CONTENTS

Introduction.............................................................iv
Scheme of Work......................................................v
Computers Everywhere...........................................1
Computer and its parts............................................11
How Does a Computer Work...................................25
Input Devices ..........................................................30
Processing Device....................................................41
Output Device.........................................................48
Starting Your Computer...........................................57
Let Us Draw.............................................................62
References...............................................................69

iii
Introduction

• Understand that several devices can be attached to the computer to make it

• Be able to identify the different ways computers are used at different places
This Teacher’s Book has been designed to facilitate the teachers in imparting computer studies to the students using the
series “Computers Made Friendly”. Being a teacher, I know how challenging this job is. While developing these Teacher’s

• Know the names and be able to identify the main parts of a computer
Books, I have kept in mind all my experiences and situations (the good ones and the not so good ones) that I encountered
during my teaching tenure.

4th (1 peri- • Know that computers are used in almost all walks of life today

• Know the names, function and features of the following parts

I strongly believe that “Each teaching period is an enthralling challenge for the teacher, in which she teaches, she disciplines,
she manages and she smiles.” Yes! The smile is very important.

• Be able to notice the presence of computers everywhere

The lesson plans have been designed to provide you a basic architecture of how the book should be taught. However, each

4th (2 peri- • Understand that computers are made of several parts

teacher being a different individual might see it from a different perspective. It is not mandatory that you follow the lesson
plans exactly how they are. Please use your creativity, make it adaptable with your students and give it your best 

Learning Outcomes
Structure of the Document:

• Understand the importance of a computer

SCHEME OF WORK – COMPUTERS MADE FRIENDLY BOOK 2
The document contains information in various forms so that you may utilise it and make your teaching most effective.

• Teaching Periods

• Know the features of computer

The teaching periods refer to the periods that should be spent in the class, explaining various terms and concepts

• Be able to define a computer

to the students.

o Compact Disk
o Floppy Disk
• Lab Periods

o Keyboard

o Speakers
o Monitor
o Mouse
o Printer
Computer Studies is a subject that requires hands-on experience. Lab activities have been suggested to make the

o CPU
learning process interesting and enjoyable.

more useful
• Activities and Project Ideas

The Scheme of work has been designed keeping in view 3 periods per week
Certain activities, project ideas and discussion topics have been provided to the teacher so that you may use these
to interact with the students and inculcate knowledge in their minds.

• Beyond the book

8th (1 peri-
(weeks)
spread
I have added a few topics in the lesson plans; this has been done because I felt that it would be more suitable if a

over
Unit

ods)
od)

od)
2nd
3rd

th

th

7th
1st
brief gist of certain topics is given to the students to make the teaching and learning process more effective.

5
6
• Tips and Notes:

Written over (days)

spread
Some tips and notes are also added in the document for extra knowledge.

Unit

10

12
• Solution of exercises

For the ease of the teacher, the exercises mentioned in the book have been solved. However, you can use your own

Activi-
ty and
answers for the questions.

Work

4
• Worksheets

Teach- Lab Pe-

For practice of the students, worksheets have been created and added in the lesson plans of the relevant chapters.

riods

2
• Resources
I have kept the fact in consideration that the resources recommended in the lesson plans are easy to acquire. I

Periods
have also provided alternate solutions for resources for the teacher’s convenience.

ing

6
I hope the Teacher’s Book will be helpful to you in teaching the subject to its best.
Chapter

Chapter

Chapter
1

2
Umbreen Mahar

iv v
 Chapter 3 1 2 6 8th (2 peri- • Know the workflow of a computer
3 ods)
• Understand the meaning of input
th
9
• Understand what is processing
th
10 (1 pe- • Know what output means
riod)
• Identify input devices, processing device and output device
• Be able to relate this phenomenon to daily life

Chapter 7 2 4 13 10th (2 peri- • Understand what input devices are

4 ods)
• Identify the main input devices
th
11
• Know the structure if a keyboard
th
12 • Know the functions of all keys of keyboard
th
13 • Know the utility of mouse
14th (2 peri-

vi
ods)
Revision 15th and
16th
Exam- 17th and
ination 18th
Chapter 3 1 3 7 19th • Understand the meaning of processing
5
20th • Know which device is responsible for processing data in a computer

21st (1 peri- • Understand the features of a CPU

od) • Know the names ands functions of parts of the CPU
• Understand the importance of CPU

Chapter 3 1 3 7 22nd (2 • Understand what is meant by Output

6 periods)
• Know the names of common output devices
23st
• Understand the features and functions of a monitor
th
24 (2 peri- • Know the types of monitor
ods)
• Understand the utility of printer
• Know the types of printers
• Know what speakers are
Chapter 3 1 2 6 24th (1 pe- • Understand the correct method of starting a computer
7 riod)
• Know the meaning of terms related to computer
25th
• Learn the names of a few important programs
26th (2 peri-
ods) • Understand the prescribed method for shutting down the computer
• Understand the importance of starting and shutting down a computer properly
vii

• Know how to take care of computer

Chapter 4 3 2 10 26th (1 pe- • Be familiar with MS Paint

8 riod)
• Understand the procedure to start the MS Paint Program
th
27
• Know the names of various components of the MS Paint Window
th
28
• Know the names of various tools
• Be able to identify the tool dos MS Paint and know their utility
• Be able to draw pictures using MS Paint
Revision 29th and
30th

Exam- 31st
ination
32nd
 1 COMPUTERS EVERYWHERER

OBJECTIVE
• Be able to define a computer
• Know the features of computer
• Understand the importance of a computer
• Know that computers are used in almost all walks of life today
• Be able to identify the different ways computers are used at different places
• Be able to notice the presence of computers everywhere

LESSON PLAN
Day 1
Today would be the most important lesson for the teacher and students as both of them would be starting a new
academic session. The students have already learnt basics of computer. However, it would be ideal if you start with
a recap of the knowledge that they have already learnt. This will not only give you an opportunity to reinforce the
concepts but will also give you an idea of the level of knowledge and understanding of your student.

Take a poster of a computer to the class. (You can alternatively print an image which shows a computer. There are
uncountable images available for free on the internet.)

Start off the lesson by showing them the poster or printout. Ask them what it is?

The students will immediately answer:

It is a computer.
Now, ask them, “What do you know about a computer?”

They should start telling you the following points (which they have learnt in the last class):

• A computer is an electronic device.

• A computer works very fast.

• We can do many things on a computer.

Here, you should avail the opportunity of increasing their knowledge of features of computers. Add to their information
that:

• A computer does not make mistakes.

• A computer does not get tired.

• A computer does not forget anything stored on it.

• A computer makes our work very easy for us.

1
Now, proceed from here and ask the students: The use of computer is not limited to the fields mentioned above. Computers are used widely today. Provide the
students knowledge about as many fields as you can.
What can we do with a computer?
At Schools:
You will get answers like:
Start off with fields that the students can relate to. Such as their school, tell them that:
• Do calculations
• Computers are used in schools for teaching.
• Listen to music
• See videos • Computers are used for mathematical calculation.

• Store data • Students can do their work by using computer.

• Play games • Teachers prepare report cards of students by using computers.

Utilise 5 minutes on the following activity: • Students can practice things taught in the class by using computers.

Ask the students. Can we do more than one task on the computer simultaneously? Give them about 3 minutes to • The data of all students is also saved in a computer.
think. Then discuss it with them.
• Computers are also used to generate fee bills.
Here, the motive is to make the students clear that a computer can do more than one task at a time.

At Homes:
Day 2:
The next very relatable field where computers are used is our home. Tell the students that:
The students have already been taught about the definition and features of computer in the last class. Today they are
to be taught about “Uses of a Computer” • Computer is used to maintain personal records.
A computer has become an essential part of our life today. Start your lesson by asking the students • Computer can be used to do homework.
• “Where have you seen a computer?” • People make their home budgets using a computer.
They will give you several answers, such as: • Computers are used to communicate with friends and relatives.
• At home
• At school For Entertainment:
• At shops
Entertainment has become very much dependent on technology today. Computers today are being used by people
Once this is done, explain to them, that the computer is used in almost all fields of life today. The text book has of all ages across the world for entertainment such as:
information about certain areas, such as:
• Computers are used to play games.
• At Schools
• Computers are used to listen to music
• In Banks
• People watch movies on computers.
• In Offices
• Computers can also be used to make drawings.
• At Home
• In Shops
• At Hospitals
• At Railway Stations
• At Airports
• At fast food centres

2 3
 Day 3 Now, tell them that shops and supermarkets use computers to do the following tasks:

Today, the students would be taught about few more areas where computers are used. • Generate bills for the customers. Explain it to them, that when a computer generates a bill, it is quick and
correct. A human can make a mistake in calculations but a computer cannot.
At Banks:
• Shopkeepers also use the computer to maintain the record of things available in their shop. This helps them
Ask the students; “Have you ever been to a bank?” to tell the customer what things are available in the shop and what are not.
Some of them might say yes and some might say no. • The prices of all items in a shop are also recorded in a computer.
Ask the ones who have been to the bank; “Did you see computers there?”

