PARTICLE DYNAMICS

1. A student calculates the acceleration of m1 in figure shown as

(m - m 2 )g
a1 = 1 . Which assumption is not required to do this
m1 + m 2
calculation?
(a) pulley is frictionless
(b) string is massless
(c) pulley is massless
(d) string is inextensible

2. Which graph shows best the velocity-time graph for an object launched vertically into the air
when air resistance is given by |D| = bv? The dashed line shows the velocity graph if there
were no air resistance.

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

3. To paint the side of building, painter normally hoists himself up by

pulling on the rope A as in figure. The painter and platform together
weight 200N. The rope B can withstand 300N. Then
(a) The maximum acceleration that painter can have upwards is
5m/s2
(b) To hoist himself up, rope B must withstand minimum 400N
force.
(c) Rope A will have a tension of 100 N when the painter is at rest
(d) The painter must exert a force of 200N on the rope A to go down
wards slowly

4. Two men of unequal masses hold on to the two sections of a light

rope passing over a smooth light pulley. Which of the following are
possible?
(a) The lighter man is stationary while the heavier man slides with
some acceleration
(b) The heavier man is stationary while the heavier man slides with
some acceleration
(c) The two men slide with the same acceleration in the same
direction
(d) The two men move with accelerations of the same magnitude in
opposite directions
5. Adjoining figure shows a force of 40N acting at 30° to the
horizontal on a body of mass 5 kg resting on a smooth horizontal
surface. Assuming that the acceleration of free-fall is 10 ms–2,
which of the following statements A, B, C, D, E is (are) correct?
[1] The horizontal force acting on the body is 20 N
[2] The weight of the 5 kg mass acts vertically downwards
[3] The net vertical force acting on the body is 30 N
(a) 1, 2, 3 (b) 1, 2
(c) 2 only (d) 1 only

6. An iron sphere weighing 10N rests in a V

shaped smooth trough whose sides form an
angle of 60° as shown in the figure. Then the
reaction forces are
(a) RA = 10 N and RB = 0 in case (i)
(b) RA = 10 N and RB = 10 in case (ii)
20 10
(c) RA= N and RB = N in case (iii)
3 3
(d) RA = 10N and RB = 10 N in all the three cases

7. For ordinary terrestrial experiments, which of the following observers below are intrtial.
(a) a child revolving in a “giant wheel”
(b) a driver in a sports car moving with a constant high speed of 200 km/h on a straight road.
(c) the pilot of an aero plane which is taking off
(d) a cyclist negotiating a sharp turn

8. A long plant P of the mass 5 kg is placed on a smooth floor. On P

is placed a block Q of mass 2kg. The coefficient of friction
between P and Q is 0.5. If a horizontal force 15N is applied to Q, as
shown, and you may take g as 10N/kg.
(a) The reaction force on Q due to P is 10N
(b) The acceleration of Q relative to P is 2.5 m/s2
(c) The acceleration of P relative to the Floor is 2.0 m/s2
(d) The acceleration of centre of mass of P + Q system relative to the floor is (15/7)m/s2

9. The coefficient of friction between 4kg and 5 kg blocks is 0/2 and

between 5kg block and ground is 0.1 respectively. Choose the
correct statements
(a) Minimum force needed to cause system to move is 17N
(b) When force is 4N static friction at all surfaces is 4N to keep system at rest
(c) maximum acceleration of 4kg block is 2m/s2
(d) Slipping between 4kg and 5kg blocks start when F is 17N.

10. In a tug-of-ware contest, two men pull on a horizontal rope from opposite sides. The winner
will be the man who
(a) exerts greater force on the rope
(b) exerts greater force on the ground
(c) exerts a force on the rope which is greater than the tension in the rope
(d) makes a smaller angle with the vertical
11. A man balances himself in a horizontal position by pushing his hands
and feet against two parallel walls. His centre of mass lies midway
between the walls. The coefficients of friction at the walls are equal.
Which of the following is not correct?
(a) He exerts equal forces on walls
(b) He exerts only horizontal forces on the walls
(c) The forces of friction at the walls are equal
(d) The forces exerted by the walls on him are not horizontal

12. A man pulls a block heavier than himself with a light horizontal rope.
The coefficient of friction is the same between the man and the
ground, and between the block and the ground
(a) The block will not move unless the man also moves
(b) The man can move even when the block is stationary
(c) If both move, the acceleration of the man is greater than the acceleration of the block
(d) None of the above assertions is correct

13. The two blocks A and B of equal mass are initially in contact when
released from rest on the inclined plane. The coefficients of friction
between the inclined plane A and B are µ1 and µ2 respectively.
(a) If µ1 > µ2 the blocks will always remain in contact.

