1

Green University of Bangladesh

Department of Electrical and Electronic
Engineering

EEE-208
Energy Conversion Laboratory

Student ID
Student Name
Section
Name of the Program
Name of the Department
 2

CONTENTS Page
No
Instructions for Laboratory 3

Laboratory Course Syllabus 4

Basic Measurement instruments 7

Experiments on Transformer

Experiment -1 Study of a single-phase transformer and determination of turns 15

ratio.
Experiment- 2 Study of the voltage regulation of a Transformer with resistive, 18
inductive and capacitive load.
Experiment- 3 Determination of the Approximate Equivalent Circuit Parameters of 21
a single phase Transformer, by Open Circuit and Short circuit Test.
Experiments on Induction Motor

Experiment -4 Determination of starting torque and loading characteristics of a 25

single phase induction motor.
Experiments on DC Motor

Experiment- 5 Study of the Speed control of a DC shunt motor and observation of 29

the existence of back EMF
Experiment -6 Study of the Torque Vs. speed characteristics of a DC shunt motor 33
and calculate the efficiency.
Experiments on DC Generator

Experiment -7 No load and loading Characteristics of a self-excited DC Shunt 36

Generator
Experiment on Synchronous Generator

Experiment- 8 Study of the no load and loading characteristics of three-phase 40

alternator
Experiment- 9 Determination of alternator efficiency by rated motor method 44

Experiment on Synchronous Generator

Experiment -10 Determination of the ‘V’ curves of a Synchronous Motor 47

 3

INSTRUCTIONS FOR LABORATORY

The experiments are designed to illustrate about different areas of power electronic
devices, circuits and applications. Conduct the experiments with interest and an attitude
of learning.

Students should come with thorough preparation for the experiment to be conducted.

Students should come with proper dress code.

Students will not be permitted to attend the laboratory unless they bring the practical
record fully completed in all respects pertaining to the experiment conducted in the
previous class.

Work quietly and carefully (the whole purpose of experimentation is to make reliable
measurements!) and equally share the work with your partners.

Be honest in recording and representing your data. If a particular reading appears

wrong repeat the measurement carefully.

All presentations of data, tables and graphs calculations should be neatly and carefully
done.

Graphs should be neatly drawn with pencil. Always label graphs and the axes and
display units.

If you finish early, spend the remaining time to complete the laboratory report writing.
Come equipped with calculator, scales, pencils etc.

Handle instruments with care. Report any breakage to the Instructor. Return all the
equipment you have signed out for the purpose of your experiment.

Do not turn the power on before your circuit has been checked by your Teacher! When
the layout has been completed, have your Teacher to check your circuit connections
and get his/her comments.
 4

GREEN UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH (GUB)

COURSE SYLLABUS

1 Faculty Faculty of Science & Engineering

2 Department Department of EEE
3 Program BSEEE [BSc in Electrical & Electronic Engineering]
4 Name of Course Energy Conversion Laboratory
5 Course Code EEE 208
Trimester and Year
6
7 Pre-requisites Energy Conversion Laboratory (EEE 208)
8 Status Core EEE Course
9 Credit Hours 1.5
10 Section
11 Class Hours
12 Class Location Room: 311
13 Course website
14 Name (s) of
Instructor(s)
15 Contact
16 Office
17 Counselling Hours
18 Text Book “Electric Machinery Fundamentals”, 5th Edition, Stephen J. Chapman

19 Reference “Electric Machines”, 2nd Edition, Charles I. Hubert

“A Textbook of Electrical Technology by B.L.Theraja and A.K. Theraja”

20 Equipment & Aids Bring your notebook and calculator. Equipment will be provided in
the laboratory.
21 Course Rationale EEE 208 is one of the fundamental courses for EEE students. It
aims to give students the practical idea about DC and AC
machines.
22 Course Description In this course, students will learn laboratory experiments related to
DC and AC machines using these concepts, understand the basic
principles behind analyzing electrical engineering problems with
hardware. This is a core course in EEE and very important to
realize actually what is happening in practical through laboratory
experiments.
 5

23 Course Objectives The course is designed to provide the background of the following
topics

1. Provide the practical demonstration of noteworthy topics on DC

and AC Machines.

2. To introduce the students with different devices.

3. To demonstrate how to solve real life engineering problem with

the combination of hardware.
24 Learning Outcomes After the end of this course, the students will be able to:

1. Students will get themselves introduced with the energy

conversion devices.

2. Implement the theoretical knowledge with the practical

knowledge.

3. Apply theoretical knowledge in laboratory and realize the insight

of the machines.
25 Teaching Methods Lecture, Laboratory hardware and software experiments, Project
Developments.
26 Topic Outline
Class Topics Or
CLOs Reading Activities
Assignments Referenc
1 Introductory 1,2 Laboratory
overview on the
course and Experiment
laboratory
Equoipment
2 Determination of 2, Laboratory
turns ratio and 3
transformer Experiment
equivalent circuit
parameters of a
single-phase
3 Study of Three 1,2,3 Laboratory
phase induction
motor. Experiment
4 Study of separately 1,2,3 Laboratory
excited dc generator
Experiment
5 Study of self-excited 1,2,3 Laboratory
dc generator
Experiment
6 Study of 1,2,3 Laboratory
Compound
Generator Experiment
 6

7 MID TERM Quiz, Lab test,

EXAMINATION Viva
8 Study of Dc shunt
Motor
9 Determination of 1,2,3 Laboratory
the ‘v’ curves of a
synchronous Experiment
motor.
10 Study of loading 1,2,3 Laboratory
characteristics of a
synchronous Experiment
Generator
11 FINAL TERM Quiz, Lab test,
EXAMINATIO
N (Quiz, Lab Viva
test, Viva)
12 Project presentation Presentation and
1,2,3 Report
Submission

27 Assessment
Methods
Assessment Types Marks
Attendance and Participation (Class Room & Course Page) 10%
Lab Report 20%
Lab Viva 15%
Lab Tests 25%
Lab Final Quiz 30%
Total 100%

Letter Marks % Grade Letter Marks% Grade

Grade Point Grade Point
28 A+ (Plus) 80-100 4.00 C+ (Plus) 50-54 2.50
Grading Policy A (Plain) 75-79 3.75 C (Plain) 45-49 2.25
A- 70-74 3.50 D (Plain) 40-44 2.00
(Minus)
B+ (Plus) 65-69 3.25 F (Fail) <40 0.00
B (Plain) 60-64 3.00 I* - Incomplete
B- 55-59 2.75 W* - Withdrawal
(Minus)
 7

BASIC MEASUREMENT INSTRUMENTS

1. Ammeter
2. Multi-meter or Digital Voltmeter
3. Tachometer

1. Ammeter:

Ammeter, instrument for measuring either direct or alternating electric current, in

amperes. An ammeter can measure a wide range of current values because at high values
only a small portion of the current is directed through the meter mechanism; a shunt in
parallel with the meter carries the major portion.