They should say “Yes”. Computers at Fast-food centers:

Now, collectively, tell all the students that computers are used in banks for many purposes, for example: Like shops, fast food centres also use computers for:
• Computers are used to store data of various accounts. • Taking orders from customers.
• Computers are used to keep record of customers’ money in accounts. • Generating bills.
• Computers help in keeping record of cash in the bank.

You might want to tell them about ATMS. ATMS are basically machines that help people draw money at any time of Computers at Hospitals:
the day, even if the bank is closed. ATMS are operated through computers.
Hospitals also use computers for many tasks like:

• To keep record of all the patients in a hospital.

At Offices:
• To generate bills and slips for the patients.
After banks, the next field that the students need to be told about is Offices. Whether small or big, all offices use
computers to carry out tasks like: • To control machines used for diagnosis of disease.

• To type and print letters and reports. • To control machines used in operation theatres.

• To prepare salary slips.

• To communicate with each other. Day 5 and 6:

• To maintain records of operations in the office. Computers at Railway stations and Airports:
• To keep data of all employees in the office. Ask the students, have you ever visited another city or country? Further ask them, how did you travel to that city or
country?

Bring the students to the concept that long distances are travelled by trains or airplanes. Now, tell them that the place
Day 4: where we can board trains are called railway stations and the place where we can go on airplanes are called airports.
Computers in shops: Now, brief them on the uses of computers art railways stations and airports.
Start the lesson by asking students. Have you been to a big shop or supermarket? The students will answer in • Computers are used at railway stations and airports to generate tickets for passengers.
affirmation. Now, ask them, what did you see there? They will name many things that they must have seen there. Ask
them; “Did you see a computer there?” • The schedule of flights and trains are also controlled by computer.

They will say yes. • The pilots and train drivers also use computers to control the train or plane.

• Computers are used to record the information of all passengers on a train or airplane.

4 5
BEYOND THE BOOK: IN THE LAB:
Apart from the fields mentioned above (and in the text book) there are several other fields that are making use of Take the students to the computer lab and show them a video or presentation on the uses of computers in various
computer technology, a few of those are being written here for the teachers’ reference. You can pick and choose fields.
these and include them in your lecture in the class.
A few links are being provided here for the teachers’ convenience.
• Electronic Mail (E-mail): http://www.slideshare.net/swatikakade/computer-uses-in-different-areas
The e-mail is a service that transports text messages (with attachments of videos, audio, documents) from http://www.slideshare.net/badshah77/uses-of-computer-in-various-fields-of-life?from_search=5
sender to one or more receivers via computer. Today, instead of posting letters and documents to each other,
people all over the world use email service because it is not only very quick but is also inexpensive.

SOLUTION OF EXERCISES
• Video Conferencing: EXERCISE:
Video conferencing is a type of call which is done through a computer. In this type of call, people not only talk 1. Answer the following questions
to each other but also see each other through computers using internet.
a. What is a computer?
A computer is an electronic device that can do many things quickly and accurately.
• Electronic Shopping (E-Shopping):
Almost all businesses now have website that allow Internet users to buy their goods or services. Shopping can
take place using a computer at anytime of the day. b. Write any two things that you can do with a computer at home.

i. We can play games on the computer.

• Robots: ii. We can do sums on the computer.

A robot is an automatic programmable machine that moves and performs mechanical tasks. Robots are used
in a lot of fields today to do work quickly and efficiently.
c. What does a shopkeeper do on a computer?

A shop keeper prepares bill on a computer.

• Weather Forecasting:
Computers are used today to forecast weather. This not only helps people know about the coming weather
but also helps them to plan their daily life accordingly. d. How does a computer help a pilot?

A computer helps a pilot in flying the airplane.

• Animation and graphic design

The cartoons and animated movies that all the students must have seen on TV or on Computers are designed 2. Fill in the blanks.
using computers. It was a difficult task earlier as drawing the same sketch over and over again would require
a. Electricity
a lot of time and effort. However, today, using computers, the task has become much easier and more
entertaining. b. Easy

c. Money

d. Bills

e. Doctors

6 7
 3. Match the following: WORKSHEET:
a. Schools Making Salary slips

b. Offices Making entries in passbooks Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________

c. Home Making bills

d. Shops Making timetables Imagine you are a doctor. How will you use a computer in your hospital?
e. Banks Writing letters and listening to music 1________________________________________________________________
PROJECT IDEA
2________________________________________________________________
From newspapers or magazines, find at least 3 articles which show the use of computers in various fields. Paste
them on a coloured paper and submit to your teacher.
3________________________________________________________________

4________________________________________________________________

5________________________________________________________________

Write the names of 5 fields in which computers are used.

1________________________________________________________________

2________________________________________________________________

3________________________________________________________________

4________________________________________________________________

5________________________________________________________________

8
WORKSHEET:

Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________

2 A COMPUTER AND ITS PARTS

Find the following words in the word grid given below OBJECTIVE
• Understand that computers are made of several parts
SCHOOL COMPUTER BILLS OFFICE
• Know the names and be able to identify the main parts of a computer

• Understand that several devices can be attached to the computer to make it more useful
GAMES MUSIC SHOP AIRPORT
• Know the names, function and features of the following parts

o Keyboard
S C H O O L Q o CPU
W O R F T Y M o Monitor
U M I F O P U o Mouse
G P B I L L S o Printer
A U A C S D I o Floppy Disk
M T F E G H C o Compact Disk
E E J Z X C V o Speakers
S R S H O P
A I R P O R T LESSON PLAN:
Day 1
Initiate the lesson by showing the students a poster or picture of the human body.

(Image can be taken from the internet; one is being added in this guide at the end of this chapter)
Correct the jumbled words given below: Instruct the students that they should tell the name of the part of the body that you touch on the poster / picture.

1. RAINT _____________________ Start pointing at one body part each and let the students respond to it by naming the body part.

Now, show them a picture of a computer.

2. ASFT _____________________
(Image can be taken from the internet; one is being added in this guide at the end of this chapter)
3. ABNK _____________________
Give the children similar instructions about this poster / picture as given for identification of parts of human body.
4. MOHE _____________________ With the help of the picture, let the students identify the parts of computer shown in the poster.

5. NOMEY _____________________

11
Now, tell the students that a computer has three essential parts, which are: The students will keep answering the questions asked by you. Once this is done, ask them how did they answer the
questions? Brief it to them that they were able to answer the questions because their brain helped them.
• Keyboard
Now, tell it to the students that CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of the computer. Just as our brain
• CPU
controls all the different parts of the body and makes them work together, the CPU controls all other parts of the
• Monitor computer and makes them work together. All other parts of the computer are connected to CPU. Just as our brain
stores a lot of information, the CPU also stores all the information in the computer. They should now understand
Keyboard: that any task being done by the computer is done through the CPU. And hence, this can be termed as the most
important part of the computer.
A keyboard is an input device. It is called “Keyboard” because it is made of several small buttons called ‘keys’. Each
key corresponds to a number or a letter or some special function. Just as you use a pencil to write on a paper, the
computer needs a keyboard to tell it what to do.
Day 3
A standard keyboard has 104 keys on it. However, there are several keyboards available which have more than
104 keys. (This point has to be explained to the students as they are very young and might get confused if the Mouse:
keyboards in their homes or school have more keys than 104)
A mouse is also an input device. It is called a mouse because it resembles the real mouse. A mouse usually has two
Tell the students that a keyboard is an important part of the computer because it helps us in communicating with
buttons which are called “left button” and “right button”.
the computer.
Tell the students that like a keyboard, a mouse also helps us in giving instructions to the computer. Further, explain
to them that when we move a mouse, a small arrow called the pointer moves on the screen. We can use this
Day 2 pointer to open programs on the computer.
Monitor: Also inform the students that a mouse is kept on a mouse pad. They might ask you what happens if we do not
keep a mouse on a mouse pad. Explain to them that the mouse might not work properly if we keep it on a rough
Explain to the students that a monitor is a standard output device that shows the results of any task done on the
surface, hence, it should always be placed on a mouse pad.
computer. Monitor is also one of the important parts of computer, because without monitor, system can’t work.
It looks like a television and can be of several sizes and types. Additionally, tell the students that there are two types of mouse:
A standard monitor has a power (on/off) switch. Turning the monitor off does not turn off the computer. There may • Optical Mouse
also be other buttons to be used for adjusting the colours / look of the display. The glass surface of the monitor is
called the screen, whereas the monitor is the entire box with the screen, case, stand and buttons. One which has a trackball inside it
Also tell them that monitors in the past were large and occupied a lot of space, but with development in technology, • Mechanical Mouse
the monitors have become smaller in size.
One which has laser underneath it.
You can also tell them about the different types of monitors (this can be skipped as the students of grade 2 are
young and might not be able to grasp the concept). Below mentioned are the types of monitors:
• CRT Monitors
• LCD Monitors
A mouse is also called a pointing device.
• LED Monitors
CPU:
Day 4
CPU stands for “Central Processing Unit”. It is the part of the computer that takes care of all the processing.
Make the explanation interesting by asking the students the following questions: By now, the students already know about the devices that are essential for a computer to function. Now, they
should be taught about devices that can be attached with a computer to make it more useful.
1. What is your name?
2. What is my (the teacher’s) name? Start the lesson by a recap of the names of 4 essential parts of a computer, i.e. Monitor, CPU, Keyboard, and
Mouse.
3. What is the name of our country?
4. 2 + 7 is equal to? After this, inform the students that there are numerous devices that people attach to their computers according
to their needs and utility of their computer. However, a few commonly used devices are:
5. What is your date of birth?
12 13
 • Printer It would be ideal if you could open up a floppy disk in front of the students (or take a floppy already opened out of
the case). Tell and show the students that a floppy comprises of a magnetic plate / sheet which is put into a plastic
• Floppy Disk case. The plastic case basically protects the magnetic plate.

