23:24 e, ,, ~ Vol)

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II LTE2
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I 24o/cO -

Cell: The Unit of Life

I. Identify the statement that docs not hold true for (a) I - Plasmodcsmata. 2- Rough endoplasmic
a eukaryotic cell'/ fl Tricky reticulum. 3 - Golgi apparatus.
4 - Mitochondrion. 5 - Ribosomes
(a) Presence of 80S type of ribosome in 1he (b) I - Desmosome, 2 - Rough endoplasmic
mitochondria. reticulum. 3 - Golgi apparatus.
(b) Presence of 80S type of ribosome in the
cytoplasm. 4 - Mitochondrion. 5 - Ribosomes
(e) Prcscnce ofmilochondria containingcircular (c) I - Plasmodesmata, 2- Smooth endoplasmic
DNA. reticulum. 3 - Golgi apparatus,
(d) Presence of membrane bound organelles.
2. Living beings ore made up of cells. This 4 - Mitochondrion. 5 - Ribosomes
statement belongs to: (d) I - Tight junction. 2- Rough endoplasmic
(a) Lamarck reticulum. 3 - Golgi apparatus,
(b) Von Helmont
4 - Mitochondrion. 5 - Ribosomes
(c) Hugo de Vries
(d) Schlciden and Schwann 7. Identify the corrtct statements in comparison to
3. Largest unicellular eukaryotic plant is: the cell doctrine and choose the option.
(a) Egg of Rhinodo11 (i) Cells arc the basic units of structure in the
(b) Acetabu/uria body of living organisms.
(c) Nerve cells of squid (ii) The bodies ofallliving beings are made up
(d) RBC ofAmphiuma ofcells and their products.
4. The acidic condition within the lysosome is (iii) Genetic information is stored and expressed
maintained by:
(a) digestive enzymes syntlk.'Siscd on RER. inside the cells.
(b) pumping CJ- ion out oflysosome. (iv) Cells are the basic units of function in
(c) pumping prorons (H') into the lysosome. living organism that is. the activities ofan
(d) All of the above organism are the sum total of the activities
s. Mitochondria supply most of the necessary of its cells.
biological energy by: (a) (ii) and (iii)
(a) Breaking down ofsugar (c) Only(i)
(b) Oxidising substrates ofTCA cycle Prokaryotic cell does not have:
8.
(c) Reducing NADP
(a) Nucleolus
(d) Breaking down of protein
(b) Membrane bound organelles
6. The following diagram shows some of the
missing structures in a plant cell ( I - 5). Choose (c) Centrioles
the correct option. (d) All of the above
Smooth 1.yso,on,e , 9. Which one of the following cell organel
4-ndopJaffl1k •
rc1kufwn found only in plants?
kus (a) Golgi complex (bl Mitochondria
(d) Ribosomes
"''"' (c) Plasrids
MK'flHubul kw JO. In which of the following organisms. plastids
lope
nw arc not found? .Trick y
bnn<
uok
l,:tmdl•
I (a) Blue green algae (b) Bacteria
(c) Fungi (d) All of these
 t'nu, .___• · J--::!.. t tll w1II
c,io~~~ ls 4 (a) Blue green algae (b) Baeoeria
(c) Fungi (d) All oflhese

g
82 ""1
ObjecU ve Blolo a MCQa 0
(D
11. Function of centriole is: UJ
( i) Cristae of mitochondria
(a) Fonnaoion of spindle fibres
( ii) Inner membrane of mitocho ndria
(b) Fonnal ion of nucleolus
( iii) Cytoplasm
{c) lnhiatio n of cell dh•ision
(iv) Smooth endoplasmic reticulu m
(d) Fonnaoion or cell plalc
12. Order the following terms in a way 1ha1 dcpicos (v) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
(vi) Mitochondrial matrix
how vesicles arc transported 10 membranes. arc
(vii) Ribosome
likely 10 move through the cell.
(viii) Nucleus
(i) ER • Critical
(ii) Nuclear envelope Thinking I 2 3 4 5
(iii) Golgi apparalus
(iv) Vesicle (a) (viii) (v) (vii) (iii) (iv)
(v) Plasma membrane. (b) (i) (iv) (vii) (vi) (iii)
(a) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
{b) (i). (iv). (ii). (iv). (iii). (iv). (v) (C) (vi) (v) (iv) (vii) (i)
(c) (ii), (iii). (i). (iv). (v) (d) (v) (i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
(d) (ii).(i). (iv),(iii). (iv).(v)
17. The cells arc held togcthc r by a Ca-pectaoc layer
13. Sodium and potassium pumps arc commo
n called.
in many cells. Which of the following are
(a) primary cell wall (b) secondary cell wall
necessary for the pumps to worlc? • Tricky (c) middle lamella (d) tcniary cell wall
18. Cristac arc round in:
(a) ATP-driven pumping protein<.
(b) A signal to activate the pumps. (a) Surface of grana
(bl Surface of plasma membrane
(c) A concentration gradient to work against
(cl Wall or mitochondria
(d) All of the above
14. Pcroxisomcs. in plant cells, arc involve
(d) Nuclear membrane
d in: 19. Match column-I (scientists) with column
(a) Photooxidation -II
(discovery) and select the correct option.
(b) Photorespiration
(c) Photophosphorylation Columr>-1 Column-II
(d) Photolysis of waler A. Leeuwenhoek I. First saw and
15. Arrang e 1he follow ing steps in a correc
l described a living
sequence as per Gram·s staining technique.
cell.
Critical B. Rohen Brown II. Presence of cell wall
Thinki
(i) Treatment with O.S% iodine solution. ng is unique to plant
(ii) Washing wilh water. cells.
(iii) Treatment with absolute aloohoVacctonc. C. Schlciden 111. Discovered the
(iv) Stainin g with weak alkalin ' e solution of nucleus.
crystal violet. D. Schwann IV. All plants are
The correct sequence is: composed of different
(a) (ii). (i). (iv), (iii) {bl (iv). (i). (ii). (iii) kind of cells.
(c) (iii). (ii), (i). (iv) (d) (iv). (iii). (ii). (i) (a) A- I: B - Ill: C - IV: D - 11
16. Identify the components labelled as I, 2. (b) A-1: 8 - 111: C - 11: D - IV
3. 4
and S in the diagram given below from the list
(c) A- 111: B - 1; C - IV: D - 11
(i) to(viii). (d) A- l: B - IV:C - ll: D - 111
20. Accord ing to Daniel li and Davso n.
the
phospholipid bilayer is covered on either side by:
(i) Hydrated globular proteins
(ii) a -globular proteins 1-.Jou ghnut
(iii) ~globular protein s <>
(iv) Only spectrin protein with sialic acid
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(cl (iii) and (iv) (d) (i) and (iv)

