Scribd
Upload
14 views

Air Pollution

Helping to other

Uploaded by

Azaan Kandhro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views

Air Pollution

Helping to other

Uploaded by

Azaan Kandhro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 26

AIR POLLUTION

What is Air Pollution?


Industrial air pollution Smog in Vancouver, BC Air pollution from oil refinery 4

• Addition of harmful substances to the atmosphere resulting in damage to the


environment, human health, and quality of life. One of many forms of pollution, air
pollution occurs inside homes, schools, and offices; in cities; across continents; and even
globally.
• Substance that causes pollution or
What do we unwanted occurrence that affects a
person’s surroundings unfavorably.
mean by the
• Due to natural and man-made pollution,
term the air is never found clean in the
pollutant? atmosphere. Gases such as CO, SO2 and
H2O are continuously releases into the
atmosphere through natural activate
(Volcanic activity, Vegetation decay and
Forest fires). Tiny particles of solids and
liquids are distributed throughout the
air by winds, volcanic explosion and
other similar natural disturbances.
• PRIMARY AIR POLLUTANTS
• SECONDARY POLLUTANTS

• PRIMARY AIR POLLUTANTS:


Classifications • Some important primary air pollutants are:
• Sulfur Oxides (SOX), particularly Sulfur dioxide
of Air (SO2)
• Carbon Mono Oxide (CO)
Pollutants: • Nitrogen Oxides (NOX)
• Lead
• Hydrocarbons
• Radio Active substances
• Hydrogen Sulfide
• Hydrogen Fluoride
• Some important secondary
SECONDARY air pollutants are:
POLLUTANTS:
• Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
• Ozone (O3)
• Nitric Acid
What are criteria air
pollutants?
These pollutants can harm your health and the environment, and cause
property damage.
What are the 6 criteria pollutant?

particle ground- carbon sulfur nitrogen and lead. These


pollutants
pollution, level monoxid dioxide, dioxide, can harm
ozone, e, your health
and the
environment,
and cause
property
damage.
CO
• Carbon monoxide.
• A gas that comes from the burning of fossil fuels,
mostly in cars. It cannot be seen or smelled.
Source of CO
• Carbon monoxide is released when engines burn fossil fuels.
• Emissions are higher when engines are not tuned properly, and when
fuel is not completely burned.
• Cars emit a lot of the carbon monoxide found outdoors.
• Furnaces and heaters in the home can emit high concentrations of
carbon monoxide, too, if they are not properly maintained.
Ill effects of CO

Carbon monoxide makes it hard for body parts to get the oxygen they need to
run correctly.

Exposure to carbon monoxide makes people feel dizzy and tired and gives them
headaches.

In high concentrations it is fatal.

Elderly people with heart disease are hospitalized more often when they are
exposed to higher amounts of carbon monoxide.
NO2

• Nitrogen dioxide. A
reddish-brown gas that
comes from the burning
of fossil fuels.
• It has a strong smell at
high levels.
Nitrogen dioxide mostly comes from power plants and
cars.

Nitrogen dioxide is formed in two ways—when nitrogen in


the fuel is burned, or when nitrogen in the air reacts with
Source of NO2 oxygen at very high temperatures.

Nitrogen dioxide can also react in the atmosphere to form


ozone, acid rain, and particles.
High levels of nitrogen dioxide exposure
can give people coughs and can make
them feel short of breath.

People who are exposed to nitrogen


Ill effect of dioxide for a long time have a higher
NO2 chance of getting respiratory infections.

Nitrogen dioxide reacts in the


atmosphere to form acid rain, which can
harm plants and animals.
Ill effect of NO2
• Exposure to high levels of NO2 may lead to:

• Lung damage; or
• Respiratory Disease.
• It has also been linked to:

• Increased hospital admissions for asthma and respiratory problems;


• Increased mortality.
PM
• Particulate matter. Solid or liquid matter that is suspended in the air.
To remain in the air, particles usually must be less than 0.1-mm wide
and can be as small as 0.00005 mm.
Source of PM

Particulate matter can be divided into two types—coarse


particles and fine particles.

Coarse particles are formed from sources like road dust,


sea spray, and construction.

Fine particles are formed when fuel is burned in


automobiles and power plants.
Ill effect of PM

Some of these problems


Particulate matter that is
include more frequent
small enough can enter Long term exposure is
asthma attacks, Lung Cancer;
the lungs and cause linked to:
respiratory problems,
health problems.
and premature death.

Heart Disease; Lung Disease; Asthma Attacks; and Other health problems.
SO2
• Sulfur dioxide. A corrosive gas that cannot be
seen or smelled at low levels but can have a
“rotten egg” smell at high levels.
Source of SO2
• Sulfur dioxide mostly comes from the burning of coal
or oil in power plants. It also comes from factories
that make chemicals, paper, or fuel. Like nitrogen
dioxide, sulfur dioxide reacts in the atmosphere to
form acid rain and particles.
Ill effect of SO2

Sulfur dioxide exposure can affect people who have asthma


by making it more difficult for them to breathe.

It can also irritate people's eyes, noses, and throats.

Sulfur dioxide can harm trees and crops, damage buildings,


and make it harder for people to see long distances.
Pb
• Lead. A blue-gray metal that is very toxic and is found in a number of
forms and locations.
Source of Pb
• Outside, lead comes from cars in areas where unleaded gasoline is
not used. Lead can also come from power plants and other industrial
sources. Inside, lead paint is an important source of lead, especially in
houses where paint is peeling. Lead in old pipes can also be a source
of lead in drinking water.
Ill effect of Pb
• High amounts of lead can be dangerous for small children and can
lead to lower IQs and kidney problems. For adults, exposure to lead
can increase the chance of having heart attacks or strokes.
Ozone

Ozone. A gas that can be found in two places. Near the ground
(the troposphere), it is a major part of smog.

The harmful ozone in the lower atmosphere should not be


confused with the protective layer of ozone in the upper
atmosphere (stratosphere), which screens out harmful
ultraviolet rays.
Source of Ozone

Ozone is not created directly, but is formed when nitrogen oxides and volatile
organic compounds mix in sunlight.

That is why ozone is mostly found in the summer.

Nitrogen oxides come from burning gasoline, coal, or other fossil fuels.

There are many types of volatile organic compounds, and they come from
sources ranging from factories to trees.
Ill effect of Ozone

Ozone near the ground can cause a number of health problems.

Ozone can lead to more frequent asthma attacks in people who have asthma
and can cause sore throats, coughs, and breathing difficulty.

It may even lead to premature death.

Ozone can also hurt plants and crops.

You might also like