Ammeters vary in their operating principles and accuracies. The D’Arsonval-movement

ammeter measures direct current with accuracies of from 0.1 to 2.0 percent.
The electro-dynamic ammeter uses a moving coil rotating in the field produced by a
fixed coil. It measures direct and alternating current with accuracies of from 0.1 to 0.25
percent. In the thermal ammeter, used primarily to measure alternating current with
accuracies of from 0.5 to 3 percent, the measured current heats a thermo-converter
(thermocouple); the small voltage thus generated is used to power a
 8

millivoltmeter. Digital ammeters, with no moving parts, use a circuit such as the dual
slope integrator to convert a measured analogue(continuous) current to its digital
equivalent. Many digital ammeters have accuracies better than 0.1 percent.

2. Multimeter or Digital Voltmeter :

A voltmeter is one of the most useful devices for home electrical testing, when used
correctly. Before using a voltmeter for the first time, learn how to set the device
correctly, and test it out on a low-voltage circuit such as a household battery.

Set your device to measure voltage. Most voltage-measuring devices are actually
multimeters, which can test several aspects of electrical circuits. If your device has a
knob with several settings, set it to one of the following: To test the voltage of an AC
circuit, set the knob to V~, ACV, or VAC. Household circuits are almost always
Alternating Current.

To test voltage of a DC circuit, choose V–, V---, DCV, or VDC. Batteries and portable
electronics are typically Direct Current.
 9

Choose a range above the max expected voltage. Most voltmeters have several options
marked for voltage, so you can change your meter's sensitivity to get a good
measurement and avoid damaging the device. If your digital device has no range option,
it is "auto ranging" and should detect the correct range itself. Otherwise, follow these
guidelines: Choose a setting higher than the maximum expected voltage. If you have no
idea what to expect, choose the highest setting to avoid damaging the device. Household
batteries are usually labeled with the voltage, typically 9V or below.

Car batteries should be at approximately 12.6V when fully charged with the engine
off.[2]

Household outlets are typically 240 volts in most of the world, and 120 volts in the US
and some other countries.[3] mV stands for millivolt (1/1000 V), sometimes used to
indicate the lowest setting.

3 Insert the test leads. Your voltmeter should come with one black and one red test leads.
Each has a metal probe on one end, and a metal jack on the other that slots into the holes
in your voltmeter. Plug in the jacks as follows:[4] The black jack always plugs into the
hole labeled "COM." When measuring voltage, plug the red jack into the hole labeled V
(among other symbols). If there is no V, choose the hole with the lowest number, or mA.

Part 2 Measuring Voltage

1.
 10

Hold the probes safely. Do not touch the metal probes while connecting them to a
circuit. If the insulation looks worn or torn, wear electrically insulated gloves or
purchase replacement leads.

The two metal probes should never touch each other while they are connected to a
circuit, or severe sparking could result.

Touch the black test lead to one part of the circuit. Test circuits for voltage by attaching
the leads in parallel. In other words, you'll touch the probes to two points an already-
closed circuit, with current running through it.

On a battery, touch the black lead to the negative terminal.

In a wall outlet, touch the black lead into the neutral hole, which in the US is the larger
vertical hole, or the vertical hole on the left.[5]

Whenever possible, let go of the black test lead before moving on. Many black probes
have a small plastic bump that can stick into an outlet.
 11

Touch the red test lead to another point on the circuit. This will complete the parallel
circuit and cause the meter to display the voltage.

On a battery, touch the red lead to the positive terminal.

In a wall outlet, fit the red lead into the "hot" hole – in the US, this is the smaller,
vertical or the vertical hole on the right.[6]

Raise the range if you get an overload reading. Immediately raise the range to a higher
voltage setting if you get one of the following results, before your device is damaged:
Your digital display reads "OL," "overload," or "1."[7] Note that "1V" is a real reading,
and nothing to worry about. Your analog needle shoots to the other side of the scale.

Adjust the voltmeter if necessary. You may need to make adjustments if a digital
voltmeter display reads 0V or nothing at all, or if an analog voltmeter's needle has barely
moved. If there is still no reading, try the following in order:
 12

Make sure the test probes are both connected to the circuit. If you are measuring a DC
circuit and get no result, look for a small knob or switch on your device labeled DC+ and
DC- and move it to the other position.[8] If your device does not have this option,
reverse the positions of the black and red probes. Reduce the range by one setting.
Repeat if necessary until you get a real reading.

Read the voltmeter. A digital voltmeter will clearly display the voltage on its electronic
screen. An analog voltmeter is a little more complicated, but not too tough once you
learn the ropes. Continue reading for instructions.

Part 3 Reading an Analog Voltmeter

Find a voltage scale on the needle's dial. Choose one that matches the setting you chose
on your voltmeter's knob. If there is no exact match, read from a scale that's an easy
multiple of the setting.
 13

For example, if your voltmeter is set to DC 10V, look for a DC scale with a max reading
of 10. If this isn't available, find one with a max of 50.

Estimate the needle's position based on nearby numbers. This is a linear scale just like a
ruler. For instance, a needle pointing halfway between 30 and 40 indicates a reading of
35V.

Divide your answer if using a different scale. Skip this step if you are reading from a
scale that exactly matches your voltmeter's setting. Otherwise, correct for the difference
by dividing the printed scale's max value by your knob setting. Divide the number the
needle points to by your answer to get the actual voltage.

For example, if your voltmeter is set to 10V but you are reading off a 50V scale,
calculate 50 ÷ 10 = 5. If the needle is pointing at 35V, your actual result is 35 ÷ 5 = 7V.
 14

3 Tachometer

Photo Tachometer Measurements

1. Apply an appropriately sized square piece of reflective tape to the surface of the
object under test.

2. Move the Function switch to the PHOTO position.

3. Point the laser pointer end of the meter toward the device under test at a distance of 2"
to 79" (50 to 2000mm).

4. Press the Measure button (located on the right side of the meter) and align the laser
pointer beam with the reflective tape.