Cell: The Unit or Life

21. Three morpho logical forms of golgi complex 26. Match columr>-1 with column-II and c
arc: correct option.
(a) Lamcllac, tubules and vesicles Columr>-1 Column-II
(b) Cistemae. tubules and vesicles A. Tonoplast I.
(c) Cistcmac. tubules and lamcllac
(d) Grnnum. thylakoids and 1•esicles B. Contractile II.
22. Chan nel proteins allow ions that would not vacuole
normally pass through the cell membrane to C. Food vacuole Ill. Excretion
go through the channel. What properties of the D. Air vacuole IV. Transpon of ions in
proteins arc respons ible for this? plants
.Tri cky (a) A- IV: B - 111:C- 1: D - 11
(b) A- 11: B - Ill: C - IV: D - I
(a) The channe ls are often composed of
(c) A - IV; B - ll;C - 111; D - 1
charged or polar R groups.
(d) A- I: B - Ill: C- II: D- IV
(b) The channels arc often composed of 27. Match column-I with column-II and select the
hydrophobic R groups. correct option.
(c) Both (a) and (b) Column-I Column-II
(d) None of the above A. Golgi apparatus I. Storage
23. Which of the following statement(,) depict ~1c B. Mitochondria II. Photosynthcs is
fundamental feature s of cell theory? C. Vacuoles Ill. Transp on
(i) A ll cells share simila r chemistry and D. Grana IV. Secretio n
V. Respiration
Cell: The Unit or Life
Three morphological forms of golgi complex
fii1
21. 26. Match column-I with column-II and choose the
are: correct option.
(a) Lamellae. tubules and vesicles Column-I Column-II
(b) Cistemae, tubules and vesicles A. Tonoplast I. Contain digestive
(c) Cistcmac, tubules and lamellac enzyme
( d) Gran um, thylakoids and vesicles B. Contractile 11. Store metabolic gases
22. C hanne l proteins allow ions that would not vacuole
normally pass through the cell membrane to C. Food vacuole m. Excretion
D. Air vacuole IV. Transport of ions in
go through the channel. What properties of the
proteins are responsible for this? iiill Tricky plants
(a) A- IV: B- 111: C- 1: D - 11
(b) A- II; B - Ill; C - IV; D - I
(a) The channe ls are often composed of
(c) A - IV: B-11: C -111: D-1
charged or polar R groups. (d) A - I; B - Ill: C - II; D - IV
( b) The channels are often composed of 27. Match column-I with column-II and select the
hydrophobic R groups. correct option.
(c) Both (a) and (b) Column-I Column-II
( d) None of the above A. Golgi apparatus I. Storage
23. Which o f the following statement(s) depict the B. Mitochondria II. Photosynthesis
fundamenial features of cell theory? C. Vacuoles 111. Transport
( i) All cells share simila r chemistry and D. Grana IV. Secretion
V. Respiration
physiology.
(a) A-IV;B - V;C -l: D-11
( ii) A ll living organisms are composed of cells
(b) A- 1: B - U;C- IV: D - LU
and their products.
(c) A - IV: B - I: C - II: D- Ill
( iii) Each cell is made up of a small mass of (d) A- l;B- ll;C- LU:D - IV
protoplasm containing a nucleus inside and 28. Match the components I, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in the
a plasma membrane with or without a cell diagram (cell membrane) below fro m the list (i)
wall outs ide. to (vii).
(iv) Activities of an organism arc the sum total o f
activities and interaction of its constilllents
cells.
(a) Only (i) is correct
( b) (ii) and (iii) are correct
(c) (ii), (iii) and (iv) arc correct
(d) All are correct
24. Which of the following organelles are double
membrane-bound?
(a) Nucleus (i) Sugar
(b) Chloroplast (ii) Protein
( c) Mitochondria ( iii) Lipid bilayer
(d) All of the above (iv) Integral protein
(v) Cytoplasm
25. Which of the following substances is most likely
(vi) Cell wall
to penneate a membrane by diffusing directly (vii) External protein
through the lipid bilayer? (a) I - (i). 2 - (ii). 3 - (iii). 4 - (iv). 5 - (v)
.Tricky
(b) I - ( ii). 2 - (i). 3 - (iii). 4 - (iv). 5 - (v)
(a) K· (b) G lucose (c) I - (i), 2 - ( ii), 3 -(iii), 4 - (iv), 5 - (vi)
(c) c 1- (d) O, (d) I - (i). 2 - (ii), 3- (iii). 4 - (vii). 5 - (v)

84
29. Plasmodcsmata connections help in: (c) I - Thylakoid, 2 - Granum, 3 - Stromal
(a) Cytoplasmic streaming. lame Ila. 4 - Stroma
( b) Synchronous mitotic divisions. (d) I - Granum. 2 - Thylakoid, 3 - Stroma.
(c) Locomotion of unicellular organisms. 4 - Stra ma! lameIla
(d) Movement ofsubslanccs between cells, 37. In which of the following cell types would
JO. Correct sequence of layers of bacterial cell you see more cell ular detail using an electron
microscope as compared to a light microscope?
envelope is : .- Tricky
\acrttlcal
(a) cell membrane ➔ glycoc
•Thinking
(b) Plant
(b) glycocalyx ➔ cell wall
(c) cell wall ➔ glycocalyx
(d) glycocalyx ➔ cell memb
87 of 439 ia (d) All of the above
al protein of cilia and flagella is:
n (b) Nexin
3 I. Both chloroplasts and mitocho tn (d) Albumin
(a) have multiple membranes. 39. Ion carriers are located in:
 N

.
29. Plasmodc smata connectio ns help in:
(a) Cytoplasmic streaming .
(c)
Objectiv e Bloloey IICQ9
I - Thylakoid . 2 - Gr.mum, 3 - Stro ma l
lame lla. 4 - Stroma
:ii
...I
0
(D
w

(d) I - G ranum . 2 - T hylakoid , 3 - Strama,

(bl Synchronous mitotic di visions.
4 - Stromal lamella
(c) Locomotion of unicellular organisms.
37. In which of the fo llowing cell types would
(d) Movement ofsubstu nccs between cells.
you see more cellular detai l us ing an e leclron
30. Correct seq uence of layers of bacteria l cell microscop e as compared to a li~t microscop e?
envelope is: .Tric ky ~ Critical

I
•Thin king
(a) cell membrane ➔ g lycocalyx ➔ cell wall (a) Animal (b) Plant
(bl glycocaly x ➔ cell wall ➔ cell membrane (c) Bacteria (d) All of the above
(c) cell wall ➔ g lycocalyx ➔ cell membrane 38. The principal protein o f cilia and Oagc lla is:
(d) glycocaly x ➔ cell membrane ➔ cell wall (a) Tubulin (b) Nexin
3 1. Both chloroplas ts and m itochondri a: (c) Myosin (d) A lbumin
(a) ha\'e multiple membrane s. 39. Ion carriers arc located in:
(b) ha\'e highly structured innermost membranes. (a) Nucleus (b) Ce ll wall
(c) arc found only in cukaryotic cells. (c) Cellular space (d) Plasma membrane
(d ) All of the abo\'e 40. The four basic shapes of bacteria are:
32. Which of the face of golg i complex is assoc iated (a) amoeboid . elongated. biconcave and coccus.
with ER? (b ) e longated. bacill us. coccus and amoeboid .
(a) Fonning face i.,,.. Trans-fac e (c) baci llus. coccus, vibrio and spirillum.
(b) Maturing face i.e.. Trans- fac e (d) bacillus. amoeboid . e longated and coccus.
(c) Both forming and maturing face 41 . Which o f the following organelles is directly
(d ) Form ing face or Cis-face connected to the outer membrane o f the nucleus
in a cukaryotic cell?
33. Schleiden and Schwann proposed:
(a) Mitochon drion
(a) phenomen on of Brownian movemen t
(b) Lysosome
(b) cell theory or cell doctri ne
(c) Golgi apparatus
(c) protoplasm as a physical basis o f life
(d) Endoplasm ic reticulum
(d) None of the above
4 2. Match column- I and column-II and select the
34. Cenlrio lcs and centrosomes are present in cells of :
COITl.'CI option.
(a) Bacteria (b) Cyanobac teria
Column- I Column-II
(c) Green plants (d ) Animals
A. Bacteria I. Lysosomc
35. The ribosomes are made up o f :
(a) DNA + Protein (b) RNA + Protein without walls
(c) DNA + RNA (d) None of these B. Sma ll circular JI. Mycoplasma cells
36. Whic h of the following option correctly match DNA
I, 2, 3, and 4 indicated in the d ia1,.,..m·1 C. Flattened sacs Ill. Thy lakoid
in a chloropla st
D. A \'CSiclc in IV. Plasmid
which hydrolytic
enzymes arc
stored
(a) A - 111: B - IV; C - IJ; D - I
(b) A- ll; B - IV;C - 111: D - I
(a) 1- Thylakoid .2- Stromal lamclla.J- Stroma.
(c) A - I; B - JI; C - Ill; D - JV
4 - Granum
(d) A - IV;B - lll;C - l;D - 11
(b) I - Granum. 2 - Thylakoid . 3 - Stromal
lamello. 4 - Stroma

