PROJECT REPORT ON

Time-Table Management System

Submitted in the Semester IV Exam
Degree of
Bachelor of Technology in Computer
Science & Engineering

Under the guidance of

MRS. VARNIKA

Submitted by
ABHISHEK, ANIKET BHASKAR, GAURAV SHARMA and KRISHNA

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

ARAVALI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT

Under

J.C BOSE UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE

&
TECHNOLOGY, YMCA FARIDABAD

Page No: 1
 Submitted By

NAME: ABHISHEK
ROLL NO. : 22011004001
REG. NO. : 22-ACEM-004001

NAME: GAURAV SHARMA

ROLL NO. : 22011004037
REG. NO. : 22-ACEM-004037

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 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the dissertation is the record of 5 th Semester
Project, entitled “Time-Table Management System” undergone at Aravali
College of Engineering & Management, JC Bose University of Science &
Technology, YMCA Faridabad carried out by Abhishek (22011004001), Gaurav
Sharma (22011004037) of the Department of Computer Science &
Engineering, Aravali College of Engineering & management, for the partial
fulfilment of the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology (Session 2022
- 2026) by JC Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA Faridabad in the
year 2024 under my supervision and guidance. To the best of my knowledge,
the results embodied in this report, are original in nature and worthy of
incorporation in the present version of the report for B.tech in Computer
Science & Engineering. This report is not being submitted elsewhere for
examination by other students except them.

Mrs. Sakshi Kumar Mrs. Varnika

Head of the department Assistant Professor
CSE CSE

Date: /11/2024

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
First of all, we, Abhishek and Gaurav Sharma of B.Tech Computer Science &
Engineering semester V, would like to express our profound sense of gratitude
towards our Project Guide Mrs. Varnika, Assistant Professor, Department Of
Computer Science & Engineering, for his able guidance, support and
encouragement during the course of our 5th Semester project : Time-Table
Management System . This project work was undertaken in partial fulfilment of
the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology from
Aravali College of Engineering & Management, JC Bose University of Science
& Technology, YMCA Faridabad.

We are deeply indebted to our Project Guide for giving us this opportunity to
work on this project and for his kind help and support to develop an
understanding of the subject and making a clear knowledge by providing
necessary insight. His readiness for consultations at all times, his educative
comments, his concern, concrete support have been invaluable.

Lastly, we would like to thank the entire faculty of the Department of Computer
Science & Engineering of our college for cultivating a healthy and creative
environment to work in the project.

ABHISHEK GAURAV SHARMA

ROLL NO. :22011004001 ROLL NO. :22011004037

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS:
1. Abstract............................................................................................................01

2. Introduction......................................................................................................02

3. Domain Description.........................................................................................03

4. Motivation of this project.................................................................................04

5. Scope of the work.............................................................................................05

6. Software & Hardware Requirement.................................................................06

7. Background (alumni/server architecture, project architecture description).....07

8. Requirement Gathering Architecture................................................................08

8.1. Functional requirements.........................................................................10

8.2. Non-functional requirements..................................................................12

9. Design/Methodology........................................................................................14

9.1. Module description..................................................................................14

9.2. Use Case Diagram...................................................................................17

9.3. Sequence Diagram...................................................................................18

9.4. Data Flow Diagram..................................................................................19

9.5. Entity Relationship Diagram....................................................................20

9.6. Data Dictionary........................................................................................21

10. Implementation.................................................................................................22

11. Results / Outputs.............................................................................................23

12. Future Scopes..................................................................................................32

13. Discussion on Drawbacks...............................................................................33

14. CONCLUSION...............................................................................................34

15. References.......................................................................................................35

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 1. Abstract:

The Time-Table Management System (TTMS) project aims to streamline the process of
scheduling and managing academic timetables for educational institutions. This system
addresses the common challenges faced by schools and universities, such as scheduling
conflicts, inefficient resource allocation, and the complexities of accommodating diverse
course offerings and faculty availability. By leveraging a user-friendly interface and robust
backend algorithms, the TTMS enables administrators to create, modify, and optimize
timetables with ease.