• Compact Disk (CD) Additionally, tell the students that a floppy disk is inserted in a computer through a floppy drive. This drive reads
and writes data on a floppy disk.
• Digital Video Disk (DVD)
Compact Disk (CD):
• Universal Serial Bus Flash Drive (USB)
Start the lesson by showing a CD to the students. Ask them if they know what it is? Most of them would know that
(It should take you about 2 days to finish teaching them about the devices mentioned above.) it is called a “CD”. However, not many would know why it is called a CD? Ask the class if they know the answer?
Proceed further by explaining it to them that the word CD is an abbreviation (short form) of Compact Disk.
Now, proceed with the lesson by briefing the students about printers.
Write these two words on the board. And write their meanings as follows:
Printer:
Ask the students:
COMPACT DISK
Imagine that using a computer, your mother has made a list of things to be bought from the market. How will she
take the list with her? Should she carry the computer to the market?

The students should say “No” Small flat, thin circular object

Now, explain it to the students that any document or picture on the computer can be printed on paper. This is Now, by combining the above two words, you can tell the students that a Compact disk is a small, flat, thin circular
done by a printer. object, which is used to store data.

A printer is a machine that copies the data from a computer to a paper. This printed copy is called “printout” or Elaborate the concept further by telling the students that a CD also stores data like a floppy, but it is more popular
“hard copy”. because of the following reasons:

Further, add to the students’ knowledge that printers can be of a lot of shapes and sizes and can print in black and • It can store many types of data like games, pictures, documents and music.
white form as well as coloured form.
• A CD can hold up to 700 MB of data.
They should also be told that a printer has an on/off switch and is connected to the CPU using a cable.
• It is much more reliable than a floppy as it does not get damaged easily.

Day 6
The files saved on a computer are called soft copy and the ones printed are called hard copy.
Digital Video Disk (DVD)
Start the lesson by writing the word DVD on the board. Ask the students if they know what a DVD is?
Day 5
Ideally, a few of them might be able to tell you that they have seen DVDS of cartoons in their homes. However,
Floppy Disk usually a DVD is also referred to as a CD in common language. Hence, there is a chance that the students are not
familiar with DVDS.
Take a floppy disk to the class. Show it to the students and ask them if they know what it is? A few might even know
what it is. Start telling the students about a Floppy disk. The full form of DVD should be now written on the board, which is Digital Video Disk.
Below mentioned are a few attributes of a floppy disk: Tell them that a DVD is also a storage device which looks like a CD but can store a lot more data than a CD. A single
• A floppy disk is a storage device. DVD can store up to 4.7GB of data which is almost 6 and a half (6.7 to be precise) times a CD.
Hence, it will take 7 CDS to store the data of a single DVD.
• It is one of the oldest devices used for storing data.
• It can store up to 1.44 MB data.
USB Flash Drive:
• It is square in shape.
Take a small bag or box with you which contains several items like, a pencil, a ruler, a CD, a floppy, a USB.
• It is also called 3 ½ inch disk.
14 15
Instruct the class that they should tell you the name of the object that you pull out from the box. SOLUTION OF EXERCISES
Now, one by one, take out all the things from your bag or box, making sure that you keep the USB inside till the EXERCISE:
end.
1. Answer the following
The students are familiar with all these objects and will easily tell you their names.
a. Name the three essential parts of a computer.
In the end, when only the USB is left in the bag or box, tell them that they do not need to tell the name of the
object and that you will tell them what it is. The three essential parts of computer are:

Now, show them the USB and tell them that the USB is also a storage medium. It can store more data than a CD, i. Monitor
or a floppy or a DVD but is the smallest in size amongst all these devices.
ii. Keyboard
Write down the full form of USB on the board which is Universal Serial Bus. This might be a difficult word for the
iii. CPU
students, tell them that a USB is also called:

• Pen Drive
b. What is a keyboard used for and how?
• Flash Drive
A keyboard is used to communicate with the computer by pressing the buttons on it.

PROTECTING STORAGE DEVICES:

c. What happens on the screen when you move the mouse on the mouse pad?
The students have already learnt about the properties and uses of floppy disk, CD, DVD and USB. It is important
that they know how to use and protect these drives. Below mentioned are a few points to remember while using When we move the mouse an arrow like pointer moves on the screen.
these storage devices:

• Always keep a floppy, CD, and DVD in its case. This will protect it from scratches.
d. Which part of the computer performs calculations?
• Do not write on a floppy, CD, and DVD. If you have to label it, use stickers.
The CPU performs all calculations.
• Do not try to break a floppy, CD, and DVD with your hands. You might hurt yourself.

• Insert all the storage devices in their relevant drives properly, do not push or pull the disks from their
drives. e. What is the use of storage devices? Name two storage devices.

• Do not keep a floppy, CD, DVD or USB in sunlight. Storage devices are used to store data. The names of two storage devices are:

• Keep all the storage devices away from food and water. i. Floppy Disk

• Do not bend any of the storage devices. ii. Compact Disk

• Open a word processor on the computer. Ask the students to type 5 lines about themselves. And then take
printouts of the document.

IN THE LAB:
• Take the students to the computer lab. Show the students the parts of computer already taught to them.
Ask them to make a list of devices attached to their computer.

• Take the students to the lab. Demonstrate to them how floppy, CD, DVD and USB are inserted and taken
out from their specific drives or port. Also brief them on how to protect the storage devices.

16 17
 2. Write the differences between the following: WORKSHEET:
a. Keyboard and mouse

S. No Keyboard Mouse Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________

1 A keyboard has many buttons called A mouse has only two buttons called right and
keys. left button. Colour the keys on the keyboard that would be used to type your name.
2 A keyboard is big in size. A mouse is small in size.

b. Monitor and printer

S. No Monitor Printer
1 A Monitor shows result on the A printer shows result on paper.
screen.
2 A computer cannot work without a A computer can work without a printer.
monitor.

3. Fill in the blanks.

a. Input

b. Central Processing Unit

c. Television

d. Mouse pad

e. Printer

f. Store

18
WORKSHEET: WORKSHEET:

Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________ Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________

Mr. Owl printed his picture but he did not have a coloured printer. Can you change this black and white printout Label the picture from the words given below. Also colour it.
to a coloured printout?
WORKSHEET:

Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________

Write the full forms of:

• CD ___________________________________
• DVD ___________________________________
• USB ___________________________________

Also draw their pictures.

 34 PARTSDOES
HOW OF AACOMPUTER
COMPUTER WORK

OBJECTIVE:
• Know the workflow of a computer

• Understand the meaning of input

• Understand what is processing

• Know what output means

• Identify input devices, processing device and output device

• Be able to relate this phenomenon to daily life

LESSON PLAN
Day 1
The students have already gained knowledge about the various parts of the computer and their use. It is the right
time to brief them on how a computer functions.

Initiate the class by switching the fan off. Now, switch it on again. Repeat this a few times and then ask the students:

What did you notice? Why did the fan stop working when we switched the button off? And why did it start working
when the switch was turned on?

Bring the concept to them, that the switch on the wall is connected to the fan. When we turn the switch off, the
supply of electricity discontinues to the fan and hence it stops rotating. However, when we turn the switch on, the
fan gets the electricity and starts rotating.