(b) If µ1 < µ2 the blocks will slide down with different accelerations. (if blocks slide)
1
(c) 1f µ1 > µ2 the blocks will have a common acceleration (µ1 + µ 2 )g sin q
2
µµ g
(D) lf µ1 < µ2 the blocks will have a common acceleration 1 2 sin q
µ1 + µ 2

Question No. 14 to 16 (3 questions)

Imagine the situation in which the given arrangement is placed
inside a trolley that can move only in the horizontal direction, as
shown in figure. If the trolley is accelerated horizontally along the
positive x-axis with a0, then

14. Choose the correct statement(s).

(a) There exists a value of a0 = b at which friction force on block M becomes zero
(b) There exists two values of a0 = (b + a) and (b – a) at which the magnitudes of friction
acting on block M are equal
(c) The maximum value of static friction force acts on the block M at two accelerations a1
and a2 such that a1 + a2 = 2b
(d) The maximum value of friction is independent of the acceleration a0

15. If amin and amax are the minimum and maximum values of a0 for which the blocks remain
stationaiy with respect to the surface, then identify the correct statements
(a) If a0 < amin, the block m accelerates downward
(b) If a0 > amax, the block m accelerates upward
(c) The block m does not accelerate up or down when amin £ a0 £ amax
a + a max
(d) The friction force on the block M becomes zero when a 0 = min
2
16. Identify the correct statement(s) related to the tension T in the string
 (A) No value of a0 exists at which T is equal to zero
(B) There exists a value of a0 at which T = mg
(C) If T < mg, then it must be more than µMg
(D) IfT > mg, then it must be less than µMg

Question No. 17 to 20(4 questions)

In figure, two blocks M and mare tied together with an inextensible
and light string. The mass M is placed on a rough horizontal surface
with coefficient of friction µ and the mass m is hanging vertically
against a smooth vertical wall. The pulley is frictionless.

17. Choose the correct statement(s)

(a) The system will accelerate for any value of m
(b) The system will accelerate only when m > M
(c) The system will accelerate only when m > pM
(d) Nothing can be said

18. Choose the correct statement(s) related to the tension T in the string
(a) When m < µM, T = mg (b) When m < µM, T = Mg
(c) When m > µM, µMg < T < mg (d) When m > µM, mg < T < µMg

19. Imagine a situation in which the given arrangement is placed inside

an elevator that can move only in the vertical direction and compare
the situation with the case when it is placed on the ground. When the
elevator accelerates downward with a0 (< g), then
(a) the limiting friction force between the block M and the surface
decreases
(b) the system can accelerate with respect to the elevator even when m < µM
(c) the system does not accelerate with respect to the elevator unless m > µM
(d) the tension in the string decreases

20. When the downward acceleration of the elevator becomes equal to g, then
(a) both the blocks remain stationary with respect to the elevator
(b) both the blocks accelerate vertically downwards with g with respect to ground
(c) the tension in the string becomes equal to zero
(d) the friction force between the block M and the surface is zero

Question No. 21 to 27 (7 questions)

A block of mass M is placed on a horizontal surface and it is tied with
an inextensible string to a block of mass, as shown in figure. A block
of mass m0 is also placed on M.

21. If there is no friction between any two surfaces, then

mg
(a) the downward acceleration of the block m is
m + m0 + M
(b) the acceleration of m0 is zero
(c) if the tension in the string is T then Mg < T < mg
 (d) all the above

If a friction force exist between block M and the horizontal surface with the coefficient of
friction µ.