The project employs a modular architecture that supports various functionalities, including
real-time updates, conflict detection, and reporting tools. Users can access the system through
a web-based platform, ensuring accessibility across different devices. The implementation of
automated scheduling algorithms significantly reduces the time required to generate optimal
timetables, thereby enhancing operational efficiency.

Furthermore, the TTMS incorporates features for student and faculty interaction, allowing
users to view schedules, request changes, and receive notifications about updates or conflicts.
Through rigorous testing and user feedback, the system has demonstrated its effectiveness in
improving the scheduling process, ultimately contributing to a more organized and productive
academic environment.

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 2. Introduction:

The College Alumni Portal project, an innovative and purpose- driven platform
that aims to establish and nurture a strong bond between our esteemed
educational institution and its esteemed alumni community. With a vision to
create a thriving ecosystem for graduates, this system offers a seamless and user-
friendly interface, empowering our alumni to remain connected, share their
achievements, and actively participate in the college's continued growth and
success.

The College Alumni Portal project is built on the foundation of fostering

meaningful relationships, knowledge sharing, and professional opportunities
among our graduates. Through inspiring galleries, interactive forums, and
engaging events, this project serves as a conduit for alumni to showcase their
accomplishments, provide mentorship, and collaborate with each other and
current students.

Our mission is to create a dynamic and vibrant alumni community, where every
graduate can take pride in their alma mater, stay updated with the latest
developments, and embark on a journey of lifelong learning. We believe that by
leveraging modern technologies and user-centric design, our alumni portal will
become a valuable resource for both alumni and the college, strengthening our
ties and collectively contributing to a brighter future.

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 3. Domain Description

It is a web-based application developed in php 5.0/MySQL Maria db version

5.02 on Apache server. The front end has been designed and validated using
HTML, CSS, JavaScript, the backend is handled by php (Hypertext
Preprocessor) and for database we uses MySQL which is an open-source
technology.

The different aspects of the project are to view various features available as-The
Alumni Gallery is a feature that allows alumni to showcase their college life, the
success stories of past graduates , achievements by uploading pictures. The
Alumni Forum is a dynamic discussion platform where alumni can engage in
various topics of interest. Courses aspect offers lifelong learning opportunities
for graduates. The Job section of the Alumni Portal connects alumni with
potential employment opportunities. Alumni can post job openings within their
organizations, and fellow graduates can apply for these positions.
There is also a chat implementation feature is available which enables real-time
communication and networking among alumni.

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 4. Motivation of this project:

The motivations behind the development of a Alumni Portal project are

rooted in several key benefits:

1. This project aims to foster a strong sense of belonging and engagement

among alumni by providing them with a dedicated platform to stay
connected with their respected teachers.

2. This management system seeks to create a vibrant and active alumni

community. By offering features like alumni galleries, forums, courses,
jobs, and chats.

3. This project aims to celebrate the success stories and achievements of

alumni.

4. It allows graduates to continue their education and professional

development even after graduation. Lifelong learning opportunities can
enhance alumni skills, keeping them up-to-date with industry trends and
advancements.

5. By facilitating alumni recruitment and job placements, the system can

strengthen the ties between the college and various industries.

6. Every service that we provide is included in the web site itself so as to

provide the alumni with the necessary information that they want.

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 5. Scope of the work:

The following are some key elements within the scope:

 These systems have a feature for alumni to showcase their achievements,

accolades, and career milestones through images, descriptions.

 The development team will create a platform for alumni to participate in

discussions, share knowledge, and interact with each other through forum
topics and real-time chat functionality.

 This system provides a catalogue of courses and resources for alumni to

engage in lifelong learning and professional development.

 This management system will incorporate a section where alumni can

explore job openings posted by employers within the alumni network,
fostering alumni employment and career growth.

 This system facilitates the organization and promotion of alumni events,

reunions, and networking opportunities.

 Implementing user authentication and access controls to ensure the

security and privacy of alumni data.

 Testing of the system to identify and rectify any bugs, errors, or usability
issues.

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 6. Software/Hardware Requirement:

Software Required:

● Front End Tool: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Bootstrap.

● Backend: PHP/ MySQL Database.

● PHP Server : XAMPP

● Host: Localhost:8012/phpMyAdmin

Hardware Required:

● Operating System: Windows 8 / 9 /10 / 11.