By this example, the students should understand that machines require an input so that they may process it and
provide us the output.

Clarify the concept further by giving them the example of extraction of orange juice mentioned in the textbook.

Write the three terms on the board so that you may explain it to them.

Input Processing Output

From the example given to them, make them understand that the oranges put in the machine were the INPUT

The Machine squeezing the oranges was the PROCESSING

And the Juice was the OUTPUT.

25
 Day 2 Now, divide the board into three columns, with the help of the students, write the names of input devices,
processing device and output devices.
Provide a recap of the concept taught in the previous class to the students by asking them. How do you make ice
in the freezer?
It involves 3 steps:
Input Devices Processing Devices Output Devices
• You put a tray filled with water in the freezer. This is input Mouse CPU Monitor
• The freezer cools the water. This is processing. Keyboard Printer
• You take out the ice from the freezer. This is output. Speakers
Reinforce it to the students that all machines follow the three step model for working.
Proceed further with the lesson by telling the students that a computer is also a machine. It also follows the three IN THE LAB:
steps .i.e. Input, Processing and Output.
Take the students to the computer lab. Show them the input, processing and output devices attached to the
You can either use the example given in the textbook or the following example (or both) to your students in order computer present in the lab. Also show them a presentation on the IPO Cycle.
to make them understand the concept.
First few pages of the following file can be shown as presentation.
Ask the students to assume that you want to type your name on the computer. What will be the steps involved?
http://www.taknga.edu.hk/~admin1/cit/chap01.pdf
1. The student will push the buttons of the keyboard.
2. The computer will recognise the keys pressed and process them according to the sequence.
SOLUTION OF EXERCISES
3. The monitor will show their name on the screen.
Here, step 1 is input, step 2 is processing and step 3 is output. EXERCISE:

In the same way, the keyboard which was used for entering the data is the input device. The CPU is the processing 1. Answer the following
device and the monitor is the output device.
a. Name the three major functions performed by the computer.

The computers perform three major functions:

Day 3:
i. Input
The students have already learnt about the process of working of computer. The phenomenon of providing data
to the computer to process and give us the results is called the IPO cycle. ii. Processing
Today, utilise the lesson in reinforcing and clarifying the concept. iii. Output
Start the lesson by writing IPO CYCLE on the board.
Ask the children to guess what it might mean. Some of them might guess it, however, even if they don’t. Explain it b. Name the two parts of computer which perform the input function.
to them by using the following information:
The two parts that perform the input function are:

i. Mouse

ii. Keyboard

c. What do you understand by processing?

Processing means working of the computer on the input to provide us output.

26 27
 WORKSHEET:
d. What is output? Explain with an example.

Output means the result of any process. Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________
When we enter our name using the keyboard, the CPU processes it and shows us our name on the
monitor. This name on the monitor screen is the output. Think and write the IPO cycle for the following tasks:

2. Write True or False.

Making Juice
a. False

b. False Input: _______________________________________________________

c. True Process: _______________________________________________________
d. True
Output: _______________________________________________________

3. Fill in the blanks with INPUT, OUTPUR or PROCESS.

a. INPUT Cooking Rice

b. PROCESS, OUTPUT Input: _______________________________________________________

Process: _______________________________________________________

Output: _______________________________________________________

Washing Clothes
Input: _______________________________________________________

Process: _______________________________________________________

Output: _______________________________________________________

28
 4 INPUT DEVICES
A keyboard looks like a type-writer.

OBJECTIVE
Day 2:
• Understand what input devices are
You have already briefed the children about the basic information about a keyboard. Now, they need to be taught
• Identify the main input devices about the various types of keys present on the computer.
• Know the structure if a keyboard Initiate the lesson by telling the students that a keyboard has several types of keys which perform specific functions.
The keys can be divided in the following categories:
• Know the functions of all keys of keyboard
• Alphabet Keys
• Know the utility of mouse.
• Numeric Keys
• Function Keys
LESSON PLAN:
• Arrow Keys
Day 1
• Special Keys
The students have already learnt about the IPO Cycle. They are also familiar with the term “Input Devices”.
Now, explain each type of key to the students. Start with Alphabet Keys.
Start the lesson by providing a recap to the students that “Input is the instruction or data given to the computer”
and the devices used to do this are called “Input Devices” Alphabet keys:
Input Device: As the name suggests, these keys represent the alphabet. The English alphabet has 26 letters, hence there are 26
alphabet keys present on every keyboard.
An input device is used to give instructions to the computer.
These keys are used to type alphabets.
The input devices basically tell the computer what to do. They provide the data to the computer.

Tell the students that there are several input devices. But the most commonly used input devices are:

• Keyboard
Tell the students that today, keyboards are available with keys that represent other languages such as
• Mouse Urdu and Arabic.
Both these devices help us to communicate with the computer. ACTIVITY:
Keyboard: Get a quick activity done in the class to make the concept clear and interesting.
A keyboard is an input device. It is called “Keyboard” because it is made of several small buttons called ‘keys’. Each Ask the students to take a paper and draw the keys on it which represent their names. For E.g:
key corresponds to a number or a letter or some special function. Just as you use a pencil to write on a paper, the
computer needs a keyboard to tell it what to do.
S I D R A
A standard keyboard has 104 keys on it. However, there are several keyboards available which have more than
104 keys. (This point has to be explained to the students as they are very young and might get confused if the
keyboards in their homes or school have more keys than 104)

Tell the students that a keyboard is an important part of the computer because it helps us in communicating with
the computer.

30 31
Numeric Keys: Special Keys:
While typing documents, we not only require alphabets but also numbers. For typing numbers, the keyboard has Tell the students that the keyboard has several keys which are used for special purposes. These keys are very
10 keys that represent numbers from 0 to 9. When we press a number key on the keyboard, the number is shown helpful because they do special tasks that make the look of our documents better.
on the monitor.
These keys are called special keys; they are:

• Enter Key

• Caps lock key

Numeric keys are also called number keys.
• Shift Key

• Space Bar
ACTIVITY:
• Delete Key
Ask the students to convert the following words into numbers and draw keys representing them:
• Backspace Key
• Nine plus three
The detail of a few special keys is not given in the textbook. However, it is suggested that you also brief the
• Fourteen August Nineteen Forty Seven students on the following special keys:
• Fifteen December • Escape key
• Seven minus two • Tab key

• Num lock key

Day 3: Enter Key
Function Keys: Remind the students that whenever they are writing something. They often change the paragraph by starting
writing in the next line.
The students already know about alphabet keys and number keys.
The Enter key tells the computer to move to the next line of a document. This key is also used to tell the computer
Today, the students will be taught about function keys. Tell them that function keys are helping keys which help us that the instruction is over. For example, if we are working on a file and want to save it, we will give the file a name
to do many tasks. There are 12 function keys which are labelled from F1 to F12. and press the Enter key. As soon as we press this key, the computer will save the file with the name given by us.
The students of this class are too young to be told about the versatility of the functions that can be performed
using these keys. However, tell them that these keys are used for quick tasks such as asking help from the computer,
changing the names of files etc. Day 4
Arrow Keys Caps Lock Key
Arrow keys are used for moving the cursor on a monitor. There are four arrow keys which represent Upward, The Caps lock key is one of the most important special keys. While typing a text, if we want to make all the letters
Downward, Left and Right. of the text capital, it is done by the Caps Lock Key.

The arrow keys have arrows printed on them. Using these keys, we can move the cursor to any direction. Caps lock key is used to make headings in a document or give importance to a specific part of the document.

The students might not know what a cursor is, tell them that a cursor is a blinking line that shows on the monitor We can turn the caps lock function on and off as required by pressing the caps lock key. When the caps lock
when we are typing anything. function is on, a light appears on the keyboard.

Arrow keys are also called cursor control keys because they can control the movement and position of Caps lock is also called Upper case.
a cursor.

