Scribd
Upload
57 views

Phonetic

Phonetic and Phonology

Uploaded by

Bùi Đức Dũng - 07
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
57 views

Phonetic

Phonetic and Phonology

Uploaded by

Bùi Đức Dũng - 07
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

1.

Minimal pairs
Minimal pairs Words - Phoneme Minimal Pairs Words - Phoneme Minimal Pairs Words - Phoneme
/əʊ/ - /aʊ/ know now /f/ - /v/ fan van /v/ - /w/ vow wow
/ɒ/ - /ɔ:/ cot caught /f/ - /h/ fat hat /t/ - /d/ to do
/æ/ - /ɑ:/ had hard /f/ - /θ/ free three /k/ - /g/ came game
/ɑ:/ - /ɜ:/ fast first /s/ - /θ/ sink think /f/ - /p/ fast past
/æ/ - /e/ bad bed /ð/ - /z/ clothe - close /k/ - /g/ back bag
/ɒ/ - /əʊ/ not note /ʤ/ - /z/ page pays /m/ - /n/ am an
/əʊ/ - /ɔ:/ so saw /d/ - /ʤ/ bad badge /t/ - /d/ hat had
/æ/ - /ʌ/ bat but /f/ - /p/ beef - beep /s/ - /z/ bus buzz
/e/ - /eɪ/ wet wait /kw/ - /k/ quick kick /ŋk/ and /ŋ/ think thing
/e/ - /ɪ/ desk disk /tʃ/ - /dʒ/ cheap jeep /ʧ/ - /t/ catch cat
/ɪ/ - /i:/ sit seat /tʃ/ - /ʃ/ chair share /s/ - /ʃ/ sock - shock
/b/ - /v/ ban – van /d/ - /ð/ dough though /h/ - /r/ hat rat
/b/ - /p/ big - pig /t/ - /θ/ tree three /g/ - /w/ get - wet
/n/ - /ŋ/ thin thing /ʤ/ - /j/ jaw your /r/ - /w/ rich which
/l/ - /r/ alive arrive

2. Sounds with different letters


Sound Letters - Phoneme Sounds Letters - Phoneme Sounds Letters - Phoneme
s
1. /p/ p, pp 9. /d/ d, dd, ed 17. /ɪə/ ear, eer, ere, (ea)
people, puppy daddy, dig

2. /t/ t, tt, ed 10. /g/ g, gg, gh are, ai(r), ear


18. /eə/
tea, cooked game, ghost, doggy
3. /k/ c, k, ck, ch 11. /v/ v, ph oo, u, ew, o, ue, ou
19. /u:/
come, kick, check vet, Stephen
4. /f/ f, ff, ph, gh 12. /z/ s, z 20. /eɪ/ a, ai, ay, ay, eigh, ea
five, phone
5. /s/ s, c, ss, sc 13. /ð/ th 21. /ɑ:/ ar, a, (au, ear, uar)
sea, scene, cite

6. /ʃ/ sh, ti, ss, ci, ch 14. /ʒ/ si, s, g 22. /e/ e, ea, (ay, a, ai, ie)
she, ambitious

7. /tʃ/ ch, t, tch 15. /i:/ ee, ea, ie, ei 23. /əʊ/ o, ow, oa, ou(gh), (oe)
church, lecture, catch

8. /b/ b, bb 24. /ɒ/ o, a


16. /ʌ/ u, o, ou
boy, bubble
3. Special stress and -ed
abstract ‘abstract ab‘stract import ‘import im‘port produce ‘produce pro‘duce
/ˈæb.strækt/ /ˈɪm.pɔːrt/ /prəˈduːs/
conduct ‘conduct con‘duct insult ‘insult in‘sult protest ‘protest pro‘test
/kənˈdʌkt/ /ˈɪn.sʌlt/ /ˈproʊ.test/
contract ‘contract con‘tract object ‘object ob‘ject rebel ‘rebel re‘bel
/ˈkɑːn.trækt/ /ˈɑːb.dʒɪkt/ /ˈreb.əl/
contrast ‘contrast con‘trast perfect ‘perfect per‘fect record ‘record re‘cord
/ˈkɑːn.træst/ /ˈpɝː.fekt/ /rɪˈkɔːrd/
desert ‘desert de‘sert permit ‘permit per‘mit subject ‘subject sub‘ject
/ˈdez.ɚt/ /pɚˈmɪt/ /ˈsʌb.dʒekt/
escort ‘escort es‘cort present ‘present pre‘sent produce ‘produce pro‘duce
/esˈkɔːrt/ /ˈprez.ənt/ /prəˈduːs/
abstract ‘abstract ab‘stract import ‘import im‘port protest ‘protest pro‘test
/ˈæb.strækt/ /ˈɪm.pɔːrt/ /ˈproʊ.test/

naked (id) /ˈneɪkɪd/ wretched (id) /ˈretʃɪd/ blessed (t) /ˈblest/ crooked (id) /ˈkrʊkɪd/
wicked (id) /ˈwɪkɪd/ rugged (id) /ˈrʌɡɪd/ cursed (t) /kɜːst/ crooked (t) /ˈkrʊkt/
beloved (d) /bɪˈlʌvd/ ragged (id) /ˈræɡɪd/ cursed (id) /ˈkɜːsɪd/ used (t) /juːst/
sacred (id) /ˈseɪkrɪd/ dogged (id) /ˈdɒɡɪd/ crabbed (id) /ˈkræbɪd/ used (d) /juːsd/
hatred (id) /ˈheɪtrɪd/ blessed (id) /ˈblesɪd/ crabbed (d) /kræbd/ aged (id) /ˈeɪdʒɪd/

4. Assimilation
Alveolar /t, d, n/ + Bilabial /m, b, p/ -> bilabial
/t/ + /m, b, p/ => /p/
/d/ + /m, b, p/ => /b/
/n/ + /m, b, p/ => /m/

Alveolar /t, d, n / + Velar /k, g/ -> velar


/t/ + /k/ or /g/ => /k/
/d/ + /k/ or /g/ => /g/
/n/ + /k / or /g/ => /ŋ/

Alveolar /t, d, n / + dental /ð, θ/ -> dentalized


geT There /get ðeə/ -> /geðeə/ teNTH /tenθ/ -> /teθ/
baD Thing / bæd θɪŋ/ -> / bæθɪŋ/

Alveolar /t, d, n / + palato-alveolar or palatal /ʃ, /≥ʒ, j/ -> palato-alveolar or palatal


/s/ or /z/ + /ʃ/ => /ʃ/ /d/ or /dz/ + /j/ => /dʒ/ /z/ + /j/ => /ʒ/
/s/ + /j/ => /ʃ/ /t/ + /j/ => /tʃ/

Plosive /t, d/ + fricative /s, z/ -> fricative


/t/ or /d/ + /s/ -> /s/
/t/ or /d/ + /z/ -> /z/
Plosive /d/ + nasal /n/ -> nasal

You might also like