Aa¨vq-10: we¯Ívi cwigvc I m¤¢vebv

1 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
Abb¨v 12 cÖ‡kœi g‡a¨ 6wUi DËi w`‡Z cv‡i| jvwgmv H 12wU cª‡kœi g‡a¨ 7wUi DËi w`‡Z cv‡i| GKwU cÖkœ ‰`efv‡e
wbe©vPb Kiv n‡jv|
K) Abb¨v I jvwgmvi DIi †`IqAi m¤¢vebv KZ ?
L) (i) †h †Kv‡bv GKRb DËi †`Iqvi m¤¢vebv KZ ? (ii) †KD bv cvivi m¤¢vebv KZ ?
M) ïaygvÎ GKR‡bi DËi w`‡Z cvivi m¤¢vebv KZ ?

(K) Gi mgvavb

awi, A = Abb¨v DËi †`Iqvi NUbv

B = jvwgmvi DËi †`Iqvi NUbv
6 1
Abb¨vi DËi †`Iqvi m¤¢vebv, P( A) = =
12 2
7
Ges jvwgmvi DËi †`Iqvi m¤¢vebv, P ( B) =
12

(L) Gi mgvavb

GLv‡b, A I B ci¯úi ¯^vaxb|

 P( A  B ) = P( A).P(B ) =
1 7 7
 =
2 12 24
(i ) †h‡Kv‡bv GKR‡bi DËi †`evi NUbv,
P ( A  B ) = P ( A) + P ( B ) − P ( A  B )
1 7 7 12 + 14 − 7 19
= + − = =
2 12 24 24 24
(ii) †KD bv cvivi m¤¢vebv,
P( A  B ) = 1 − P( A  B ) = 1 −
19 5
=
24 24

(M) Gi mgvavb
ïaygvÎ GKR‡bi DËi w`‡Z cvivi m¤¢vebv = P(A  B )  (A  B )
= P ( A  B ) + P( A  B )
= P( A) − P( A  B )+ P(B ) − P( A  B )
6 7  7 7 
= − + − 
 12 24   12 24 
12 − 7 14 − 7 5 + 7 12 1
= + = = =
24 24 24 24 2
2 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
K) evQvB Kivi Dcvq msL¨v wbY©‡q mgv‡e‡ki m~ÎwU wee„Z Ki| web¨vm I mgv‡e‡ki ga¨Kvi m¤úK© cÖwZôv Ki|
1
L) cÖwZwU Suywo n‡Z GKwU K‡i ej Zz‡j †`LvI †h `yBwU ejB mv`v nevi m¤¢vebv Avi ej `yBwU GKB i‡Oi nevi
4
11
m¤¢vebv .
24
4 19
M) †`LvI †h ej `yBwUi GKwUI mv`v bv nevi m¤¢vebv n‡j Kgc‡ÿ GKwU ej mv`v nevi m¤¢vebv ej `yBwUB wfbœ
25 24
i‡Oi nevi m¤¢vebv wbY©q Ki|

(K) Gi mgvavb

evQvB Kivi Dcvq msL¨v wbY©‡q mgv‡e‡ki m~Î: n msL¨K wRwbm n‡Z r msL¨K wRwbm evQvB Kivi Dcvq msL¨v
n!
n
Cr =
r!(n − r )!
n!
Avgiv Rvwb, n msL¨K wRwbm n‡Z r msL¨K wRwbm wb‡q MwVZ web¨vm msL¨v n Pr =
(n − r )!
n!
r! [je I ni‡K .. Øviv ¸b K‡i]
r!(n − r )!
 n! 
= r!n Cr n Cr =
 r!(n − r )!

