years 1 to 3, then 3 years in higher secondary (高等学校, kōtōgakkō, abbreviated 高校, kōkō) years 1 to 3.
The first nine years (elementary 1–6 and lower secondary 1–3) are compulsory, and the years in higher
secondary school are voluntary. Completing higher secondary education or attaining an equivalent level
is required before one may receive higher education at universities ( 大学, daigaku).
 Year Ages Stage

Year 1 6–7

Year 2 7–8

Year 3 8–9
Elementary
Year 4 9–10

Year 5 10–11

Year 6 11–12

Year 1 12–13

Year 2 13–14 Lower secondary

Year 3 14–15

Year 1 15–16

Year 2 16–17 Higher secondary

Year 3 17–18

Macau

Typical
Grade/Level Curriculum Stages Schools
age

3-4 Infant Education Kindergarten

4-5 N/A 幼兒教育 幼稚園
Pré-escolar Jardim de infância
5-6

6—7 Primary 1

7—8 Primary 2
Primary Education Primary School
8—9 Primary 3
小學教育 小學
9—10 Primary 4
Ensino primário Escola primária
10—11 Primary 5

11—12 Primary 6

12—13 Form 1 Junior Secondary Education Junior Secondary School

13—14 Form 2 初中教育 初中
14—15 Form 3 Ensino secundário-geral Escola secundária geral

15—16 Form 4 Senior Secondary Vocational and Technical

Senior Secondary School Vocational School
Education Education
16—17 Form 5 高中教育 職業技術教育 高中 職業技術學校
Escola secundária Escola técnico-
Ensino secundário- Ensino técnico-
17—18 Form 6 complementar profissional
complementar profissional

Malaysia

Compulsory education in Malaysia spans a period of 11 years and comprises both primary and
secondary education. Kindergarten is optional.
Malaysian primary school consists of six years of education, referred to as Year 1 to Year 6 (formerly
Standard 1 to Standard 6). Year 1–3 are classified as Level One (Tahap Satu in Malay) while Year 4–6
make up Level Two (Tahap Dua). Primary schooling usually begins at the age of 7 and ends at 12.
Students take their first national examination, the UPSR, towards the end of the Year 6 school year.
Performance in the UPSR has no effect on their resuming schooling; all students continue with their
secondary education after leaving primary school.

Secondary schooling usually begins at age 13. Secondary schools offer education for a total of five
years, starting with Form 1 and finishing at Form 5. Forms 1–3 are grouped together into the "Lower
Form" and Forms 4 and 5 are considered the "Upper Form". Students in Form 3 will have to sit for their
second national exam, the PT3. They are then streamed into sciences or humanities classes for the
Upper Form according to their performance in this exam. At age 17 students in Form 5 sit for the final
level of national examinations, the SPM (Malaysian Certificate of Education). Achieving a passing grade
in the Bahasa Melayu (Malay Language) portion of the exams is compulsory; failure results in an
automatic failing grade for all subjects taken in the examination and the student is held back to repeat
Form 5. Completion of the examination signifies that the student has completed formal education in
Malaysia; an SPM certificate remains the base requirement to secure most jobs in Malaysia.

After the SPM, students have a choice of either continuing with Form 6 (which comprises 2 years, Lower
and Upper Six) or entering matriculation (pre-university programs). If they opt for Form 6, they will be
required to take the STPM examination. Although generally taken by those desiring to attend public
universities in Malaysia, an STPM certification is internationally recognized and may also be used,
though rarely required, to enter private local universities for undergraduate courses.