32 33
Shift Key: Escape key
A shift key is a special key that does not work alone. It is used in combination with another key. There are several The Escape key is used to cancel any operation. The key has “esc” printed on it which is the short form of escape.
functions that a shift key can perform, some of which are:
Tab key
• If you press the shift key with any alphabet key, the text shows in Capital letters.
There are times when you wish to add more space between two words. For this, the keyboard has a special key
• If you press the shift key with any number key, symbols appear on the monitor screen. called Tab key.
Space bar: A tab key basically provides uniform space between two words. This space is larger than the space provided by
the space bar.
Write the following sentence on the board:
Num lock key
Wearestudyingcomputer.
There are some keyboards which have a separate numeric keypad on the right side of the keyboard. If you want
Ask the students what is wrong with the sentence, and can they read it? They would say “No” to use this numeric keypad, you will have to turn on the num lock.
Now, rewrite the same words providing proper spacing: Switching off the num lock keypad disables the typing of numbers on pressing these keys.
We are studying computer. A light near the numeric keypad indicates that the num lock is on.
Tell the students that it is necessary for some space to be present between two words. This space enables us to
read properly.
Day 6
While typing a document on the computer, the space bar helps us to provide appropriate space between two
words so that our document looks proper and can be read easily. The students have been taught about one input device, the keyboard, they should now be taught about the
second and very important input device, which is the Mouse.
Also tell the students that the space bar is the longest key on the keyboard.
If we know how to work with both these devices, using the computer becomes a lot easier.
Mouse:
Day 5:
A mouse is also an input device. It is used to interact with the computer by clicking various options available on
Initiate the lesson by writing the word “Computer Stdies” on the board. Let the students notice the spelling mistake. the screen. It is called a mouse because it resembles the real mouse. A mouse usually has two buttons which are
Now, correct the word on the board and ask them: called “left button” and “right button”. Sometimes a mouse also has a centre button or roller which is used to scroll
up and down quickly.
Do you know how can we correct a mistake while typing a document? Tell them that it is done with two keys:
Further, explain to them that when we move a mouse, a small arrow called the pointer moves on the screen. We
• Delete Key can use this pointer to open programs on the computer.
• Backspace Key Also inform the students that a mouse is kept on a mouse pad. They might ask you what happens if we do not
keep a mouse on a mouse pad. Explain to them that the mouse might not work properly if we keep it on a rough
Delete Key: surface, hence, it should always be placed on a mouse pad.
The delete key is used to delete any letter or number which has been typed by mistake. Pressing the delete Also explain to them that there are two types of mouse:
key once deletes one letter, so, if you have to delete more than one letters or numbers, you will have to repeat • Optical Mouse
pressing the delete key.
• Mechanical Mouse
This key acts like an eraser in our daily life. The delete key deletes the text or number on the right side of the cursor.
Backspace Key
The backspace key has the same function as of the delete key, the only difference is that the backspace key erases
the text or number on the left of the cursor. A mouse is also called a pointing device.
BEYOND THE BOOK: Using a Mouse:
As mentioned earlier, the book does not contain information about certain special keys, you can add these to your Now, once they are well informed with what a mouse is, explain to them various terms and processes related to
lecture to enhance the knowledge of the students. mouse.
34 35
Clicking: IN THE LAB
The students already know that the mouse has buttons on it. Pressing and releasing these buttons is called clicking. • Take the students to the lab. Ask them write 5 sentences about themselves. And also type the following:

There are two types of clicking: o My Name is ______________

• Left Clicking o PAKISTAN ZINDABAD

• Right Clicking o @#%*()

o 2 + 9 = 11
Left Clicking:
• Take the students to the lab. Show them an optical mouse and a mechanical mouse. They should understand
Tell the students that while using a computer, if you want to select a file, you will move the mouse pointer to the the difference in the working of both of these devices. Additionally, ask them to perform the following task
icon of the file and press the left button of the mouse. using a mouse.
This is called left clicking. o Select “My Documents”
Right Clicking: o Drag and Drop it to another location on the desktop
Tell the students that after selecting the icon with the help of left click, if you press the right button of the mouse, o Press right click on the “My Documents” folder and write down all options that are shown on the
it will display the properties of the item selected. screen.

This is called right clicking.

SOLUTION OF EXERCISES
EXERCISE:
Day 7
1. Answer the following
Double Clicking:
a. What is a keyboard?
The students have already learnt what clicking means, they also know what is left click and right click.
A keyboard is an input device that is used to communicate with the computer.
The next thing that should be brought to their knowledge is double clicking. Explain it to the students that while
using a computer, if you wish to open a certain file or execute a program, you will have to use the double click.
b. Name three different types of keys present on a keyboard.
A double click basically means pressing and releasing the left button of the mouse twice very quickly. As soon as
you do this, the computer will open the program on which the double click was made. There are many types of keys present on the keyboard:
Drag and Drop: i. Alphabet keys
After being taught about the basic function of a mouse, you will brief the students about the “Drag and Drop” ii. Numeric Keys
function of a mouse. iii. Function Keys
Drag and drop means to select and item and more it to another location.
Let us assume that we wish to drag an item from one location of the computer and drop it to another. c. Name any three special keys on a keyboard.
The steps followed in this process are: The names of three special keys are:
• Move the mouse pointer to the item that needs to be moved. i. Enter Key

• Click the left button of the mouse to select it. ii. Shift Key

• Now, press and hold the left button of the mouse. iii. Space Bar

• Start moving the mouse on the mouse pad. You will notice that the selected item is also moving in the
direction that you move the mouse. d. What is the use of the Enter key?
• When you reach the desired location on the screen of the monitor, release the left button of the mouse. The Enter key is used to shift the cursor to the next line.
• This will drop the file at the location selected by you.

36 37
 e. How do you use a mouse to give input to the computer? WORKSHEET:
A mouse is used to give input to the computer by selecting an item on the screen of the monitor.

Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________

f. What is double clicking?
Double clicking means pressing and releasing the left button of the mouse quickly. It helps us to Follow the instructions given and colour the keyboard.
open a program.
2. Fill in the blanks
a. 104
b. 26
c. F1-F12
d. Arrow
e. Backspace
f. Caps Lock
g. Input

3. Match the following:

a. F5 Arrow Key

b. D Number Key

c. 9 Function Key

d. ↓ Special Key
i. Colour the keys of your name Blue
e. Caps Lock Alphabet Key
ii. Colour all the function keys Red
4. Write down the keys to type the following iii. Colour the number keys Orange
(This is not being solved because it will vary from student to student.)
iv. Colour all the special keys Green

v. Colour the arrow keys Yellow

38
WORKSHEET:
Name: __________________________

Re-write the jumbled words.

Class: __________________________ 5 PROCESSING DEVICE

OBJECTIVE
• Understand the meaning of processing
O U S E M
• Know which device is responsible for processing data in a computer
R A R W O
• Understand the features of a CPU
F T I S H
• Know the names and functions of parts of the CPU
F E L T
• Understand the importance of CPU
M U N B E R

LESSON PLAN:
i. __________________________________
Day 1
ii. __________________________________
Before teaching them about a processing device, it is more appropriate that the students are made to understand
iii. __________________________________ the meaning of the term “process” and “processing”.
iv. __________________________________ Initiate the lesson by writing the word “Process” on the board. Now, ask the students if they know what process is?
v. __________________________________ Explain it to them, that “process” is the method of doing a task to achieve a result. Give an example to the students:

How do you come to school daily?

It is done by a process, which is:

Colour and label the mouse. • Wake up in the morning

• Get ready

• Have breakfast

• Come to school

In the same way, all the things we do require a method. This method is called process of doing that thing.

Now, the students understand the meaning of process. Proceed further by asking them, if they can comprehend
what processing means.

The word processing means carrying out all steps in order to achieve a result.

Demonstrate the following in front of them:

• Ask the students to look carefully at you.

• Take a paper and make a paper plane or ship from it.

• Now ask them, what did you do to the paper?

41
You processed it and made it into a ship! The steps taken by you (folding and shaping the paper) were PROCESSING. ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT

Now, once the students understand the meaning of process and processing. Explain to them what a Processing
Device is.
Calculation Reasons Device
Processing Device:
By adding these words, it can be said that the Arithmetic Logic Unit is the part of CPU that controls all the
Processing device can be defined as: calculations. It also understands the logics and makes decision.
Any device that deals with the input and output of the data in a computer is called processing device. Give the following examples to the students:
The computer is a machine that works on the IPO (Input – Processing – Output) Cycle. • If we ask the computer to add 3 and 5, the ALU will process this data and give us answer 7.
So, processing can only be done when the input is provided to the computer. • If we ask the computer which is bigger, 4 or 8? The ALU will read both numbers and decide that 8 is bigger
than 4.
Tell the students that when we give instructions to the computer, it understands them and then processes them.

The part that is responsible for processing data or input is the CPU.

Arithmetic means calculations.