5. Verify that the Monitor Indicator appears on the upper left hand section of the LCD
when the object under test passes through the light beam.

6. Release the Measure button when the RPM reading stabilizes on the LCD.

7. If the rpm is under 50, apply additional squares of reflective tape. Divide the reading
shown on the display by the number of pieces of reflective tape squares to calculate the
actual rpm.
 P a g e | 15

Green University of Bangladesh

Faculty of Science and Engineering
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Program: B.Sc. Engg. in EEE
EEE 208 Energy Conversion Lab
Course Credit: 1.5, Prerequisite: EEE 203 & EEE 207

EXPERIMENT No.: 01

NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: STUDY OF A SINGLE-PHASE TRANSFORMER

AND DETERMINATION OF ITS TURNS RATIO.

OBJECTIVE:
 To determine the transformer turns ratio.

LEARNING OUTCOME:
 Student Will be able in determining the transformer turns ratio.

THEORY:
A transformer is a static device comprising coils coupled through a magnetic medium connecting
two ports at different or same voltage levels in an electric system allowing the interchange of
electrical energy between the ports in either direction via the magnetic field. The most important
tasks performed by transformers are:

(1). Changing voltage and current levels in electric power systems.

(2). Matching source and load impedances for maximum power transfer in electronic and
communication system.
(3). Electrical isolation (isolating one circuit from another).

A transformer, in its simplest form, consists essentially of two insulated windings interlinked by
a common or mutual magnetic field established in a core of magnetic material. When one of the
windings, termed the primary, is connected to an alternating voltage source, an alternating flux is
produced in the core with amplitude depending on the primary voltage and number of primary
turns. This mutual flux links the other windings, called the secondary. A voltage is induced in
this secondary and its magnitude will depend on the number of secondary turns. If the secondary
voltage is greater than the primary value, the transformer is called a step up transformer; if it is
less, it is known as a step down transformer; if primary and secondary voltages are equal, the
transformer is said to have a one-to-one ratio. One to one transformers are used to electrically
isolate two parts of a circuit. Any transformer may be used as a step up or step down depending
on the way it is connected. The turn ratio of a transformer is defined as
In this experiment, we shall determine the turn ratio of a power transformer.

N 1 E1 I 2
a  
N 2 E 2 I1
 P a g e | 16

APPARATUS:
1. Power Supply
2. Two ac voltmeters ( 0-300V, 0-300V )
3. Two ac ammeters ( 1.25A & 1.25A )
4. One single phase transformer
5. One resistive load
6. Wires & chords

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP:

I1 1 I2 3
A A

0-240V AC V1
Power supply V V V2
terminal 4 & N

2 5

Figure-1

I1 I2
A A

0-240V AC V1
V V2
Power supply V Load
terminal 4 & N

Figure - 2
 P a g e | 17

PROCEDURE:

Voltage Ratio:

1. Connect the ckt. shown in the figure 1

2. Turn on the power supply.
3. Gradually increase the voltage by varying the voltage control knob up to transformer
primary rated voltage. (Terminal 1-2)
4. Measure and record the secondary voltageV2.
5. Return the voltage to zero and turn off the power supply.
6. Find the turn ratio by using the formula

V1
a
V2
Current Ratio:

7. Connect the ckt. shown in the figure 2

8. Repeat the procedure step 2 and 3.
9. Gradually increase the load by varying the resistive load control knob up to transformer
rated current.
10. Measure and record I1 and I2.
11. Return the voltage to zero and turn off the power supply.
12. Find the turn ratio using the formula
I2
a
I1
REPORT:

1. Show all the data in tabular form.

2. Determine the turn ratio (a) of the transformer from the voltage and current readings using
the appropriate formula. Discuss the discrepancies, if any.
3. Which method of determining turn ratio is more accurate and why?
4. Define the terms ideal transformer, turn ratio, voltage transformation ratio, step up & step
down transformer.
5. Why transformers are rated in kVA instead of kW?
6. Draw the exact & approximate equivalent circuit of a transformer. Define all the parameters.
7. Draw the vector diagram of a real transformer for resistive, inductive and capacitive load.
 P a g e | 18

Green University of Bangladesh

Faculty of Science and Engineering
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Program: B.Sc. Engg. in EEE
EEE 208 Energy Conversion Lab
Course Credit: 1.5, Prerequisite: EEE 203 & EEE 207

EXPERIMENT NO.: 02
NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: STUDY OF THE VOLTAGE REGULATION OF A
SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER WITH RESISTIVE, INDUCTIVE AND CAPACITIVE
LOAD.

OBJECTIVES:

 To determine the voltage regulation of transformer with different type of load.

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
 Student will be able to calculate and measure the voltage regulation of
transformer with resistive, inductive and capacitive load.

THEORY:
The load on a large power transformer in a sub-station will vary from a very small value in the
early hours of the morning to a very high value during the heavy peaks of maximum industrial
and commercial activity. The transformer secondary voltage will vary somewhat with the load
and, because motors and incandescent lamps and heating devices are all quite sensitive to voltage
changes, transformer regulation is of considerable importance. The secondary voltage is also
dependent upon whether the power factor of the load is leading, lagging or unity. Therefore, it
should be known how the transformer will behave when it is located with a capacitive, an
inductive or a resistive load.

If a transformer were perfect (ideal) its windings would have no resistance. Furthermore, it
would require no reactive power (vars) to set up the magnetic field within it. Such a transformer
would have perfect regulation under all load conditions and the secondary voltage would remain
absolutely constant. But, practical transformers do have winding resistance and they do require
reactive power to produce their magnetic fields. The primary and secondary windings possess,
therefore, an overall resistance R and an overall reactance X. The equivalent circuit of a power
transformer having a turn ratio of 1 to 1, can be approximated by the circuit shown in figure 2.
The actual transformer terminals are 1, 2 on the primary side and 3, 5 on the secondary.
In between these terminals we have shown the transformer as being composed of a perfect
(ideal) transformer in series with an impedance consisting of R and X, which represents its
 P a g e | 19

imperfections. It is clear that if the primary voltage is held constant, then the secondary voltage
will vary with loading because of R and X.