Cell: The Unit o f Life

43. Which one o f the following pairs is not
lncorr«tly matched?
48. Grana and stroma lnmellae are the pan s of:
(a) Mitochon dria
.
- The tubular (b) Chloropla st
(a) Cristac
(c) Endoplasm ic reticulum
structure formed by
(d) Vacuo les
the folding of the 49. Ce ll wall in higher plants is made up
inner membran e o f (a) Cellulose + lignin
the mi1ochon drion. (b) Cellulose + pectin
- The membran e (c) Cellulose + subcri n
(b) Pla.smodesma ta
(d) Cell ulose+ lipid
surroundi ng the
50. Identify the cornet Sllllcmcnts and c hoose the
vacuo le in plants. option.
(c) Grana - Membrane bound (i) The smallest of a ll cells arc nerve ce lls .
d iscs in c hloroplas ts (ii) Bacteria are 3-5 µm in length.
thal contain (iii) The Ostrich egg is the largest cell.
chlorophy lls and (i \') Mycoplasma is the smallest cell (0.3 µmin
le ngth).
carotcnoid s.
· ·· . (iii) and (i")
(d) Middle lamella - La
ii)
adJ i)
in
fro 88 of 439 i) and (iv)
ng diagram represents a structure o f
44. Which of the following stalem e. Identify the structures o f marked
(a) Na+fK+ pump is an example of active as I. 2 and 3.
~ I
 stored
(a) A - lll; B - IV;C - ll;D- 1
(b) A - 11: B -IV: C - lll; D - l
(a) 1- Thylako id. 2- Stromallamella.3-Stroma.
(c) A - l; B - ll;C -Jll;D- IV
4-Granum
(d) A - IV; B -111:C - l: D - 11
(b) I - Granum. 2 - Thylakoid, 3 - Stromal
lamella. 4 - Stroma

Cell: The Unit of Life [ii]

43. Which one of the following pairs is not 48.Grana and stroma lamellae arc the parts of:

I
Incorrectly matched? (a) M itochondria
(a) Cristac - The tubular (b) Chloroplast
(c) Endoplasmic reticulum
structure fonncd by
(d) Vacuoles
the folding of the 49. Cell wall in higher plants is made up of:
inner membrane of (a) Cellulose + lignin
the mitochondrion. (b) Cellulose + pectin
(c) Cellulose + suberin
(b) Plasmodcsmata - The membrane
(d) Cellulose+ lipid
surrounding the
50. Identify the correct statements and choose the
vacuole in plants. option.
(c) G rana - Membrane bound ( i) The smallest of all cells arc nerve cells.
discs in chloroplasts (ii) Bacteria arc 3-5 µm in length.
that contain (iii) The Ostrich egg is the largest cell.
(iv) Mycoplasma is the smallest cell (0.3 µmin
chlorophylls and
length ).
carotcnoids.
(a) (i). (ii). (iii) and ( iv)
(d) Middle lamella - Layer between (b) Only ( ii)
adjacent cells walls (c) Only( i)
in plants derived (d) (ii). (iii) and (iv)
from cell plate. SI. The following d iagram represents a structure of
44. Which of the following statements arc correcf? chromosome. Identify the structures of marked
(a) Na• /K+ pump is an example o f active as I. 2 and 3.
transport.
(b) In plant cells. lipid like steroidal hormones
arc synthesised in SER.
(c) In plant cells, the vacuoles can occupy up
to I 0% of the volume o f the cell.
(d) Chlorophy ll and leucop last arc responsib le
for trapping light energy essential for
photosynthesis.
45. The simplest way to distinguish a prokaryotic Chromosome - 3
from a eukaryotic cell. is to check for: (a) I - Sate llite. 2 - Primary constriction.
(a) Plasma membrane (b) Nucleus 3 - Acroccntric
(c) DNA (d) Proteins
(b) I - Satellite. 2 - Secondary constriction.
46. The polynuclcatcd condition appeared by free
3 - Metacentric
nuclear di vision without cytokinesis is:
(c) 1-Satcllite.2-Centromere.3 - Teloccntric
(a) Syncytium
(d) 1- Satcllitc,2- Centromerc.3-Submctncentric
(b) Coenocytic
(c) Found in amphibian oocytc S2. Which one of the following combination is
(d) All of these mismatched•
47. Which o f the following limits the movement (a) G lycocalyx - May be capsule or slime
of molecules when carrier-mediated facilitated layer
diffusion is involved? (b) Pili - Reproduction
(a) Concentration gradient (c) Cell wall - Protective. determi nes shape.
(b) Availability of carrier mo lecules prevents from bursting
(c) Temperature (d) Flagella. pili and fimbriae - Sur face
(d) All of the above structures of bacterial cell

86 Objective Blolo
SJ. Match column-I (cell organe lle) with column-II 57. Which of the following is related to glycos
(membrane) and select the correct option from o f protein?
the codes given below. (a) Endoplasmic reticulum
Column-I Column-II (b) Perox isomc
A. Mitochondria I. Without membrane (c) Lysosomc
0 . Lysosomes II. Single membrane (d) Mitochondria
C. Ribosomes Ill. Double membrane 58. Which o f the following statements is/are
(a) A - I: B - 11: C - Ill correct?
( i) 1nc endomembrane system includes plasma
(b) A - lll;B - l:C -11
ranc. ER. Golgi complex. lysosomes
(c) A - lll: B - 11: C- l
cuoles.
(d) A - II: B - lll: C - 1 lps in the transport of substances.
54. In prokaryotcs. chro matophor 89 of 439 sis of proteins. lipoprotcins and
en.
mes arc involved in protein synthesis.
(a) specialised granules respons ible for (iv) Mitochondria he lp in oxidati ve
 N
g
~I
Objective Biology MCQa al
w
53. Match column-I (cell organelle) with column-II 57. Which of the following is related to glycosylation
(membrane) and select the correct option from of protein?

I
the codes given below. (a) Endoplasmic reticulum
Column-I Column-II (b) Pcroxisomc
A. Mitochondria I. Without membrane (c) Lysosome
B. Lysosomcs II. Single membrane (d) Mitochondria
C. Ribosomes 111. Double membrane 58. Which of the following statements is/arc
(a) A- I: B - II; C - Ill correct?
(i) The endomembrane system includes plasma
(b) A- Ill;B - l;C -11
membrane. ER, Golgi complex. lysosomcs
(c) A- Ill; B-ll;C -1
and vacuoles.
(d) A -11:B-Hl:C- I (ii) ER helps in the transport of substances.
54. In prokaryotcs, chromatophores are: synthesis of proteins, lipoproteins and
.Tricky glycogen.
(iii) Ribosonnes arc involved in protein synthesis.
(a) specialised granules responsible for (iv) Mitochondria help in oxidative
colouration of cells. phosphorylation and generation of ATP.
(b) structures responsible for organising the (a) ( ii), (iii) and ( iv) (b) (i) only
shape of the organism. (c) (ii) only (d) (iii) only
(c) inclusion bodies lying free inside the cells 59. Choose the correct statement from the options
for carrying out various metabolic activities. given below. \a Critical
(d) internal membrane system which becomes .Thinking
extensive and complex in photosynthetic (i) Separation from extracellular medium
allows the cells to maintain its chemical
bacteria.
pool. orderliness of structure and reactions
55. An animal cell is put into a bathing solution and
in contrast to disorderly distribution and
it gains additional water. Choose the correct randomly interacting molecules in the extra-
statements. cellular medium.
(a) The cell was isoosmotic to the bathing (ii) Cells arc unable to recognise one another
solution. due to the presence of specific chemicals
on their surface.
(b) The cell was hypoosmotic to the bathing
( iii) Cells of plant tissue are often connected with
solution. one another through cytoplasmic bridges
(c) The cell was hyperosmotic lo the bathing called plasmodcsmata.
solution. (iv) Different cells ofan organism communicate
(d) The bathing solution was hypcrosmotic to as well as exchange materials with one
the cell. another.
(a) (ii) and (iii)
56. Select the statements which are related to Schwann.
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(i) He reported that cells have a thin outer
(c) (i). (iii) and (iv)
layer which is today known as plasma (d) (i). (ii). (iii) and (iv)
membrane. 60. Which o f the following enzymes arc found in
(ii) Cell wall is a unique character of the plant matrix of peroxisomcs?
.Tricky
cell.
(iii) Body of plants and animals arc composed (a) NAD H cytochrome reductase
of cells and products of cells. (b) Glyox idascs and malate dchydrogenase
(c) Acid phosphatases and isocitric lysase
(a) Only (i) (b) Only (iii)
(d) Catalases and oxidases
(c) (i) and (iii) (d) A ll of the above