CPU:
Memory Unit:
CPU stands for “Central Processing Unit”. It is the part of the computer that takes care of all the processing.
Tell the students that the part of the CPU that stores all the data and instructions.
Tell it to the students that CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of the computer. Just as our brain controls all
the different parts of the body and makes them work together, the CPU controls all other parts of the computer When we use the input devices to communicate with the computer and provide instructions to it, the Memory
and makes them work together. All other parts of the computer are connected to CPU. Just as our brain stores a Unit (MU) stores them and then the ALU process them.
lot of information, the CPU also stores all the information in the computer. They should now understand that any The memory unit is also called MU.
task being done by the computer is done through the CPU. And hence, this can be termed as the most important
part of the computer.
Control Unit:
The third part of the CPU is the Control Unit.
This part controls all parts of the computer, such as:
Often, people use the word computer and CPU for the same thing. However, it is wrong. CPU is a
processing device. While the computer is the whole unit comprising of Monitor, CPU and Keyboard etc. • When we give an instruction to the computer through input device, it accepts the data from it.
• Now, the CU sends the instruction to the memory unit or the arithmetic logic unit.
Day 2 • After the ALU has processed the data. The CU sends the results to the output devices.
The students have thorough knowledge about a CPU. In today’s lesson, they will be taught about the parts of a • The CU also helps data to be stored on the computer through the MU.
CPU.
The CPU is divided into three parts.
Day 3
• Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
BEYOND THE BOOK:
• Memory Unit (MU)
The textbook contains information about the main processing device which is the CPU. However, it is recommended
• Control Unit (CU) that you teach them about a few other processing devices such as:

Each of these parts has its own function to do. Let us now study about these parts. • Graphic Card

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) • Sound Card

• Network Card
Write the words Arithmetic Logic Unit on the board. Explain each word one by one to provide the students a
ground for the concept. Below mentioned are the functions of each:
42 43
Graphic Card SOLUTION OF EXERCISES
A graphic card is also called a video card. EXERCISE:

It controls the quality of the images displayed on the screen of a monitor. 1. Answer the following questions:
a. Name the three units of a computer.
The three units of a computer are:
Sound Card
i. Input Unit
A sound card is also called as audio card.
ii. Processing Unit
The function of a sound card is to control the input and output of audio or sound in the computer.
iii. Output Unit
If the sound card of computer stops working, we will not be able to listen to music on the computer.

b. What is the full form of CPU? What does the CPU do?
Network Card The full form of CPU is Central Processing Unit. The CPU is a processing device which processes and
stores data.
Today, most people use the computer to communicate with others through the internet. A computer cannot
connect to the internet if it does not have a network card installed in it.

The network card controls the flow of input and output of a computer with the internet. c. Name the three parts of the CPU
The three parts of a CPU are:
i. Arithmetic logic Unit (ALU)
IN THE LAB
ii. Memory Unit (MU)
• Take the students to the lab. Show them horizontal as well as vertical CPUs present in the lab. Also show
them the parts of a CPU which have been taught in this lesson. iii. Control Unit (CU)

d. Explain the functions of the Arithmetic logic Unit.

• From the internet, collect a few pictures of the ALU, MU and CU of the CPU. Show it to the students.
The ALU does all the calculations and makes logical decisions.

2. Fill in the blanks:

a. CPU
b. Arithmetic
c. Control Unit
d. MU
e. Output

3. Write the full form of:

a. CPU Central Processing Unit
b. ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit
c. CU Control Unit
d. MU Memory Unit

44 45
WORKSHEET: WORKSHEET:

Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________ Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________

Colour the picture and fill in the missing words: You already know what a process is. Write the processes for the following tasks:

Going to School

i. ____________________________________________________________

ii. ____________________________________________________________

iii. ____________________________________________________________

iv. ____________________________________________________________
v. ____________________________________________________________

vi. ____________________________________________________________

Brushing Your Teeth

i. ____________________________________________________________

ii. ____________________________________________________________

iii. ____________________________________________________________

iv. ____________________________________________________________
i. I am the Central ______________________________ Unit.
v. ____________________________________________________________
ii. I am also called the ____________________________ of computer.
vi. ____________________________________________________________
iii. I am a _______________________ device.

iv. I control all the functions of a ______________________.

v. I have ___________ main parts.

 6 OUTPUT DEVIECS Monitor:
Explain to the students that a monitor is a standard output device that shows the results of any task done on the
computer. Monitor is also one of the important parts of computer, because without monitor, system can’t work.
It looks like a television and can be of several sizes and types.

A standard monitor has a power (on/off) switch. Turning the monitor off does not turn off the computer. There may
OBJECTIVE also be other buttons to be used for adjusting the colours / look of the display. The glass surface of the monitor is
• Understand what is meant by Output called the screen, whereas the monitor is the entire box with the screen, case, stand and buttons.

• Know the names of common output devices Also tell them that monitors in the past were large and occupied a lot of space, but with development in technology,
the monitors have become smaller in size.
• Understand the features and functions of a monitor
Also brief them that there are several types of monitors:
• Know the types of monitor
• Monochrome Monitor
• Understand the utility of printer
• Coloured Monitor
• Know the types of printers
• LCD Monitors
• Know what speakers are
• LED Monitors

LESSON PLAN:
Day 2
Day 1
Monochrome Monitor:
Provide a recap to the student about the IPO Cycle to stimulate their minds for the concept that is to be taught
now. Tell the students that the word MONO means single or one and the word CHROME means Colour.

The students have already learnt in detail about input and processing devices. Now, we will introduce them to The monochrome monitors were very commonly used in 1980s. However, after the launch of coloured monitors,
output devices. the use of monochrome monitors has almost got finished.

Before this is done, we need to explain to them what output is? The monochrome monitors display result in 2 colours. The background is black, and the other colour can be green,
amber (yellow) or white.
Output is the result of the data processed by the computer.
Coloured Monitor:
Give them some examples in the form of verbal questions:
Coloured monitors are also a type of monitor. The screen of coloured monitors can display results in many colours.
1. What will the computer do if you ask it to add 3 and 4?
Today, most people use colour monitors.
2. What will you see on the monitor if you press the key A?
Advantages of coloured monitors:
Direct their answers to the point that any data given to the computer is processed and shown to us as output.
After teaching the students about coloured monitors, it is advised that you tell them about the advantages of
coloured monitors:
Output Devices: • The result displayed on coloured monitors is more clear and pleasant.
Output devices help us to see the result of the instructions given to the computer. There are many output devices, • Monochrome monitors show result in only one colour, hence, viewing pictures or movies on it would be
some of them are: very unpleasant. But, coloured monitors show everything in their actual colour, hence it is preferred.
• Monitor • Coloured monitors are not very expensive.
• Printer • Coloured monitors are durable and have a long life.
Another commonly used output device is speakers. The detail about speakers has not been provided in the book.
However, it is recommended that the students are told about this device as well.
48 49
LCD Monitors Dot Matrix Printer:
Explain it to the students that the word LCD is a short form of Liquid Crystal Display. A dot matrix printer has a print head with many pins on it. These print strike on a ribbon and the ink on the ribbon
prints on the paper.
(The students of this age are too young to be briefed on what liquid crystal means, however, you can make them
familiar with LCD monitors by telling them the following things.) The dot matrix printers are old forms of printers. These were very famous in the 1970s. However, with the
advancement of technology, the dot matrix printers have been replaced by other printers.
• LCD Monitors are one of the latest technology of monitors.

• They are very thin and hence, occupy less space.

• The display of LCDs have better colour than CRT monitors.

Dot matrix printers are also called impact printers.
• LCD monitors consume very less electricity.
Ink Jet Printer:
• They are light weight and can be moved easily.
An ink jet printer prints by spraying small drops of ink on the paper.
LED Monitors
Tell the students that the ink jet printer is one of the most commonly used printer.
The book does not contain information about the LED monitors. However, it is recommended that you teach the
students about this type of monitor. Laser Printer:
The word LED is an abbreviation of Light Emitting Diode. This is too difficult of a term to be explained to the A laser printer is the latest type of printer. It has a laser that strikes a small ink drum present in it. v
students of such young age. Hence, you can conduct your lesson by explaining to the students that:
BEYOND THE BOOK:
• LED monitors are the latest type of monitors available today.
The book contains information only about one output device i.e. the printer. However, it is suggested that the
• They are very similar to the LCD monitors, but have a better picture quality. teacher also explains the students about speakers.