(L) Gi mgvavb

1g ev‡· mv`v ej = 4wU

Kv‡jv ej = 2wU
‡gvU ej = (4+2)wU = 6wU
4
C1 4 2
1g ev· n‡Z GKwU ej Zzj‡j Zv mv`v nevi m¤¢vebv = 6
= =
C1 6 3
2q ev‡· mv`v ej = 3wU
Kv‡jv ej = 5wU
‡gvU ej =(3+5)wU =8wU
3
C1 3
 2q cvÎ n‡Z GKwU ej Uvb‡j Zv mv`v nevi m¤¢vebv 8
=
C1 8
‡h‡nZz NUbv `ywU wew”Qbœ Ges ¯^vaxb,
2 3 1
myZivs `yBwU ejB mv`v nevi m¤¢vebv =  =
3 8 4
ej `yBwU GKB i‡Oi nevi m¤¢vebv = `yBwU ejB mv`v nevi m¤¢vebv+`ywU ejB Kv‡jv nevi m¤¢vebv
4
C1 3 C1 2 C1 5 C1 11
6
 +  = (‡`Lv‡bv n‡jv)
C1 8 C1 6 C1 8 C1 24
(M) Gi mgvavb
ej `yBwUi GKwUI mv`v bv nevi m¤¢vebv-
2
C1 5 C1 5
= 1g ev‡·i ejwU Kv‡jv I 2q ev‡·i ejwUI Kv‡jv nevi m¤¢vebv = 6
 =
C1 8 C1 24
[we.`ª. cÖ‡kœ fzj Av‡Q]
AšÍZ GKwU ej mv`v nevi m¤¢vebv = 1g ev‡·i ejwU mv`v I 2q ev‡·i ejwU Kv‡jv nevi m¤¢vebv + 1g ev‡·i ejwU
Kv‡jv I 2q ev‡·i ejwU mv`v nevi m¤¢vebv + 1g ev‡·i ejwU mv`v I 2q ev‡·i ejwUI mv`v nevi m¤^vebv
4
C1 5 C1 2 C1 5 C1 4 C1 3 C1
= 6
 +  + 
C1 8 C1 6 C1 8 C1 6 C1 8 C 1
4 5 2 3 4 3
=  +  + 
6 8 6 8 6 8
5 1 1 19
= + + = (†`Lv‡bv n‡jv)
12 8 4 24

3 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
‡`Iqv Av‡Q, †Kv‡bv PjK x Gi n msL¨K abvZ¥K gvbmg~n h_vµ‡g x1, x2 ,x3...xn
K. cÖ_g n msL¨K msL¨vi †f`v¼ wbY©q Ki|
L. cÖgvY Ki †h, e¨eavbv¼ Vck=100 n − 1
M. x1=5, x2 =6,x3=9, x4=12,Mo e¨eavb wbY©q Ki|
(K) Gi mgvavb
‡Kv‡bv avive n msL¨K gvb x1, x2...xn hv‡`i Mo
x 2 ; myZivs avivwUi †f`v¼,
( xi − x ) 2
 2x = ; i=1, 2,....., n
n
2
x
2
x2 
= i -  i 
n  n 
 xi
2
= - x2
n
L. g‡b Kwi, †Kv‡bv PjK x Gi n msL¨v abvZ¥K gvb x1, x2...xn hv‡`i Mo x Ges cwiwgZ e¨eavb S.
 In
 x=
n
  xi = n x
 In
Avevi, S2= - x2
n
Avgiv Rvwb, (x1+xx2+...xn)2 =x12+x22 +..xn2+ 2(x1x2+ x2x3+ x1x3+....)
2
 n  n
   xi  =  xi +2  xi x j ; i=1,...2...,n
2

 i =1  i =1 i =1

abvZ¥K nIqvh Zv‡`i ¸Ydj¸‡jvi †hvMdj abvZ¥K

 (n x) 2   xi ,[i = 1,2,3, ............n]
2

 n 2 x   xi
2 2


2
2 x
 nx i


2
2 x 2
 nx − x i
−x
n
2
 x (n − 1)  S 2
 x n − 1  S (cÖgvwYZ)
S
 n −1   100
x
100 n − 1  we‡f`v¼
S
[ we‡f`v¼=  100]
x
[we:`ª: cÖ‡kœ fzj Av‡Q| cÖkœwU n‡e cÖgvY Ki †h, e¨eavbv¼ ev we‡f`v¼ ev we‡f`v¼  100 n − 1]
(M) Gi mgvavb
M. †`Iqv Av‡Q, x1 = 5, x2 = 6, x3 = 9, x4 = 12