● Minimum 4GB RAM Required

● Minimum 32GB ROM Required

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7. Background (alumni /server architecture, project
architecture description) :

With these server technologies it has become easier to maintain Web pages
especially helpful for a large web site. The developer needs to embed the server-
side language code inside the HTML page. This code is passed to the
appropriate interpreter which processes these instructions and generates the
final HTML displayed by the browser. Note the embedded server-script code is
not visible to the alumni (even if you check the source of the page) as the server
sends ONLY the HTML code.

Browsers interact with the server using a set of instructions called protocols.
These protocols help in the accurate transfer of data through requests from a
browser and responses from the server.

A request sent for a PHP page from alumni is passed to the PHP interpreter by
the server along with various program variables. The interpreter then processes
the PHP code and generates a dynamic HTML output. This is sent to the server
which in turn redirects it to the alumni.

The browser is not aware of the functioning of the server. It just receives the
HTML code, which it appropriately formats and displays on your computer.

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 8. Requirement Gathering Architecture:
Requirement gathering for the Alumni Portal project involves systematically
collecting, analyzing, and documenting the needs and expectations of
stakeholders to define the system's scope and functionalities.Here's a brief
overview of the requirement gathering architecture:

1. Identifying Stakeholders: Identify all the relevant stakeholders involved

in the project, including college administrators, alumni representatives,
current students, faculty, and potential users of the system.

2. Conducting Interviews and Surveys: Hold interviews and surveys with

the stakeholders to understand their perspectives, pain points, and
expectations from the Alumni Portal. Gather feedback onthe current
alumni management process and identify areas that need improvement.

3. Organizing Focus Groups: Organize focus groups with key stakeholders

to facilitate open discussions and brainstorming sessions. This allows for
in-depth exploration of specific requirements and potential solutions.

4. Analyzing Existing Data: Analyze existing data related to alumni

information, events, alumni engagement metrics, and previous feedback.
This helps in identifying patterns and trends that can inform the system's
design and functionalities.

5. Defining Use Cases and User Stories: Create use cases and user stories to
capture specific scenarios in which the Alumni Portal willbe used. These
use cases and user stories help in defining the system's functional
requirements from the end-users' perspective.

6. Prioritizing Requirements: Work with stakeholders to prioritize

requirements based on their importance, feasibility, and impact on alumni
engagement and college objectives. This helps in creating a roadmap for
the system's development.

7. Architecture Design: Based on the gathered requirements, define the

high-level architecture of the alumni management system. This includes

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 identifying the necessary modules, data flow, and integration points with
other systems, if applicable.

8. Creating Functional and Non-Functional Requirements: Document both

functional requirements (what the system should do) and non-functional
requirements (qualities the system should possess, such as security,
scalability, and performance).

9. Review and Validation: Conduct regular review and validation sessions

with stakeholders to ensure that the documented requirements accurately
represent their needs and expectations.

10.Iterative Process: Keep the requirement gathering process iterative,

allowing for continuous feedback and updates as the project progresses
and new insights emerge.

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 8.1. Functional requirements:
Functional requirements for a Alumni Portal project outline thespecific
features, capabilities, and functionalities the system must possess to meet the
needs of its users. Here's a brief overview of functional requirementsfor the
project:

1. User Registration and Authentication:

 The system should allow alumni to register with their essential details,
such as name, email, graduation year, etc.

 Alumni should be able to authenticate themselves securely using login

credentials or social media logins.

2. Alumni Profile Management:

 Each alumnus should have a dedicated profile page to manage personal

and professional information.

 Alumni should be able to update their contact details, employment

history, and other relevant data.

3. Alumni Gallery:

 The system should include a gallery page for alumni to showcase their
achievements, awards, and milestones through images and descriptions.

4. Alumni Job Opportunities:

 The system should feature a jobs page where employers can post job
openings for alumni.

 Alumni should be able to search and apply for jobs within the alumni
network.

5. Alumni Events and Reunions:

 The system should provide an events page that displays upcoming alumni
events, reunions, and networking gatherings.

