Republic of the Philippines

CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE

San Jose, Pili, Camarines Sur 4418
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
Email Address: [email protected]
Trunkline: (054) 871-5531-33 local 101

DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS GRADE 9

Pythagorean Theorem

Time Frame: 1 hour

Prerequisite Concepts: Inverse Operation of Squaring a Number
I. OBJECTIVES
Content Standard
 The learners demonstrate understanding of key concepts of the Pythagorean
Theorem.
Performance Standard
 The learners are able to find the measurement of hypotenuse using Pythagorean
theorem.
Learning Competency
 The learners are able to prove Pythagorean theorem
 The learners are able to solves problems involving right triangle
Specific Objectives:
 At the end of the lesson, students must be able to:

a) State the Pythagorean Theorem;

b) solve problems that involves right triangle;
c) give importance on Pythagorean theorem in solving real-life examples

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Pythagorean Theorem

References: Grade 9 Math Learner’s Material – First Quarter
Materials: Projector or LCD TV, PowerPoint Presentation, Laptop, White Board, and
White Board Marker, Visual Aids, Paper tape
Strategy: 3 I’s (Introduction, Interaction, Integration)
III. PROCEDURE:
Time Teaching hints TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENTS’ ACTIVITY
Frame
A. Preliminary
Activities

P a g e 1 | 15
 20 Greetings Good morning, class!
seconds Good morning, Ma’am!

1 minute Prayer Everyone, please stand up for

the opening prayer

Erika, lead the prayer

In the name of the Father,
of the Son and of the Holy
Spirit. Praised be the name
of our Lord, Jesus Christ,
now and forever. Amen.
Thank you, you may take
your seats.

2 Checking of Before we go on to our

minutes attendance discussion, let me check your
attendance first. Monitor, do
we have absentees today?
No one is absent, ma’am
Okay, very good!

2 Checking of Did I give you an

minutes Assignment assignment?
Yes, ma’am
Give your notebooks to your
leader, and check them
carefully. Complete
preparation will be given 10
points, incomplete
preparation will be given 7
points, and no preparation will
receive 0 points. But I am
hoping for 100% complete
preparation from you since
you have Saturday and
Sunday to prepare.

Are you done?

Yes, ma’am

If yes, leaders, return the

notebooks and let us move on
to our new lesson for today.
B.
Developmental
Activities

3 Recall of the So, what did we talk about at

minutes previous lesson our last meeting? Anyone in
the class, please?
Ma’am
Yes, Diana?

P a g e 2 | 15
 Last meeting, we
discussed about inverse
operation of squaring a
number
Okay, thank you.

What about that? What is the

inverse operation of squaring
a number?
Division
That’s right!

When you square a number,

it means to multiply that
number by itself. For
example, the 5 squared would
be the same as 5x5 or 25.
And 25 divided by 5 is?

12 squared is equivalent to 5!
12x12, or 144. And 144
divided by 12, is?

Outstanding! It seems like 12!

you all are ready for our next
topic for today.

4 Motivation But before we go on to our

minutes formal discussion, who
among you here is familiar
and eating in “ihaw-ihaw”
near the basketball court?
*/raised their hands
Do you normally walk through
the field or along the walking
route to escape the sun on
your way to that canteen?

Yes, Manuel? Ma’am

Since, I have vehicle, I am

using the main road.

Yes, Clark? Ma’am

I am walking through the

Why? walking pathway, Ma’am

Because I prefer to walk in

the shade over under the
What about the others? Who heat of the sun
among you here is walking
through the field? What about
P a g e 3 | 15
you, Diana?

Why did you choose to walk I usually pass by the field

through the field rather than ma’am.
on the walking pathway?

You believe that it has a I think, I will save more

shorter distance compared to energy and time if I take
other routes? the short cut.

Okay, thank you.

Each and every one of us Yes, ma’am

here has our own perspective
when it comes to one thing.
Just like you, class. Because
of the heat caused by the
sun, some of you will take the
shaded pathway, which will
take you to the long route
going to that canteen. But, on
the other hand, some of you
will still take the shortcut,
especially when you are really
in a hurry, maybe because
you already want to eat. Am I
correct?

Yes, ma’am.
But how sure are you that the
route taken by Diana has a
shorter distance compared to
the route taken by Clark?

Later on, as we go on with

our topic, we will know and
we will find out if Diana is
really correct about her theory
regarding that matter.

A while ago, Diana said that

the route she took was
through the field. She just
crossed the field going to the
canteen. Am I right, Diana?

Yes, ma’am.
Clark, on the other hand, took
the shaded part, where he
has to go straight down the
pathway and turn left until he
P a g e 4 | 15
 reached the canteen. Am I
right, Clark?
Yes, ma’am.
Okay, so in that case, what
do you think would be our
lesson for today?