Cell: The Unit of Life

61. Which of the following layer is present nearest 68. Which of the substance is a complicate
plasma membrane in plant cell'? of glycerol + phcllonic acids deposited o
(a) Secondary wall (b) Middle lamella cells to make it impermeable to water?
(c) Primary wall (d) Tonoplast Critical
62. Which of the following is present in both Thinking
prokaryotcs and eukaryotes? (a) Silica (b) Cutin
(a) Lysosomc (b) Vesicles (c) Lignin (d) Suberin
(c) Chloroplast (d) Plasma membrane 69. In nuclcoplasm, a conspicuous body ofspherical
'
63. Which structure is present in chromosomes? shape attached to a panicular chromosome on a

64.
(a) Nucleus
(c) Ccntrosome (d) G ·
Select the incorrect statement
.
(b) Centromere definite position is called.
- ..d
lus
(b) karyolymph
(d) nuclear reticulum
ribosomes. / oxysome/ elementary particles are
(a) SOS and 30S subunits u
ribosomes.
90 of 439 lasmic reticulum
(b) Polysome/polyribosome plast
ribosomes only. (c) Mitochondria
 membrane. 60.
(ii) Cell wall is a unique characte r ohhc plant matrix orpcroxisomcs?
.Tricky
cell.
(iii) Body or plants nnd animals arc composed (a) NADH cytochrome reduc1ase
or cells and products or cells. (b) Glyoxidases and malalc dchydrogcnase
(a) Only (i) (b) Only (iii) (c) Acid phosphalases and isocilric lysase
(c) (i) and (iii) (d) All or the above (d) Catalascs and oxidascs

Cell: The Unit or Life

6 I.Which or the following layer is present nearest 68. Which orthe substance is a complicated mixture
plasma membrane in plant cell'/ or g lycerol + phellonic acids deposited on cork
(a) Secondary wall (b) Middle lamclla cells 10 make it impcmtcablc 10 water?
(c) Primary wall (d) Tonoplasl \a. critical
62. Which or the following is present in both •Thinking
prokaryotes and eukaryotes'? (a) Silica (b) Cutin
(a) Lysosomc (b) Vesicles (c) Lignin (d) Suberin
(c) Chloroplast (d) Plasma membrane 69. In nuclcoplasm. a conspicuous body ohphcrical
63. Which structure is present in chromosomes? shape anached to a panicular chromosome on a
(a) Nucleus (b) Centromerc definite position is called.
(c) Ccn1rosome (d) Golgi body (a) plasmid (b) karyolymph
64. Select the incorrect statement about prokaryotic (c) nucleolus (d) nuclear reticulum
ribosomes. 70. F I particles / oxysomc/ e lementary particles arc
(a) SOS nnd 30$ subunits unite 10 form 70S present in:
ribosomes. (a) Endoplasmic reticulum
(b) Polysomc/polyribosome consists or many (b) Chloroplast
ribosomes only. (c) Mitochondria
(c) Ribosome is the site or protein synthesis. (d) Golgi complex
(d ) Po lysomc indicate the synthesis or identical

;,;~E
71. Which one is the correct option for the labelled
polypeptide in multiple copies.
65. Cons ider the following s1a1emen1s and choose
the correct s1u1emen1.
(i) The cndomembranc system includes
mi tochondria. chloroplast and
pcroxisomcs.
(ii) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the
major s ite for synthesis of lipid.
(iii) Rough e ndoplasmic reticulum is actively
(ill
U\J'""gVU ~~;~ij<f
involved in protein synthesis. I 2 3 4
(iv) Mitochondrial matrix possesses single (a) I - Tcloccn1ric chromosome.
circular DNA. a rew RNA and 80S nbosomcs. 2 -Acrocentric chromosome.
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iv) 3 - Submc1acen1ric chromosome.
(cl (iii) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii) 4 - Metacentric chromosome
(b) I -Acroccntric chromosome.
66. Which o r the following pair arc correctly
2 - Telocentric chromosome.
matched?
3 - Metacentric chromosome.
(i) Amyloplasts - Store proteins 4 - Submctaccntric chromosome
(ii) Mi1ochondrion - 'Powcrhot.o;c·orlhccell (c) I- Submctaccn1ric chromosome.
(iii) Stroma - Chlorophyll pigment 2- Mc1accn1ric chromosome.
(iv) Axoneme - 9 + 2 array 3- Telocentric chromosome.
(a) (i) and (iii) only 4- Acroccntric chromosome
(b) (ii). (iii) and (iv) only (d) I - Metacentric chromosome,
(c) (iii) and (iv) only 2- Submctacentric chromosome.
(d ) (ii) and (iv) only 3- Acroccntric chromosome.
67. In a prokaryotic cell. the correct option is: 4 - Teloccntric chromosome.
(i) enveloped genetic material is present 72. Choose the Incorrect match.
(ii) ribosomes arc absent (a) Nucleus RNA
(iii) an organised nucleus is absent. (b) Lysosome Protein synthesis
(c) Mitochondria Respiration
(a) Only (i) (b) Only (ii)
(c) Only (iii) (d) Cytoskclcton Microtubules
(d) All or 1he above

Objective Biology MCQa

73. Whic h one or the following cellular pans is 79. Which organelle is surrounded by a double
correctly matched wi th 1hcir characters'? phospholipid bilayer with many large pores?
(a) Cenlrioles- Sites for acti ve RNA synthesis. (a) Nuclear envelope
(bl Lysosomcs - Op1ima lly active al a pH or (b) Plasma membrane
aboul 8.5 (c) Golgi apparatus

forming 1hc grana o r chi

(d) Ribosomes - Those on
.
(c) Thylakoids - Flauencd membra nous sacs (d) Mitochondrion
between plant and animal flagella
is:
larger (80S) while those
are smaller (70S).
97 of 439 (b) 9 + 2
.Tricky

74. Which o r the following lacks (d) 9 + I

 a,
r-,
0

,_Jl, fC'2 9
ffi
SID Io...,
ObJ ectlv e d o uble
undc d bY a res?
nc lle is s urr<> anY Jorge Po
Whic h o~;d bilayer with Ill
phosp ho hP nvelo P"
. cellular parts N uclea r
c
(a ) bran•
88 . of the follo,vong ,aractcrs? (b) pJasrn
amem
.,.,(hcsis,
Which one h d wilh 1he1r ,cl RNA s,.-
I mate c Golgi appar atus . I flage lla
73. s·,cs for acuve pH o f aoun a
y
correcl (c) hondr ion
c cntriofes - , . llY active at a (d) M'.tOC 1,c1wecn plnrll and -Tr lck Y
(a) mes - op11m•
sacs sirniJontY . .
(b) LysoSo so.
ab<>UI 8.5 cd mcmbrllllOUS micro rubuf cs ,s.
. ffat1en ts
ThyfakoodS - f chforopfos . • (b) 9 + 2
(cl ing the grana o Joropfasts arc . f
cytop lasm (a) 9 + 3 (d) 9 + I
forrn . - Those on _ch
9+6 . not the funcuo n o
(d) Rib<>s ome> hilc those ,n the f◄ llowi nS ,s
rl•cr (80S) w (c)
I8 70S)• k cell wall? Whic h of the o
arc' " smaller t 81.
~ 11<>wing Jae s cell waff? the cell-
Which of the o (b) Amoe ho
i) provi des s hape to hanic al dama sc
74. All of 1heSC ( the cell from mec
Gamc 1es d)
( a) a ( · • arc (ii) pro1ects
) M_vr:opfa.<fll of juncu on~ .
i,crwc en cells'! d infect ion.
(c . , f the follow ing_ 1ypcs an cell intcrac uon.
75. \Vh1ch o fi mrnun1cauon w,des irabfe 1,,acro moleculCS-
. (b) 0csmo son1c s (iii) He lp• in ccl_l to
,-cspansible or co
idCS 1,amerto
(a) Tigh1junc11ons d) None o f the abOVC (iV) f'rOV
s:
(c) Gap juncu ~•-• an a~ima l cell occur well (a) Only (i)
. synthesis ,n cnt in cytopJasm as (b) O nly ( iv) .
76, Protei n
on ,;1,osoones P":s .. ) (iii) and ( ,v)
(c) Only 11 •(
olus as
( ) as in mi1och0n dnu. . the nucle
3