Educational stages in Malaysia

Year Ages School

Kindergarten (optional) 4–6 Preschool

Tahun 1 (Year 1) 6–7

Tahun 2 (Year 2) 7–8 Tahap Satu (Level One or Lower Primary)

Tahun 3 (Year 3) 8–9

Tahun 4 (Year 4) 9–10

Tahun 5 (Year 5) 10–11 Tahap Dua (Level Two or Higher Primary)

Tahun 6 (Year 6) 11–12

Tingkatan 1 (Form 1) 12–13

Tingkatan 2 (Form 2) 13–14 Menengah Rendah (Lower Secondary)

Tingkatan 3 (Form 3) 14–15

Tingkatan 4 (Form 4) 15–16

Menengah Atas (Upper Secondary)
Tingkatan 5 (Form 5) 16–17

Tingkatan 6 (Form 6) (optional) 17–18 Pre-university programme

Mexico

In Mexico, grades 1 through 12 can be divided into two stages: Educación Básica, and Educación Media
Superior.[16] Educación Básica covers pre-primary education to the equivalent of ninth grade.[17]
Educación Media Superior covers tenth through twelfth grade, and students' levels are identified by their
current semester, not by their grade.[18]

Year Ages School

3 – 5/6 Preescolar / Kinder

Primer grado (1o) 6/7

Segundo grado (2o) 7/8

Tercer grado (3o) 8/9

Primaria
Cuarto grado (4o) 9/10
Educación Básica
Quinto grado (5o) 10/11
o
Sexto grado (6 ) 11/12

Primero de secundaria 12/13

Segundo de secundaria 13/14 Secundaria

Tercero de secundaria 14/15

Primer semestre, and Segundo semestre 15/16

Educación Media Superior Tercer semestre, and Cuarto semestre 16/17 Bachillerato / Preparatoria

Quinto semestre, and Sexto semestre 17/18

Nepal

In Nepal, the stages of education are primary education, secondary education, and higher secondary.
Pre-primary education is also found in some areas. Generally, the pre-primary level covers nursery and
kindergarten. Primary education consists of grades one through five, while lower secondary education
covers grades six through eight and secondary education covers grades nine through ten. Higher
secondary covers grades eleven and twelve. Students get Secondary Education Examination certificate
in grade ten. According to the new Education Act, the national grade 12 Examination will result in the
School Leaving Certificate (SLC).
 Year Ages School

Nursery 3–4
Preschool
Kindergarten 4–5

Year 1 5–6

Year 2 6–7

Year 3 7–8 Primary

Year 4 8–9

Year 5 9–10

Year 6 10–11

Year 7 11–12 Lower secondary

Year 8 12–13

Year 9 13–14
Junior higher secondary
Year 10 14–16

Year 11 15–17
Senior higher secondary
Year 12 16–18

New Zealand

In New Zealand children are required by law to attend 10 years of educational instruction, from the age
of 6 to 16. The law also provides in the same legislation that all people are allowed to attend free
education to the age of 18, this legislation is the Education Act 1989. Children can be enrolled at primary
school when they turn five years old, and must be enrolled by the time they turn six years old. From years
1–6 students attend primary school. In years 7 and 8 students attend intermediate, or a joint school
(years 1–8 or years 7–13). The final years of free education are spent in secondary school (years 9–13).
New Zealand also has two older educational stage-numbering systems; standards 5 and 6 were largely
unused with the introduction of intermediate schools in the 1950s, while "primmer" numbering was in
use well into the 1970s, and some academically focused secondary schools still use "form" numbering.
 Year
Ages Old systems School
level

5 (if born after

0
March)

Junior Primmers 1, 2
1 5–6
1 &3

Junior Primmers 3 &

2 6–7
2 4 Primary school

3 7–8 Standard 1

4 8–9 Standard 2

5 9–10 Standard 3

6 10–11 Standard 4

7 11–12 Form 1 Standard 5 Intermediate school (some primary schools and secondary schools
8 12–13 Form 2 Standard 6 also offer these year levels)

9 13–14 Form 3

10 14–15 Form 4

11 15–16 Form 5 Secondary school

12 16–17 Form 6

13 17–18 Form 7

Norway

In Norway children start school at the age of six; before that kindergarten is voluntary. This school is
called barneskole (childrenschool):