 Mo x =
x i
=
5+6+9+2
=8
n 4
4
| xi − x |

i =1
 Mo e¨eavb= =
n
| 5 − 8 | + | 6 − 8 | + | 12 − 8 | 3 + 2 + 1 + 4
= = = 2.5
4 4
DËi: 2.5
4bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
GKwU kn‡i †gvU 50,000 Rb RbmsL¨vi g‡a¨ 28,000 Rb †WBwj ÷vi c‡o, 23,000 Rb BbwW‡cb‡W›U c‡o Ges
4,000 Rb Dfq cwÎKvB c‡o| GKRb‡K ˆ`efv‡e wbe©vPb Kiv n‡jv|
K) NUbv Kx?
L) m¤¢vebv ej‡Z Kx eyS?
M) wbe©vwPZ †jvKwU †WBwj ÷vi ev BbwW‡cb‡W›U Gi †KvbUvB bv covi m¤¢vebv KZ?
(K) Gi mgvavb
‡Kv‡bv cixÿvq cÖvß GKwU wbw`©ó ˆewk‡ó¨i AbyK~j djvd‡ji †mU‡K NUbv e‡j|
D`vniY: GKwU Q°v wb‡ÿ‡c cÖvß †Rvo msL¨vi NUbv‡K A Øviv wPwýZ Ki‡j Zv n‡e A={2,4,6}
(L) Gi mgvavb
‡Kv‡bv NUbv m¤^‡Ü wbðqZvi gvÎvi GKwU MvwYwZK cwigvc n‡jv m¤¢vebv| MwYwZKfv‡e †Kv‡bv GKwU ˆ`e cixÿvi †gvU
m¤¢ve¨ djvd‡ji msL¨vi mv‡_ †Kv‡bv GKwU wbw`©ó NUbvi AbyK~j djvd‡ji msL¨vi AbycvZ‡K H NUbv NUvi m¤¢vebv
e‡j|
‡Kv‡bv bgybv‡ÿ‡Îi †gvU djvdj msL¨v n Ges Dnvi †Kv‡bv NUbvi AbyK~j djvdj msL¨v m n‡j
NUbvi AbyK‚j djvdj msL¨v (m) n( A) m
m¤¢vebv= = =
‡gvU m¤¢ve¨ djvdj msL¨v (n) n( S ) n
D`vniY: GKwU gy`ªv wb‡ÿc cixÿvi bgybv‡ÿÎ, S:{H, T}
 ‡gvU djvdj msL¨v, n(S)=2
g‡b Kwi, A GKwU NUbv hv †nW cov wb‡`©k K‡i|
myZivs A Gi bgybvwe›`y {H}
 A Gi AbyK~j djvdj msL¨v, n(A)=1
n( A) 1
 m¤¢vebv, P( A) = =
n( S ) 2
(M) Gi mgvavb
‡`Iqv Av‡Q,
kn‡ii †gvU RbmsL¨v n(S)= 50,000
‡WBwj ÷vi c‡o, n(A)= 28,000
BbwW‡cb‡W›U c‡o, n(B)= 23,000 Ges n( A  B) = 4000
‡h‡Kv‡bv GKwU cwÎKv c‡o Ggb †jv‡Ki msL¨v,
n( A  B) = n( A) + ( B) − n( A  B)
= 28000+23000-4000=47000
 ‡Kv‡bv cwÎKvB c‡o bv Ggb †jv‡Ki msL¨v
= n(S ) − n( A  B)
=50000-47000
=3000
 wba©vwiZ †jvKwU ‡Kvb cwÎKvB c‡o bv Zvi
3000
m¤¢vebv= = 0.06 ( Ans.)
50000
cÖ¨vKwUm Ask: m„Rbkxj cÖkœ:

m„Rbkxj cÖkœt-1
15 Rb kªwg‡Ki ˆ`wbK Li‡Pi DcvË UvKvq †`Iqv nj
20,30,15,25,22,27,15,20,35,22,32,12,30,25,17
K. DcvËwUi cwimi KZ?
L. kªwgK‡`i Li‡Pi PZz_©K e¨eavb wbY©q Ki|
M. kªwgK‡`i Li‡Pi cwiwgZ e¨eavb wbY©q Ki|
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-2
‡kªwY e¨wß 200- 300- 400- 500- 600- 700- 800- K. cÖ_g n ¯^vfvweK
300 400 500 700 700 800 900 msL¨vi Mo KZ?
MYmsL¨v 12 18 36 24 10 8 7 L. Dc‡ii cÖ_g 6 wU
†kªwYe¨wß I MYmsL¨v
Øviv ‡f`v¼ wbY©q Ki|
M. Dc‡ii DcvËwU ØvivMo e¨eavb wbY©q Ki|
m„Rbkxj cÖkœt-3
`yBwU wbi‡c¶ Q°v GK‡Î k~‡b¨ GKevi wb‡¶c Kiv n‡jv
K. Q°v `yBwUi bgybv‡¶Î wj‡L bgybv we›`yi msL¨v KqwU Zv wbY©q Ki|
L, bgybv †¶‡Îi cÖvß msL¨v؇qi †hvMdj 6 A_ev 7 cvevi m¤¢ebv KZ?
M. cÖvß msL¨v؇qi †hvMdj eo‡Rvo 3 cvevi m¤¢ve¨Zv wbY©q Ki|
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-4
GKwU gy`ªv I GKwU Q°v GK‡Î wb‡¶c Kiv n‡jv
K. Z_¨wUi bgybv †¶Î wjL|
L. gy`ªvq ‡Uj T Ges Q°vq 3 Øviv wefvR¨ msL¨vi m¤¢e¨Zv wbY©q Ki|
M. gy`ªv n‡Z †nW cvevi NUbv I Q°v n‡Z †Rvo msL¨v cvIqvi NUbv Kx ¯^vaxb|
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-5
GKwU ev‡· 5 wU meyR, 6 wU jvj I 4 wU Kv‡jv ej Av‡Q| ev·wU n‡Z 3 wU ej ˆ`efv‡e †bIqv nj|
K. 2 wU jvj ej nevi m¤¢vebv KZ?
L. me¸‡jv ej wfbœ is‡Oi nIqvi m¤¢e¨Zv wbY©q Ki|
M. Kgc‡¶ 2 wU ej meyR nIqvi m¤¢e¨Zv wbY©q Ki|
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-6
GKwU cv‡Î 20 wU ej Av‡Q| ej¸wji hZwU mv`v Zvi wZb¸Y Kv‡jv| jvj ej Av‡Q Kv‡jvi wظY cwigvY|
K. ˆ`efv‡e GKwU ej wb‡j ejwU mv`v nevi m¤¢vebv KZ?
L. hw` GK‡Î 3 wU ej Zz‡j †bIqv Z‡e Kgc‡¶ `DwU ej jvj m¤¢vebv wbY©q Ki|
M. hw` cici 3 wU ej Zz‡j †bIqv nq Z‡e 1g ejwU mv`v Ges †kl ejwU Kv‡jv bv nevi m¤¢ve¨Zv wbY©q Ki|
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-7
GKwU cv‡Î 4 wU jvj I 5 wU Kv‡jv ej Av‡Q& Ab¨ GKwU cv‡Î 3 wU jvj I 4 wU Kv‡jv ej i‡q‡Q| cÖwZwU cvÎ †_‡K 1 wU
ej ˆ`efv‡e †Zvjv n‡jv| ej `yBwU
K. mv`v nevi m¤¢vebv KZ?
L. wfbœ i‡Oi nIqvi m¤¢ve¨Zv KZ?
M, GKB i‡Oi nevi m¤¢ve¨Zv KZ?
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-8
`kRb Qv‡Îi †ivj bs Ges c`v_©weÁvb I imvq‡b cÖvß b¤^i wbgœiƒc
‡ivj 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 855 9 10
bs
c`v_© 52 35 47 65 70 32 40 55 60 54
weÁvb
imvqb 67 40 20 25 32 54 34 44 51 43
K. GKwU jUvix cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq GKwU cyi¯‹v‡ii Rb¨ 100 wU wU‡KU wewµ nq| G‡`i g‡a¨ ZvKx I Zvwmb h_vµ‡g 5 wU I
2 wU wU‡KU wK‡b| Zvwmb A‡c¶v ZvKxi cyi¯‹vi cvIqvi m¤¢vebv KZUv †ewk Zv wbY©q Ki|
L. wbi‡c¶fv‡e GKRb QvÎ wbe©vPb Kiv n‡j Zvi †h‡Kvb GKwU wel‡q cv‡mi m¤¢vebv wbY©q Ki|
M. †Kvb wel‡q QvÎiv †ewk `¶Zv AR©b Ki‡Q Zv wbY©q Ki|
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-9
GKwU Zv‡mi c¨v‡KU n‡Z 3 wU Zvm wbwe©Pv‡i ‡bIqv n‡jv|
K. ZvmwU niZb nevi m¤¢ve¨Zv KZ?
L. ZvmwU Kgc‡¶ GKwU ivRv nevi m¤¢veb vKZ?
M. Zvm¸‡jv GKB my¨‡Ui m¤¢ve¨Zv wbY©q Ki|
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-10
GK c¨v‡KU Zvm n‡Z cybt¯’vcb K‡i cici 2 wU Zvm †bIqv n‡jv| Zvm `ywU
K. cici bv wb‡q GKev‡i wb‡j ZvmØq †U°v nIqvi m¤¢ve¨Zv KZ?
L. GKB i‡Oi ivYx nevi m¤¢vebv KZ?
M. GKB my¨‡Ui ivRv nIqvi m¤¢vebv KZ?