22. The minimum value of µ for which the block m remains stationary is
m m
(a) (b)
M M + m0
M + m0 M
(c) (d)
M M + m0

23. If µ < µmin (the minimum friction required to keep the block m stationary), then the
downward acceleration of m is
é m - µM ù é m - µ(m - M) ù
(a) ê g (b) ê úg
ë m + M úû ë m + m 0 + M û
é m - µ(m 0 - M) ù é m - µM ù
(c) ê úg (d) ê úg
ë m+M û ë m + m0 + M û

24. In previous problem, the tension in the string will be

mM m(m 0 + M)
(a) g (b) g
m+M m + m0 + M
é m + µ (m 0 + M) ù é mM + µm (m 0 + M) ù
(c) ê
m+ M úg (d) ê
m+ M úg
ë û ë û

25. If µ0 be the coefficient of friction between the block M and the horizontal surface then the
minimum value of m0 required to keep the block m stationary is
m m-M
(a) -M (b)
µ µ
m m+M
(c) +M (d)
µ µ

26. If friction force exists between the block M and the block m0 and not between the block M
and the horizontal surface, then the minimum value of µ for which the block m remains
stationary is
m m
(a) (b)
m0 m0 + M
m - m0
(c) (d) none of these
M

27. The minimum value of µ between the block M and m0 (taking horizontal surface
frictionless)for which all the three blocks move together is
m m
(a) (b)
m + m0 + M m+M
m0
(c) (d) none of these
m + m0 + M
Question No. 28 to 31 (4 questions)
Imagine a situation in which the horizontal surface of block M0
is smooth and its vertical surface is rough with a coefficient of
friction µ.

28. Identify the correct statement(s)

(a) If F = 0, the blocks cannot remain stationary
(b) For one unique value of F, the blocks M and m remain stationary with respect to M0
(c) the limiting friction between m and M0 is independent of F
(d) There exist a value of F at which friction force is equal to zero

29. In above problem, choose the correct value(s) of F which the blocks M and m remain
stationary with respect to M0
g m(M 0 + M + m)g
(a) (M 0 + M + m) (b)
µ M - µm
mg
(c) (M 0 + M + m) (d) none of these
M

30. Consider a special situation in which both the faces of the block M0
are smooth, as shown in adjoining figure. Mark out the correct
statement(s)
(a) If F = 0, the blocks cannot remains stationary
(b) For one unique value of F, the blocks M and m remain stationary with respect to block
M0
(c) There exists a range of F for which blocks M and m remain stationary with respect to
block M0
(d) Since there is no friction, therefore, blocks M and m cannot be in equilibrium with respect
to M0

31. In above problem the value(s) of F for which M and m are stationary with respect to M0
mg
(a) (M 0 + M + mg) (b) (M 0 + M + m)
M
Mg
(c) (M 0 + M + m) (d) none of these
m

32. A particle with constant total energy E moves in one dimension in a region where the
potential energy is U(x). The speed of the particle is zero where
(a) U(x) = E (b) U(x) = 0
dU(x) d 2 U(x)
(c) =0 (d) =0
dx dx 2

33. A block of mass m slides down a plane inclined at an angle q. Which of the following will
NOT increase the energy lost by the block due to friction?
(a) Increasing the angle of inclination
(b) Increasing the distance that the block travels
(c) Increasing the acceleration due to gravity
(d) Increasing the mass of the block
34. The potential energy in joules of a particle of mass 1 kg moving in a plane is given by U = 3x
+ 4y, the position coordinates of the point being x and y, measured in metres. If the particle is
initially at rest at (6, 4), then
(a) its acceleration is of magnitude 5m/s2
(b) its speed when it crosses the y-axis is 10 m/s
(c) it crosses the y-axis (x = 0) at y = –4
(d) it moves in a straight line passing through the origin (0, 0)

35. The potential energy of a particle of mass 5kg moving in the XY plane is given by V = –7x +
24y joules, x and y being in metres. Initially at t = 0 the particle is at the origin (0, 0) moving
ˆ
with a velocity of 6 [i(2.4) +ˆj(0.7)] m / s . Then
(a) the magnitude of velocity of the particle at t = 4 sec. is 25 m/s
(b) the magnitude of acceleration of the particle is 5m/s2
(c) the direction of motion the particle initially at t = 0 is at right angles to the direction of
acceleration
(d) the path of particle is a circle.