6–7: First grade

7–8: Second grade

8–9: Third grade

9–10: Fourth grade

10–11: Fifth grade

11–12: Sixth grade

12–13: Seventh grade

The second school is ungdomsskole (youth-school). At this level the students are rated with grades in
each subject, in addition to behavior and orderliness:

13–14: Eighth grade

14–15: Ninth grade

15–16: Tenth grade

The last school before higher education is called videregående skole (ongoing school) and is voluntary,
though most choose to attend. At this level students decide among separate career-related schools. The
most popular such school is designed to prepare one for further education, while others prepare
students for such as mechanics, electricians, cooks and so on. Educational stages in these schools
begin again at "one" and are named Vg1, Vg2, Vg3 and Vg4. Some of the more practical schools last only
two years, and some students may choose to attend an extra year to study higher education. The typical
duration is three years, though some schools offer a four-year program to enable students to engage in
more athletics or gather real work experience.

16–17: Vg1

17–18: Vg2

18–19: Vg3

19–20: Vg4

Philippines

From 1945 until 2017, there were ten years of compulsory education under the K–10 system until it
phased out entirely on June 5, 2017. Grades 11 and 12 were added on June 13, 2016, as a result of the
K–12 implementation four years earlier on June 4, 2012. School years start in the first or second week of
June, and end in the last week of March or first week of April. There are three stages of education in the
Philippines – elementary school, junior high school, and senior high school.

Philippine educational system used since June 4, 2012

Grade Age School Stage

Kindergarten 5–6 or 4–5 Preschool

Grade 1 6–7 or 5–6

Grade 2 7–8 or 6–7

Grade 3 8–9 or 7–8 Elementary school

Primary school
Grade 4 9–10 or 8–9

Grade 5 10–11 or 9–10

Grade 6 11–12 or 10–11

Grade 7 (freshman) 12–13 or 11–12

Grade 8 (sophomore) 13–14 or 12–13

Junior high school
Grade 9 (junior) 14–15 or 13–14
Secondary school
Grade 10 (senior) 15–16 or 14–15

Grade 11 (super senior) 16–17 or 15–16

Senior high school
Grade 12 (super senior) 17–18 or 16–17

Poland

From 1998 to 2019, the Polish education system was divided into six years of primary education,
followed by three years of secondary education and three or four years of optional high school
education. Attending general education high school or vocational school allows graduates to attend
university while attending a basic vocational school (zasadnicza szkoła zawodowa) requires its
graduates to attend supplementary liceums if they wish to proceed with university education. Since
2019, the three stages were merged into two, returning to the country's pre-reform system. Kindergarten
education is optional, while compulsory education starts with year 0. The school year lasts from early
September to late June, with the exception of the final year of high school, which ends in late April,
followed by matura exams throughout May.
The "Age" column represents the age at which children start a school year.

School School
Grade Age
(pre-reform; again since 2019) (1998-2019; gimnazjum reform)

Kindergarten 3–5
Preschool Preschool
Grade 0 (zerówka) 5–6

Grade 1 6–7

Grade 2 7–8

Grade 3 8–9
Primary school
Grade 4 9–10
Primary school
Grade 5 10–11

Grade 6 11–12

Grade 7 12–13

Grade 8 13–14 Gimnazjum

Grade 9 14–15

Grade 10 15–16

Grade 11 16–17 High school

High school
Grade 12 17–18

Grade 13 (only in vocational schools) 18–19

Russia

In Russia, compulsory education lasts eight or nine years and begins the year the child turns seven (8
years) or, sometimes, six (9 years). The first stage of elementary school can last either 3 years (so called
1–3 programme for children starting at the age of 7) or 4 years (so called 1–4 programme for children
starting at the age of 6). After of the first stage all pupils enter 5th grade, thus pupils that started at the
age of 7 do not attend the 4th grade.
Educational stages in Russia