• LED monitors are even lighter than the LCD monitors. Speakers:
Like a monitor and printer, speaker is also an output device.
Day 3: Speaker produces sound. Let us say that you are watching a cartoon movie on the computer, you will be using two
output devices i.e. monitor for seeing the cartoon, and speaker for listening to the cartoon movie.
Printer:
Also tell the students that a computer has small speakers installed in it by default. However, mostly people attach
Today, you will teach them about the printer, which is an output device. speakers to the computer so that they can listen to the sound clearly.
Tell the students that a printer is used for printing information on paper. Anything typed or drawn on a computer
can be printed with the help of printer.
IN THE LAB
Also tell them that anything printed by a printer on a paper is called “print out” or “hard copy”
• Take the students to the lab. Show them the output devices available in the lab. Also show them a
They should also be told that a printer has a on/off switch and is connected to the CPU using a cable. presentation on output devices.
Further, add to the students’ knowledge that printers can be of a lot of shapes and sizes and can print in black and A few links are being pasted for the teacher’s reference:
white form as well as coloured form.
http://www.google.com.pk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&ved=0C
Types of Printers DwQFjAD&url=https%3A%2F%2Fptop.only.wip.la%3A443%2Fhttp%2Fwww.macls.com%2Fpluginfile.php%2F6262%2Fmod_folder%2Fcon
Now, explain the following types of printers to the students: tent%2F1%2FPresentations%2Foutputdevices.ppt%3Fforcedownload%3D1&ei=UhHcUsiWC8i57AbW2Y
CADA&usg=AFQjCNF8yvt3D587kCJZvhoXrCzcs94uhw&bvm=bv.59568121,d.Yms
• Dot Matrix Printer
http://www.slideshare.net/iloveyouloner30/input-and-output-devices-13899226
• Ink Jet Printer
http://www.slideshare.net/cunniman/input-and-output-8738440
• Laser Printer

50 51
SOLUTION OF EXERCISES 3. Fill in the blanks

EXERCISE: a. Output

1. Answer the following questions b. Colour

a. Why do we need output devices? c. Ink Jet

We need output devices to see the result of the work done by the computer. d. Laser

b. Name the types of output devices. 4. Write the full form of

Monitor and Printer are two types of output devices. a. Keyboard Output

b. Dot Matrix Input

c. Name three different types of printers. c. LCD Printer

The three types of printers are:

i. Dot Matrix Printer

ii. Ink Jet Printer

iii. Laser Printer

d. What is LCD?

LCD is a modern type of colour monitor which is thin and has a good display quality.

2. Write the different between the following:

a. Monochrome monitor and colour monitor

S.No Monochrome Monitor Colour Monitor

1 Monochrome monitor shows result Colour monitor shows result in many
in single colour on a black back- colours.
ground.
b. Printer and Monitor

S.No Printer Monitor

1 A printer shows the result on paper. The monitor shows the result on
screen.

52 53
WORKSHEET: WORKSHEET:

Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________ Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________

Circle all the output devices. Also colour them. Answer the following:

1. A monitor that shows only one colour on a black background.

__________________________________________________

2. A monitor that shows result in many colours.

__________________________________________________

3. An output device that produces music.

__________________________________________________

4. A device that gives output on paper.

__________________________________________________

5. A printer that sprays ink drops on paper.

__________________________________________________

Complete the words:

1. M ___ N I T O ___

2. MO ___O CH ___O ___ E

3. O ___ T P ___ T

4. L ___ SER

5. I ___K J ___T

6. SPEA ___ ___RS

WORKSHEET:

Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________

7 STARTING YOUR COMPUTER
Draw the following
OBJECTIVE
• Understand the correct method of starting a computer
Monitor LCD
• Know the meaning of terms related to computer

• Learn the names of a few important programs

• Understand the prescribed method for shutting down the computer

• Understand the importance of starting and shutting down a computer properly

• Know how to take care of computer

LESSON PLAN:
Day 1
The students have already learnt the basic concepts related to computer. In this lesson, you will teach them how
to switch a computer on and off properly.

Initiate the lesson by switching the light in the classroom on and then switching it off.

The students would be able to notice that the bulb lighted when electricity was provided to it and it stopped
lighting when the switch was turned off.

Tell the students that like a bulb, a computer also switches on when electric supply is provided to it. And it should
be shut down when work is done on the computer.
Speaker Printer
Further, tell the students that a computer being a sophisticated machine, requires to be switched on and off
properly.

Now, explain to them, the steps involved in switching a computer on:

• First of all, switch ON the “main power supply” button. Tell the students that by the main power supply
button, we mean the switch that is fitted in the wall and provides electricity.

• Now, switch ON the UPS. Explain to the students that UPS stands for Uninterrupted Power Supply. It is a
device that continues to supply electricity to a computer even if there is a power cut. Also tell the students
that if the electricity goes off, the UPS gives us the chance to save our work on the computer and switch it
off properly. Also add to the students’ information, that if a computer does not have a UPS attached to it
and there is a power cut, the computer will switch off abruptly. This sudden switching off of computer can
result in:

o Damaging the computer

o Loss of work done on the computer

o Failure of devices attached to the computer

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 Hence, all computers, whether in school or at home should have a UPS attached to them. Tell the students that after we complete our work. We should switch the computer off. The proper method of
switching the computer off is:
• The third step in switching on the computer is by pressing the power button present on the CPU. Tell the
students that a light appears on the CPU showing that the computer is now on. • Click on the start button on the task bar. The start menu appears.

• After switching the CPU on, the last thing to do is to turn on the monitor and wait for some time. • From the start menu, select the shut down option using the mouse.

• After a few moments, the monitor screen will display the main screen. The computer is now on and ready • You will see a small box on the screen of the computer. It is called dialogue box.
to be used.
• Select the Shut down option from this box.
• The first screen that you see after the computer has got switched on it called the Windows Desktop.
• Click the Ok button.

• The computer will now shut down.

Day 2:
Tell the students that the above process is called shutting the computer down. However, the computer has not
Provide a recap of the method of switching a computer on to the students. been switched off completely. To complete the process, the following steps are also required:
Now, tell them that yesterday, they learnt that the first screen that shows on the monitor is called Windows • Switch off the power button on the monitor.
Desktop. Today, they will learn about the components of windows desktop.
• Switch off the power button of the UPS.
(You can use the image on page 46 of the book to tell them about the components of the windows desktop)
• Switch off the main power supply button.
Icon
Now, the computer is completely switched off.
The windows desktop has small pictures on it. These pictures represent a program or file. These are called icons.

Taskbar
IN THE LAB
The windows desktop also has a long bar at the bottom of it. It is called the task bar. The task bar is used for many
options. The main options are: Take the students to the lab. Demonstrate to them how a computer should be switched ON and switched OFF.

• It displays the date and time. SOLUTION OF EXERCISES

• It also tells you which programs are open EXERCISE:

• It has the start button on it. 1. Answer the following questions

Start Button a. Write down the steps to switch ON a computer.

The start button is a button on the left corner of the desktop. It is used to select programs in the computer and Below mentioned are the steps to switch ON a computer:
also to shut down the computer.
i. Switch On the main power supply button.
Mouse Pointer ii. Switch On the UPS.
There is a small arrow like pointer on the screen. This pointer moves when we move the mouse on the mouse pad.
iii. Switch On the CPU.
It is called the Mouse Pointer. It is used to select programs on the screen.
iv. Switch On the Monitor

Day 3 Now, the computer will get switched on.

Switching Off the Computer b. Write down the steps to switch OFF a computer.
The students have already learnt about the procedure followed to switch on a computer. Today, you will teach
The steps to switch a computer OFF:
them how a computer is switched off.
i. Click on the start button.

58 59
 ii. From the start menu select Shut Down. WORKSHEET:
iii. Click on the Ok button to shut down the computer.

iv. Switch off the monitor. Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________

v. Switch off the UPS.
Answer the following in one word:
vi. Switch off the main power supply button.

2. Label the diagrams: 1. The short form of Uninterrupted Power Supply is:
a. Switch on the CPU.
___________________________________________________
b. Switch on the main power supply.

c. Switch on the UPS.

d. Switch on the Monitor. 2. The first screen that appears when we start a computer is:

___________________________________________________

3. A long bar at the bottom of the screen is:

___________________________________________________

4. The taskbar has a button on its left side, it is:

___________________________________________________

5. The start menu opens when we click the:

___________________________________________________

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 8 LET US DRAW Starting Paint
Like switching on a computer, there are some steps that need to be followed to open MS Paint. These are:

• Click the start button on the desktop.

• Go to All programs in the Start menu.