36. A box of mass m is released from rest a position 1 on the frictionless

curved track shown. It slides a distance d along the track in time t to
reach position 2, dropping a vertical distance h. Let v and a be the
instantaneous speed and instantaneous acceleration, respectively, of
the box at position 2. Which of the following equations is valid for
this situation?
(a) h = vt (b) h = (1/2)gt2
2
(c) d = (1/2)at (d) mgh = (1/2)mv2

37. A ball o mass m is attached to the lower end of light vertical sprign of force constant k. The
upper end of the spring is fixed. The ball is released from rest with the spring at its normal
(unstretched) length, comes to rest again after descending through a distance x.
(a) x = mg/k
(b) x = 2 mg/k
(c) The ball will have no acceleration at the position where it has descended through x/2.
(d) The ball will have an upward acceleration equal to g at its lowermost position

38. A ball is projected vertically upwards. Air resistance & variation in g may be neglected. The
ball rises to its maximum height H in a time T, the height being h after a time t
[1] The graph of kinetic energy Ek of the ball against height h is shown in figure 1
[2] The graph of height h against time t is shown in figure 2
[2] The graph of gravitational energy Eg of the ball against height h is shown in figure 3

Which A, B, C, D, E shows the correct answers?

(a) 3 only (b) 1, 2
(c) 2, 3 (d) 1 only
39. A spring block system is placed on a rough horizontal floor. The
block is pulled towards right to give spring some elongation and
released.
(a) The block may stop before the spring attains its mean position.
(b) The block must stop with spring having some compression
(c) The block may stop with spring having some compression.
(d) It is not possible that the block stops at mean position.

40. In the above situation the block will have maximum velocity when
(a) the spring force becomes zero
(b) the frictional force becomes zero
(c) the net force becomes zero
(d) the acceleration of block becomes zero

4l. A particle of mass m is at rest in a train moving with constant velocity with respect to ground.
Now the particle is accelerated by a constant force F0 acting along the direction of motion of
train for time to. A girl in the train and a boy on the ground measure the work done by this
force. Which of the following are INCORRECT?
(a) Both will measure the same work
(b) Boy will measure higher value than the girl
(c) Girl will measure higher value than the boy
(d) Data are insufficient for the measurement of work done by the force F0
42. Two particles move on a circular path (one just inside and the other just outside) with angular
velocities w and 5w string from the same point. Then
2p
(a) they cross each other at regular intervals of time their angular velocities are
4w
oppositely directed.
(b) they cross each other at points on the path subtending an angle of 60°at the centre if their
angular velocities are oppositely directed,
p
(c) they cross at intervals of time if their angular velocities are oppositely directed.
3w
(d) they cross each other at points on the path subtending 90° at the centre if their angular
velocities are in the same sense.

43. A cart moves with a constant speed along a horizontal circular path. From the cart, a particle
is thrown up vertically with respect to the cart
(a) The particle will land somewhere on the circular path
(b) The particle will land outside the circular path
(c) The particle will follow an elliptical path
(d) The particle will follow a parabolic path

Questions No. 44 to 46 (3 questions)

A particle of mass m is released from a height H on a smooth
curved surface which ends into a vertical loop of radius R, as
shown

44. Choose the correct alternative(s) if H = 2R

(a) The particles reach the top of the loop with zero velocity
 (b) The particle cannot reach the top of the loop
(c) The particle breaks off at a height H = R from the base of the loop
(d) The particle break off at a height R < H < 2R

45. If q is instantaneous angle which the line joining the particle and the centre of the loop makes
with the vertical, then identify the correct statement(s) related to the normal reaction N
between the block and the surface
(a) The maximum value N occurs at q = 0
(b) the minimum value of N occurs at N = p for H > 5R/2
(c) The value of N becomes negative for p/2 < q < 3p /2
(d) the value of N becomes zero only when q ³ p/2

46. The minimum value of H required so that the particle makes a complete vertical circle is
given by
(a) 5R (b) 4R
(c) 2.5 R (d) 2R

47. A small particle of mass m is given an initial high velocity in the

horizontal plane and winds its cord around the fixed vertical shaft of
radius a. All motion occurs essentially in horizontal plane. If the
angular velocity of the cord is w0 when the distance from the particle
to the tangency point is r0, then the angular velocity of the cord w
after it has turned through an angle q is
aw
(a) w = w0 (b) w = 0
r0
w0
(c) w = (d) w = w0q
aq
1-
r0
48. A particle moving with kinetic energy 3 joule makes an elastic head on collision with a
stationary particle which has twice its mass during the impact.
(a) The minimum kinetic energy of the system is 1 joule.
(b) The maximum elastic potential energy of the system is 2 joule.
(c) Momentum and total kinetic energy of the system are conserved at every instant.
(d) The ratio of kinetic energy to potential energy of the system first decreases and then
increases.