Year Ages School

Yasli 1–2
Early
Kindergarten 3–6 (5–7)

First Grade 7–8 (6–7)

Second Grade 8–9 (7–8) Elementary

Third Grade 9–10 (8–9)

Fourth grade 9–10 (only for the pupils studying by 1–4 programme)

Fifth Grade 10–11

Sixth Grade 11–12

Seventh Grade 12–13 Middle

Eighth Grade 13–14

Ninth Grade 14–15

Tenth Grade 15–16

High
Eleventh Grade 16–17

While it is not compulsory to remain in school after graduating from middle school, a student cannot
progress to tertiary school without graduating from high school or vocational school.

Serbia

In Serbia, children undergo thirteen years of formal education, usually starting at age 4, 5 or 6, and
finishing at age 18 or 19. By the law children need to enter Primary school at the year they will turn 7
years of age, with some wiggle room if the child is born too close to a new year. The first four years of
primary school, children have their own classroom and one teacher that teaches them all the subjects,
from grade 5 of primary school to the end of high school lessons are held by number of teachers
specialised for specific subjects and children change their classrooms every class. Children start their
school year on September 1, and end the year at the end of June/beginning of July. The exception is the
grade 8 of primary school and the grade 4 of high school when the classes end a couple of months
earlier so the children can study for their entry exams for high school/college. Depending on which high
school a child chooses, they can get more focused education and a professional degree. High school is
not compulsory education but is needed to get some professional degrees in order to be able to find a
job (for example: Nurse, Locksmith, Computer network administrator, Textile design technician, etc.)
 Year Ages School

Nursery 1–3 Preschool

Kindergarten 3–5 Preschool

Prep/Kindergarten/Pre-primary 5–6 Preschool

Grade or Year 1 6–7

Grade or Year 2 7–8

Grade or Year 3 8–9

Grade or Year 4 9–10

Primary school
Grade or Year 5 10–11

Grade or Year 6 11–12

Grade or Year 7 12–13

Grade or Year 8 13–14

Grade or Year 1 14–15

Grade or Year 2 15–16

Secondary – High school
Grade or Year 3 16–17

Grade or Year 4 17–18

Singapore

In Singapore, compulsory education lasts ten years and begins the year the child turns seven. However,
most children receive a preschool education spanning two to three years before entering primary school
after which they will move on to a secondary school, where Sec 5 is only made compulsory for students
who have achieved a determined score for their PSLE. For Secondary School, there are three streamings:
Express (Exp), Normal Academic (NA), and Normal Technical (NT), among which Exp and NT students
study for four years while NA students need to study for five years. The Exp stream leads to a Singapore-
Cambridge GCE Ordinary Level while the NA and NT stream leads to a Singapore-Cambridge GCE Normal
Level. Some schools also offer the Integrated Programme which combines secondary school and junior
college to directly offer the Singapore-Cambridge GCE Advanced Level. Depending on which stream one
is in, and whether the school's scoring requirement is met, a student may be retained/transferred to
NA/NT.
Educational stages in Singapore

Year Ages School

Nursery (N1/2) 3–4

Nursery Kindergarten
Kindergarten (K1/2) 5–6

Primary One 6–7

Primary Two 7–8

Primary Three 8–9

Primary Four 9–10

Primary
10–
Primary Five
11

11–
Primary Six
12

Secondary One [Express/Normal Academic (NA)/Normal 12–

Technical(NT)] 13

Secondary Two [Express/Normal Academic (NA)/Normal 13–

Technical(NT)] 14

Secondary Three [Express/Normal Academic (NA)/Normal 14–

Secondary
Technical(NT)] 15

Secondary Four [Express/Normal Academic (NA)/Normal 15–

Technical(NT)] 16

16–
Secondary Five [Normal Academic (NA)/Normal Technical(NT)]
17

Junior College One or Pre-University One 16-17

17–
Junior College Two or Pre-University Two Junior College (JC) or Centralised Institute
18
(CI)
18–
Pre-University Three [CI only]
19

While it is not compulsory to remain in school after graduating from secondary school, most go on to
receive their tertiary education at a Junior College, a polytechnic, or an institute of technical education
(ITE) before moving on to university. Most junior colleges offer the Singapore-Cambridge GCE Advanced
Level while some offer the International Baccalaureate after 2 years of study.

