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Imprtant Ques-Iae 1

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13 views4 pages

Imprtant Ques-Iae 1

Uploaded by

nithyabtechit95
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PART – A

(2Marks)
1. Transmission mode:
 The way in which data is transmitted from one device to another device is known as
transmission mode.
 The transmission mode is also known as the communication mode.
 Each communication channel has a direction associated with it, and transmission media
provide the direction. Therefore, the transmission mode is also known as a directional
mode. The transmission mode is defined in the physical layer.
Types of Transmission mode
The Transmission mode is divided into three categories:
 Simplex Mode Ex: Radio
 Half-duplex Mode Ex: walkie talkie
 Full-duplex mode Ex: TV
2. Flow Control:
 Flow Control is the process of managing the rate of data transmission between two nodes
to prevent a fast sender from overwhelming a slow receiver.
 It provides a mechanism for the receiver to control the transmission speed, so that the
receiving node is not overwhelmed with data from transmitting node.
3. DNS:
 DNS is used for name-to-address mapping.
 The DNS provides the protocol which allows clients and servers to
 Communicate with each other.
 It is a directory lookup service that provides a mapping between the name of a host on the
internet and its numerical address.

4. Computer Networks:
 A computer network is defined as, “a set of computer which are interconnected by a
communication links for sharing data or resources or exchanging messages.
 The best known computer network is the Internet.
 All networks must have
 A resource to share
 A pathway to transfer data(transmission media)
 A set of rules governing how to communicate(protocol)

5. Socket Address:
 Socket is an end point of a two way communication link between two programs running
on a network.
 Connection of IP address and Port number.
IP address + Port number = Socket address

Ex: - IP Address Port Number


192.10.10.20 21

Socket Address
190.10.10.20:21

6. Stream Control Transmission Protocol:


Stream control transmission protocol (SCTP) is a new transport layer protocol mainly
designed to combine some features of UDP and TCP in an effort to create a better protocol for
multimedia communication.
Services of SCTP:
 Process-to-process communication
 Multiple Streams
 Multihoming
 Full-duplex communication
 Connection-oriented service
 Reliable Service
7. QOS:
 Quality of service is the overall performance of a telephony or computer network,
particularly the performance seen by the users of the network, which provides the packet
delivery guarantees, which is related to bandwidth and delay.
 Simply it is an issue that refers to a set of techniques and mechanisms that guarantees the
performance of a network.
8. Services of the Transport Layer:
The services provided by the transport layer protocols can be divided into five broad
categories,
 End-to-end delivery
 Addressing
 Reliable delivery
 Flow control
 Multiplexing
9. Three Phases involved in the circuit switching:
Communication via circuit switching involves three phases:
 Connection setup
 Data Transfer
 Connection teardown
10. Packet Switching:
 In the Packet-switched network, the sending message is divided into packets of either
fixed or variable size.
 Here, there is no resource allocation is required for packets.
 Resource are allocated based on demand.
11. Congestion Control:
 Another issue in a network-layer protocol is congestion control.
 Congestion in the network layer is a situation in which too many datagrams
Are present in an area of the Internet.
 Congestion may occur if the number of datagrams sent by source
computers is beyond the capacity of the network or routers.
In this situation, some routers may drop some of the datagrams
12. Circuit Switching:
 Circuit switching creates a direct physical connection between two devices such as
phones (or) compiters, which is mainly designed for voice communication.
 It is less well suited for data and other non-voice transmission.
PART – B
(16 Marks)
1.OSI
2.i) .HTTP
ii)SMTP
3.E-MAIL
4.DNS
5.SEGMENT FORMAT OF TCP AND UDP
6.TCP- STATE TRANSITION DIAGRAM
7.CONGESTION CONTROL TECHNIQUES
8.SCTP ERROR CONTROL AND FLOW CONTROL
9.PACKET SWITCHING
10.IPv4 PACKET FORMAT

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