49. A ball of mass m collides elastically with an identical ball at rest with some impact
parameter.
(a) 100 % energy transfer can never take place
(b) 100 % energy transfer may take place
(c) angle of divergence between the two balls must be 90°
(d) angle of divergence between the two balls depend on impact parameter

50. Two balls A and B having masses 1 kg and 2 kg, moving with speeds 21 m/s and 4 m/s
respectively in opposite direction, collide head on. After collision A moves with a speed of 1
rn/s in the same direction, then correct statements is:
(a) The velocity of B after collision is 6 m/s opposite to its direction of motion before
collision.
(b) The coefficient of restitution is 0.2.
(c) The loss of kinetic energy due to collision is 200 J.
 (d) The impulse of the force between the two balls is 40 Ns.

51. An object comprises of a uniform ring of radius Rand its uniform

chord AB (not necessarily made of the same material) as shown.
Which of the following cannot be the centre of mass of the object
(a) (R/3, R13) (b) (RJ3, R/2)
(c) (R/4, R/4) (d) (R / 2, R / 2)

52. A ball A collides elastically with another identical ball B initially at rest A is moving with
velocity of l0 m/s at an angle of 60° from the line joining their centres. Select correct
alternative:
(a) velocity of ball A after collision is 5m/s
(b) velocity of ball B after collision is 5 3m / s
(c) velocity of ball A after collision is 7.5 m/s
(d) velocity of ball B after collision is 5 m/s.

53. Consider following statements

[1] CM of a uniform semicircular disc of radius R = 2R/p from the centre
[2] CM of a uniform semicircular ring of radius R = 4R/3p from the centre
[3] CM of a solid hemisphere of radius R = 4R/3p from the centre
[4] CM of a hemisphere shell of radius R = R/2 from the centre
Which statements are correct?
(a) 1, 2, 4 (b) 1, 3, 4
(c) 4 only (d) 1, 2 only

54. The diagram to the right shows the velocity-time graph for
two masses R and S that collided elastically. Which of the
following statements is true?
(I) R and S moved in the same direction after the collision
(II) Kinetic energy of the system (R & S) is minimum at t = 2
milli sec.
(III) The mass of R was greater than mass of S.

(a) I only (b) II only

(c) I and II only (d) I, II and III

55. In an inelastic collision,

(a) The velocity of both the particles may be same after the collision
(b) kinetic energy is not conserved
(c) linear momentum of the system is conserved
(d) velocity of separation will be less than velocity of approach

56. A man of mass 40 kg is standing on a trolley A of mass 140 kg. He pushes another trolley B
of same material of mass 60 kg, so that they are set in motion. Then
(a) speed of trolley A is 3 times that of trolley B immediately after the interaction
(b) speed of trolley B is 3 times that of trolley A immediately after the interaction
(c) distance traveled by trolley B is 3 times that of trolley A before they stop
(d) distance traveled by trolley B is 9 times that of trolley A before they stop
57. Two identical balls are interconnected with a mass less and inextensible thread. The system is
in gravity free space with the thread just taut. Each balls is imparted a velocity v, one towards
the other ball and the other perpendicular to the first, at t == 0. Then,
(a) the thread will become taut at t = (L/v)
(b) the thread will become taut at some time t < (L/v)
(c) the thread will always remain taut for t > (L/v)
(d) the kinetic energy of the system will always remain mv2

58. In a one dimensional collision between two identical particles A and B, B is stationary and A
has momentum p before impact. During impact, B gives impulse J to A.
(a) The total momentum of the ‘A plus B’ system is p before and after the impact, and (p-J)
during the impact.
(b) During the impact A gives impulse J to B
2J
(c) The coefficient of restitution is -1
p
J
(d) The coefficient of restitution is + 1
p