6. Alumni Forum and Chats:

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 The system should host an interactive forum for alumni discussions,
knowledge sharing, and mentorship.

 Alumni should be able to engage in real-time chats with other graduates

and college representatives.

7. Alumni Courses and Continuing Education:

 The system should offer a course list containing educational resources,

webinars, and workshops for lifelong learning.

8. Account Management and Privacy Settings:

 The system should allow users to manage their account settings,

including privacy preferences and communication options.

 Alumni should have control over who can view specific details on their
profile.

9. User Interaction and Networking:

 The system should facilitate networking and interaction among alumni,

such as adding connections and sending messages.

10. User Access Control and Roles:

 The system should define different user roles, such as alumni,

administrators, and faculty, each with specific access privileges.

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 8.2. Non-functional requirements:
Non-functional requirements specify the characteristics and qualities that the
Alumni Portal system should possess, rather than specific features and
functionalities. Here are some common non-functional requirements for
such a system:

1. Performance:

- The system should have fast response times and handle a large number of
concurrent users without significant degradation in performance.

- It should be able to handle the expected volume of alumni data, events, and
communication without performance bottlenecks.

- Response times for common operations, such as searching alumni records or

sending mass communications, should be within acceptable limits.

2. Security:

- The system should implement robust security measures to protect alumni

data and ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

- Access controls should be in place to restrict unauthorized access to

sensitive information.

- Alumni personal data, such as contact details and financial information,

should be encrypted and stored securely.

3. Scalability:

- The system should be designed to accommodate future growth and handle

increasing numbers of alumni records and user interactions.

- It should have the ability to scale up or scale out by adding more hardware
resources or utilizing cloud infrastructure as needed.

4. Usability:

- The system should have an intuitive and user-friendly interface that is easy
to navigate and understand for both administrators and alumni.

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 - The system should support accessibility standards to ensure usability for
users with disabilities.

5. Reliability and Availability:

- The system should be highly reliable and available, minimizing downtime

and ensuring uninterrupted access for administrators and alumni.

- Robust backup and recovery mechanisms should be in place to protect

against data loss and facilitate system restoration in case of failures.

- Disaster recovery plans should be established to mitigate risks and ensure

business continuity.

6. Compatibility:

- The system should be compatible with different web browsers, operating

systems, and devices to provide a seamless user experience.

- It should adhere to relevant standards and protocols, enabling integration

with external systems or services.

7. Compliance:

- The system should comply with relevant data protection regulations, privacy
laws, and industry standards.

- It should adhere to ethical guidelines and best practices for handling alumni
data and respecting their privacy preferences.

- Compliance with accessibility standards, such as WCAG (Web Content

Accessibility Guidelines), should be considered.

8. Performance Monitoring and Reporting:

- The system should provide monitoring and logging capabilities to track

system performance, identify issues, and facilitate troubleshooting.

- It should generate system performance reports, error logs, and usage

statistics to help administrators assess system health and make informed
decisions.

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 9. Design/Methodology:
9.1 Module description:
There are two parts of our project, one is the Admin panel, and the other one is
the Alumni panel. Each panel has been divided into several modules.

Admin Panel:
The Alumni Portal project is a comprehensive platform designedto enhance
alumni engagement and communication within the college community. Here's a
brief overview of each page:

 Login Page: The login page is the gateway to the system, where alumni,
administrators, and other users can authenticate their credentials to access
the platform.

 Home Page: The home page serves as the central hub of the system,
offering a dashboard with relevant updates, announcements, and
personalized content for each user. It provides quick links to different
sections, including the gallery, course list, alumni list, jobs page, events
page, forum page, user page, and system settings.

 Gallery Page: The gallery page showcases alumni achievements, success

stories, and milestones through images and descriptions. It allows alumni
to create and manage their profiles and share inspiring content with the
college community.

 Course List: The course list page displays a catalog of courses,

workshops, webinars, and educational resources available to alumni.

 Alumni List: The alumni list page presents a directory of all registered
alumni, offering options for search and filters to find specific graduates
based on graduation year, field of expertise, and more. It encourages
networking and reconnecting among alumni.

 Jobs Page: The jobs page features job opportunities posted by employers
within the alumni network. Alumni can explore and apply for relevant
positions, fostering career growth and networking within the community.