Spain

In Spain, education is divided into several stages: Kindergarten, primary education and secondary
education. Kindergartens are schools for children 0–3 years old, and are normally private institutions,
although some of them receive public funding as well ("Concertados"). Primary education is delivered
almost exclusively through primary schools which offer education for pupils aged between 3 and 12.
Children are entitled to preschool education from their third birthday, although it is not compulsory (but it
is recommended) and must enter compulsory education from the September after their 5th birthday.
There is some leeway in the starting date for pupils.
Education lasts 6 years in the compulsory section of primary school, before pupils move to a secondary
school for between 4 and 6 years, the last two being optional. There is some variation in the phasing of
education because private institutions may provide education from kindergarten or primary school until
the end of secondary school, and private institutions with public funding normally teach from
kindergarten until the 4th year in the secondary school level.

Numbering of years in Spanish state schools

Year Optionality Ages School

Nursery/Kindergarten Optional 0–3

Primero de infantil (Preschool 1) Optional 2–3, or 3–4

Segundo de infantil (Preschool 2) Optional 3–4, or 4–5

Tercero de infantil (Preschool 3) Optional 4–5, or 5–6

Primary One Compulsory 5–6, or 6–7

Primary Two Compulsory 6–7, or 7–8 Primary

Primary Three Compulsory 7–8, or 8–9

Primary Four Compulsory 8–9, or 9–10

Primary Five Compulsory 9–10, or 10–11

Primary Six Compulsory 10–11, or 11–12

First year (or 1 ESO) Compulsory 11–12, or 12–13

Second Year (or 2 ESO) Compulsory 12–13, or 13–14

Third Year (or 3 ESO) Compulsory 13–14, or 14–15

Secondary
Fourth Year (or 4 ESO) Compulsory 14–15, or 15–16

1 Bachillerato Optional 15–16, or 16–17

2 Bachillerato Optional 16–17, or 17–18

Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka enforces compulsory education and it is mandatory for a child to at least complete one year of
pre-school by the time the child reaches the completion of age 4. By the time they have reached the age
of 5 years, enrollment to Grade 1 is made a legal obligation with continuation through at least age 14.

Primary school to higher education are primarily funded and overseen by two governmental ministries
and the main Department.[19]

Ministry of Education
Department of Examinations

Ministry of Higher Education

Educational stages in Sri Lanka

Year Ages School

Kindergarten 3–5 Pre-School

Grade One 5–6

Grade Two 6–7

Grade Three 7–8 Primary

Grade Four 8–9

Grade Five – Optional Scholarship Examination 9–10

Grade Six 10–11

Grade Seven 11–12

Grade Eight 12–13

Secondary
Grade Nine 13–14

Grade Ten 14–15

Grade Eleven – G.C.E Ordinary Level Examination 15–16

Grade Twelve 16–17

Collegiate
Grade Thirteen – G.C.E Advance Level Examination 17–18

Tertiary education

Undergraduate education in state universities is free but extremely competitive, limited, and
standardized. Selection of students is done on the basis of rank order on average Z Scores obtained by
candidates at the Advanced Level under a transparent national policy to replicate a district basis
representation. Only the top students from each district receive admission.

Sweden

In Sweden children start school at the age of six with preschool class; before that preschool is voluntary.

6–7: Preschool class (Förskoleklass)

First set of grades are called "lågstadiet" (low grades).