59. Two blocks A(5 kg) and B(2kg) attached to the ends of a spring
constant 1120N/m are placed on a smooth horizontal plane with
the spring underformed. Simultaneously velocities of 3m/s and
10m/s along the line of the spring in the same direction are
imparted to A and B then
(a) When the extension of the spring is maximum the velocities of A and B are zero
(b) the maximum extension of the spring is 25 cm
(c) maximum extension and maximum compression occur alternately.
p
(d) the maximum compression occur for the first time after sec.
56
!
60. In a one-dimensional collision between two particles, their relative velocity is v1 before the
!
collision and v 2 after the collision
! ! ! !
(a) v1 = v 2 if the collision is elastic (b) v1 = - v 2 if the collision is elastic
! ! ! !
(c) | v 2 |=| v1 | in all cases (d) v1 = -kv 2 in all cases, where k ³ 1

61. In an elastic collision between disks A and B of equal mass but unequal radii, A moves along
the x-axis and B is stationary before impact. Which of the following is possible after impact?
(a) a comes to rest
(b) The velocity of B relative to A remains the same in magnitude but reverses in direction
(c) A and B move with equal speeds, making an angle of 45° each with the x-axis
(d) A and B move with unequal speeds, making angles of 30° and 60° with the x-axis
respectively

62. An isolated rail car originally moving with speed v0 ona straight, frictionless, level track
contains a large amount of sand. A release valve on the bottom of the car malfunctions, and
sand begins to pour out straight down relative to the rail can
(A) Is momentum conserved in this process?
(a) the momentum of the rail car alone is conserved
(b) the momentum o the rail car + sand remaining within the car is conserved
(c) the momentum of the rail car + all of the sand, both inside and outside the rail car, is
conserved
 (d) None of the three previous system have momentum conservation
(B) What happens to the speed of the rail car as the sand pours out?
(a) the car beigns to roll faster
(b) The car maintains the same speed
(c) The car begins to slow down
(d) the problem cannot be solved since momentum is not conserved

Questions No. 63 to 66 (4 questions)

Two men of mass m1 and m2 are standing at the ends A and B of the
trolley, respectively. The mass of the trolley is M and its length is L.
The two men can exchange their positions in three different ways:

Case I: m1 moves towards B with urel and m2 remains stationary until m1 reaches its position; and
then m2 starts moving and reaches the end A.
Case II m2 moves towards A with urel and m1 remains stationary until m2 reaches its position, and
then m1 starts moving and reaches the end B.
Case III Both moves with urel with respect to trolley towards each other and reach then opposite ends.

63. Choose the correct statement(s) related to Case I

(a) As the man m1 moves, the trolley moves towards left and its velocity becomes maximum
when it reachs the end B.
m1L
(b) When m1 reaches the end B, the distance moved by the trolley is
m1 + m 2 + M
(c) When m1 and m2 has exchanged their position, the displacement of the centre of mass of
the system is zero
(d) When the men have exchange their positions, the final velocity of the trolley is zero

64. Choose the correct statement(s) related to Case II

(a) When the man m2 reaches the position of m1, the distance moved by the trolley is
m2L
m1 + m 2 + M
(b) What the man m1 reaches the position of m2, the distance moved by the trolley is
m1L
m1 + m 2 + M
(c) When the men have exchanged their positions, the distance moved by the centre of mass
æ m1 + m 2 ö
is ç ÷L
è m1 + m 2 + M ø
(d) When the men have exchanged their position, the displacement of the centre of mass is
(m1 - m 2 )L
m1 + m 2 + M

65. Choose the correct statement(s) related to Case III

(a) As both the men moves simultaneously, the velocity of the trolley at any instant is zero
(b) Both mean reach their opposite ends simultaneously
(c) The distance traveled by both the men with respect to ground is same
(d) All the above

66. Choose the correct statement(s) related to all the three cases
(a) the centre mass remains stationary at all instants
 (b) The displacement of the trolley cannot exceed L
(c) The displacement of the trolley is independent of the velocity of each man
(d) The displacement of the trolley in all the three cases is same

Question No. 67 to 73 (7 questions)

A particle of mass m moving horizontally with v0 strikes a smooth
wedge of mass M, as shown in figure. After collision, the ball starts
moving up the inclined face of the wedge and rises to a height h.