(d) None of the abov e -fl and selec t the

riJ,osomes presen t on with colum n
(b) on Jasm 1 -
,veil as in cytop . hcd to the nucle ar Matc h colum n-
·1,osomes auoc 82.
lum. corre ct o ption . 11
(c) only on n nd endop lasmic reticu Colu mP-
envelope a esent in cytaso l. Columr>-1 d
the ri boSoflleS pr cly engag ed Ul . - I. JntrJc cllula r an
(d) only on
drio arc acuv . A. RER ·Jl ulat d igesti on
it ,s: cxtracc
When mitoc I.,onand electron transp art.
77.
phosphoryJouon tJI
Trick y
B. Cell wall
Provi de struc tural s uppo rt
fl .
to the cell
in active state
(a) Prote in synth esis and
Ill.
in condensed stnlC ,nbrune space
c. flage lla
secre tion
{b) .
(c) havin g enlarged ,n1errne IV Resp onsib le for cell
(d) All of these . o. Lysos omes moveme nt
• parted ,n:
78. Gas vacuo les arc nol re ~ CrttJcal
•Th inki ng A- 111: B-11 :C - I V: D - 1
(a)
A - 11: B- llf: C - I V: D - 1
. (b)
(a) Cyanobactcria
na A - I; B - Ill: C - II: 0 - JV
(b) PurplcJb,rccn photo synthetic bactc (c)
A - I V: B - ll:C - 111: 0- 1
(c) Amoe ba (d)
(d) Prokaryotes

89

Cell: The Unit of Life

83. Which ofthe following contributes
in the rwo sides

(a)
(b)
of the cell memb
todi fTcrcn ccs
rane?

..
~To ugh nut

Differences in peripheral protei ns.

Different doma ins expressed on the ends
of integral pro teins.
88. Read the follow ing statem ents and
com.."Ct options given.

(i)

(ii)
Sap vacuo les-contain digestive -
idcnt · ·

with the he lp of w hich nutrients a

Contr actile vacuo les - take
osmo regulation and excre tion
te
(iii) Food vacuo les - s tore a nd conc entra
(c) Differences in phospholipid types.
miner al salts as well as nutrie nts
(d) All of the above a nd
(i v) Air vacuo les - s tore metab olic gases
84, The function of ccntrosome is:
help in buoy ancy of cells.
(a) Inhibition of cell divis ion (b) (i) and ( iii)
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) lnilioles cell divisi on (d) (i) a nd ( iv)
(c) (ii) and (iv)
(c) To increase protein synthe sis ., . the following s tatem ents regar ding
(d) Initiate cytokinesis rrecl ?
83. Cell wall o f bacteria is made t
contai n an o uter of nine d o uble
(a) Murcin
(c) Polysocchoride
(b)
(d) 92 of 43 9 ubules surro undin g two s ing le

116. You have found a mass o f eel

surrou nding a thermal vent in the ocean
floor.
. . by
ubulc s.
rganis cd beati ng of c ilia is contro lled
2
fluxes Ca • acros s the mem brane.
; ... ih,. ,.,., •., ;, ~,. ;,,. h ♦ .. h
I J,,.n,,
 (a) Cyano bacteria
L Iiiii!iii!J
(b) Purple /green photos ynthetic bacteri
(c) Amoeb a
a
..,,., ~-,.
(a)
(b)
A - 111:B - ll:C - IV: D - 1
A-ll: B - 111: C - IV; D - 1
(d) Prokar yotes ( c) A - l; B - lll;C - 11:D - lV
(d) A - IV: B - II: C - Ill; D - 1

Cell: The Unit of Life

83. Which oft he following contrib utes to differe
nces 88. Read the following statements and identif
in the two sides of the cell memb rane? y the

I
correc t options given.
..
~Tou ghnu t
(a) Differences in periph eral proteins. (i)
• Critic al
Thinking
Sap vacuolcs~ontain digestive enzymes
with the help of which nutrients are digested.
(b) Different domai ns expres sed on the
ends (ii) Contra ctile vacuol es - take pan
of integral proteins. in
(c) Differences in phosph olipid lypCS. osmorcgulation and excreti on
(iii) Food vacuoles - store and concen
(d) All of the above trate
mineral salts as well ns nutrients
84. The function of ccntrosomc is:
(iv) Air vacuoles - store metabolic gases
(a) Inhibition of cell divisio n and
help in buoyancy of cells .
(b) Initiates cell divisio n (a) (i) and (ii) (bl (i) and (iii)
(c) To increa se protein synthesis (c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (i) and (iv)
(d) Initiate cytokincsis
89. Which of the following statem ents regardi ng
85. Cell wall of bacter ia is made up of: cilia is lntorrrct ?
(a) Murcin (b) Protein (a) C ilia contai n an outer of nine double
t
(c) Polysa ccharidc microtubules surrounding two single
(d) Lipid
86. You have found a mass of cells in the microtubules .
sedime nt (b) The organised beating of cilia is contro
surrou nding a therma l vent in the ocean lled
floor. by fluxes Ca2., across the membrane.
The salinity in the urea is quite high.
Upon
micros copic examin ation of the cells yo (c) C ilia arc hair-like cellula r appendages.
u find
no eviden ce of memb rane-b ound organelles. (d) Microtubules of cilia arc composed
How w ould you class ify this cell'/ of
tubulin.
(a) As a cukary otie cell A single unit membrane organelle is:
90.
(b) As a prokar yotic cell (a) Riboso mes (b) Mitochondria
(c) As a memb er of domai n Archa ebacte (c) C hlorop last
ria (d) Lysoso mes
(d) Both (b) and (c) In which of the following cell organelles
91. would
87. Match colum n-I with co lumn-II and you expect to find the biochemical reactio
select the ns
correct answer using the codes given below. that harnes s cncri,,y from the breakdown
of
Column-I sugar molecules to synthesise large amoun
Column-II ts of
(Chromosome) ATP'!
(Position of centr omt~)
A. Metac entric (a) Lysoso mc
I. At the tip
B. Subme tacentr ic 11. Almos t near the (b) Ves icles
tip
C. Acrocentric (c) Chloro plast
111. At the middle
(d) Mitochondrio n
D. Teloccntric IV. Slightl y awoy from
92. Folding of inner membr ane of mitocho ndria
the middle are
called.
(a) A- Ill; B-IV; C-11; D-1
(a) cristac
(b) A-IV; B-111: C-11: D-1
(b) grana
(c) A- I; B-11; C- 111; D-IV
(c) calcium oxalate crystal s
(d) A- IV; B- 111; C- 1: D-11
(d) sacs