7–8: "ettan" (First Grade)

8–9: "tvåan" (Second Grade)

9–10: "trean" (Third grade)

Second set of grades are called "mellanstadiet" (middle grades).

10–11: "fyran" (Fourth grade)

11–12: "femman" (Fifth grade)

12–13: "sexan" (Sixth grade)

Third set of grades are called "högstadiet" (high grades).

13–14: "sjuan" (Seventh grade)

 14–15: "åttan" (Eighth grade)

15–16: "nian" (Ninth grade)

The last school before higher education is called "gymnasiet" (ongoing school) and is voluntary, though
most choose to attend. At this level students decide among separate career-related programmes.

16–17: "första ring" (First Level)

17–18: "andra ring" (Second Level)

18–19: "tredje ring" (Third Level)

Taiwan

Level Grade Age Notes

Preschool education
Kindergarten none 3–6 Regulated by the Early Childhood Education and Care Act (https://law.moj.gov.tw/E
NG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=H0070031)

1st 6–7

2nd 7–8

3rd 8–9
Elementary 4th 9–10
school
10–
5th
11
National education, compulsory education
11– Regulated by the Primary and Junior High School Act (https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/
6th
12 LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=H0070001)
12–
7th
13

Junior high 13–

8th
school 14

14–
9th
15

Senior High 1st 15–

(10th) 16
National education since 2019
Senior high Senior High 2nd 16–
Regulated by the Senior High School Education Act (https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/L
school (11th) 17
awClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=H0060043)
Senior High 3rd 17–
(12th) 18
Turkey

Year Ages Stage

Kindergarten 5–6 Before School / Kindergarten

Year 1 6–7

Year 2 7–8
Elementary
Year 3 8–9

Year 4 9–10

Year 5 10–11

Year 6 11–12
Secondary
Year 7 12–13

Year 8 13–14

Year 9 14–15

Year 10 15–16
High school
Year 11 16–17

Year 12 17–18

United Kingdom

England, Wales and Northern Ireland

In England, Wales and Northern Ireland education is divided into two stages: primary education and
secondary education. Required assessment within the National Curriculum takes place in years 2 and 6
(National Curriculum assessments) and Year 11 (GCSEs). School education is generally followed by two
years of further education – often in a 6th form or 6th form college and then three or four years at
university by those who decide to stay in education.

In England, children begin school either in the school year or school term in which they reach their fifth
birthday. In Wales, children begin school on a part-time basis the September after they reach their third
birthday. Primary schools educate children from Reception through to Year 6, and may be subdivided
into infant and junior schools. Alternatively, children may attend private prep schools.

Secondary education is compulsory to the age of 16. However, in England you will be required to return
to full-time education, take on an apprenticeship or internship or work or volunteer at least 20 hours a
week while part-time studying until the age of 18. Schools have various possible names, such as
grammar, comprehensive and secondary schools, which may or may not indicate selective admission or
tuition fees (see main article). Sixth form education is not compulsory at present, and not all secondary
schools have a sixth form. There are also 6th form colleges just for Year 12 and 13 students.

Some secondary schools still use the 'form' system, with Year 7 being 1st Form (or '1st year'), Year 8
being Second Form, et cetera, up until Year 12 and Year 13, which together make up the 6th Form
(namely lower and upper sixth form). Some independent schools use other naming systems.
In some areas in England, a three-tier system of education is used, in which students pass through three
stages: First school/Lower school (Reception to Year 3/4), Middle school (Year 4/5 to Year 7/8) and
finally High or Upper School (Year 8/9–Year 13)

Fee-paying
Key [20]
Year Final exam Age State funded schools Selective schools independent
stage
schools