67. The final velocity of the wedge v2 is

mv 0 mv 0
(a) (b)
M M+m
(c) v0 (d) insufficient data

68. When the particle has risen to a height h on the wedge, then choose the correct alternative(s)
(a) the particle is stationary with respect to ground
(b) both are stationary with respect to the centre of mass
(c) the kinetic energy of the centre of mass remains constant
(d) the kinetic energy with respect to the centre of mass is converted into potential energy

69. The maximum height h attained by the particle is

2 2
æ m ö v0 æ m ö v0
(a) ç ÷ (b) ç ÷
è m + M ø 2g è M ø 2g
2
æ M ö v0
(c) ç ÷ (d) none of these
è m + M ø 2g

70. Identify the correct statement(s) related to the situation when the particle starts moving
downwards.
(a) The centre of mass of the system remains stationary
(b) both the particle and the wedge remain stationary with respect to centre of mass
(c) When the particle reaches the horizontal surface it velocity relative to the wedge is v0
(d) none of these

71. Suppose the particle when reaches the horizontal surfaces, its
velocity with respect to ground is v1 and that of wedge is v2.
Choose the correct statement(s)
(a) mv1 = Mv2 (b) Mv2 – mv1 = mv0
(c) v1 + v2 = v0 (d) v1 + v2 < v0

72. Choose the correct statement(s) related to particle m

æ mM ö æ M-mö
(a) Its kinetic energy is K f = ç ÷ gh (b) v1 = v 0 ç ÷
èm+Mø èM+mø
2
K æ M ö
(c) The ratio of its final kinetic energy to its initial kinetic energy is f = ç ÷
Ki è m + M ø
(d) It moves opposite to its initial direction of motion

73. Choose the correct statement related to the wedge M

 æ 4m 2 ö æ 2m ö
(a) Its kinetic energy is K f = ç ÷ gh (b) v 2 = ç ÷ v0
èm+Mø èm+Mø
æ 4mM ö æ 1 ö
(c) Its gain in kinetic energy is DK = ç 2 ÷ç
mv 02 ÷
è (m + M) ø è 2 ø
(d) its velocity is more than the velocity of centre of mass
 ANSWER KEYS (PARTICLE DYNAMICS)

1. c 38. a
2. b 39. a, c
3. a, c 40. c, d
4. a, b, d 41. a, c
5. c 42. b, c, d
6. a, b, c 43. b, d
7. b 44. b, d
8. c, d 45. a, b, d
9. c 46. c
10. b 47. c
11. b 48. a, b, d
12. a, b, c 49. a, c
13. a, b 50. a, b, c
14. a, b, c, d 51. b, d
15. a, b, c, d 52. d
16. a, b, c 53. c
17. c 54. d
18. a, c 55. a, b, c, d
19. a, c, d 56. b, d
20. a, b, c, d 57. a, c
21. b 58. b, c
22. b 59. b, c
23. c 60. b, d
24. d 61. a, b, c, d
25 a 62. (a) a, c, (b) b
26. d 63. b, c, d
27. a 64. a
28. a, d 65. b
29. b, c 66. a, b, c, d
30. a, b, 67. b
31. b 68. b, d
32. a 69. c
33. a 70. c
34. a, b, c 71. b, c
35. a, b, c 72. b
36. d 73. a, b, c, d
37. b, c, d
 HINTS AND SOLUTIONS
PARTICLE DYNAMICS

1. If pulley is not massless, because of friction it will have rotatory motion. Hence rotational
effect is to be considered.
\ (c).
2. When object is going upward
bv
acceleration = g +
m
when object is going downward
bv
acceleration = g -
m
hence initially negative slope of v–t curve is higher in beginning and it will be less in
downward motion.
\ (b).
3. In extreme case
300
Tension in string held by man is = 150 N
2
300 - 200
In that case maximum acceleration is = 5 m / s2
20
To keep the person at rest
2T = 200
T = 100 N.
Hence man has to apply 100 N. Force on string.
\ (a), (c).
4. Acceleration of persons along downward directions is
T T
a1 = g - and a 2 = g -
m1 m2
They cannot be equal because m1 ¹ m2 and all other cases are possible.
\ (a), (b), (d).
5. FM = 40 cos 30º = 20 3 N
FV = 50 – 40 sin 30º = 30 N (downward)
But net vertical force is zero.
\ (c).
6. In case (i)
RA