90 Objec tive Blolo

93. Which type of set of chromosome s has 96. Which of the
one
genome? matched with its feature ?
(a) Haplo id (b) Diploid (a) Osmos is - Movement o f water by
(c) Triplo id (d) Polypl oid d iffusion.
94. Study the follow ing statements on cilium (b) Nucleo plasm - Site o f active synthe sis
or
flagellum and choose the com.'Ct option . of ribosomal RNA.
(i) Cilium / flagell um contains an outer (c ) Mcsos omc - lnfoldi ng o f cell
ring
of nine double t microt ubulcs surrou nding memb rane and
two singlet microt ubules . charac teristic s of
(ii) C ilia arc smalle r which eukaryo tes.
causing the movement o
or surrou nding fluid. 93 of 439 - Elongated tubula r
surface structures
(iii) Flagella arc compa rati,
(made or special
respon sible for cell movem ent.
prote in) of bacteria.
 N
0
co
,....,
Cl
Objec tive Biology MCQa CD
w
93. Which type of set o f chromosomes has one 96. Which of the following terms is incorrectly
genome? matched with its feature?
{a) Haplo id (b) Diploid (a) Osmosis - Movement of water by
{c) Triploid (d) Po lyploid diffusion.
94. Study the following statements on c ilium or (b) Nuclcoplasm - Site of active synthesis
flagellum and choose the correct option. of ribosomal RNA.
(i) Cilium / flagellum contains an outer ring (c) Mcsosomc - In folding o f cell
of nine doublet microtubulcs surro unding membrane and
two singlet microtubules. characteristics of
(ii) Cilia are smaller which work like oars. eukaryotes.
causing the movement of either the cells (d) Pili - Elongated tubular
or surrounding fluid.
surface structures
(iii) Flagella arc comparatively longer and
(made of special
respons ible for cell movement.
protein) of bacteria.
(iv) Cilium and flagellum are covered with
97. The strength and rigidity of a cell wall is due to
plas ma membrane.
the substance known as.
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i). (ii). (iii) and (iv)
(a) suberin (b) cellulose
(c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii)
(cl lignin (d) pectin
95. Given below arc some c haracters of a cell 98. Semi auto nomous cell organelles of cell are:
organelle. Identify the corrttl organel le which
(a) Nucleus and chloroplast
shows all the characters described above.
(b) C hloroplast and mitochondria
(i) It is a membrane bound space found in the
(c) Vacuoles and golgi complex
cytoplasm .
(d) Ribosome and lysosome
(ii) It is bound by a single membrane called
tonoplast.
99. Part of chromosome which joins with spindle
fibres is:
(iii) It contains water. sap. excretory products
(a) C hromatid (b) Chromoncma
and other materials. not useful to the cell.
(c) C hromornere (d) Centromcrc
(iv) It has higher concentration of sap than the
100. What would happen if lysosomes get ruptured
cytoplasm.
ins ide the cells in which they arc present?
(a) Golgi apparatus
(a) Cells will swell
(b) Lysosomes (b) Cells will shrink
(cl Endoplasmic reticulum (c) Cells will die
(d) Vacuoles (d) Nothing would happen

Cell: The Unit of Life 91

I II Answer KEYs
I (a) II (a) 21 (b) 31 (ell 41 (d) SI (b) 61 (a) 71 (a) 81 (ell
2 (d) 12 (d) 22 (a) 32 (dl 42 (bl 52 (bl 62 (dl 72 (b) 82 (a)
3 (b) 13 (d) 23 (d) 33 (b) 43 (bl SJ (c) 63 (b) 73 (cl 83 (d)
4 (c) 14 (b) 24 (d) 34 (dl 44 (a) 54 (d) 64 (bl 74 (ell 84 (d)
s (b) IS (b) 25 (d) 35 (b) 45 (b) 55 (c) 65 (d) 75 (c) 85 (a)
6 (a) 16 (a) 26 (a) 36 (b) 46 (b) 56 (d) 66 (d) 76 (a) 86 (d)
7 (d) 17 (c) 27 (a) 37 (d) 47 (d) 57 (a) 67 (c) 77 (d) 87 (a)
8 (d) 18 (c) 28 (a) 38 (a) 48 (b) 58 (a) 68 (d) 78 (c) 88 (c) 98 (b)
9 (c ) 19 (a) 29 (d) 39 (d) 49 (b) 59 (c) 69 (c) 79 (a) 89 (b) 99 (d)
10 (d) 20 (a) JO (b) 40 (c) 50 (d) 60 (d) 70 (c) 80 (bl 90 (d) 100 (C)

Hints & Solutions

I. (a) In cukaryotic cell. ribo cell di vision. spindle fibres arc
type. However, 70S ri
plastids and mitochond
· 94 of 439 d on centriole.
pical Row of vesicles within the cell
2. (d) 3. (b) nuclear envelope to rough ER. from
4. (c) The lysosorne is filled with 40 types of rough ER to Golgi apparatus, and from
• (.) LTEl ,ii LTE2 ,ii O-

I. ■ Hints & Solutions

(a) In cukaryotic cell, ribosomes arc of SOS
type. However. 70S ribosomes. occur in
II. (a) During cell di vision. spindle fibres an:
attached on ccntriolc.
plastids and mitochondria. 12. (d) The typical How of vesicles within the cell
2. (d) 3. (b) is from nuclear envelope 10 rough ER. from
4. (c) The lysosome is filled with 40 types of rough ER to Golgi apparatus. and from
acid hydrolascs (digestive enzymes). The Golgi apparatus 10 plosmo membrane.
acidic pH 5 (4.6 to 5) is due to the action Membrane movement between nuclear
of ATP proton pump in the membrane envelope, Golgi apporntus. and ER is vio
of the lysosome. All the enzymes do vesicles.
nol occur in the same lysosomc. There 13. (d) Temperature. molecule size. molecule
digestive enzymes arc synthesised on RER charge, and conccn1rn1ion gradients all
and packed into lysosomcs. affect the rate at which diffusion takes
5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (d) place.

I
14. (b)
9. (c) Plants arc au101rophs and synthesise their
food in the process of photosynthesis with 15. (b) Steps of Gram's staining technique.
the help of chloroplast (plastid). (i) Staining with weak alkaline solution of
crystal violet.
I 0. (d) Plastids arc the characteristic feature of
photosynthetic eukaryotes. Blue green (ii) Treatment with 0.5% iodine solution.
algae and bacteria ore prokoryotcs and (iii) Washing with water.
fungi arc saprophytic eukaryotes. (iv) Treatment with absolute alcohol/acetone.

g
l'-1
0
Objective Bloloa MCQa al
w
16, (a) In the given diogrom of endoplasmic 25. (d) Usuolly only small, nonpolar molecules
reticulum, the components marked as I. 2, can move 1hrough the lipid bilaye r of 1he
3. 4 and 5 arc respectively nucleus (,•iii), membrane by simple diffusion. Because
rough endoplasmic reticulum (v), ribosomes a molecule of oxygen has a balanced
(vii), cytoplasm (iii) and smooth endoplasmic clcc1ron dis1ribu1ion, i I is nonpolar.
reticulum (iv). Endoplasmic reticulum is a 26. (a) Tonoplasl is a membrane separating a
network of membranous tubules within the vacuole from !he surrounding cytoplasm in
cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell. continuous a plant cell. It controls ionic movement in
with the nuclear membrane. 11 usually and around the cell. Con1rac1ilc vacuole is
has ribosomes attached and is involved in a suh-<:cllular structure found in unicellular
protein and lipid synthesis. algae. It absorbs excess waler and was1es
17. (c) The cells arc held together by a Ca-pccta1e from a microorganism ·s cell and excreles
layer called middle lamella. them into the environment. Food vaculolc
is a membrane-unclosed cell vacuole with
18. (c) Cristae arc found in wall of mitochondria. a digestive funclion. It conlains material
19. (a) Leeuwenhoek - He is commonly known taken up in by the process of phagocytosis.
as "the Father of Microbiology", and Air vacuole is a small cavity or space in
considered to be the firs! microbiologisl. the tissues. It stores metabolic gases.
Firs! saw and described a living cell. 27. (a) Golgi apparatus is a cellular organelle
Rohen Brown was a Scouish bo1onist which is involved in the modifying,
and palaeobotanist who made imponant soning and packaging of proteins for
contributions nucleus and cytoplasmic secretion. Mitochondria arc known as the
streaming. power house oflhe cell as they arc the site
of chemical reactions 1h01 transfer energy
Schlcidcn was a German botanist and
from organic compounds in ATP. Vacuole
co-founder of the cell 1hcory, along with
is a membrane bound organelle and fi lled
Theodor Schwann ond Rudo lf Virchow.
with water containing inorganic and
He discovered 1ha1 all plants arc composed
organic molecules including enzymes in
of different kind of cells. solution. Vacuoles might store food o
Schwann - He discovered that presence of variety of nuiricnts, a cell might
cell wall is unique to plant cells. survi\'c. Grana arc a stacked me
20. (1) Daniclli and Davsonsaysthatbiomembrane structure within thechloroplastso
contains four molecular layers. two green algae 1ha1 contains the c
of phospholipid and two of proteins. and is the site of the light rca
Phospholipid form a double bilayer. The pho1osyn1hcsis.
phospholipid biloyer is covered on ei1her 28. (a)
side by a layer of hydrated globular or 29. (d) Plasmodesmata connections help in
Cl-protein molecules. movcmenl of substances between cells.
30. (b) Bacterial cell envelope consists of three
21. (b)
components glycocalyx. cell wall and cell
22. (a) The chn.rged or polar lining of the channel membrane.
proteins allows passage of polar and
Glycocalyx - 11 is !he outermost mucilage
charged molecules. layer of the cell envelope.
23. (d) oll - It is rigid solid covering, which
24. (d) The nucleus, the mi cs shape and structural suppon 10
1he chloroplosts arc ti
membrane-bound organe 96 of 439 I. Cell wall lies between plasma
ranc and glycocalyx.
 Cell: The Unit or Lire
Plasma/cell membrane • It is selectively as suicidal bag or1he cells. II is involved in
pcm1cablc covering or the cy1oplasm lha1 in1racellular and extracellular digcs1ion.
fonns the innermost component of cell 43. (b) Plasmodesmala are c)'loplasmic bridges
envelope. bc1wccn two adjacent cells which connect
JI. (d) 32. (d) the neighbouring cells.
33. (b) Cell 1hcory was proposed in 1838 by 44. (•) In animal cells. lipid like slcroidal
Ma11hias Schlciden and by Theodor hom1ones arc syn1hcsiscd in SER. In plunl
Schwann. The ccll 1hcory soys 1h01: cells. the vacuoles can occupy up 10 90%
All organisms arc composed ofone or more or 1hc volume of 1he cell. Chlorophyll
cells. All cells come from prc-cxis,ing cells.