Nursery (or
3 to 4
Early pre-school)
years Reception (or
4 to 5 Infant
Foundation) None, though Pre-preparatory
individual schools Lower
Year 1 5 to 6
KS1 Various 'gifted and
may set end of
Year 2 6 to 7 talented'
year tests.
Year 3 7 to 8 programmes within
Primary
state and
Year 4 8 to 9
independent
Year 5 9 to 10 schools.[21]
KS2 SATs Junior
A grammar
Preparatory or
Year 6 school entrance 10 to 11
Middle Junior
exam, often the
11-plus

Year 7 None, though 11 to 12

Year 8 individual schools 12 to 13 Lower

KS3
may set end of school
Year 9 year tests, or 13 to 14 Secondary
mock GCSE
Year 10 14 to 15 Upper
exams. Upper
KS4
school Senior Grammar school
Year 11 GCSE 15 to 16 Senior
(public/private
Advanced
school)
subsidiary level or
Year 12 16 to 17
KS5 school-set end of College Sixth form
year tests.

Year 13 A-Levels 17 to 18

Scotland

In Scotland, education is divided into two stages: primary education and secondary education. Primary
education is delivered almost exclusively through primary schools which offer education for pupils aged
between 4 and 12. Children are entitled to pre-school education from their third birthday, and must enter
compulsory education from the August after their 5th birthday. There is some leeway in the starting date
for pupils.[22]

Education lasts 7 years in the primary school, before pupils move to a secondary school for between 4
and 6 years, the last two being optional. There is some variation in the phasing of education in more
remote areas of Scotland, where provision may be made in a through school, or in other combinations of
institutes.

Numbering of years in Scottish state schools

Year Ages School

Nursery 3–4 or 3–5

Primary One 4–5 or 5–6

Primary Two 5–6 or 6–7

Primary Three 6–7 or 7–8

Primary Four 7–8 or 8–9 Primary

Primary Five 8–9 or 9–10

Primary Six 9–10 or 10–11

Primary Seven 10–11 or 11–12

First year (or S1) 11–12 or 12–13

Second Year (or S2) 12–13 or 13–14

Third Year (or S3) 13–14 or 14–15

Secondary
Fourth Year (or S4) 14–15 or 15–16

Fifth Year (or S5) 15–16 or 16–17

Sixth Year (or S6) 16–17 or 17–18

United States

In the United States (U.S.), grades traditionally begin at 1 and run to 12; they are referred to by ordinal
number (e.g., first grade or 1st grade). An additional preceding level called kindergarten ("K") is now
standard in most areas, and a further preceding level called preschool education or nursery school is not
uncommon. In some parts of the state of Wisconsin, kindergarten is split further into junior and senior
kindergarten.

Before the term "middle school" became much more common, 7th and 8th grades were placed in "junior
high school". In certain junior high schools, either 6th grade or 9th grade was also included (but not both
in the same school).

At the secondary school level ("high school"), the 9th through 12th grades are also known respectively as
freshman (or "first-year"), sophomore, junior, and senior. At the postsecondary or "undergraduate" level
(college or university), the same four terms are reused to describe a student's college years, but
numbered grades are not used at the college level. American graduate and postgraduate education does
not use grades.

The adjacent Table US outlines the ages, in years, of each grade level in the US. However, students are
sometimes older because of grade retention or younger because of grade skipping.

Elementary school students at a specific grade level are traditionally assigned to a single class that
usually stays together in the same classroom with the same teacher throughout each school day for the
entire school year (although the teacher may temporarily hand off the Table US: Ages in grades

class to specialists for certain subject matter units). Students in middle Ages Year
school and high school are allowed to build schedules from a mix of 1–3 Daycare
required and elective courses taught by different teachers in different
3–5 Preschool
classrooms, must rush from one course to the next during each school
Elementary School
day, and are more likely to encounter students from different grades in
5–6 Kindergarten
their courses (especially electives).
6–7 First grade
Comparison of American and British English 7–8 Second grade