OBJECTIVE
• From the programs list, click Accessories.
• Be familiar with MS Paint
• Now, click Paint.
• Understand the procedure to start the MS Paint Program
This will open the program and you will see the MS Paint window.
• Know the names of various components of the MS Paint Window
(Telling this to the students verbally will not be as effective as showing it to them. However, for the moment, you
• Know the names of various tools can use the images in the book to give an idea to the students)
• Be able to identify the tool dos MS Paint and know their utility

• Be able to draw pictures using MS Paint Day 2

Yesterday, the students have been taught how to open MS Paint. Today, utilise the lesson in explaining them
various terms related to MS Paint.
LESSON PLAN:
The Paint Window:
Day 1
When we open MS Paint, the first screen that we see is the MS Paint Window. The window comprises of 3 major
This is one of the most interesting topics of computer for students. The reason is that all students of this young age components:
love to draw, paint and colour. It not only excites them but also gives them happiness.
Drawing Board:
Start the lesson by distributing blank paper sheets in the class. And say out loud “Who likes drawing and colouring?”
The blank white space in the centre of the MS Paint window is called Drawing Board.
All of them will say YES and will get very excited.
Tell the students that the drawing board is just used like a drawing paper. You can draw pictures in this area.
Ask the children to make a drawing on it of their own choice using 15 minutes.
Tool Box:
Let them draw whatever they wish to.
The tool box is a vertical area at the left of the Paint window. It is called tool box because it has many tools on it.
Now, with the help of the students, make a list of things that were used to make the drawing. The possible items These tools can be used to make drawings and colour them.
in the list would be:
The students should now be told about some of the tools present in the tool box.
• Paper
• Pencil
Line Tool:

• Eraser The line tool is used to draw straight lines on the drawing board. We can use the line tool if we have to make a
straight side of any object.
• Ruler
How to Use it?
• Colours
When MS Paint is open, click the line tool, now, press the left button of the mouse on the place where you want
the line to start. Keep pressing the left button and drag the mouse on the mouse pad. You will see a line being
drawn on the screen.
Now, start your explanation by telling them, that they can even make drawings on the computer with the help of
a program called MS Paint. Stop holding the left button when you want to end the line.
Brief it to them that MS Paint is a software that is present in the computer by default. It has several tools which Rectangle Tool:
can be used to make drawings.
A rectangle tool is used to make rectangles.
Before understanding how paint works, the students need to be told how to start this program.
62 63
How to Use it? Keep pressing the left button and drag the mouse on the mouse pad. You will see that as you move the mouse, the
eraser tool erases the part of the drawing that you want to.
When MS Paint is open, click the rectangle tool, now, press the left button of the mouse on the place where you
want the rectangle to start. Keep pressing the left button and drag the mouse on the mouse pad. You will see a Stop holding the left button when you want to stop erasing the drawing.
rectangle being drawn on the screen.
Colour Box:
Stop holding the left button when you want to end the rectangle.
The colour box is present at the bottom of the Paint Window. The colour box is just like a colouring pencil box.

Tell the students that they can change the colour of any object on the drawing using this box.

Selecting a Colour:
You can make squares using the rectangle tool if you press the shift key while you are dragging the
mouse. Move the mouse pointer to the Colour Box. Select any colour of your choice by clicking it.

After selecting a colour, anything drawn on the Drawing board is of the colour that is chosen by you.
Ellipse Tool:
The Ellipse tool is used to create oval in a drawing. Day 4
How to Use it? Saving Work in Paint:
When MS Paint is open, click the Ellipse tool, now, press the left button of the mouse on the place where you want Tell the students that when they have completed their drawing. They can save it to view it later on.
the oval to start. Keep pressing the left button and drag the mouse on the mouse pad. You will see an oval being
drawn on the screen. To save a file, these steps need to be followed:

Stop holding the left button when you want to end the oval. 1. Go to the “File” menu from the top of the MS Paint Window.

2. Select the “Save as” option.

3. Give a name to the file and then press the “save” button.

You can make circles using the ellipse tool if you press the shift key while you are dragging the mouse. Your drawing will be saved in the computer and you can view it later.

Closing Paint:
Day 3 Tell the students that like switching off a computer, you also need to close MS Paint properly.

Pencil Tool This is done by clicking the Close button on the top right corner of the paint window.

A pencil tool is just like a real pencil. It helps us to draw free-hand drawing.

How to Use it? IN THE LAB

When MS Paint is open, click the pencil tool, now, press the left button of the mouse on the place where you want • Take the students to the lab. Demonstrate to them how MS Paint is started. Also show them the parts of
to start your drawing. Keep pressing the left button and drag the mouse on the mouse pad. You will see that a MS Paint window and the tools available in the tool box.
free-hand figure being drawn on the screen.
Make the students perform the activity mentioned on page 54 of the book.
Stop holding the left button when you want to end your drawing.
• Conduct the two activities mentioned on page 55 of the book.
Eraser Tool:
• Ask the students to make the following things using MS Paint:
The Eraser Tool is exactly like the real life eraser. It erases the mistakes that we make while making a drawing.
o House
How to Use it?
o Tree
When MS Paint is open and you have made a mistake in your drawing. Click the eraser tool. Now, press the left
button of the mouse on the place from where you want to erase your drawing. o Smiling Face

64 65
SOLUTION OF EXERCISES 3. Match the following:

EXERCISE: a. Pencil tool

1. Answer the following questions: b. Rectangle tool

a. What is Paint? c. Eraser tool

MS Paint is a program that is used to make drawings on a computer. d. Line tool

e. Ellipse tool

b. Write the steps for starting Paint.

MS Paint is started by following these steps:

i. Click the start button on the desktop.

ii. Go to All programs in the Start menu.

iii. From the programs list, click Accessories.

iv. Now, click Paint.

v. MS Paint will start.

c. What is the Drawing board?

Drawing board is the drawing area of MS Paint.

d. What does the Tool box contain?

The tool box contains many tools for making drawings.

e. What can you do with the colour box?

The colour box is used to choose colours for a drawing.

2. Fill in the blanks:

a. Paint
b. Start button
c. Colour box
d. Drawing board
e. Line
f. Close

g. Tool box

66 67
WORKSHEET: References

Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________ http://clipartist.info/Holidays/Xmas/Animal/lemmling_cartoon_owl_black_white_line_art_scalable_vector_

Draw a MS Paint window in the space given below. graphics_svg_scalable_vector_graphics_svg_clip_art_christmas_xmas_stuffed_animal-999px.png

http://www.englishforeveryone.org/Topics/Computer-Fundamentals.htm

http://www.taknga.edu.hk/~admin1/cit/chap01.pdf

http://store.aramedia.com/shopimages/products/normal/kb-largeprintwhite.jpg

http://computercliparts.net/?attachment_id=146

http://www.studyvillage.com/attachments/Resources/3077-4023-1.-CPU.jpg

http://www.google.com.pk/imgres?newwindow=1&sa=X&biw=1366&bih=599&tbm=is-
ch&tbnid=6wyqMNJ2vpks0M%3A&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fptop.only.wip.la%3A443%2Fhttp%2Fwww.clker.com%2Fcli-
part-monitor-3.html&docid=2Rc2_kzexHtmTM&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fptop.only.wip.la%3A443%2Fhttp%2Fwww.clker.
com%2Fcliparts%2FT%2F0%2Fv%2FQ%2Ft%2Fx%2Fmonitor.svg&w=1600&h=1200&ei=ThbcUpGIMdSAyAP_
ooCQCQ&zoom=1&ved=0CHgQhBwwBQ&iact=rc&dur=18&page=1&start=0&ndsp=12

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hi-1SVhbHxs0M%3A&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fptop.only.wip.la%3A443%2Fhttp%2Ffivetechsoftware.com%2Fcartoon-computer-monitorlcd-mon-
itor-clip-art-vector-free-vector-2.html&docid=suwYPWOkFGncHM&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fptop.only.wip.la%3A443%2Fhttp%2Ffivetechsoftware.
com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2013%2F12%2Fcartoon-computer-monitor-imagescartoon-computer-mon-
itorlcd-monitor-clip-art-vector-free-vector-dettbedc.jpg&w=417&h=425&ei=ThbcUpGIMdSAyAP_ooCQC-
Q&zoom=1&ved=0CHIQhBwwAw&iact=rc&dur=741&page=1&start=0&ndsp=12

http://www.google.com.pk/imgres?imgurl=&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fptop.only.wip.la%3A443%2Fhttp%2Fen.clipart-fr.com%2FClipart%2FPrint-
er%2F&h=0&w=0&sz=1&tbnid=hmJJ6kGo6hJlMM&tbnh=209&tbnw=241&zoom=1&docid=C5oY9CQCpEeSK-
M&ei=xhbcUuLJMITTsgbLqoGgBw&ved=0CBQQsCUoBg

http://www.google.com.pk/imgres?imgurl=&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fptop.only.wip.la%3A443%2Fhttp%2Fanimationews.com%2Fcg%2F-
page%2F86%2F&h=0&w=0&sz=1&tbnid=xoodURHNDJvHjM&tbnh=221&tbnw=228&zoom=1&do-
cid=392VZHR1gWm-pM&ei=xhbcUuLJMITTsgbLqoGgBw&ved=0CA4QsCUoBA

http://www.google.com.pk/imgres?imgurl=&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fptop.only.wip.la%3A443%2Fhttp%2Fwww.freepik.com%2Ffree-vec-
tor%2Flaser-printer-clip-art_383603.htm&h=0&w=0&sz=1&tbnid=pVjEqrqkGk3AGM&tbnh=230&tbn-
w=219&zoom=1&docid=aAebS3LTdxX3iM&ei=xhbcUuLJMITTsgbLqoGgBw&ved=0CAsQsCUoAw

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