An interesting feature arises with a capacitive load, because partial resonance is set up between
the capacitance and the reactance X so that the secondary voltage E2 may actually tend to rise as
the capacitive load value increases.

APPARATUS:
1. Power Supply Unit
2. Single phase transformer
3. AC Voltmeter (2 Nos.)
4. AC Ammeter (2 Nos.)
5. Resistive load
6. Inductive load
7. Capacitive load
8. Connecting wires

CONNECTION DIAGRAM:

I1 1 3 I2
A A

0-240V AC
V1 V2
Power supply V V
terminal 4 & N

2 5

FIGURE - 1
 P a g e | 20

PROCEDURE:
1. Connect the Ckt. Shown in FIGURE - 1.
2. Turn on the power supply.
3. Gradually increase the voltage up to rated voltage.
4. Gradually provide load on transformer until rated primary current flows through the
ammeter.
5. Measure and record Primary voltage (V1), Primary current (I1), Secondary voltage (V2)
and secondary current (I2).
6. Record 5/6 sets of data.
7. Return the voltage to zero and turn off the power supply.
8. Repeat all the procedure for inductive and capacitive load.

VNL - VFL
Voltage Regulation = -----------------------
VFL
Calculate voltage regulation for (1) Resistive loading (2) Inductive Loading (3) Capacitive
Loading individually.

Is the voltage regulation is negative for capacitive loading?

If your answer is yes, explain why?

REPORT:
1. Show all the data in tabular form.
2. Calculate the voltage regulation of a single phase transformer for resistive, Inductive and
Capacitive load.
3. Explain why the regulation of transformer is negative for capacitive load.
 P a g e | 21

Green University of Bangladesh

Faculty of Science and Engineering
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Program: B.Sc. Engg. in EEE
EEE 208 : Energy Conversion Lab
Course Credit: 1.5, Prerequisite: EEE 203 & EEE 207

EXPERIMENT NO.: 03

NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: DETERMINATION OF THE APPROXIMATE

EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT PARAMETERS OF A SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER, BY OPEN
CIRCUIT AND SHORT CIRCUIT TEST.
OBJECTIVES:
 To perform the no-load/ open circuit and short circuit tests.
 To calculate the transformer’s equivalent circuit parameters.

LEARNING OUTCOME: After completing this experiment the students will be able to:
 Understand the no-load/open circuit and short circuit tests.
 Know how to calculate the transformer’s equivalent circuit parameters.

THEORY:
The approximate equivalent circuit of a transformer is given in the following figure. The various
parameters of this circuit can be determined by open circuit and short circuit test. Various
performance characteristics (such as regulation, efficiency) can be determined with the help of
this circuit without actually loading the transformer. This experiment is designed to perform the
open circuit and short circuit test. Obtained results will be compared with those from theoretical
calculations.

R01 X01

ro Xm

FIG: EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT

 P a g e | 22

APPARATUS:

(1) Power Supply .

(2) AC Voltmeter (0-250V)
(3) AC Ammeter (0-1.5A)
(4) Single Phase wattmeter.

PROCEDURE:

(1) Open Circuit Test: Complete connections as shown in the experimental setup. Apply
rated voltage to across the terminal 1 and terminal 2 of the transformer. Note the
readings of the ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter.

Woc
IOC 1 3
CC A
S V P1 S1
Rated
U A HT SIDE
Voltage PC
P R V VOC OPEN
P I CIRCUIT
L
A S7
Y P2
C
2 5

FIG: OPEN CIRCUIT TEST

 P a g e | 23

(2) Short Circuit Test: Complete connections as shown in the experimental setup.
Gradually apply voltage across the terminal 1 and terminal 2 of the transformer unit
rated current flows through the ammeter. Quickly take the readings of the ammeter,
voltmeter and wattmeter.

Wsc
IsC 1 3
CC A
S V
S1 P1
U A LT SIDE
Rated PC
P R V VsC SHORT
Current
P I CIRCUIT
L
A S7 P2
Y
C
2 5

FIG: SHORT CIRCUIT TEST

DATA TABLE:

Nameplate data of the transformer:

KVA rating Voltage rating

Data for open circuit test (referred to LT Data for short circuit test (referred to HT
side): side):

Input power (Woc), watts = Input power (Wsc), watts =

Input current (Ioc), amps = Input current (Isc), amps =
Input power (Voc), volts = Input power (Vsc), volts =
 P a g e | 24

CALCULATIONS:

(1) Core loss, W = W watt

(2) Core loss resistance (referred to the HT side):
(3) Magnetizing resistance (referred to HT side):
(4) Copper loss,
(5) Equivalent resistance,
(6) Equivalent resistance

REPORT:

(1) Determine the equivalent circuit parameters of the transformer from the test data.
(2) What are the approximations of the short and the open circuit tests?
(3) Why open circuit test is performed in the high tension side whereas short circuit test is
performed in the low tension side?
(4) Draw the exact and approximate equivalent circuit of a transformer. Define all the
parameters.
(5) Draw the vector diagram of a real transformer for resistive, inductive and capacitive load.
 P a g e | 25

Green University of Bangladesh

Faculty of Science and Engineering
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Program: B.Sc. Engg. in EEE
EEE 208 Energy Conversion Lab
Course Credit: 1.5, Prerequisite: EEE 203 & EEE 207

EXPERIMENT NO.: 04

NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: DETERMINATION OF STARTING TORQUE AND

LOADING CHARACTERISTICS OF A SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR.

OBJECTIVES:
 To determine the torque and loading characteristics of a capacitor start motor.
 To determine the torque vs. speed curve.
 To observe the speed by changing load.
 To examine the construction of capacitor-start and capacitor-run motors;
 To determine their running and starting characteristics and compare them with
each other and with the Characteristics of split-phase motor.

THEORY:
When the split-phase rotating field was described it was stated that the different resistance
reactance ratio of the two windings was designed to give the difference in time phase of the
currents in the windings necessary to produce a rotating magnetic field.

In two phase machines, when the windings are identical but displaced in space by 90 o, the ideal
time phase displacement of the winding currents is 90o.

For both two phase and split phase motors the torque developed at starting can be calculated
using the relationship.