I
and carotcnoid pigments arc responsible
All vital functions of nn organism occur for !rapping lighl energy esscn1ial for
wilhin cells. Cells conlain lhe heredilary pho1osyn1hcsis.
information necessary for regulating cell
45. (b) All cells have plasma membranes. DNA.
functions and for tr.msmitting infonnation
and pro1cins. There arc single-celled rcp-
10 1he nexc gcncra1ion or cells.
resenlatives from both prokaryolcs and
34. (d) 35. (b) 36. (b) cukaryoles. The mos, reliable way 10 1011
37. (d) Elcclron microscopes have much grcaler 1he difference bc1wccn cell lypes is 1he
mognificntionpowcrthnnlightmicroscopcs. presence ofa nucleus. which is found only,
Th is feature pcnnits us to see more detail
in eukaryotes.
for whatever cell type we arc viewing.
46. (b) Syncylium- Jr a mullinuclca1ed condi1ion
38. (a)
arises due 10 fusion of cells. i1 is called
39. (d) Surface o r plasma membrane has ion
syncytium. e.g., body of slime moulds.
carTicrs which participates in exchange of
s1ria1ed muscles elc.
ions.
40. (c) Prokoryolic cells may vary gmnly in 47. (d) Anything Iha! affcc1s the ralc or diffusion
shape and size. The four basic shapes or will affccl carrier-medialed facili1a1cd
baclcria ore bacillus (rod-like). coccus diffusion. In addi1ion lo !hose. carrier-
(spherical). vibrio (comma shaped) and mcdialcd facililalcd diffusion also relics
spirillum (spiral). on 1he availability of carrier molecules.
41 . (d) This connec1ion allows malerial produced 48. (b) Lamcllae of chloroplasl are known as
in 1he nucleus 10 dircc1ly enler lhe ER via thylakoids.
1hc nuclear pores. 49. (b)
42. (b) Mycoplasma cells arc bacleria wi1hou1 SO. (d) Muscle nnd nm•e cells are comparalivcly
walls. very large. The nerve cells arc 1he longes1
Plasmid is a gene1ic s1ruc1ure in a cell cells of human body. which muy reach a
1ha1 can replica1e independenlly of 1he lenglh or upto 90 cm.
chromosomes. II is 1ypically a small 51. (b) The figure shows 1hc s1ruc1urc or
circular DNA slrand in lhc cytoplasm
me1accn1ric (3) chromosomes. The parts
or a bac1crium or pro1ozoan arc sac- marked as (I) and (2) arc respectively
like membranes 1ha1 make up grana in a
are sa1elli1e and secondary constric1ion.
chloroplast
Mc1acen1ric chromosomes have the
Lysosomes arc a single membrane bound
ccn1romerc in 1he centre. due 10 which
vesicular structure. It contains many both sections arc of equal leng1h.
hydrolytic enzymes and commonly called

~
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Objective Biology IICQa
ffi
52. (b) Pili are organelles of adhesion allowing in1crac1ion, as well as si1cs of auachmcnl
bac1eria 10 colonise and rcsis1 flushing. in a tissue.
SJ. (c) Mitochondria arc double membrane cell Glycoproleins arc often in1cgral me
organelles with 1he oUler membrane and proteins and arc also importa
inner membrane. Lysosomes are a single recognition.
membrane bound vesicular structure. II 60. (d)
conlains many hydrolytic enzymes and 61. (a) Secondary wall si1ua1cd near th
commonly called as suicidal bag of the membrane after 1he fonna1ion of p
cells. Ribosome is a granular struc1urc. wall.
wi1hout membrane. II consists of RNA and 62. (d) All cells have a plasma membrane. The
proteins and is 1he protein builders or the organelle such as lysosomc. chloroplast.
protein syn1hcsisers of 1he cell. vacuoles, etc. arc present only in cukaryo1es.
54. (d) In some prokaryotes like cyanobacteria, 63. (b)
there arc membranous extensions into the 64. (b) Prokaryotes have 70S ribosomes.
cytoplasm culled chromn1ophorcs which
conlain pigments. . each consisting of a small (30S) and a
(SOS) subunit Polyribosomes (or
mes) arc a cluster of ribosomes.
55. (c) Because the cell absorbs
to a mRNA molecule in 1ronsla1ion
that its osmotic po1c1
negative than the osmo1i
environment
. 97 of 439 the process of protein synthesis.
first discovered and characterised

56. (d) All the given statements . ' nathan Warner, Paul Knopf. and
Alex Rich in 1963. Polysomes indicate
 Objective Biolo gy IICQa
M
52. (b) Pili arc organelles of adhesion allowing interaction, as well as sites of attachment
bacteria 10 colonise and resist flushing. in a 1issuc.
Glycoprotcins are often integral membrane
53. (<) Mitochondria arc double membrane cell
organelles with lhc outer membrane and proteins and are also important for cell
inner membrane. Lysosomcs are a single recognition.
membrane bound vesicular structure. 11 60. (d)
contains many hydrolytic enzymes and 61. (a) Secondary wall siruated near the plasma
commonly called as suicidal bag of the membrane after the fonnation of primary
cells. Ribosome is a granular structure. wall.
wi1hou1 membrane. It consists of RNA and 62. (d) All cells have a plasma membrane. The
proteins and is the protein builders or the organelle such as lysosomc. chloroplast.
protein synthesisers of the cell. vacuolc-s. clc. arc present only in cukaryOlcs.
54. (d) In some prokaryotes like cyanobacteria. 63. (b)
there arc membranou s extensions inlo 1hc 64. (b) Prokaryotes have 70S ribosomes,
cytoplasm called chromatophores which each consisting of a small (30S) and a
contain pigments. large (50S) subunit. Polyribosomes (or

I
polysomes) arc a cluster of ribosomes.
55. Because the cell absorbs water, we know
(<)
bound 10 a mRNA molecule in translation
1ha1 its osmotic potential was more
during the process of protein synthesis.
negative 1han the osmolic potential of 1hc
environment II was first discovered and characterised
by Jonathan Warner. Paul Knopf. and
56. (d) All the given statements arc related 10 Alex Rich in 1963. Polysomcs indicate
Theodor Schwann. Schwann was a Gennan the synthesis of identical polypeptide in
physiologist. His contributions to biology multiple copies.
include the development of cell theory.
65. (d) Statements (ii) and (iii) are correct.
the discovery of Schwann cells in the cndomembmnc sys1crn include
The
peripheral nervous system. the discovery endoplasmic reticulum (ER). golgi
and study of pepsin. the discovery of the complex, lysosomcs and vacuoles.
organic nature of yeast, and the invention Since the functions of the mitochondria,
of the tcnn metabolism. chloroplast and peroxisornes arc not
57. (a) Almost all the proteins synthesised by coordinalcd with the above components,
ER bounded ribosomes arc convened these arc not considered as pan of the
into glycoprotcins aod this glycosylotion endomembrane system. The mitochondrial
occurs in the rough ER. matrix possesses single circular DNA
58. (a) Endomcmbranc system is a grouping molecule. a few RNA molecule. ribosomes
of some membrane organelles which (70S) and the components required for the
function in close coordination wi1h one synthesis of proteins.
another, 1·i:.. endoplasmic reticulum. golgi 66. (d) Amyloplasts store carbohydra tes (starch),
complex. lysosomcs and vacuoles. e.g.. polato whereas proteins are stored
by alcuroplasts. Chlorophyll pigments are
59. (<) The ability 10 distinguish dilTcrcnt
present in the thylakoid.
neighbouring cells is important for
organisms·, function. Glycolipids arc 67. (c) In prokaryotes. a nucleus is absent but
lipids with anached carbohydrates. which nuclcoid is found which is equivalent 10 a
acts as recognition sites during cell..:cll single chromosome or prochrornosomc.