8–9 Third grade

The naming of school years in British (except Scotland) and American English
9–10 Fourth grade
British English American English
Age
10–11 Fifth grade
Alternative/old Alternative
range Name Syllabus Name Middle school
name name
11–12 Sixth grade[23][24]
Preschool (optional)
12–13 Seventh grade
3–4 Foundation
Nursery Playgroup Daycare 13–14 Eighth grade
Stage 1
High school
Primary school
14–15 Ninth grade (freshman)
4–5 Foundation
Reception Infants reception Preschool Pre-K
Stage 2 15–16 Tenth grade (sophomore)

Elementary school 16–17 Eleventh grade (junior)

5–6 Year 1 Infants year 1 Kindergarten 17–18 Twelfth grade (senior)

Key Stage 1
6–7 Year 2 Infants year 2 1st grade

7–8 Year 3 First year Junior 2nd grade

8–9 Year 4 Second year Junior 3rd grade

Key Stage 2
9–10 Year 5 Third year Junior 4th grade

10–11 Year 6 Fourth year Junior 5th grade

Middle Junior high

Secondary school / High school
school school

11–12 Year 7 First form[25] 6th grade

12–13 Year 8 Second form Key Stage 3 7th grade

13–14 Year 9 Third form 8th grade

Senior high
High school
school

14–15 Year 10 Fourth form 9th grade Freshman year

Key Stage 4,
Sophomore
15–16 Year 11 Fifth form GCSE 10th grade
year

Sixth form / FE College[26]

16–17 Year 12 Lower sixth (AS) Key Stage 5, 11th grade Junior year

17–18 Year 13 Upper sixth (A2) A level 12th grade Senior year
See also

Multi-age classroom

Education by country

United Nations Human Development Index

References

1. http://nt5.scbbs.com/cgi-bin/om_isapi.dll?
clientID=29207847&infobase=iwde.nfo&softpage=PL_frame

2. Greenberg, Michael (2007). "A Sudbury Valley Education: The View from Inside" (https://web.archiv
e.org/web/20150924111401/http://www.sudval.org/essays/102007.shtml) . Sudbury Valley
School. Framingham, Massachusetts, US. Archived from the original (http://www.sudval.org/essay
s/102007.shtml) on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2015-07-25. " How do you get access to a computer at
school? There are a whole lot of kids that want to use it. What you instantly find is a culture of rules.
You have to be certified to use a computer, which means someone who knows has to tell you how
you turn it on, how you turn it off, all the things you have to do to not damage the machine, and you
have to show them that you know how to do that before you can use the computer on your own."

3. "Stages of schooling" (https://nt.gov.au/learning/primary-and-secondary-students/stages-of-school

ing) . Northern Territory Government of Australia. 26 August 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2022.

4. "Republican Institute for Knowledge Control" (http://rikc.by/eng/) . rikc.by. Retrieved 2022-08-03.

5. "Guide to Education" (https://web.archive.org/web/20090206053830/http://www.education.alberta.

ca/media/832568/guidetoed.pdf) (PDF). Alberta Education. September 2008. Archived from the
original (http://www.education.alberta.ca/media/832568/guidetoed.pdf) (PDF) on 6 February
2009.

6. "Reporting on K-12 Glossary of Terms: Grade Range" (https://studentsuccess.gov.bc.ca/glossary#

G) . Government of British Columbia. Retrieved 2 August 2022.

7. "Schools in Manitoba" (http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/schools/gts.html) . Manitoba Education.

Retrieved 1 November 2014.

8. "Curriculum Development" (https://www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/departments/education/k12/con

tent/anglophone_sector/curriculum_anglophone.html) . Government of New Brunswick. 30 October
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Further reading

Nelson, Derrick E. (Seton Hall University) (2013). "The Effect of Grade Configuration on the Academic
Achievement of Special Needs Students:the Case of New Jersey" (https://scholarship.shu.edu/cgi/vie
wcontent.cgi?article=2881&context=dissertations) . (PhD thesis) – Grade configuration means the
arrangement of educational stages in a school