T= kI1I2Sinα

Where k is a machine constant, 11 and 12 are the currents in the windings, and α is the angle
between the currents.

Because of the small magnitude of α in the split phase machine the developed torque is relatively
low. It is possible to increase α by adding capacitance in series with the auxiliary winding.
 P a g e | 26

APPARATUS:

Serial Name Ratings quantity

No.

1 Power Supply {(0-240/415V)-5A}AC 1

2 Single phase capacitor 230V, 360W, 50Hz 205A, 1

start motor

3 Electrodynamometer Torque (0.2-3.2)N.M Speed (250- 1

4000)rpm

4 Digital Techo-meter Photo type, (0.1 rpm-5~999.9 rpm) & (1 1

rpm-1000~99999 rpm)

5 Watt-meter 240V, 5A 1

6 Analog AC Ammeter (0-5)A 1

7 Analog AC Voltmeter (0-150)V 1

8 Connecting lead 5A As required

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Capacitor Start Motor

Watt meter 5A Main Winding

cc A
pc Electro dynamo Meter
240 V AC V
250V
Auxiliary Winding

0-240 V DC
Fig: 1
 P a g e | 27

Capacitor Start Motor

Electrodyanamometer
Main Winding

Auxiliary Winding

240 V DC 0-240 V DC

Fig: 2
PROCEDURE:

(1) Couple the electro-dynamo-meter with capacitor starts motor.

(2) Connect the Circuit shown in figure 1
(3) Turn on the power supply.
(4) Gradually increase the load by varying voltage control knob of the power
supply and fill up the table 1
(5) Return the voltage to zero and turn off the power supply.
(6) Connect the Circuit shown in figure -2
(7) Turn on the power supply and quickly increase voltage up to 150 volt ac
(8) Quickly measure and record the torque
(9) Turn of the power supply
(10) Calculate the starting torque developed by the motor when supplied with 240
V ac by using following formula

V1 2 T1
V2 2 T2
 P a g e | 28

DATA TABLE:

Torque Input Current (Amp) Power (Watt) Speed (rpm)

0.0 Nm
0.2 Nm
0.3 Nm
0.4 Nm
0.5 Nm
0.6 Nm
0.7 Nm
0.8 Nm
0.9 Nm
1.0 Nm
Table-1
REPORT:

(1) Draw all the connection diagram

(2) Show all the recorded data in tabular form
(3) Plot torque vs speed curve on the graph paper
(4) Calculate starting torque at 240 volt

Quiz:
1. What is capacitor start motor?
2. How does it work?
3. Why capacitor is required in a capacitor start motor?
 P a g e | 29

Green University of Bangladesh

Faculty of Science and Engineering
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Program: B.Sc. Engg. in EEE
EEE 208 Energy Conversion Lab
Course Credit: 1.5, Prerequisite: EEE 203 & EEE 207

EXPERIMENT NO. : 05
NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: SPEED CONTROL OF A DC SHUNT MOTOR
AND OBSERVATION OF THE EXISTENCE OF BACK EMF.

OBJECTIVES:
 To learn about the DC Shunt Motor
 To observe the change of speed by varying field current, armature current and voltage.
 To know about the existence of back emf.
THEORY:
Speed of a DC motor may be given by the following equation
N= K ( V-IaRa)/φ r.p.m ………………………(1)
Where
V= applied terminal voltage
Ia= armature current
Ra= armature resistance
Φ = field flux
K= a constant which depends on the winding and construction of the
Motor
Therefore speed of a DC shunt motor can be varied by the following methods:

1) Flux Control Method:

Equation 01 describes an inverse relationship between speed and flux. So by decreasing the field
flux of a DC shunt motor, by inserting resistance in the field circuit, speed can be increased
above the base speed.

2) Terminal Voltage Control Method:

By applying a variable DC voltage across the motor terminals, speed can be varied below or
above the base speed.

3) Armature Current Control Method:

In this method armature current Ia is varied by applying variable DC voltage across the armature.
The relationship of armature current and speed would be proportional.

In this experiment armature current control method will be accomplished. In excess, the
existence of back EMF will also be observed through a simple test.

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APPARATUS:

Serial Name Ratings Quantity

No.
1 Power Supply {(0-240)V- 5A}DC, 1

2 DC Motor 240W,1500rpm,200V, 1.25A 1

Digital Tacho-meter Photo type, (0.1 rpm-5~999.9 rpm) & (1
rpm-1000~99999 rpm) 1
3 Analog DC (0-5)A 2
Ammeter
4 Analog DC (0-300)V 1
Voltmeter
5 Connecting lead 5A As
required

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Figure1: Circuit diagram of DC Shunt Motor

Figure 2: Circuit diagram for existence back emf

Page 30 of 4
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PROCEDURE:

Flux Control Method:

1) Connect the Ckt. Shown in figure 1.

2) Keep the field Rheostat control knob at it minimum position for minimum resistance.
3) Turn on the power supply.
4) Gradually increase the voltage up to motor rated voltage.
5) Measure and record the motor speed and field current by varying field rheostat.
6) Take 5 sets of data (speed vs field current) by varying the field rheostat.
7) Return the field Rheostat control knob at it previous position gradually.
8) Return the voltage to zero and turn off the power supply.

Voltage Control Method:

1) Gradually increase DC voltage up to motor rated voltage. Measure and record 5 sets
of data (speed vs voltage)
2) Return the voltage to zero and turn on the power supply.

Armature Current Control Method:

1) Connect the Ckt. Shown in Figure - 2.
2) Turn on the power supply; gradually increase armature voltage up to motor rated
voltage.
3) Measure and record 5 sets of data (Armature current Ia vs motor speed).

4) Open the switch and observe what happened.

5) Return the voltage to zero and turn off the power supply.

Page 31 of 4
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DATA TABLES:

Sl. No. Field current, IF Speed(rpm)

1
2
3
4
5

Table 1: Data table for field current control method

Sl. No. Terminal Voltage, VT Speed(rpm)

1
2
3
4
5

Table 2: Data table for terminal voltage control method

Sl. No. Armature current, IA Speed (rpm)

1
2
3
4
5
Table 3: Data table for armature current control method

REPORTS:
1. Plot N vs If and N vs Voltage curve on the graph paper.
2. Why speed control of dc shunt motor is necessary?
3. Comment on the merits and demerits of various methods of speed control of a DC shunt
motor,
4. How do you proof of the existence of back emf ?
5. How can the speed of a shunt dc motor be controlled?
6. What is the practical difference between a separately excited and a shunt dc motor?
7. What is the feasible method for speed control of dc shunt motor.

