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Numerical Methods Problem Set 1

Josh Turner
September 13, 2023

Question 1
Q1: Consider the nonlinear equation f (x) = x3 − 6x2 + 11x − 6 = 0. Apply the
Newton-Raphson method to find an approximation of one of its roots, starting
with an initial guess x0 = 2. Perform two iterations and show the updated
estimates.

Question 2
Q2: Explain the concept of round-off error in numerical calculations. How does
it affect the accuracy of results in computational methods, and what strategies
can be used to mitigate round-off errors?

Question 3
Q3: Calculate the first derivative of the function f (x) = ex · sin(x) using nu-
merical differentiation. Use the central difference method with a step size of
h = 0.01 and evaluate the derivative at x = 1. Compare the result to the exact
derivative.

Question 4
Q4: Use the Secant method to approximate the root of the equation f (x) =
x3 − 6x2 + 11x − 6 = 0 with initial guesses x0 = 2 and x1 = 3. Perform one
iteration and show the updated estimate.

Question 5
Q5: Explain the concept of Horner’s method for polynomial evaluation. Provide
an example of a polynomial and demonstrate how Horner’s method simplifies
the process of evaluating the polynomial.

1
Question 6
Q6: Describe the concept of the Homotopy method for solving systems of non-
linear equations. How does it work, and what is the role of the parameter t in
the method?

Question 7
Q7: Use Taylor’s Remainder Theorem to estimate the error in approximating
the function f (x) = sin(x) using its Taylor series expansion up to the 4th degree
around x = 0. Calculate the error for x = 0.5.
For this problem, n = 4, a = 0, and x = 0.5. Calculate the error using the
given formula.

Question 8
Q8: Explain the concept of order of convergence in the context of numerical
methods. What does it indicate about the behavior of a numerical method as
the number of iterations increases?

Question 9
Q9: Apply the concept of order of convergence to a numerical method. Suppose
a method has a dominant error term O((x − a)3 ). What can you conclude about
the order of convergence of this method?

Question 10
Q10: Discuss the importance of numerical methods in scientific and engineer-
ing applications. Provide examples of situations where numerical methods are
essential for solving complex problems.

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