mg
RA = mg
RB = 0.
In case (ii)
2R sin 30º = mg
RA = mg = 10 N = RB
 RA
RB

30º 30º

In case (iii)
RA RB

60º

RA sin 60º = mg
20
RA =
3
10
R B = R A cos 60° = .
3
\ (a), (b), (c).
!
7. For inertial frame a = 0
\ (b).
8. Consider single system
15
Þ a=
7
15
f = 3 ´ = 6.4 N < f max .
7
Reaction force is vector sum of friction and normal force.
There is no relative motion.
\ (d).
9.
fmax=8N 4
fmax=9N 5 F

® Fmin to move the system is 9 N.

® when F = 4 N, friction at lowest surface is 4 N.
friction 8
® amax of 4 kg block is = = 2 m / s2 .
mass 4
\ (c).
10. Newton’s 3rd law is applicable.
\ (b).
11. Incorrect ans. is (b)
vector sum of normal force and reaction of friction force is not horizontal.
12. Since mass of block is more than that of man, hence friction on block is higher.
\ (a), (b), (c) are correct.
13. When µ1 and µ2 block A will experience higher friction hence A and B move together.
\ (a).
When µ1 and µ2 block B will experience higher friction hence A will move faster.
14.
 N1
T
f1
Ma0 T Ma0 N2
f2
Mg mg
when f2 = 0
T = Ma0
\ (a).
There exist two value b + a and b – a when friction on M one equal.
This situation is when M has tendency to move left and right respectively w.r.t. table.
\ (b).
Answers (c) and (d) are also correct.
15. For a minimum value of a0, m will have tendency to move down and for a maximum value of
a0 m will have tendency to go up because pseudo force on mass M will cause m to move up.
Hence (a), (b), (c) and (d) are correct.
17. System will accelerate only when mg will overcome friction
Þ mg > µ Mg
\ (c).
18. When mg > µMg, bodies start moving.
Mg – T = ma and T – µMg = Ma
Hence µ Mg < T < mg
\ (a) and (c).
19. Apply a pseudo force. Hence acceleration become (g – a0)
\ limiting friction decreases.
\ relative acceleration takes placed when m > µM.
Tension decreases because effective g¢ = g – a0.
\ (a), (c), (d).
20. System is in the state of free fall
Hence (a) and (b) are correct.
Friction become zero because normal reaction become zero.
Tension become zero because effective weight become zero.
\ answer is (a), (b), (c) and (d).
21. When there is no friction
mg
a=
M+m
acceleration of m0 is zero.
T < Mg and T < mg
\ (b).
22. µ (m0 + M) g = mg
\ (b).
mg - µ(m 0 + M)g
23. a=
m+M
\ (c).
24. mg – T = ma
Þ T = m (g – a)
m
= (Mg + µ(m 0 + M)g)
m+M
\ (d).
25. µ (M + m0) g = mg
 m
m0 = -M
µ
\ (a).
26. In this situation any value of µ will not able to hold m because (m0 + M) will move together
and there is no force which can stop (m0 + M)
\ (d).
mg
27. Acceleration of whole system =
m + M + m0
This acceleration of mass m0 will be caused by friction
m 0 mg
Hence µ min m 0 g =
m + M + m0
m0
Þ µ min =
m + M + m0
\ (a).
28. If F = 0 system cannot remain in equilibrium because mg will cause downward notion for a
particular value of F, friction force will balance mg.
\ answer (a), (b) and (d).
Friction will be zero when F = 0.
29. mg – µ ma – ma = 0
mg F
a= =
µm + M m + M + m 0
mg(m + M + m 0 )
F=
µm + M
In the other case
mg(m + M + m 0 )
F=
M - µm
mg(m + M + m 0 )
if µ = 0 Þ F =
M
\ answer (b), (c).
30. At F = 0 blocks cannot remains stationary.
For unique value of F, M and m remain in equilibrium w.r.t. M0. Because there is no friction.
\ (a), (b).
31.