Page 32 of 4
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Green University of Bangladesh

Faculty of Science and Engineering
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Program: B.Sc. Engg. in EEE
EEE 208 Energy Conversion Lab
Course Credit: 1.5, Prerequisite: EEE 203 & EEE 207

EXPERIMENT No.: 06

NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: TORQUE VS SPEED CHARACTERISTICS OF A

DC SHUNT MOTOR AND CALCULATE THE EFFICIENCY.

OBJECTIVES:
 To determine the torque vs. speed characteristics of a dc shunt motor.
 To determine the efficiency of a dc shunt motor.
 To observe the speed by changing load.

THEORY:
The speed of the shunt motor mainly depends on armature voltage and shunt field flux. The
armature and shunt field connected parallel of a DC shunt motor. Due to armature winding
resistance the speed of the DC shunt motor decrease with loading. If the armature winding
resistance of a DC shunt motor is zero, the motor run constant speed with loaded condition also.
But in practical case armature winding resistance zero is not possible.

Page 33 of 3
 P a g e | 34

APPARATUS:

Serial No. Name Ratings Quantity

1 Power Supply (240V-5A)DC, {(0-240)V- 5A}DC 1

2 DC Motor 240W,1500rpm,200V, 1.25A 1

3 Electrodynamometer Torque (0.2-3.2)N.M Speed(250-4000)rpm 1

4 Digital Techo-meter Photo type, (0.1 rpm-5~999.9 rpm) & (1 rpm- 1

1000~99999 rpm)

5 Analog DC Ammeter (0-5)A 1

6 Analog DC Voltmeter (0-300)V 1

7 Connecting wire As
required

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Armature

Electro dynamo meter

A Shunt Field
V
240V DC
Power Supply terminal 7&N
0-240V DC
Power Supply terminal 8 &N

Figure -1

Page 34 of 3
 P a g e | 35

PROCEDURE:

(1) Couple the DC Motor with Electrodynamometer

(2) Connect the Circuit shown in figure 1
(3) Turn on the power supply
(4) Set the motor speed at it rated by varying field rheostat
(5) Gradually increase the load on the motor by increasing voltage control knob of the power
supply and fill up the table 1
(6) Return the voltage to zero and turn off the power supply

DATA TABLE:

Torque Voltage Current Input power Speed Output power

(V) (A) P = VI (rpm) P= τω
0.2 Nm
0.3 Nm
0.4 Nm
0.5 Nm
0.6 Nm
0.7 Nm
0.8 Nm
0.9 Nm
1.0 Nm
Table – 1

REPORT:

(1) Show all the data in tabular form

(2) Calculate output power by using P= τω
(3) Calculate motor efficiency from output and input power

Page 35 of 3
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Green University of Bangladesh

Faculty of Science and Engineering
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Program: B.Sc. Engg. in EEE
EEE 208 Energy Conversion Lab
Course Credit: 1.5, Prerequisite: EEE 203 & EEE 207

EXPERIMENT NO. : 07

NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: NO LOAD AND LOADING CHARACTERISTICS

OF A SELF EXCITED DC SHUNT GENERATOR.

OBJECTIVES:
 To learn about the DC Shunt Generator.
 To observe no load and loading characteristics of this Generator.
 To observe the change of induced voltage by varying field current and load
current.

THEORY:
The separately-excited generator has many applications. However, it does have the disadvantage
that a separate direct current power source is needed to excite the shunt field. This is costly and
sometimes inconvenient; and the self-excited DC generator is often more suitable.

In a self-excited generator, the field winding is connected to the generator output. It may be
connected across the output, in series with the output, or a combination of the two. The way in
which the field is connected (shunt, series or compound) determines many of the generator’s
characteristics.

All of the above generators can have identical construction. Self-excitation is possible because of
the residual magnetism in the stator pole pieces. As the armature rotates, a small voltage in
induced across its windings. When the field winding is connected in parallel (shunt) with the
armature a small field current is flowing in the proper direction, the residual magnetism will be
reinforced which further increases the armature voltage and thus, a rapid voltage build-up occurs.

If the field current flows in the wrong direction, the residual magnetism will be reduced and
voltage build-up cannot occur. In this case, interchanging the shunt field leads will correct the
situation or reverse the direction of rotation of the prime mover. It is the purpose of this
Experiment to show these major points.
 P a g e | 37

APPARATUS:

Serial Name Ratings Quantity

No.
1 Power Supply ,(240/415V-10A)AC, 1
2 DC Generator 150W, 1500rpm, 150V, 0.75A 1
3 Three phase Squirrel 4 pole, 360W, 415V, 0.7A, 50 Hz, 1400 rpm 1
Cage Induction Motor
4 Digital Techo-meter Photo type, (0.1 rpm-5~999.9 rpm) & (1 1
rpm-1000~99999 rpm)
5 Analog DC Ammeter (0-5)A 2
6 Analog DC Voltmeter (0-300)V 1
7 Connecting lead 5A As
required
8 Coupling Belt 1

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

3φ Squirrel Cage Induction Motor DC Motor/ Generator

Armature

Fixed 3φ AC
Supply

Power Supply
Shunt field Field Rehostat
Terminals 1,2 & 3
A

V
V

A IL

Figure - 1
 P a g e | 38

PROCEDURE:
1. Couple the squirrel cage induction motor with DC motor/Generator.
2. Connect the Ckt. Shown in Figure – 1.
3. Keep the field rheostat control knob at it maximum position for maximum resistance.
(Full cw position)
4. Turn on the power supply.
5. Record the DC voltmeter data.
6. Gradually rotted the field rheostat control knob that the value of resistance decrees.
7. Measure and record 8 sets of data by varying field rheostat control knob (field current vs
terminal voltage).
Note:- if voltage do not belt interchange the shunt field leads or reverse the direction of
rotation of the prime mover.
8. Carefully adjust the field rheostat that the DC voltmeter show the generator rated voltage.
9. Gradually provide electrical load on the Generator by varying the resistive load control
knob up to generator rated current.
10. Measure and record 8 sets of data (IL vs V).
11. Turn off the power supply.