*/someone raised hand

Yes, Jericho?

I think it has something to

do with triangle.
Yes, correct. But, what
particular triangle do you think
would it be? A right triangle.

Wonderful!
Introduction

1 minute Presentation of
the lesson We will be tackling the
Pythagorean Theorem which
is only applicable to right
triangles.

1 minute Presentation of
Objectives
But before anything else, let
me present to you our
learning objectives.

Everyone, please read.

a) State the Pythagorean
Theorem;
b) solve problems that
involves right triangle;
c) give importance on
Pythagorean theorem
in solving real-life
C. Lesson Okay, thank you. examples
Proper
25
minutes Interaction
I have here an illustration
showing the routes that your
classmates have mentioned a
while ago

P a g e 5 | 15
Here is the long route that
Clark passed by, and this is
the field that Diana crossed.

By that, you can see that

there is a right triangle formed
in the illustration. Can you
see it, class?
Yes, ma’am.

Don’t you know that we can

measure this longest leg even
without actually measuring it?
How? Any guess?
By footsteps
Nice try. Any other answers?

By estimating

By estimating, maybe? Any

other guess?

None? We can measure

these sides using the
Pythagorean Theorem by
Pythagoras.

Who can define the

Pythagorean Theorem? Jerry,
please read. Pythagorean theorem, the
well-known geometric
theorem that the sum of
the squares on the legs of
a right triangle is equal to
the square of the
hypotenuse.

It says that this theory is only

applicable with right triangle
only. How will you know that
this is a right triangle? Yes,
Marvin?
If its angle has 90 degrees
measurements.

But how will you recognize a

right triangle in just one look?
It has a right triangle
symbol drawn on its angle.

P a g e 6 | 15
Well said

A right triangle has three

sides. The hypotenuse,
adjacent, and opposite.

It states that the area of the

square whose side is the
hypotenuse is equal to the
sum of the areas of the
squares on the other two
sides, or in familiar algebraic
2 2 2
notation of a + b =c

Diana said a while ago that

she took the route that she
thought was the shortcut
going to the canteen. Do you
think she is right? Yes!

How do you say so? Because of the

Pythagorean Theorem,
which states that a 2+ b2=c 2

Exactly right!

So going back to the

illustration, for example, if we
have here Clark’s route with
15 meters opposite and 10
meters adjacent, what would
be the hypotenuse’s
measurements that Diana
passed by?

Using the formula, a 2+ b2=c 2 ,

we will be getting the
unknown measurement.

We will follow the 3 steps, on

solving this equation.

First, plug a, b, and c into the

Pythagorean Theorem. We
will be getting the information
given in this illustration.

P a g e 7 | 15
Given:
a=10 meters

b=15 meters

c=?

Substitute the given with our

formula
2 2 2
a + b =c
2 2 2
10 +15 =c

Second step is to simplify the

equation
2 2 2
10 +15 =c
2
100+225=c
2
325=c

Third step is to solve for the

missing value
2
325=c

√ 325= √c 2
18.0278=c

The length of the hypotenuse

that Diana passed by is
18.0278 meters
Yes, ma’am
Is it clear, class?

Okay, thank you. Let us have

another example.” “Let’s say
there is a fire running out of
the building. There is one
person on the 4th floor who
needs to be saved. How long
of a ladder is needed for the
fireman to reach the victim?

Let’s refer to the illustration,

below.

P a g e 8 | 15
What’s the first step that we Plug a, b, and c into the
have to do again? Pythagorean Theorem.
Determine the given and
substitution.”

Given:
a=5 meters

b=12 meters

c=?
2 2 2
a + b =c
2 2 2
5 +12 =c

Remember, adjacent, or the

‘a’ on the formula, is the
shortest leg of a right triangle.
The opposite leg, or the ‘b’, is
the opposite side of the
adjacent. And of course, the
hypotenuse, or the 'c' is the
longest side of a right triangle.

What is our next step? Second step is to simplify

the equation

2 2 2
5 +12 =c
2
25+144=c
2
169=c
No
Is this the final answer?
Third step is to solve for
What we will do next? the missing value

For us to get the

P a g e 9 | 15
measurement needed by the
firemen, we will be getting the
square root of the both side of
the equation.
2
169=c

√ 169= √c 2
13=c

Therefore, the firemen need a

13-meters ladder to reach the
4th floor window to save the
person up there.

Are the steps clear, with you

all?Let us have a last Yes, mam
example.”