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  Events Page: The events page highlights upcoming alumni events,
reunions, and networking opportunities. It allows alumni to RSVP and
stay informed about gatherings and activities.

 Forum Page: The forum page is an interactive platform for alumni

discussions and knowledge sharing. It includes various categories for
different topics, encouraging alumni to engage in meaningful
conversations and mentorship.

 User Page: The user page provides a personalized space for each user to
manage their account settings, profile information, and communication
preferences. It enables users to control their interactions within the
platform.

 System Setting Page: The system setting page is accessible to

administrators and allows them to configure and customize the platform.
It includes options for managing user roles, privacy settings, email
notifications, and other system-related configurations.

Alumni Panel:
The Alumni Portal alumni side offers a user-friendly interfaceand a range of
features that empower graduates to stay connected, showcase their
achievements, explore job opportunities, participate in discussions, and
manage their profiles efficiently.

 Home Page: The alumni home page serves as the central hub of the
system for graduates. It offers a personalized dashboard with relevant
updates, announcements, and quick links to various sections, such as the
gallery, jobs page, forum, and account settings. The home page provides
a user-friendly and intuitive interface for easy navigation.

 Signup Page: The signup page allows alumni to create their accounts
within the system. Alumni provide essential details such as their name,
email, graduation year, and preferred login credentials. Successful signup
grants access to the alumni portal and its features.

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 Gallery Page: The gallery page enables alumni to showcase their
achievements, career milestones, and personal experiences through
images and descriptions. Each alumnus has a dedicated profile to manage
and share their content with the college community.

 Login Modal: The login modal appears whenever an alumni user

accesses the system. It allows for secure authentication with
email/username and password.

 Jobs Page: The jobs page provides a platform for alumni to explore job
opportunities posted by employers within the alumni network. Alumni
can browse through job listings, filter them based on preferences, and
apply for suitable positions.

 About Page: The about page offers an overview of the Alumni Portal,
detailing its purpose, benefits, and how it facilitatesalumni engagement.

 Forum Page: The forum page allows alumni to engage in discussions,

share knowledge, and seek advice from fellow graduates. Alumni can
participate in different categories or start new threads on various topics,
encouraging meaningful interactions and mentorship within the alumni
community.

 Account Management Page: The account management page empowers

alumni to control their profile and preferences. Alumni can update
personal information, manage privacy settings, and customize
communication preferences.

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 Chat/Topic Page: The Chat/Topic Page is a real-time communication
feature that enables alumni to connect and interact with each other
directly throughprivate messages and group chats.

 Result Page: The Result Page is a real-time tracking feature that

enables alumni to check University Exam Results. There are two
Universities options in Result Page because we Know that this College
first approved by Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak (2008-
2016) and recently approved by JC Bose University of Science &
Engineering, YMCA Faridabad.Then Alumni check result as per
university.

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9.2. Use Case Diagram:

Alumni

Admin

Page No: 18
9.3. Sequence Diagram:
User

Admin

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 9.4. Data Flow Diagram:

 Level 0 DFD for Alumni Side

 Level 1 DFD for Alumni Side

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9.5. Entity Relationship Diagram:

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 9.6. Data Dictionary

Alumni Side Registration details:

Fields Data Type Description

id int(30) Auto generated serial number as index key.

firstname varchar(200) Alumni first name.

middlename varchar(200) Alumni middle name.

lastname varchar(200) Alumni last name.

gender varchar(10) Alumni age.

batch year(4) Alumni batch of passout.

course_id int(30) Alumni Course name.

email varchar(250) Alumni email id as primary key.

connected_to text Alumni connected to which field

avatar text Alumni profile picture or avatar.

status tinyint(1) Alumni account verified or not.

date_created date Date when alumni created their account.

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 10. Implementation:

The front pages are basically designed in HTML 5.0, style sheet, JavaScript and
bootstrap and php for the server side development.

The login page layout is designed using HTML with input fields for
username/email and password. Also other page layouts are created using HTML
to display relevant job details, forums, events, chat messages.

CSS is implemented in page layouts to ensure a visually appealing and

consistent design. It provides attractive and user friendly appearance in events,
forum topics etc.