DATA TABLES:
Sl. No. Field current, IF Induced voltage, V0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Table: 1

Sl. No. Load current, IL Terminal voltage, VT

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Table: 2
 P a g e | 39

REPORT:

1. Plot OCC curve from Table 1.

2. Plot loading characteristics curve from Table 2.
3. Calculate the voltage regulation of the self-excited DC Shunt Generator.
4. What is the critical resistance of dc shunt generator?
5. What is the use of magnetization curve of dc shunt generator?
6. Can a shunt generator built up its voltage without residual magnetism?
7. Why Saturation Curve for the DC Generator does not start with zero?
 P a g e | 40

Green University of Bangladesh

Faculty of Science and Engineering
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Program: B.Sc. Engg. in EEE
EEE 208 Energy Conversion Lab
Course Credit: 1.5, Prerequisite: EEE 203 & EEE 207

EXPERIMENT: 08
NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: NO LOAD AND LOADING CHARACTERISTICS
OF THREE-PHASE ALTERNATOR.

OBJECTIVES:
 To observe the loading and no load characteristics of three-phase synchronous
alternator.
 To determine the relation between field current and induced voltage
 To observe the change in terminal voltage by using different kinds of load.

THEORY:

The terms alternating current generator, Synchronous generator, Synchronous alternator and
alternator are commonly used interchangeably in engineering literature. Because Synchronous
generators are so much more commonly used than induction generators, the term alternator, as
often used, applies only to Synchronous generators.

Alternators are, by far, the most important source of electric energy. Alternators generate an AC
voltage whose frequency depends entirely upon the speed of rotation. The generated voltage
value depends upon the speed, the DC field excitation and the power factor of the load.

As the DC field excitation of an alternator is increased, its speed being held constant, the
magnetic flux and hence, the output voltage will also increase in direct proportion to the current.
However, with progressive increases in DC field current, the flux will eventually reach a high
enough value to saturate the iron in the alternator.

Saturation in the iron means that there will be a smaller increase in flux for a given increase in
DC field current. Because the generated voltage is directly related to the magnetic flux intensity,
it can be used as a measure of the degree of saturation.

Page 40 of 4
 P a g e | 41

The three-phase of the alternator are mechanically spaced at equal intervals from each other, and
therefore, the respective generated voltages are not in phase, but are displaced from each other
by 120 electrical degrees.

When an alternator delivering full rated output voltage is suddenly subjected to a short-circuit,
very large currents will initially flow. However, these large short-circuit currents drop off rapidly
to save values if the short-circuit is maintained.

APPARATUS:

Serial No. Name Ratings Quantity

1 Power Supply {(0-240)V- 5A}DC, (240/415V- 1
10A)AC
2 Synchronous Generator 140VA, 415V, 0.2A, Three phase, 50
Hz, 1500 rpm 1
5 Three phase Squirrel Cage 4 pole, 360W, 415V, 0.7A, 50 Hz, 1
Induction Motor 1400 rpm
10 Inductive load 432VAR, 240V, 50Hz, Accuracy +- 1
10%
11 Resistive load 446W, 240V, 50Hz, Accuracy +- 1
10%
12 Capacitive load 432Var, 240V, 50Hz, Accuracy +- 1
10%
13 Digital Techo-meter Photo type, (0.1 rpm-5~999.9 rpm) & 1
(1 rpm-1000~99999 rpm)
16 Analog AC Ammeter (0-5)A 1
17 Analog DC Ammeter (0-5)A 1

18 Analog AC Voltmeter (0-150)V 1

19 Analog DC Voltmeter (0-300)V 1

20 Connecting lead 5A As
required

Page 41 of 4
 P a g e | 42

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

3φ Squirrel Cage Induction I1

Motor A
V

Fixed 3φ AC
Supply A I2

Power
Supply
Terminals
1,2 & 3 0-200V

3φ resistive load Figure - 1

PROGRAM PLAN:
1. Couple the Synchronous motor with Squirrel cage induction motor by belt.
2. Connect the ckt. shown in Figure - 1
3. Set the voltage control knob at it full counter clockwise position.
4. Set the resistive load knob at it off position
5. Turn on the power supply.
6. Measure and record Generator terminal voltage when I2 = 0
7. Gradually increases the DC voltage by varying the voltage control knob up to the
voltmeter indicate its rated voltage.
8. Measure and Record the V0 and I2 and record 6/8 sets of data I2 (field current) vs V0 (No
load voltage).
9. Provide balance load on generator by varying loading control knob up to near about
generator rated current.
10. Measure and Record the I1 and VL
11. Return the voltage to zero and turn off the power supply.
12. Repeat the procedure 9 to 11 for inductive load and capacitive load.

Page 42 of 4
 P a g e | 43

DATA TABLE:

Sl. No. Field current, IF Induced Voltage, VO

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

REPORT:
1. Draw a curve I2 vs V
2. Why voltage is decreases for resistive and inductive load.
3. Why voltage is increases for capacitive load.

Page 43 of 4
 P a g e | 44

Green University of Bangladesh

Faculty of Science and Engineering
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Program: B.Sc. Engg. in EEE
EEE 208 Energy Conversion Lab
Course Credit: 1.5, Prerequisite: EEE 203 & EEE 207

EXPERIMENT No.: 09

NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: DETERMINATION OF ALTERNATOR

EFFICIENCY BY RATED MOTOR METHOD.

OBJECTIVES:
 To learn about test on synchronous generator (alternator) to determine the performance
characteristics.
 To conduct test on synchronous motor to draw the performance curves.

THEORY:
The efficiency of an alternator can be determined conventionally from the following relationship,

Output * 100
% efficiency = __________________________
Output + w + W + Wi + mIR + W

Where,
w= Friction and windage loss
W= Core loss at the excitation required to give a terminal voltage equal to the calculated terminal
voltage.
Wi= Field and field rheostat losses.
I= Armature current per phase.
R= DC resistance of the armature in ohms.
m=No. of phases
W= Stray load loss.
The preceding losses must correspond to the value of the output assumed. Several methods are in
use to determine the losses of an alternator and in this experiment rated motor method of
determining losses will be performed.

In the rated motor method the generator is driven at rated speed by a motor of known efficiency.
In our experiment we shall assume the motor driving the generator has an efficiency of 85%. All
necessary data and curves can be obtained from the tests specified in the procedure.