Who wants to try it on the

board?
a=200 cm
Yes, Erika?
b=210 cm

c=?
2 2 2
a + b =c
2 2 2
200 +210 =c
2
40,000 +44,100=c
2
84,100=c

√ 84,100= √ c2
290=c

Can you explain your work? I substitute the given value

in the illustration in the

P a g e 10 | 15
 2 2 2
formula: a + b =c . I
7 Integration simplified the equation and
minutes arrived at the answer of
290 cm.

Wonderful!

It seems like you have

already become familiar with
the Pythagorean Theorem’s
formula and steps. Let us
practice more by having a
group activity. This activity is
called ‘measure my length’. I
will divide you into five
groups; each group will be
given a problem that has to
be answered by the
members. The first three
groups to finish answering
first will receive a reward. Of
course, your works will be
posted on the board and will
be discussed by each group
representative.”

Are the instructions clear? Yes, ma’am

Okay, start counting 1-5 for 1,2,3,4,5

your groupings.
1,2,3,4,5

1,2,3,4,5
You may go to your groups.
On the count of five, you
should be with your groups
already: 1,2,3,4,5.
*/finds their groups
Okay listen. I will only give
you 5 minutes to discuss and
answer the assigned problem
to your group. You may start
*/solves the assigned
problem with the group

G1.
AE= AB−DC
AE=49 m−25 m
AE=24 m
2 2 2
a + b =c

P a g e 11 | 15
 2 2 2
24 +7 =c
Group 1. 576+ 49=c
2

√ 625= √c 2
25=c
“
G2.
h=hypotenuse
f= one leg
g= other leg
2 2 2
h + f =g
2 2 2
5 +3 =4
Group 2 25=9+16

G3.
2 2 2
a + b =c
2 2 2
9 +b =41
2
81+b =1681
2
b =1681−81
2
b =1600
√ b2= √1600
Group 3 b=40 ft

G4.
1. Used in construction
and architecture
2. Used in two-dimensional
navigation to find the
shortest distance.
3. Used to survey the
steepness of the slopes of
Group4 mountains or hills.
List at least 5 real-life 4. To calculate the length
examples and situations that of staircase required to
you can use the Pythagorean reach a window
theorem in everyday life. 5. To find the length of the
longest item can be kept in
your room.

Group 5

Okay time is up!

Post your works on the board

P a g e 12 | 15
 and explain your answers.
Starting with group 1.
G double O, D-J, O-B,
good job! Good job! (2x)

You certainly did well today,

everyone! Good job! Let’s
give everyone a good job
clap. Repeat after me.
3 GENERALIZATION
minutes G double O, D-J, O-B, good
job! Good job! (2x)

Alright. Congratulations,
Group 3! You were the first
group to finish the task. I learned that Pythagorean
Please receive your reward Theorem used only in right
after class. You may now go triangles. The area of the
back to your original seats. square whose side is the
hypotenuse is equal to the
To sum up the discussion for sum of the areas of the
today, who can give me a squares on the other two
brief explanation about our sides.
topic for today? Yes, Rey?

“a 2+ b2=c 2”

Yes, ma’am!
What is the formula for getting
the sides of a right triangle?”
To determine heights and
What do you think is the measurements in the
importance of studying and construction sites, know
learning the Pythagorean the height of the broken
Theorem? Can you use them tree lying on the floor due
in real life? to the heavy rain, and
many more.
In what aspect? Please
support your answer.

Yes, ma’am!

That’s an interesting way of None

looking at it.

P a g e 13 | 15
 Is everything clear to you Yes, ma’am.”
everyone? Do you have
clarifications regarding the
formula or steps?

Are you sure?

Very good!

If none, let us have a quiz

already.”

IV. EVALUATION (10 minutes)

A. DIRECTION: Solve the following word problem. Draw an illustration if possible.

1. A 17-meter piece of string is stretched from the top of a 15-meter flagpole to the
ground. How far is the base of the flagpole from the of the piece of string?
2. How far apart from the base of the house should an 18-foot ladder be placed so
that it exactly reaches the top of a 15-foot wall?
3. Mr. Cooper tells you that a right triangle has a hypotenuse of 200 mm and a leg of
172 mm. Find the length of the other leg.
B. DIRECTION: Find the missing length. Show your solution.
1. 2.

V. ASSIGNMENT (40 seconds)

A. DIRECTION: Solve the following.

B. Study the 45-45-90 right triangle theorem, the 30-60-90 right triangle
theorem, and a 1/2 crosswise, give your insight about this next lesson.

References: you are so beautiful pretty pretty

Grade 9 Mathematics Learner’s Material, page 21.

Prepared by:

DIANA C. ALMODIEL
BSED 3D

RHIO JANE A. CHAVEZ

P a g e 14 | 15
 BSED 3D

Approved by:

MARYGRACE B. POLVORIZA
Field Study 1 Instructor

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