7C have to, don't have to, must, mustn't • Use must + verb (infinitive without to) to talk about

rules and obligations.

have to, don't have to • must / mustn't is the same for all persons.
• Use mustn't + verb (infinitive without to) to say
El I have to get up at seven every day. (J 34>)) something is prohibited.

p must and have to

She has to speak English at work.
[:] We don't have to wear a uniform at this school.
He doesn't have to work on Saturdays. Must and have to are very similar, but there is a
[1] Do I have to huy a grammar book? small difference. We normally use have to for a
What time does she have to get up in the morning? general obligation (a rule at work / school or a law).
We normally use must for a personal obligation
(one that the speaker imposes). e.g. a teacher to
• Use have to+ verb (infinitive) to talk about rules and obligations.
students ora parent to a child. But often you can
• Use don't have to+ verb (infinitive) to say that there is no obligation, use either must or have to.
or that something is not necessary.
mustn't and don't have to
• Use do/ does to make questions and negatives. Do I have to go?
Mustn't and don't have to have completely
NOT llave I to go? different meanings. Compare:
• Don't contract have or has. [ have to go. NOT I've to go. You mustn't go. = lt's prohibited. Don·t go.
You don't have to go. = You cango if you want to.
must / mustn't but it's not obligatory / necessary.
Impersonal you
E] You must do your homework tonight. (~ 35>))
We often use have to and must with impersonal
She must tidy her room befare she goes out.
you (you = people in general), e.g.
[:] You mustn't leave your bags here.
You have to wear a seatbelt in a car. You mustn't
I mustn't forget to call her tonight. take photos in the museum.
(mustn't = mustnot)
[1] Must I huy a grammar book?
When must we register for the exam?

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 ..C: p.54

7C b @ t h e correct form, have to/ must , don't have to or

mustn't. ifboth forms are possible. '
a Complete the sentences with the correct form of have to. D W e ~ / mustn't go to work next week. It's
I don't have to go to school on Saturdays aholiday.
l Janice _ _ _ _ study very hard - she has exams soon. 1 D You don 't have to/ mustfl 't touch the oven. It's hot.
2 You _ _ _ _ stop your car ata red light. 2 D Do you have to/ m11st senda photo with your
passport form?
3 ____ your sister _ _ _ _ go to London for her
3 D The concert is free . You don 't have to/ mustn't pay.
job interview? 4 D I'm late for a meeting. 1 have to/ must go now.
4 You _ __ _ wear a uniform if you are a policeman.
5 D You don't have to/ mustn't leave the <loor open -the
5 We _ __ _ get up early tomorrow. Our flight leaves
dog will get out.
at 6.30. 6 O We have to/ must try that new restaurant in town.
6 Harry _ _ _ _ work today- his shop is closed.
7 O In Britain you have to/ must drive on the left.
7 1 go now. lt's very late. 8 O Do you have to /Must you be tal\ to be good at tennis?
g we _ _ _ _ go to bed? lt's only 10 o'clock!
-< p.s6 ,rnra •
 11

8
• Use should / shouldn't + verb (infinitive without to) to give
SA should I shouldn't somebody ad vice or say what you think is the right thing to d
0
should / shouldn't is the same for all persons. ·
You should wear a suit to the interview. f ~ 47>)) • We often use I think y ou should .. . or I don't think you should
I thi n k yo u should change your job. NOT l thinkyou 3/iouldri't . .. ..

p
I don't think you should sp eak to her.
He's very st ressed. H e shouldn't work so hard. oughtto
You shouldn't drink coffee in the evening. It'll keep you awake. You can also use ought to I ought not to instead of
should / shouldn't , e.g.
You ought to wear a suit. He ought not to work so hard.
 GRAMMAR BANK

b Complete the sentences with should or shouldn't + a

SA verb in the list.
a Complete with should or
slwuldn't. drive have go leave relax spend study walk wear

You s.rum1d. stop smoking. We should leave early. lt's going to start snowing soon.
l You _ _ _ _ work really l You _ _ _ a scarf. lt's really cold today.
long hours every day. 2 l ____ this afternoon. l have an exam tomorrow.
2 You - - - - lose a bit of weight. 3 You alone in that part of the city. Get a taxi.
3 You _____ et a more f ruit and vegetables. 4 She more. She's very stressed.
4 You - - - - - put so mueh sugar in your coffee. 5 You so fast at night - the roads are dangerous.
5 You start doing sorne exercise. 6 You to bed. You look tired.
6 You _____ drink less alcohol. 7 Parents more time with their children.
7 You - - - -- drink more water. 8 We a break yet - we only started work at 10.00.
8 You go to bed so late.
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