Cell: Th e Unit o f LlCe [ii)

68. (d) 69. (c) 78. (c) Gas vacuoles (Pscudovac uolcs) occur
70. (c) Oxysomes (Elementary paniclcs or inner in some prokaryotcs and arc without
membranes sub-units or F1 paniclcs): 1onoplas1. It store metabolic gases and
these arc responsible for respiratory chain take pan in buoyancy regulation. These
phosphorylation. vacuoles protect cell from radiations.
71. (a) 79. (a) The pores in the nuclear membrane pennit
large molecules such as proteins and RNA
72. (b) Protein synthesis takes place in ribosomes.
to surface of 10 enter or exit this organelle.
which arc attached
1 80. (b) 9 + 2 similarity occu~ between plant and
endoplasmic reticulum by ribophorin-
animal flagella microtubules.
and ribophorin-11. About 50 hydrolytic
8 1, (d) All the given function is relo1c
enzymes arc found in the lysosome. They
wall. Cell wall is a very tough. fl
include proteases. nucleases. glycosidascs.
fairly rigid layer that surrounds
lipascs. phospholipascs. phosphatascs and
of cells. II surrounds the cell
sulphatases. All lysosomal enzymes arc, acid
and provides these cells with
hydrolascs and optimally active at pH-5.0.
suppon and prolection. It a lso eels
73. (c) Ccntriokss crveasbasa l bodies forciliaand
filtering mechanism.
ftagella. They arc concerned with spindle
Lysosomcs 82. (a) RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum)
fonnation during cell division.
bears ribosomes on their surface. RER
are membrane-bound organelles containing
is involved in protein synthesis and
many hydrolytic enzymes, which arc
secretion. Cell wall is a characteristic
optimally active at an acidic pH (near
bound feature of plant cell, bacteria. fungi. algae
pH 5). Thylakoids arc membrane-
and some archaea. The major function
organelles found within chloroplasts.
of the cell wall is to provide rigidity.
The thylakoid mcmbra
strength. structural support.
ftatten cd. fluid-filled tu
ion against mechanical stress and
. 98 of 439
a single convoluted co
on. Flagella arc a slender thread-
rubulcs tend to stack on
ructurc. especially a microscopi c
to fonn a structure callc
ikc appendage which enables many
74. (d)
protozoa. bacteria. spennatozoa, etc. 10
68. (d) 69. (c) 78. (c) Gas vacuoles (Pscudovacuoles) occur
70. (c) Oxysomcs (Elementary paniclcs or inner in some proknryotcs and are without
membranes sub-units or FI particles); tonoplast. It store metabolic gases and
these are responsible for respiratory chain take pan in buoyancy regulation. These
phosphorylation. vacuoles protect cell from radiations.
79. (a) The pores in the nuclear membrane permit
71. (a)
large molecules such as proteins and RNA
72. (b) Protein synthesis takes pince in ribosomes.
to enter or exit this organelle.
which arc attached to surface of
80. (b) 9 + 2 similarity occurs between plant and
endoplasmic reticulum by ribophorin-1
animal flagella microtubules.
and ribophorin-11. About 50 hydrolytic
81. (d) All the given function is related to cell
enzymes are found in the lysosomc. They
wall. Cell wall is a very tough. flexible and
include proteases. nuclcascs. glycosidnscs.
fairly rigid layer that surrounds some types
lipascs. phospholipascs. phosphatascs and
of cells. It surrounds the cell membrane
sulphatascS. All lysosomal enzymes are acid
and provides these cells with structural
hydrolascs and optimally active at pH-5.0.
suppon and protection. It also acts as a
73. (c) Ccntriolcsscrvc as basalbodicsforciliaand
filtering mechanism.
Hagclln. They arc concerned with spindle
82. (a) RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum)
formation during cell division. Lysosomcs
bears ribosomes on their surface. RER

I
are membrane-bound organelles containing
is involved in protein synthesis and
many hydrolytic enzymes. which arc
secretion. Cell wall is a characteristic
optimally active at an acidic pH (near
feature of plant cell. bacteria, fungi. algae
pH 5). Thylakoids are membrane-bound
and some archaca. The major function
organelles found within chloroplasts.
of the cell wall is to provide rigidity.
The thylakoid membrane. forms many
tensile strength. structural suppon.
flattened. fluid-filled tubules that enclose
protection against mechanical stress and
a single convoluted compartment. These
infection. Flagella are a slender thread-
tubules tend to stack on top of each other
like structure. especially a microscopic
to form a structure called a granum.
whip-like appendage which enables many
74. (d)
protozoa. bacteria. spcnnatozoa. etc. to
75. (c) Gap junctions arc involved in chemical
swim. It is responsible for cell movement.
and electrical signaling between cells.
Lysosomc is a single membrane bound
76. (a) Protein synthesis is the process by
vesicular s1ruclurc and contains many
which amino acids are linearly arranged
hydrolytic enzymes. It is commonly called
into pro1cins through the involvement
as suicidal bag of the cells and involved in
of ribosomal RNA. transfer RNA.
intracellular and extracellular digestion.
messenger RNA, and various enzymes. In
83. (d) The cell membrane is asymmetric and
animal cells. protein synthesis occurs on
has dilTcrent propcnics, and functions
ribosomes present in cytoplasm as well as
of the cytopl11smic side versus the
in mitochondria.
extracellular side. These propcnies arise
77. (d) When ATP concentration is low or
from differences in the constituents of the
the respiratory chain is inhibited. the
membrane.
mitochondriu arc seen in an inactive or
84. (d) Centrosome is responsible for initiation of
onhodox state. while reverse happens in
cytokinesis or splitting of mother cell into
condensed state in which intennembrane
two.
space is also increased.

~
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,-.I
Cl
Jiil
85. (a)
Objective Biology IICQs
plant cells but arc much larger in plant
ffi
86. (d) Based on the absence of membrane bound cells. Vacuoles arc c-sscntially enclosed
organelles. it can be either prokaryotc or compartments which arc filled with
archncbactcria. The presence in extreme water containing inorganic and organic
conditions also approve this. There arc molecules including enzymes in solution,
several charac1cristics that suggest 1his is a though in certain cases they may conlain
prokaryotc. It survives in high salinity and solids which have been engulfed. Vacuoles
high temperature. but the sure indication might store food or any variety of nutrients
is that it contains no membrane-bound a cell might need to survive. They can
O'llanclles. even store waste producls so the rest of the
87. (a) 88. (c) 89. (b) 90. (d) cell is protected from contamination.
9 1. (d) The mitochondrion is the powerhouse of 96. (c) Mcsosome is special structure. fo
the cell. It is the organelles where the bulk the extensions of plasma mc1
of the reactions that manufacture ATP, tal<e helps in the formation of cell
place. replication and dis1ribu1ion 1
92. (a) Cristac arc finger like process projecting cells. They also help in
inwards in mitochondria. secretion processes. 10 increo
93. (a) One genome is haploid type of set of surface area of 1hc plasma membrane an
chromosomes. enzymatic content. It is the characteristic
94. (b) All the gi\'cn statements regarding cilia of prokaryotes.
and flagella arc correct. 97. (c) 98. (b) 99. (d)
95. (d) The given characters are rela1cd 10 cell
100. (c) Cell wall die due to the release of enzyme
organelle· vacuole. Vacuole is a membrane
of lysosomc (autolysis).
bound organelle. found in both animal and

99 of 439