APPARATUS:
Serial No. Name Ratings quantity

1 Power Supply {(0-240)V- 5A}DC 1

2 Synchronous 140VA, 415V, 0.2A, Three phase, 50
Generator Hz, 1500 rpm 1
3 DC Motor 240W,1500rpm,200V, 1.25A 1
4 Digital Techo-meter Photo type, (0.1 rpm-5~999.9 rpm) & (1
rpm-1000~99999 rpm) 1
5 Watt-meter 240V, 5A 1
6 Rheostat (0-1000)Ω, 5A 2
7 Analog AC Ammeter (0-5)A 1
8 Analog DC Ammeter (0-5)A 1
9 Analog AC Voltmeter (0-150)V 1
10 Analog DC Voltmeter (0-300)V 1
11 Switch SPST,DPST, TEST 3
12 Wire As required

Page 44 of 3
 P a g e | 45

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
.

2
3

.
8

7
6

PROCEDURE:
Test 1: Friction and windage Loss

* Start the motor and run at rated speed of the alternator (1000 rpm)
* Don’t excite the alternator.
* Measure motor input voltage (V) and current (I)
* Friction and Windage loss=VI*Efficiency of motor

Test 2: Core loss and O.C.C. curve

* Excite the alternator with terminals open.
* Measure:
1) Motor V.I.
2) Alternator I, V for different values of I
* Core Loss= (VI-VI test1) * Efficiency of motor.
* Always check and adjust the speed.

Test 3: Stray power loss.

* Keep the excitation at minimum
* Short circuit the alternator
* Measure:
1) Motor V, I
2) Alternator I, V for different values of I, by varying excitation.
* Note I at rated I
* Stray power loss=(VI=VI test)* eff. of motor-mI. R.
* Check and adjust the speed continuously.

Test 4: Zero p.f characteristic curve.

* Connect a three-phase inductor bank as the alternator load.
* Vary I and L simultaneously so that rated current I flows. Carry out this test at half the
rated current if it is not possible to do so at the rated current. Then zero p.f characteristic at rated
current can be obtained by Potier triangle method.

Test 5: Measure dc:resistance of the armature of the alternator.

Page 45 of 3
 P a g e | 46

REPORT:
1. Plot O.C.C
2. Plot zero p.f. characteristic curve at rated current.
3. Plot the core loss vs V curve.
4. Plot the stray power loss vs I curve
5. Determine the efficiency of the alternator at rated KVA load and 80% p.f lagging.
6. Discussion.

REFERENCE:
ALTERNATING CURRENT MACHINERY-Puchstein and Lioyd.

Page 46 of 3
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Green University of Bangladesh

Faculty of Science and Engineering
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Program: B.Sc. Engg. in EEE
EEE 208 Energy Conversion Lab
Course Credit: 1.5, Prerequisite: EEE 203 & EEE 207

EXPERIMENT NO.: 10

NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: TO DETERMINE THE ‘V’ CURVE OF A

SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR AND OBSERVATION OF THE POWER FACTOR
CORRECTION.

OBJECTIVES:
 To determine the V curve of synchronous motor.
 To observe the power factor correction of synchronous motor.
 To know about the relation of armature current and field current.

THEORY:
You have learned that positive reactive power is needed to create the magnetic field in an
alternating current motor. This reactive power has the disadvantage of producing a low power
factor. Low power factors are undesirable for several reasons. Generators, Transformers and
supply circuits are limited in rating by their current carrying capacities. This means that the
kilowatt load that they can deliver is directly proportional to the power factor of the loads that
they supply. For example, a system can deliver only 70% of the kilowatt load at 0.7 power factor
that it can deliver at unity power factor.

The Synchronous motor requires considerable reactive power when it operates at no-load without
any DC excitation to the rotor. It acts like a three-phase inductance load on the power line. When
the rotor is excited, it will produce some of the magnetism in the motor with the result that the
stator has no supply less, and the reactive power drawn from the power line decreases. If the
rotor is excited until it produces all the magnetism, the power line will only have no supply
active power to the stator, and the power factor will be unity. As far as the power line is
connected, the Synchronous motor now looks like a three-phase resistance load.

If the rotor is excited still further, tending to create more magnetism than the motor needs, then
the power line starts supplying negative reactive power to the stator in its attempt to keep the
total flux constant. But negative reactive power corresponds to a capacitor, and the Synchronous
motor now looks like a three-phase capacitance load to the power line.

Page 47 of 3
 P a g e | 48

An no-load, the Synchronous motor has the property of acting like a variable inductor/ variable
capacitor, the value of reactance (XL or XC ) being determined by the amount of DC current
flowing in the rotor.

A Synchronous motor when used on the same power system with induction motors improves the
overall system power factor.

APPARATUS:

Serial Name Ratings Quantity

No.
1 Power Supply (240V-5A)DC, {(0-240)V- 5A}DC 1
2 Synchronous Motor 240W, 415V, 0.2A, Three phase, 50Hz, 1500 1
rpm
3 Digital Techo-meter Photo type, (0.1 rpm-5~999.9 rpm) & (1 rpm-
1000~99999 rpm) 1
4 Power factor meter 440V, 5A 1
4 Analog AC Ammeter (0-5)A 1
5 Analog DC Ammeter (0-5)A 1
6 Analog AC Voltmeter (0-150)V 1
7 Analog DC Voltmeter (0-300)V 1

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

I1
A
3φ AC V
PS
termina
l 1,2,3 A I2

0-200V DC
Power
supply 8,N
Figure - 1

Page 48 of 3
 P a g e | 49

PROCEDURE:
1. Connect the Ckt. Shown in Figure - 1
2. Keep the voltage control knob of the power supply at full counter clockwise position.
3. Turn on the power supply.
4. Gradually increases the DC voltage and record 6/7 sets of data I F and IS
5. When IS minimum measure and record the IF and IS.
6. Return the voltage to zero and turn of the power supply.
DATA TABLE:

Sl. No. Field current, IF Supply current, IS

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

REPORT:

1. Show all the recorded data in tabular form.

2. Draw a smooth curve on graph paper by using the data table.
3. Why almost all large size Synchronous machines are constructed with rotating field
system type?
4. What do you mean by synchronous motor excitation?
5. How can improve power factor by using synchronous motor?

Page 49 of 3