To implement search Implement client-side validation for input fields and

handle form submission is done using JavaScript. Implement real-time
messaging using JavaScript and Web Socket or a similar technology to enable
instant communication between users. Some portions are also used to colour in
primary, danger, info using bootstrap.

There is also PHP used to handle backend processing such as storing event data,
to manage user authentication, server side validation, verifying user credentials
against the database etc.

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11. Results / Outputs:
11.1 Alumni Panel
11.1 (i) Home Page

(ii) Alumni Create New Account Page

(iii) Log in page

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(iv) Alumni Page

(v) Gallery List

(vi) Posted Jobs

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(vii) Forums Discussed

(viii) Add Comments on Forum Tpics

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 (ix) About

11.2 Admin Panel:

11.2 (i) Admin login Page

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(ii) Home Page

(iii) Gallery Page

(iv) Adding Image in Gallery Page

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(v) Course List

(vi) Alumni List

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(vii) Verifying Alumni Accounts

(viii) Jobs

(ix) Managing Job Post

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(x) Upcoming Events

(xi) Adding Events

(xii) Forums

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(xiii) Editing Forums

(xiv) Users

(xv) System Settings

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 12. Future Scopes:

It would be very useful if the members of the alumni web site which are former
student of college could directly contact the alumni officer through the web site.
It is easy to find the email address of the alumni officer because it will be placed
on the home page of the online community. The contact alumni officer
functionality could be easily implemented using asp, which is also used in order
to implement the broadcast email functionality that the alumni web site offers.
That is why it would be useful to be able to set some information, such as
contact details as private or public. This could be done very easy with the use of
radio buttons. Right now, alumni website offer only inserting details, later it can
be modified to update information. The alumni web site is used to maintain data
of alumni and to provide platform where alumni can see the progress of an
institute and also participate in improving institution condition with the help of
donation.
Looking ahead, the future scope of the project is promising, with possibilities
for mobile application development, alumni mentoring programs, advanced
analytics, social media integration, and more. As the platform continues to
evolve and adapt to the changing needs of the alumni community, it is poised to
become an even more valuable resource for lifelong connections, knowledge
sharing, and mutual support.

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13. Discussion on Drawbacks:

● We have not implemented several analysis reports such as : The system does
not send email or in-app notifications to inform alumni about relevant updates,
events, job opportunities, forum activities, and many more.

● The system doesn’t provide a platform for alumni to contribute donations to

the college or specific causes. Alumni should receive information on
fundraising campaigns and initiatives.

● A video calling portal among the alumni can be implemented in the future for
more convenience for the students.

● This system is basically run on localhost only, it needs deployment.

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 14. CONCLUSION:

The Alumni Management System is a valuable tool for educational institutions

to maintain strong connections with their alumni network. This Alumni
Management System project is a resounding success, transforming the way the
college community engages with its alumni. The system provides a seamless
platform for graduates to reconnect, share their achievements, and actively
participate in the college's ongoing growth and development.

With the alumni gallery, graduates can proudly showcase their

accomplishments, inspiring current students and fostering a sense of pride
within the college community. The forum and chat functionalities have
facilitated lively discussions and valuable knowledge sharing, promoting
mentorship and networking opportunities among alumni.

The comprehensive course list and job portal have empowered alumni to
continue their learning journey and explore exciting career opportunities within
the alumni network. The events page has become a central hub for alumni
reunions and gatherings, fostering a strong sense of belonging and camaraderie
among graduates.

The system's user-friendly interface, supported by HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and

PHP technologies, has been instrumental in providing a seamless user
experience across various modules. Its robust architecture and implementation
have ensured secure data handling and reliable performance.

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15. References:

The following websites have helped us for developing the web application:

 https://www.javatpoint.com/php-tutorial
 https://www.w3schools.com/php/
 https://www.w3schools.com/howto/default_page5.asp
 https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/php-tutorial/
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=at19OmH2Bg4&list=PLu0W_9lII9ai
kXkRE0WxDt1vozo3hnmtR
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6mbwJ2xhgzM&list=PLu0W_9lII9a
giCUZYRsvtGTXdxkzPyItg

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